TEDGlobal 2009
Steve Truglia: A leap from the edge of space
史蒂夫·特鲁利亚计划进行史上最高的高空跳伞
Filmed:
Readability: 3.3
623,345 views
史蒂夫·特鲁利亚每天的工作是掀翻车辆，穿越火场，高空坠落---利用最新的科技把特效做得更大，更安全，更壮观。在2009年的TEDGlobal上，他讲述自己下一个让人兴奋不已的特技：尝试史上最高的跳伞，从太空的边缘跳下来。
Steve Truglia - Stuntman
Stuntman and record-setter Steve Truglia was a stunt coordinator, performer and action unit director in the UK. Full bio
Stuntman and record-setter Steve Truglia was a stunt coordinator, performer and action unit director in the UK. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:18
I'm extremely excited to be given the opportunity
0
0
3000
我非常激动，今天有机会
00:21
to come and speak to you today
1
3000
2000
在这里和大家谈谈
00:23
about what I consider to be
2
5000
2000
我认为是
00:25
the biggest stunt on Earth.
3
7000
3000
地球上最大型的特技。
00:28
Or perhaps not quite on Earth.
4
10000
2000
或许，不能算是在地球上。
00:30
A parachute jump from the very edge of space.
5
12000
4000
从太空的边缘处跳伞。
00:34
More about that a bit later on.
6
16000
2000
稍后再详谈这个。
00:36
What I'd like to do first is take you through
7
18000
2000
首先我想向你们展示
00:38
a very brief helicopter ride of stunts
8
20000
3000
一段简短的直升机特技，
00:41
and the stunts industry in the movies and in television,
9
23000
3000
并了解电影电视行业里的特技。
00:44
and show you how technology
10
26000
2000
向你们展示技术是如何
00:46
has started to interface with the physical skills
11
28000
2000
影响特技演员们的
00:48
of the stunt performer
12
30000
2000
身体技能，
00:50
in a way that makes the stunts bigger
13
32000
3000
并在某种程度上使得特效更宏大
00:53
and actually makes them safer than they've ever been before.
14
35000
4000
并确实让特技演员更比以往更安全。
00:57
I've been a professional stunt man for 13 years.
15
39000
3000
我从事专业特技已经13年。
01:00
I'm a stunt coordinator. And as well as perform stunts
16
42000
2000
我是个特技协调者，我也参与特技表演。
01:02
I often design them.
17
44000
2000
我常设计特技动作。
01:04
During that time, health and safety has become everything about my job.
18
46000
3000
在设计时，健康和安全是重中之重。
01:07
It's critical now that when a car crash happens
19
49000
4000
进行撞车特技时这非常重要。
01:11
it isn't just the stunt person we make safe, it's the crew.
20
53000
3000
我们不仅仅要保证特技演员本身的安全，还要保证整个特技组的安全。
01:14
We can't be killing camera men. We can't be killing stunt men.
21
56000
2000
我们不能杀死摄像师，我们不能杀死特技演员。
01:16
We can't be killing anybody or hurting anybody on set,
22
58000
2000
我们不能杀死或伤害在场的或是
01:18
or any passerby. So, safety is everything.
23
60000
3000
路过的任何人。因此安全就是一切。
01:21
But it wasn't always that way.
24
63000
3000
但以前并不是这样的。
01:24
In the old days of the silent movies --
25
66000
2000
过去那些无声电影的年代--
01:26
Harold Lloyd here, hanging famously from the clock hands --
26
68000
4000
比如哈罗德·劳埃德那著名的吊在时钟指针上的一幕--
01:30
a lot of these guys did their own stunts. They were quite remarkable.
27
72000
2000
这些人都有自己的特技。他们技艺非凡。
01:32
They had no safety, no real technology.
28
74000
3000
他们没有安全保护，没有借助什么真正的技术。
01:35
What safety they had was very scant.
29
77000
3000
他们的安全保护非常不充分。
01:38
This is the first stunt woman,
30
80000
2000
这是第一个做特技演员的女人，
01:40
Rosie Venger, an amazing woman.
31
82000
2000
罗西·文格尔，一位非常了不起的女性。
01:42
You can see from the slide, very very strong.
32
84000
2000
你可以从幻灯片中看出，她非常非常强壮。
01:44
She really paved the way
33
86000
2000
她真的是给后人铺了路，
01:46
at a time when nobody was doing stunts, let alone women.
34
88000
2000
当时没人做特技演员，更别说是女性了。
01:48
My favorite and a real hero of mine is Yakima Canutt.
35
90000
4000
我个人最崇拜的英雄是亚基马·坎纳特。
01:52
Yakima Canutt really formed the stunt fight.
36
94000
4000
亚基马·坎纳特确实促成了特技打斗。
01:56
He worked with John Wayne and most of those old punch-ups you see
37
98000
3000
他和约翰·韦恩一起合作，在多数你们在西方电影中看到老式打斗场景里
01:59
in the Westerns. Yakima was either there or he stunt coordinated.
38
101000
3000
亚基马不是参与其中，就是协调特技。
02:02
This is a screen capture from "Stagecoach,"
39
104000
2000
这是“关山飞渡”中的一幕
02:04
where Yakima Canutt is doing one of the most dangerous stunts I've ever seen.
40
106000
4000
亚基马·坎纳特正在做我所见过的最危险的特技。
02:08
There is no safety, no back support,
41
110000
2000
当时没有安全措施，没有护腰，
02:10
no pads, no crash mats, no sand pits in the ground.
42
112000
3000
没垫子，没缓冲垫，地面也没有沙坑。
02:13
That's one of the most dangerous horse stunts, certainly.
43
115000
3000
这当然是最危险的马特技之一。
02:16
Talking of dangerous stunts and bringing things slightly up to date,
44
118000
3000
谈到特技的危险性，我们来聊聊目前的状况，
02:19
some of the most dangerous stunts we do as stunt people are fire stunts.
45
121000
4000
我们做的最危险的特技之一就是与火有关的特技。
02:23
We couldn't do them without technology.
46
125000
2000
没有科技的支持我们根本无法做到。
02:25
These are particularly dangerous
47
127000
2000
这些特技尤其危险
02:27
because there is no mask on my face.
48
129000
2000
因为脸上没有戴面罩。
02:29
They were done for a photo shoot. One for the Sun newspaper,
49
131000
2000
这些特技是为了照片拍摄，一组是为了太阳报，
02:31
one for FHM magazine.
50
133000
2000
一组是为了男人帮杂志。
02:33
Highly dangerous, but also you'll notice
51
135000
2000
高度危险，但你也许注意到了，
02:35
it doesn't look as though I'm wearing anything underneath the suit.
52
137000
2000
看起来我的衣服下似乎也没有穿什么保护的东西。
02:37
The fire suits of old, the bulky suits, the thick woolen suits,
53
139000
3000
那些老式的，厚重的毛料防护服，
02:40
have been replaced with modern materials
54
142000
3000
都被现代的材料所取代了
02:43
like Nomex or, more recently, Carbonex --
55
145000
3000
比如Nomex纤维，或者最新的碳纤维。
02:46
fantastic materials that enable us as stunt professionals
56
148000
2000
这些奇特的材料可以让我们这些特技专业者们
02:48
to burn for longer, look more spectacular, and in pure safety.
57
150000
4000
在火中烧得更久，看起来也更壮观，而且非常安全。
02:52
Here's a bit more.
58
154000
4000
这儿还有些例子。
02:56
There's a guy with a flame thrower there, giving me what for.
59
158000
3000
这里有个人拿着喷火器，对着我喷火。
02:59
One of the things that a stuntman often does,
60
161000
2000
特技者们经常要做的特技之一，
03:01
and you'll see it every time in the big movies,
61
163000
2000
就是你们会在大片中看到的，
03:03
is be blown through the air.
62
165000
2000
被炸飞到半空。
03:05
Well, we used to use trampettes. In the old days, that's all they had.
63
167000
3000
我们以前用的是绷床。过去人们只有这个。
03:08
And that's a ramp. Spring off the thing and fly through the air,
64
170000
2000
就是一个斜面，把人弹出去，飞到半空。
03:10
and hopefully you make it look good.
65
172000
2000
并希望能靠那个飞得好看一些。
03:12
Now we've got technology. This thing is called an air ram.
66
174000
3000
现在我们有了科技。这东西叫空气冲压器。
03:15
It's a frightening piece of equipment for the novice stunt performer,
67
177000
3000
对于特技演员新手来说这是个可怕的装置。
03:18
because it will break your legs very, very quickly
68
180000
2000
因为如果你以不正确方式踩上它
03:20
if you land on it wrong.
69
182000
2000
会很快把腿摔断。
03:22
Having said that, it works with compressed nitrogen.
70
184000
3000
说到这个，它是以压缩氮气做为动力。
03:25
And that's in the up position. When you step on it,
71
187000
2000
这是启动的位置。当你踩上它，
03:27
either by remote control or with the pressure of your foot,
72
189000
2000
或者用遥控器，或者用脚给它施加压力，
03:29
it will fire you, depending on the gas pressure,
73
191000
2000
它就会把你弹射出去，取决于气体的压力，
03:31
anything from five feet to 30 feet.
74
193000
3000
弹射的高度从5英尺到30英尺。
03:34
I could, quite literally, fire myself into the gallery.
75
196000
4000
我能像这样把自己弹射到长廊那儿。
03:38
Which I'm sure you wouldn't want.
76
200000
2000
我可能你们不想看到我这么做。
03:40
Not today.
77
202000
2000
今天不行。
03:42
Car stunts are another area
78
204000
2000
汽车特技是另一个领域，
03:44
where technology and engineering
79
206000
2000
其中科技和工程的
03:46
advances have made life easier for us, and safer.
80
208000
3000
发展使我们进行特技是更容易更安全。
03:49
We can do bigger car stunts than ever before now.
81
211000
2000
现在我们能进行比以往更大型的汽车特技。
03:51
Being run over is never easy.
82
213000
2000
被汽车碾过绝不轻松。
03:53
That's an old-fashioned, hard, gritty, physical stunt.
83
215000
3000
这是个老式的，有难度的，需要坚韧不拔的精神的身体特技。
03:56
But we have padding, and fantastic shock-absorbing things like Sorbothane --
84
218000
4000
但我们有保护垫和神奇的振动吸收材料，比如Sorbothane。
04:00
the materials that help us, when we're hit like this,
85
222000
3000
这种材料帮助我们在被击中时，像这样，
04:03
not to hurt ourselves too much.
86
225000
2000
不会受到太大伤害。
04:05
The picture in the bottom right-hand corner there
87
227000
3000
这张右下角的图片
04:08
is of some crash test dummy work that I was doing.
88
230000
2000
是我曾做过的碰撞试验。
04:10
Showing how stunts work in different areas, really.
89
232000
3000
显示如何在不同实际区域进行特技。
04:13
And testing breakaway signpost pillars.
90
235000
3000
并测试撞击路标支柱。
04:16
A company makes a Lattix pillar, which is a network,
91
238000
2000
一家公司制作了一个Lattix支柱。它是网状结构，
04:18
a lattice-type pillar that collapses when it's hit.
92
240000
3000
格子式的支柱，受到撞击时它会倒塌。
04:21
The car on the left drove into the steel pillar.
93
243000
3000
这辆车从左侧撞向这个钢制支柱。
04:24
And you can't see it from there, but the engine was in the driver's lap.
94
246000
3000
你从那儿看不到，但引擎在驾驶者的膝部。
04:27
They did it by remote control.
95
249000
2000
他们用遥控操作。
04:29
I drove the other one at 60 miles an hour, exactly the same speed,
96
251000
3000
我以60英里的时速驾驶另一辆车，与另一辆完全一样的速度，
04:32
and clearly walked away from it.
97
254000
3000
并准确的驶离它。
04:35
Rolling a car over is another area where we use technology.
98
257000
3000
让一辆汽车翻转是另一个我们运用了科技力量的领域。
04:38
We used to have to drive up a ramp, and we still do sometimes.
99
260000
3000
过去我们开向一个斜坡。现在有时我们也这么做。
04:41
But now we have a compressed nitrogen cannon.
100
263000
3000
但现在我们有压缩氮气炮。
04:44
You can just see, underneath the car, there is a black rod on the floor
101
266000
2000
你能看到，在另一辆车的轮子边的地面上
04:46
by the wheel of the other car.
102
268000
2000
有一个黑色棒状物。
04:48
That's the piston that was fired out of the floor.
103
270000
2000
这是发射出的活塞。
04:50
We can flip lorries, coaches, buses, anything over
104
272000
3000
我们可以让货车、旅游车、公交车及任何车辆翻转，
04:53
with a nitrogen cannon with enough power. (Laughs)
105
275000
4000
只要氮气炮有足够的力量。
04:57
It's a great job, really. (Laughter)
106
279000
3000
这确实是个很棒的工作。
05:00
It's such fun!
107
282000
2000
我们乐在其中！
05:02
You should hear
108
284000
2000
（笑声）
05:04
some of the phone conversations that I have with people
109
286000
2000
你们应该听听我在商店中用我的蓝牙耳机
05:06
on my Bluetooth in the shop.
110
288000
2000
与人进行的电话通话。
05:08
"Well, we can flip the bus over, we can have it burst into flames,
111
290000
2000
“好的，我们能让公交车翻过来，我们能让它爆裂起火，
05:10
and how about someone, you know, big explosion."
112
292000
2000
接着在来一次大爆炸，怎么样。“
05:12
And people are looking like this ...
113
294000
2000
而周围的人们这样看着我...
05:14
(Laughs)
114
296000
1000
（笑声）
05:15
I sort of forget how bizarre some of those conversations are.
115
297000
3000
我都没意识到这样的对话有多奇怪。
05:18
The next thing that I'd like to show you is something that
116
300000
2000
接下来我想展示给你们的是，
05:20
Dunlop asked me to do earlier this year
117
302000
2000
今年初邓洛普要我在
05:22
with our Channel Five's "Fifth Gear Show."
118
304000
2000
第五频道的节目“第五档”中做的。
05:24
A loop-the-loop, biggest in the world.
119
306000
2000
一个翻车特技，世界上最难的。
05:26
Only one person had ever done it before.
120
308000
2000
只有一个人之前曾做到过。
05:28
Now, the stuntman solution to this in the old days would be,
121
310000
2000
昔日特技演员对这一特技的解决方案是，
05:30
"Let's hit this as fast as possible. 60 miles an hour.
122
312000
3000
“让我们尽可能快的撞过去。六十英里的时速。
05:33
Let's just go for it. Foot flat to the floor."
123
315000
2000
我们只管冲过去。紧贴着地面。“
05:35
Well, you'd die if you did that.
124
317000
2000
如果你真这么做了，那就死定了。
05:37
We went to Cambridge University, the other university,
125
319000
2000
我们去了剑桥大学和另一所大学，
05:39
and spoke to a Doctor of Mechanical Engineering there,
126
321000
4000
请教了那儿的一位机械工程博士，
05:43
a physicist who taught us that it had to be 37 miles an hour.
127
325000
3000
一位物理学家告诉我们，必须以37英里的时速驾驶。
05:46
Even then, I caught seven G
128
328000
2000
即使这样我承受了7G的重力，
05:48
and lost a bit of consciousness on the way in.
129
330000
3000
并在过程中短暂的失去了意识。
05:51
That's a long way to fall, if you get it wrong. That was just about right.
130
333000
3000
如果你做错了，这将是个漫长的降落过程。一定要正确无误。
05:54
So again, science helps us, and with the engineering too --
131
336000
3000
所以，科学再一次帮助了我们。工程也再次帮助了我们。
05:57
the modifications to the car and the wheel.
132
339000
2000
对车辆和轮胎进行了改装。
05:59
High falls, they're old fashioned stunts.
133
341000
2000
从高处坠落，是老式的特技。
06:01
What's interesting about high falls
134
343000
2000
高空坠落的有趣之处在于，
06:03
is that although we use airbags,
135
345000
2000
尽管我们使用了气囊，
06:05
and some airbags are quite advanced,
136
347000
3000
而有些气囊，你知道，非常的先进，
06:08
they're designed so you don't slip off the side like you used to,
137
350000
2000
它们经过良好设计，因此如果你着陆时出了点差错，
06:10
if you land a bit wrong. So, they're a much safer proposition.
138
352000
2000
也不会像以往一样从侧面滑落。因此这是个让我们更安全的建议。
06:12
Just basically though, it is a basic piece of equipment.
139
354000
4000
虽然很基础，它是项基础的设备。
06:16
It's a bouncy castle
140
358000
2000
它是个充气城堡
06:18
with slats in the side to allow the air to escape.
141
360000
2000
在它侧面有百叶板，使得空气可以溢出。
06:20
That's all it is, a bouncy castle.
142
362000
2000
这就是它，一个充气城堡。
06:22
That's the only reason we do it. See, it's all fun, this job.
143
364000
3000
这是我们从事这项工作的唯一原因。看这工作的所有乐趣。
06:25
What's interesting is we still use cardboard boxes.
144
367000
3000
有趣的是，我们仍然在使用纸箱。
06:28
They used to use cardboard boxes years ago and we still use them.
145
370000
3000
多年前我们就在使用纸箱，现在我们仍在使用。
06:31
And that's interesting because they are almost retrospective.
146
373000
2000
有趣的是纸箱几乎是可以重复利用的。
06:33
They're great for catching you, up to certain heights.
147
375000
3000
它们能很好的接住从一定高度上坠落的你。
06:36
And on the other side of the fence,
148
378000
2000
而另一方面，
06:38
that physical art, the physical performance of the stuntman,
149
380000
4000
身体的艺术，特技演员的身体表演，
06:42
has interfaced with the very highest
150
384000
3000
与信息技术和软件行业
06:45
technology in I.T. and in software.
151
387000
4000
有着非常紧密的联系。
06:49
Not the cardboard box, but the green screen.
152
391000
3000
不是纸箱，而是绿屏。
06:52
This is a shot of "Terminator," the movie.
153
394000
3000
这是电影终结者中的一幕。
06:55
Two stunt guys doing what I consider to be a rather benign stunt.
154
397000
3000
两名特技演员正在表演，我认为这是比较温和的特技。
06:58
It's 30 feet. It's water. It's very simple.
155
400000
2000
30英尺高，下面是水，这非常简单。
07:00
With the green screen we can put any background in the world on it,
156
402000
3000
有了绿屏，我们能把世界上的任何背景放在后面，
07:03
moving or still,
157
405000
2000
移动的或是静止的都可以。
07:05
and I can assure you, nowadays you can't see the joint.
158
407000
4000
我向你们保证，如今你们看不出连接处。
07:09
This is a parachutist with another parachutist doing exactly the same thing.
159
411000
2000
这是名跳伞运动员和另一名跳伞运动员坐着完全相同的动作。
07:11
Completely in the safety of a studio,
160
413000
3000
完全在安全的工作室内，
07:14
and yet with the green screen we can have some moving image that a skydiver took,
161
416000
3000
而通过使用绿屏，我们能在跳伞者后放上些移动的画面，
07:17
and put in the sky moving and the clouds whizzing by.
162
419000
4000
放些移动的天空和呼啸而过的云彩。
07:21
Decelerator rigs and wires, we use them a lot.
163
423000
3000
减速装置和钢丝。我们大量使用它们。
07:24
We fly people on wires, like this.
164
426000
2000
我们让人吊在钢丝飞舞，像这样。
07:26
This guy is not skydiving. He's being flown like a kite,
165
428000
2000
这家伙不是在跳伞。他是像个风筝那样在飞翔，
07:28
or moved around like a kite.
166
430000
3000
或者说像个风筝那样四处移动。
07:31
And this is a Guinness World Record attempt.
167
433000
3000
这是项吉尼斯世界纪录的尝试。
07:34
They asked me to open their 50th anniversary show in 2004.
168
436000
4000
他们让我在2004年他们的50周年庆上做开幕表演。
07:38
And again, technology meant that I could do the fastest abseil over 100 meters,
169
440000
4000
而再一次，科技让我能够以最快速的缘绳下降超过100米，
07:42
and stop within a couple of feet of the ground
170
444000
2000
并在离地面几英尺的时停下，
07:44
without melting the rope with the friction,
171
446000
2000
而绳索没有因摩擦而融化，
07:46
because of the alloys I used in the descender device.
172
448000
3000
而这是由于我的减速装置使用的合金。
07:49
And that's Centre Point in London.
173
451000
2000
这是伦敦的市中心。
07:51
We brought Oxford Street and Tottenham Court Road to a standstill.
174
453000
3000
我们让牛津街和图腾汉厅路陷入停顿。
07:54
Helicopter stunts are always fun,
175
456000
2000
直升机特技总是非常有乐趣，
07:56
hanging out of them, whatever.
176
458000
3000
悬挂在直升机外面，无论是什么都很有趣。
07:59
And aerial stunts. No aerial stunt would be the same without skydiving.
177
461000
4000
空中特技。没什么空中特技能像跳伞这样。
08:03
Which brings us quite nicely to why I'm really here today:
178
465000
3000
它带给我们非常美妙的感觉，这是我今天在这儿演讲的原因。
08:06
Project Space Jump.
179
468000
2000
太空跳伞计划。
08:08
In 1960, Joseph Kittenger of the United States Air Force
180
470000
3000
在1960年，美国空军的约瑟夫·基廷格
08:11
did the most spectacular thing.
181
473000
3000
做过最让人惊叹的事。
08:14
He did a jump from 100,000 feet, 102,000 to be precise,
182
476000
3000
他从10万英尺高跳下，准确的说是10万零两千英尺。
08:17
and he did it to test high altitude systems
183
479000
3000
他这么做事为了军队飞行员
08:20
for military pilots
184
482000
2000
测试高海拔系统，
08:22
in the new range of aircraft that were going up to 80,000 feet or so.
185
484000
3000
新型飞行器能达到大约8万英尺的高度。
08:25
And I'd just like to show you a little footage
186
487000
2000
我想向你们展示一小段镜头，
08:27
of what he did back then.
187
489000
2000
看看他当时做了什么。
08:29
And just how brave he was in 1960, bear in mind.
188
491000
5000
看看1960年时他有多么勇敢，并请铭记于心。
08:34
Project Excelsior, it was called.
189
496000
1000
这被称为Excelsior计划。
08:35
There were three jumps.
190
497000
2000
一共有三跳，
08:37
They first dropped some dummies.
191
499000
4000
他们先扔下假人。
08:41
So that's the balloon, big gas balloon.
192
503000
2000
这就是那个气球，大氢气球。
08:43
It's that shape because the helium has to expand.
193
505000
3000
它呈这个形状是由于氦气的膨胀。
08:46
My balloon will expand to 500 times
194
508000
3000
我的气球将膨胀500倍，
08:49
and look like a big pumpkin when it's at the top.
195
511000
2000
当上到顶部时它会看起来像个大南瓜。
08:51
These are the dummies being dropped from 100,000 feet,
196
513000
2000
这是被从十万英尺高扔下的假人。
08:53
and there is the camera that's strapped to them.
197
515000
2000
这是在它们身上绑着的摄像头。
08:55
You can clearly see the curvature of the Earth at that kind of altitude.
198
517000
4000
你能清晰的看到在这一高度时的地球的曲线。
08:59
And I'm planning to go from 120,000 feet,
199
521000
3000
我计划从12万英尺起跳。
09:02
which is about 22 miles.
200
524000
2000
大约22英里。
09:04
You're in a near vacuum in that environment,
201
526000
2000
位于一个几乎真空的环境中。
09:06
which is in minus 50 degrees.
202
528000
3000
零下50度。
09:09
So it's an extremely hostile place to be.
203
531000
2000
因此这是个极度危险的地方。
09:11
This is Joe Kittenger himself.
204
533000
2000
这是约瑟夫·基廷格本人。
09:13
Bear in mind, ladies and gents, this was 1960.
205
535000
2000
别忘了，女士们先生们，这是1960年。
09:15
He didn't know if he would live or die. This is an extremely brave man.
206
537000
3000
他不知道是否能够生还。这是个极其勇敢的男人。
09:18
I spoke with him on the phone a few months ago.
207
540000
3000
几个月前我与他通过电话。
09:21
He's a very humble and wonderful human being.
208
543000
2000
他是个非常谦逊和美妙的人。
09:23
He sent me an email, saying, "If you get this thing off the ground
209
545000
4000
他给我发了封email，说到，“如果打算做这件事，
09:27
I wish you all the best." And he signed it, "Happy landings,"
210
549000
3000
我祝你一切顺利。“他写道“祝着陆愉快。”
09:30
which I thought was quite lovely.
211
552000
2000
我觉得这很可爱。
09:32
He's in his 80s and he lives in Florida. He's a tremendous guy.
212
554000
2000
他现在80多岁，住在佛罗里达。他是个了不起的家伙。
09:34
This is him in a pressure suit.
213
556000
2000
这是他身着压力服。
09:36
Now one of the challenges of going up to altitude is
214
558000
3000
目前上升到这样的高度的挑战之一是
09:39
when you get to 30,000 feet -- it's great, isn't it? --
215
561000
3000
当你到达3万英尺时--这非常高，不是么？--
09:42
When you get to 30,000 feet you can really only use oxygen.
216
564000
4000
当到达3万英尺时，你真的只能依靠氧气瓶了。
09:46
Above 30,000 feet up to nearly 50,000 feet,
217
568000
3000
从3万英尺到接近5万英尺时
09:49
you need pressure breathing, which is where you're wearing a G suit.
218
571000
3000
你需要加压呼吸，这时需要穿着重力服。
09:52
This is him in his old rock-and-roll jeans there,
219
574000
3000
这是他穿着他的就摇滚牛仔服，
09:55
pushing him in, those turned up jeans.
220
577000
2000
把他推进去，卷起牛仔服。
09:57
You need a pressure suit.
221
579000
2000
你需要一套压力服。
09:59
You need a pressure breathing system
222
581000
2000
需要一套有加压呼吸系统
10:01
with a G suit that squeezes you, that helps you to breathe in
223
583000
2000
的重力服来挤压你，这能帮助你吸气，
10:03
and helps you to exhale.
224
585000
2000
帮你呼气。
10:05
Above 50,000 feet you need a space suit, a pressure suit.
225
587000
4000
在5万英尺以上，你需要一套太空服，一套压力服。
10:09
Certainly at 100,000 feet no aircraft will fly.
226
591000
4000
当然，在10万英尺高，没有飞行器能飞行。
10:13
Not even a jet engine.
227
595000
2000
即使有喷气式引擎也不行。
10:15
It needs to be rocket-powered or one of these things,
228
597000
2000
这需要有火箭的动力，或是这类装置，
10:17
a great big gas balloon.
229
599000
3000
一个巨大的氢气球。
10:20
It took me a while; it took me years to find the right balloon team
230
602000
3000
这让我花了些时间，我花了几年时间才找到合适的气球团队
10:23
to build the balloon that would do this job.
231
605000
2000
来建造能完成这项工作的气球。
10:25
I've found that team in America now.
232
607000
3000
我是在美国找到这个团队的。
10:28
And it's made of polyethylene, so it's very thin.
233
610000
2000
气球是由聚乙烯组成，因此它非常轻。
10:30
We will have two balloons for each of my test jumps,
234
612000
3000
我们将为我每次试跳制作两个气球。
10:33
and two balloons for the main jump, because they
235
615000
2000
正式跳的时候也会有两个气球，因为
10:35
notoriously tear on takeoff.
236
617000
2000
它们有在起飞时爆裂的臭名。
10:37
They're just so, so delicate.
237
619000
2000
他们实在是太脆弱了。
10:39
This is the step off. He's written on that thing,
238
621000
2000
这是起跳台。他在那上面写道，
10:41
"The highest step in the world."
239
623000
2000
“世界上最高的跳台。”
10:43
And what must that feel like?
240
625000
2000
这是什么样的感觉?
10:45
I'm excited and I'm scared,
241
627000
3000
我很兴奋也很害怕。
10:48
both at the same time in equal measures.
242
630000
2000
两者同时存在，平分秋色。
10:50
And this is the camera that he had on him as he tumbled
243
632000
3000
这是在他的阻力伞打开保持他的稳定之前，
10:53
before his drogue chute opened to stabilize him.
244
635000
3000
他随身携带的摄像机拍摄的画面。
10:56
A drogue chute is just a smaller chute which helps to keep your face down.
245
638000
3000
阻力伞发射器是一个小装置，用来帮助你保持脸部朝下。
10:59
You can just see them there, popping open.
246
641000
2000
你能看到它们弹出张开。
11:01
Those are the drogue chutes. He had three of them.
247
643000
3000
这是阻力伞发射器。他带了三个。
11:04
I did quite a lot of research.
248
646000
3000
我做了很多研究。
11:07
And you'll see in a second there, he comes back down to the floor.
249
649000
4000
你会看到，他在一瞬间就回到了地面。
11:11
Now just to give you some perspective of this balloon,
250
653000
4000
现在向你们展示一些这气球的远景画面，
11:15
the little black dots are people.
251
657000
2000
那些小黑点是人。
11:17
It's hundreds of feet high. It's enormous.
252
659000
2000
它有数百英尺高。非常巨大。
11:19
That's in New Mexico.
253
661000
2000
这是新墨西哥。
11:21
That's the U.S. Air Force Museum.
254
663000
2000
美国空军博物馆。
11:23
And they've made a dummy of him. That's exactly what it looked like.
255
665000
2000
他们照着他的样子做了个假人。看起来非常逼真。
11:25
My gondola will be more simple than that.
256
667000
3000
我的吊舱要比这个简单。
11:28
It's a three sided box, basically.
257
670000
2000
基本上，它就是个三面的盒子。
11:30
So I've had to do quite a lot of training.
258
672000
2000
因此我不得不进行了大量的训练。
11:32
This is Morocco last year in the Atlas mountains,
259
674000
2000
这是去年在摩洛哥的阿特拉斯山脉，
11:34
training in preparation for some high altitude jumps.
260
676000
3000
为高空跳伞做些准备训练。
11:37
This is what the view is going to be like
261
679000
2000
这就是我在9万英尺高时
11:39
at 90,000 feet for me.
262
681000
2000
将看到的景色。
11:41
Now you may think this is just
263
683000
2000
现在你也许会认为这只是
11:43
a thrill-seeking trip, a pleasure ride,
264
685000
2000
一个寻求刺激的旅程，一段开心之旅，
11:45
just the world's biggest stunt.
265
687000
3000
仅仅是世界上最大的特技表演。
11:48
Well there's a little bit more to it than that.
266
690000
2000
而这并不仅止于此。
11:50
Trying to find a space suit to do this
267
692000
3000
为了找到合适的太空服，
11:53
has led me to an area of technology
268
695000
3000
我进入了一个我从未预料过
11:56
that I never really expected when I set about doing this.
269
698000
4000
会进入的科技领域。
12:00
I contacted a company in the States
270
702000
2000
我联系了国内的一家
12:02
who make suits for NASA.
271
704000
2000
为NASA制作太空服的公司。
12:04
That's a current suit. This was me last year with their chief engineer.
272
706000
3000
这是目前的太空服。去年我与他们的总工程师一起。
12:07
That suit would cost me about a million and a half dollars.
273
709000
4000
这件太空服要花掉我大约150万美元。
12:11
And it weighs 300 pounds and you can't skydive in it.
274
713000
3000
它有300磅重，穿着它根本无法跳伞。
12:14
So I've been stuck. For the past 15 years I've been trying to find a space suit
275
716000
2000
我在这儿困住了。在过去的15年里，我不断的寻找符合要求的太空服，
12:16
that would do this job, or someone that will make one.
276
718000
3000
或是能做这样的太空服的人。
12:19
Something revolutionary happened
277
721000
2000
前一阵，革命性的进展出现了，
12:21
a little while ago, at the same facility.
278
723000
3000
就在同一间工厂。
12:24
That's the prototype of the parachute. I've now had them custom make one,
279
726000
3000
这是降落伞的原型。我现在定做了一套。
12:27
the only one of its kind in the world. And that's the only suit of its kind in the world.
280
729000
3000
这是世界上这类产品的唯一一件。世界上这里产品的唯一一套。
12:30
It was made by a Russian that's designed
281
732000
2000
它由一名俄罗斯人设计，
12:32
most of the suits of the past
282
734000
2000
在过去18年里他为苏联
12:34
18 years for the Soviets.
283
736000
3000
设计太空服。
12:37
He left the company because he saw,
284
739000
2000
他离开了公司，因为他与其他
12:39
as some other people in the space suit industry,
285
741000
2000
太空服工业中的一些人一样，
12:41
an emerging market for space suits for space tourists.
286
743000
3000
看到了为太空游客提供太空服的新兴市场。
12:44
You know if you are in an aircraft at 30,000 feet
287
746000
2000
要知道，如果你在3万英尺高的飞行器中
12:46
and the cabin depressurizes, you can have oxygen.
288
748000
2000
机舱开始减压，你能获得氧气。
12:48
If you're at 100,000 feet you die.
289
750000
2000
如果你在10万英尺高就必死无疑了。
12:50
In six seconds you've lost consciousness. In 10 seconds you're dead.
290
752000
3000
在六秒内就会失去意识，十秒内就会死亡。
12:53
Your blood tries to boil. It's called vaporization.
291
755000
2000
血液开始沸腾。这被称为气化。
12:55
The body swells up. It's awful.
292
757000
2000
身体开始膨胀。太可怕了。
12:57
And so we expect -- it's not much fun.
293
759000
4000
因此我们期望--不是那么有趣。
13:01
We expect, and others expect,
294
763000
3000
我们期望的，其他人期望的，
13:04
that perhaps the FAA, the CAA
295
766000
2000
美国联邦航空局，民航局也许会
13:06
might say, "You need to put someone in a suit
296
768000
2000
说，“你需要让人穿上与飞行器
13:08
that's not inflated, that's connected to the aircraft."
297
770000
3000
连接在一起的非充气的太空服。
13:11
Then they're comfortable, they have good vision, like this great big visor.
298
773000
3000
它们很舒适，有良好的视野，像这个大面罩。
13:14
And then if the cabin depressurizes
299
776000
2000
而如果机舱开始减压
13:16
while the aircraft is coming back down,
300
778000
2000
而飞行器开始下降，
13:18
in whatever emergency measures, everyone is okay.
301
780000
2000
有了这些紧急设施，大家都会安心。
13:20
I would like to bring Costa on, if he's here,
302
782000
3000
如果科斯塔在的话，我想让他上台来。
13:23
to show you the only one of its kind in the world.
303
785000
3000
像你们展示世界上唯一的一件。
13:26
I was going to wear it,
304
788000
2000
我会穿上它。
13:28
but I thought I'd get Costa to do it, my lovely assistant.
305
790000
2000
但我想我会让科斯塔来穿，他是我可爱的助手。
13:30
Thank you. He's very hot. Thank you, Costa.
306
792000
5000
谢谢。他很性感。谢谢你科斯塔。
13:35
This is the communication headset you'll see
307
797000
3000
这是通信耳机，
13:38
on lots of space suits.
308
800000
2000
你会在许多太空服上看到。
13:40
It's a two-layer suit. NASA suits have got 13 layers.
309
802000
4000
这是两层的太空服。NASA的太空服有13层。
13:44
This is a very lightweight suit. It weighs about 15 pounds.
310
806000
4000
它非常轻。大约有15磅。
13:48
It's next to nothing. Especially designed for me.
311
810000
2000
它几乎没什么重量。特别为我设计的。
13:50
It's a working prototype. I will use it for all the jumps.
312
812000
2000
这是个工作原型。我将穿着它进行所有的跳伞。
13:52
Would you just give us a little twirl, please, Costa?
313
814000
3000
科斯塔请稍微转个圈好么？
13:55
Thank you very much.
314
817000
2000
非常感谢
13:57
And it doesn't look far different when it's inflated,
315
819000
2000
它充气以后看起来跟这差不多。
13:59
as you can see from the picture down there.
316
821000
2000
你能在下面的图片中看到。
14:01
I've even skydived in it in a wind tunnel,
317
823000
3000
我甚至穿着它在风洞中跳伞。
14:04
which means that I can practice everything I need to practice, in safety,
318
826000
3000
这意味着在我进行任何跳伞之前，我可以安全的
14:07
before I ever jump out of anything. Thanks very much, Costa.
319
829000
2000
进行任何所需的练习。非常感谢，科斯塔。
14:09
(Applause)
320
831000
4000
（掌声）
14:13
Ladies and gentlemen, that's just about it from me.
321
835000
2000
女士们先生们，这些就是我要说的。
14:15
The status of my mission at the moment
322
837000
2000
我的计划目前的状态是，
14:17
is it still needs a major sponsor.
323
839000
2000
它仍然需要一个主赞助人。
14:19
I'm confident that we'll find one.
324
841000
2000
我坚信我们能找到。
14:21
I think it's a great challenge.
325
843000
2000
我认为这是项巨大的挑战。
14:23
And I hope that you will agree with me,
326
845000
2000
我希望你们同意我的看法，
14:25
it is the greatest stunt on Earth.
327
847000
3000
这是地球上最大的特技表演。
14:28
Thank you very much for your time.
328
850000
2000
非常感谢各位来听我的演讲。
14:30
(Applause)
329
852000
1000
（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Steve Truglia - StuntmanStuntman and record-setter Steve Truglia was a stunt coordinator, performer and action unit director in the UK.
Why you should listen
Steve Truglia became a professional stuntman in 1996, after two decades as a reservist in the UK Special Forces. Outside of his stunt work in TV and movies, Truglia developed a nice line in jaw-dropping records. In 2002, he became the UK's deepest freediver, performing a hold-your-breath dive to 76 meters. In 2004, he set the Guinness World Record for the fastest abseil over 100 meters, covering the distance in 8.9 seconds. And (ouch) he holds the unofficial UK Full Body Burn fire record of 2 mins and 5 secs. Truglia died in November 2016 while attempting an abseil race from a helicopter above Wolong National Nature Reserve in China.
Steve Truglia | Speaker | TED.com