TEDxDelft
Mileha Soneji: Simple hacks for life with Parkinson's
米乐哈·桑吉: 用简单的方法解决帕金森综合征的问题
Filmed:
Readability: 3.6
1,033,316 views
简单的方案往往是最好的，即便是应对像帕金森综合征这样复杂的问题。米乐哈·桑吉在她令人启发的演讲中分享了可能的一些设计让帕金森综合征的病人可以每天生活的更加轻松。“科技不是所有，”她说，“我们需要以人为本的设计。”
Mileha Soneji - Product designer
Mileha Soneji believes that having empathy and being able to put yourself in another person's shoes is what makes for great design. Full bio
Mileha Soneji believes that having empathy and being able to put yourself in another person's shoes is what makes for great design. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
In India, we have these huge families.
0
800
3016
印度有很多大家族，
00:15
I bet a lot of you all
must have heard about it.
must have heard about it.
1
3840
2576
相信大家有所耳闻。
00:18
Which means that there are
a lot of family events.
a lot of family events.
2
6440
2840
大家族就有很多大型家族活动。
00:21
So as a child, my parents
used to drag me to these family events.
used to drag me to these family events.
3
9840
3880
我小的时候常被父母拖过去参加。
00:26
But the one thing
that I always looked forward to
that I always looked forward to
4
14360
3016
但我唯一想做的就是，
00:29
was playing around with my cousins.
5
17400
2040
找我亲戚玩。
00:32
And there was always this one uncle
6
20160
2296
以前那里
00:34
who used to be there,
7
22480
1256
总有一个叔叔，
00:35
always ready, jumping around with us,
8
23760
1856
经常做好了准备和我们一起跳，
00:37
having games for us,
9
25640
1496
陪我们玩，
00:39
making us kids have the time of our lives.
10
27160
2800
陪我们度过了快乐的时光。
00:42
This man was extremely successful:
11
30920
2336
这个人及其的成功：
00:45
he was confident and powerful.
12
33280
2000
自信、有能力。
00:47
But then I saw this hale and hearty person
deteriorate in health.
deteriorate in health.
13
35920
4400
但是随后这个健壮精神的人生了病，
00:53
He was diagnosed with Parkinson's.
14
41240
2280
被诊断为帕金森综合征。
00:56
Parkinson's is a disease that causes
degeneration of the nervous system,
degeneration of the nervous system,
15
44760
4056
帕金森综合征会引发神经系统退化，
01:00
which means that this person
who used to be independent
who used to be independent
16
48840
2976
意味着一个过去独立的人
01:03
suddenly finds tasks like drinking coffee,
because of tremors, much more difficult.
because of tremors, much more difficult.
17
51840
5240
突然因为颤抖
连喝咖啡都变得非常困难。
连喝咖啡都变得非常困难。
01:09
My uncle started using a walker to walk,
18
57800
2656
我的叔叔开始使用拐杖行走，
01:12
and to take a turn,
19
60480
1216
想要拐弯，
01:13
he literally had to take
one step at a time, like this,
one step at a time, like this,
20
61720
4056
就必须像这样一点一点地走，
01:17
and it took forever.
21
65800
1240
要花很久的时间。
01:20
So this person, who used to be
the center of attention
the center of attention
22
68240
3176
所以一个以前每次家庭聚会上
01:23
in every family gathering,
23
71440
2056
都成为焦点的男人，
01:25
was suddenly hiding behind people.
24
73520
2080
突然躲在了大家的后面。
01:28
He was hiding from the pitiful look
in people's eyes.
in people's eyes.
25
76400
3360
他在躲避大家怜悯的目光。
01:32
And he's not the only one in the world.
26
80440
2080
他并不孤单，
01:35
Every year, 60,000 people
are newly diagnosed with Parkinson's,
are newly diagnosed with Parkinson's,
27
83280
5496
每年60000人被新诊断为
帕金森综合征，
帕金森综合征，
01:40
and this number is only rising.
28
88800
2040
而且以后会更多。
01:44
As designers, we dream that our designs
solve these multifaceted problems,
solve these multifaceted problems,
29
92360
5416
作为设计者，我们希望我们的设计
可以解决多方面的问题，
可以解决多方面的问题，
01:49
one solution that solves it all,
30
97800
2816
一个方法就能一劳永逸，
01:52
but it need not always be like that.
31
100640
2280
但往往事与愿违。
01:55
You can also target simple problems
32
103680
2816
你也可以通过解决一系列小问题，
01:58
and create small solutions for them
and eventually make a big impact.
and eventually make a big impact.
33
106520
3920
最终产生重大的影响。
02:03
So my aim here was
to not cure Parkinson's,
to not cure Parkinson's,
34
111120
3376
所以我的重点不是治愈帕金森综合征，
02:06
but to make their everyday tasks
much more simple,
much more simple,
35
114520
3176
而是让病人每天更轻松，
02:09
and then make an impact.
36
117720
1400
最后产生影响。
02:12
Well, the first thing I targeted
was tremors, right?
was tremors, right?
37
120040
3560
那么第一个要解决的问题
就是颤抖，对吧？
就是颤抖，对吧？
02:16
My uncle told me that he had stopped
drinking coffee or tea in public
drinking coffee or tea in public
38
124440
4536
叔叔告诉我他为了防止引起尴尬，
02:21
just out of embarrassment,
39
129000
1479
已经不在公共场合喝咖啡或者茶了。
02:23
so, well, I designed the no-spill cup.
40
131000
3480
所以我设计了防洒杯，
02:27
It works just purely on its form.
41
135080
2856
通过设计一个样式达到目的。
02:29
The curve on top deflects the liquid
back inside every time they have tremors,
back inside every time they have tremors,
42
137960
5256
每次使用者颤抖时，顶部的曲线
可以让液体流回杯子
可以让液体流回杯子
02:35
and this keeps the liquid inside
compared to a normal cup.
compared to a normal cup.
43
143240
2840
从而达到不会洒的目的。
02:38
But the key here is that it is not tagged
as a Parkinson's patient product.
as a Parkinson's patient product.
44
146800
4920
更关键的是它不会被贴上
帕金森综合征患者产品的标签。
帕金森综合征患者产品的标签。
02:44
It looks like a cup that could be used
by you, me, any clumsy person,
by you, me, any clumsy person,
45
152040
4416
它就像一个你，我 ，
每个笨手笨脚的人都会使用的杯子 ，
每个笨手笨脚的人都会使用的杯子 ，
02:48
and that makes it much more comforting
for them to use, to blend in.
for them to use, to blend in.
46
156480
4000
这会让病人更好的融入社会。
02:53
So, well, one problem solved,
47
161920
2656
所以第一个问题解决了，
02:56
many more to go.
48
164600
1240
后面还有很多。
02:58
All this while, I was interviewing him,
49
166640
2416
这一阵我一直在采访他，
03:01
questioning him,
50
169080
1536
询问他，
03:02
and then I realized that I was getting
very superficial information,
very superficial information,
51
170640
3696
后来我发现我只得到了
很表面的信息，
很表面的信息，
03:06
or just answers to my questions.
52
174360
2816
或只是简单地
回答我问的问题。
回答我问的问题。
03:09
But I really needed to dig deeper
to get a new perspective.
to get a new perspective.
53
177200
3160
但我真的需要再深入一点，
看能不能理出新的头绪。
看能不能理出新的头绪。
03:13
So I thought, well,
let's observe him in his daily tasks,
let's observe him in his daily tasks,
54
181000
3736
我想从观察他的日常生活开始，
03:16
while he's eating, while he's watching TV.
55
184760
2360
观察他吃饭和看电视。
03:19
And then, when I was actually
observing him walking to his dining table,
observing him walking to his dining table,
56
187800
4056
当我看到他走去餐桌吃饭的时候，
03:23
it struck me, this man who finds it
so difficult to walk on flat land,
so difficult to walk on flat land,
57
191880
5176
我震惊地发现，他就连在平地上
行走都是很困难的，
行走都是很困难的，
03:29
how does he climb a staircase?
58
197080
1720
更何况去爬楼梯。
03:31
Because in India we do not have
a fancy rail that takes you up a staircase
a fancy rail that takes you up a staircase
59
199320
3696
在印度没有像其他发达国家一样，
03:35
like in the developed countries.
60
203040
2016
电梯可以帮你上楼，
03:37
One actually has to climb the stairs.
61
205080
2120
大家都要爬楼梯。
03:39
So he told me,
62
207920
1256
他跟我说，
03:41
"Well, let me show you how I do it."
63
209200
2000
我给你看我怎么上楼。
03:43
Let's take a look at what I saw.
64
211880
2040
请看我所看到的情况：
03:48
So he took really long
to reach this position,
to reach this position,
65
216960
2656
他花了很长的时间走到了这个位置，
03:51
and then all this while, I'm thinking,
66
219640
1856
这段时间我一直在想：
03:53
"Oh my God, is he really going to do it?
67
221520
1936
”天啊，他真的要这么做么？
03:55
Is he really, really going to do it
without his walker?"
without his walker?"
68
223480
2896
他真的要不用拐杖走楼梯么？”
03:58
And then ...
69
226400
1200
然后……
04:02
(Laughter)
70
230280
2320
（笑声）
04:08
And the turns, he took them so easily.
71
236680
2160
然后他很轻松的转弯。
04:13
So -- shocked?
72
241240
1240
所以，震惊了么？
04:14
Well, I was too.
73
242920
1480
我也震惊了。
04:19
So this person who could not
walk on flat land
walk on flat land
74
247320
2976
一个不能在平地上走路的人，
04:22
was suddenly a pro at climbing stairs.
75
250320
2080
爬楼梯却非常顺利。
04:25
On researching this, I realized that
it's because it's a continuous motion.
it's because it's a continuous motion.
76
253720
4655
通过研究，我了解到
这是因为爬楼梯是一系列的动作。
这是因为爬楼梯是一系列的动作。
04:30
There's this other man
who also suffers from the same symptoms
who also suffers from the same symptoms
77
258399
3137
另一个同样使用拐杖的
04:33
and uses a walker,
78
261560
1416
帕金森综合征患者
04:35
but the moment he's put on a cycle,
79
263000
2096
只要骑上自行车
04:37
all his symptoms vanish,
80
265120
1696
所有的症状都消失了，
04:38
because it is a continuous motion.
81
266840
2080
也是因为这是连续性的动作。
04:41
So the key for me was to translate
this feeling of walking on a staircase
this feeling of walking on a staircase
82
269560
4296
所以问题的关键就是
我如何把爬楼梯的感觉
我如何把爬楼梯的感觉
04:45
back to flat land.
83
273880
1400
移植到平地上去。
04:47
And a lot of ideas
were tested and tried on him,
were tested and tried on him,
84
275880
2936
我在他的身上尝试了很多想法，
04:50
but the one that finally worked
was this one. Let's take a look.
was this one. Let's take a look.
85
278840
3520
我们看一下最终成功的想法。
04:57
(Laughter)
86
285440
3056
（笑声）
05:00
(Applause)
87
288520
4456
（掌声）
05:05
He walked faster, right?
88
293000
1456
他走得快一点了，是吧？
05:06
(Applause)
89
294480
3200
（掌声）
05:11
I call this the staircase illusion,
90
299240
2776
我把它称为阶梯假象。
05:14
and actually when the staircase illusion
abruptly ended, he froze,
abruptly ended, he froze,
91
302040
4576
实际上，当阶梯假象突然结束了，
他就会停住了。
他就会停住了。
05:18
and this is called freezing of gait.
92
306640
2016
这叫做步态冻结，
05:20
So it happens a lot,
93
308680
1216
这经常发生。
05:21
so why not have a staircase illusion
flowing through all their rooms,
flowing through all their rooms,
94
309920
3936
那为什么不让屋子充满阶梯假象，
05:25
making them feel much more confident?
95
313880
2360
让他们感到更加自信？
05:29
You know, technology is not always it.
96
317440
2656
科技并不是一切。
05:32
What we need are human-centered solutions.
97
320120
2776
我们需要以人为本的解决方案。
05:34
I could have easily
made it into a projection,
made it into a projection,
98
322920
2216
我本可以在谷歌眼镜或者
05:37
or a Google Glass, or something like that.
99
325160
2336
别的什么上做一个阶梯的投影，
05:39
But I stuck to simple print on the floor.
100
327520
2320
但是我对地板上的印花思考了很久。
05:42
This print could be taken into hospitals
101
330360
2936
医院可以采用这个印花
05:45
to make them feel much more welcome.
102
333320
2400
让医院更受病人的欢迎。
05:48
What I wish to do
is make every Parkinson's patient
is make every Parkinson's patient
103
336600
3096
我想做到让所有的
帕金森综合征的病人
帕金森综合征的病人
05:51
feel like my uncle felt that day.
104
339720
2456
都感受到我叔叔那天的感觉。
05:54
He told me that I made him feel
like his old self again.
like his old self again.
105
342200
3680
他跟我说我让他感觉做回了自己。
05:59
"Smart" in today's world
has become synonymous to high tech,
has become synonymous to high tech,
106
347120
4000
"智能" 现在和高科技
已经变成了同义词，
已经变成了同义词，
06:03
and the world is only getting
smarter and smarter day by day.
smarter and smarter day by day.
107
351960
3160
世界每一天都变得更加智能。
06:07
But why can't smart be something
that's simple and yet effective?
that's simple and yet effective?
108
355800
3680
但是为什么智能的东西不能是
简单而且有效的呢？
简单而且有效的呢？
06:12
All we need is a little bit of empathy
and some curiosity,
and some curiosity,
109
360320
3976
我们需要的只是同理心和好奇心，
06:16
to go out there, observe.
110
364320
2256
到现场观察。
06:18
But let's not stop at that.
111
366600
1896
但我们不要固步不前，
06:20
Let's find these complex problems.
Don't be scared of them.
Don't be scared of them.
112
368520
3656
让我们解决一些复杂的问题
而不是被它吓到。
而不是被它吓到。
06:24
Break them, boil them down
into much smaller problems,
into much smaller problems,
113
372200
3576
各个击破，把大问题打碎成
一个个小问题，
一个个小问题，
06:27
and then find simple solutions for them.
114
375800
2496
再找到小问题的答案。
06:30
Test these solutions, fail if needed,
115
378320
3016
尝试找到答案，如果失败了，
06:33
but with newer insights to make it better.
116
381360
2160
就用新的视角尝试更好的办法。
06:36
Imagine what we all could do
if we all came up with simple solutions.
if we all came up with simple solutions.
117
384240
4256
想象如果我们可以想到简单的解决方案
我们能做得多好。
我们能做得多好。
06:40
What would the world be like
if we combined all our simple solutions?
if we combined all our simple solutions?
118
388520
3480
如果我们把简单的方案连在一起
这个世界将会如何？
这个世界将会如何？
06:44
Let's make a smarter world,
but with simplicity.
but with simplicity.
119
392880
3016
让我们使用简单的方式，
让世界更智能。
让世界更智能。
06:47
Thank you.
120
395920
1216
谢谢。
06:49
(Applause)
121
397160
3040
（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mileha Soneji - Product designerMileha Soneji believes that having empathy and being able to put yourself in another person's shoes is what makes for great design.
Why you should listen
Mileha Soneji is a trained strategic product designer, originally hailing from the city of Pune in India. She currently works in the Netherlands as a strategist. Her work entails combining the fuzzy front-end of the design process with emerging technologies to answer the question of what needs to be designed in the future.
Even as a child, Mileha had a keen interest in (re)designing things around her, even though she had little knowledge about it as a profession. This led her to take up the Bachelor in Product Design at the MIT School of Design. After graduation, she got a couple of years of work experience in India, where she quickly realized that apart from the actual tangible design, a successful product needs a backbone of thorough research in user needs and market analysis. The need to study this further brought Mileha to Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands to study Strategic Product Design for her Masters.
Mileha Soneji | Speaker | TED.com