TEDWomen 2017
Deanna Van Buren: What a world without prisons could look like
狄安娜凡布蘭: 沒有監獄的世界是什麼樣子
Filmed:
Readability: 4.2
1,065,833 views
狄安娜凡布蘭設計修復式正式中心，不採用以大規模監禁為中心的慣用懲罰方式，反而將犯罪視為是關係的破壞，而正義是一個修復的過程；在這個過程中，所有的利害關係人要聚集在一起，修復這破壞的關係。有著被監禁的男女提供點子和協助，凡布蘭創造出了動態空間，提供安全地點供對談及和解之用，提供職業訓練，也提供社會服務，來在一開始就幫助大家不要進入司法體制中。凡布蘭說：「想像一個沒有監獄的世界。」「加入我，一同創造各種能取代監獄的東西。」
Deanna Van Buren - Activist, architect, artist
Deanna Van Buren is an architect who designs spaces for peacemaking, inside and out. Full bio
Deanna Van Buren is an architect who designs spaces for peacemaking, inside and out. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
A lot of people call me
a "justice architect."
a "justice architect."
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很多人稱我為「正義建築師」
00:18
But I don't design prisons.
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但我不設計監獄。
00:21
I don't design jails.
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我不設計監牢。
00:23
I don't design detention centers,
and I don't even design courthouses.
and I don't even design courthouses.
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我不設計拘留所，
我甚至不設計法院。
我甚至不設計法院。
00:28
All the same, I get a call every week,
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我仍然每週都會接到一通電話，
00:32
saying, "OK, but you design
better prisons, right?
better prisons, right?
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說：「好，但你會設計
更好的監牢，對嗎？
更好的監牢，對嗎？
00:37
You know, like those pretty ones
they're building in Europe."
they're building in Europe."
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就像他們在歐洲建造的
那種漂亮監獄。」
那種漂亮監獄。」
00:40
And I always pause.
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我總是會停頓。
00:43
And I invite them,
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我會邀請他們，
00:45
and I invite you today,
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今天我也邀請各位，
00:47
to imagine a world without prisons.
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想像一個沒有監獄的世界。
00:51
What does that justice feel and look like?
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正義感覺起來、
看起來，會是怎樣的？
看起來，會是怎樣的？
00:55
What do we need to build to get there?
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我們要建造什麼，才能達成它？
00:59
I'd like to show you some ideas today
of things that we're building.
of things that we're building.
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今天我想展示給各位一些想法，
是我們正在建造的東西。
是我們正在建造的東西。
01:03
And I'm going to start
with an early prototype.
with an early prototype.
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我要從一個早期的原型開始。
01:06
This I built when I was five.
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這是我五歲時建造的。
01:08
I call it "the healing hut."
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我稱它為「療癒小屋」。
01:11
And I built it after I got
sent home from school
sent home from school
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我被一個孩子稱為呆子，
所以我打了他的臉，
所以我打了他的臉，
01:14
for punching this kid in the face
because he called me the N-word.
because he called me the N-word.
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學校把我送回家，
之後我就建造了這小屋。
之後我就建造了這小屋。
01:18
OK, he deserved it.
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是他活該。
01:20
It happened a lot, though,
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不過，這種事常常發生，
01:22
because my family had desegregated
a white community in rural Virginia.
a white community in rural Virginia.
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因為我的家庭消除了維吉尼亞郊區
一個白人社區中的種族隔離。
一個白人社區中的種族隔離。
01:28
And I was really scared.
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而我嚇壞了。
01:30
I was afraid.
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我很害怕。
01:32
I was angry.
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我很憤怒。
01:34
And so I would run into the forest,
and I would build these little huts.
and I would build these little huts.
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我會跑到森林裡然後建造這些小屋。
01:37
They were made out of twigs and leaves
and blankets I had taken from my mom.
and blankets I had taken from my mom.
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它們的建材是樹枝、樹葉，
以及我從我媽媽那裡拿來的毛毯。
以及我從我媽媽那裡拿來的毛毯。
01:42
And as the light would stream
into my refuge,
into my refuge,
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當光線從縫細射入我的庇護所，
01:47
I would feel at peace.
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我會感到很平和。
01:51
Despite my efforts to comfort myself,
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儘管我很努力安慰我自己，
01:53
I still left my community
as soon as I could,
as soon as I could,
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我還是儘快地離開了我的社區，
01:56
and I went to architecture school
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我去讀建築學校，
01:58
and then into a professional career
designing shopping centers,
designing shopping centers,
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接著開始了我的職業生涯，
設計購物中心、
設計購物中心、
02:02
homes for the wealthy
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富人的家，
02:03
and office buildings,
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以及辦公室大樓，
02:06
until I stepped into a prison
for the first time.
for the first time.
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直到我第一次踏入一間監獄。
02:10
It was the Chester State
Correctional Institution in Pennsylvania.
Correctional Institution in Pennsylvania.
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那是賓州的切斯特州立監獄。
02:14
And my friend, she invited me there
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我是被我的朋友邀請過去的，
02:16
to work with some
of her incarcerated students
of her incarcerated students
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去和她的一些被監禁的學生合作，
02:18
and teach them about
the positive power of design.
the positive power of design.
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教導他們設計的正面力量。
02:22
The irony is so obvious, right?
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這真的很諷刺，對吧？
02:24
As I approached this concrete building,
these tiny little windows,
these tiny little windows,
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我接近這座水泥的建築物，
裡面有很小的窗戶、
裡面有很小的窗戶、
02:28
barbed wire, high walls,
observation towers,
observation towers,
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有刺鐵絲網、高牆、守望塔，
02:32
and on the inside,
these cold, hard spaces,
these cold, hard spaces,
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在內部，那些冰冷、堅硬的空間裡，
02:36
little light or air,
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光線和空氣都很少，
02:38
the guards are screaming,
the doors are clanking,
the doors are clanking,
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守衛叫嚷著，門發出噹啷聲，
02:41
there's a wall of cells filled with
so many black and brown bodies.
so many black and brown bodies.
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有一整面牆都是牢房，
裡面滿是黑色和褐色的身體。
裡面滿是黑色和褐色的身體。
02:47
And I realized that what I was seeing
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我了解到，我所看到的景象，
02:50
was the end result of our racist policies
that had caused mass incarceration.
that had caused mass incarceration.
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是我們的種族政策造成了
大規模監禁的結果。
大規模監禁的結果。
02:55
But as an architect, what I was seeing
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但，身為建築師，我所看到的是，
02:58
was how a prison is the worst
building type we could have created
building type we could have created
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就我們創造出來處理人類
對彼此之傷害行為的建築來說，
對彼此之傷害行為的建築來說，
03:02
to address the harm
that we're doing to one another.
that we're doing to one another.
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監獄真的是最糟的一種。
03:06
I thought, "Well, could I design
an alternative to this,
an alternative to this,
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我心想：「我是否能
為此設計一個替代方案，
為此設計一個替代方案，
03:08
other than building a prettier prison?"
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而不是建造一間更漂亮的監獄？」
03:10
It didn't feel good to me;
it still doesn't feel good.
it still doesn't feel good.
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它那時給我的感覺不好；
現在的感覺仍然不好。
現在的感覺仍然不好。
03:14
But back then, I just
didn't know what to do.
didn't know what to do.
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但那時，我不知道該怎麼辦。
03:17
What do we build instead of this?
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我們能建立什麼來取代它？
03:20
And then I heard
about restorative justice.
about restorative justice.
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接著我聽說了修復式正義。
03:23
I felt at peace again,
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我再次感受到了平和，
03:26
because here was an alternative system
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因為這是個替代的體制，
03:29
that says when a crime is committed,
it is a breach of relationship,
it is a breach of relationship,
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它說，當罪刑被犯下時，
它就破壞了關係，
它就破壞了關係，
03:34
that the needs of those
who have been harmed
who have been harmed
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被傷害者的需求
03:37
must be addressed first;
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需要先被處理；
03:39
that those who have committed the offense
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而犯下罪刑的人，
03:42
have an obligation to make amends.
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有義務要去做補償。
03:45
And what they are
are really intense dialogues,
are really intense dialogues,
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那些補償其實是很緊繃的對話，
03:47
where all stakeholders come together
to find a way to repair the breach.
to find a way to repair the breach.
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所有利害關係人齊聚在一起，
找到一種方式來修復這破裂的關係。
找到一種方式來修復這破裂的關係。
03:53
Early data shows that
restorative justice builds empathy;
restorative justice builds empathy;
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早期的資料顯示，
修復式正義能建立同理心；
修復式正義能建立同理心；
03:57
that it reduces violent reoffending
by up to 75 percent;
by up to 75 percent;
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能把暴力罪犯再犯的
狀況減低 75% 之多；
狀況減低 75% 之多；
04:02
that it eases PTSD in survivors
of the most severe violence.
of the most severe violence.
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它能減輕最嚴重暴力行為的生存者
發生創傷後壓力症候群的情況。
發生創傷後壓力症候群的情況。
04:06
And because of these reasons,
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因為這些理由，
04:08
we see prosecutors and judges
and district attorneys
and district attorneys
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我們看到公訴人、法官、地方檢察官
04:11
starting to divert cases out of court
and into restorative justice
and into restorative justice
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開始把案件從法庭導向修復式正義，
04:15
so that some people never
touch the system altogether.
touch the system altogether.
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這麼一來有些人就永遠
不會再接觸這個體制了。
不會再接觸這個體制了。
04:19
And so I thought, "Well, damn --
why aren't we designing for this system?"
why aren't we designing for this system?"
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所以我心想：「該死，
我們為何不為這體制設計？」
我們為何不為這體制設計？」
04:22
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
04:24
Instead of building prisons,
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不要建造監獄，
04:26
we should be building spaces
to amplify restorative justice.
to amplify restorative justice.
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我們應該要建造空間
來放大修復式正義。
來放大修復式正義。
04:30
And so I started in schools,
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所以我從學校開始，
04:33
because suspensions and expulsions
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因為停學和開除學籍
04:37
have been fueling the pathway
to prison for decades.
to prison for decades.
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數十年來都在助長通往監獄之路。
04:40
And many school districts --
probably some of your own --
probably some of your own --
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許多學區，可能各位的包括在內，
04:43
are turning to restorative justice
as an alternative.
as an alternative.
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把修復式正義轉變為一種替代方案。
04:48
So, my first project -- I just turned
this dirty little storage room
this dirty little storage room
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所以，我的第一個計畫──
我剛把這個骯髒的小儲存室
我剛把這個骯髒的小儲存室
04:51
into a peacemaking room
for a program in a high school
for a program in a high school
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轉變為和平創造室，
給一間高中的專案計畫使用，
給一間高中的專案計畫使用，
04:55
in my hometown of Oakland.
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位在我的家鄉奧克蘭。
04:57
And after we were done, the director said
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我們完工之後，主任說，
05:01
that the circles
she was holding in this space
she was holding in this space
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她在這個空間中所主持的圍圈，
05:03
were more powerful in bringing
the community together
the community together
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在將社區團結上有非常強大的力量，
05:06
after fighting at school
and gun violence in the community,
and gun violence in the community,
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在學校內奮戰，在社區中對抗槍枝；
05:10
and that students and teachers
started to come here
started to come here
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因此，學生和老師開始來到這裡，
05:13
just because they saw it
as a space of refuge.
as a space of refuge.
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只因為他們把這個空間
視為是庇護所。
視為是庇護所。
05:17
So what was happening is that the space
was amplifying the effects of the process.
was amplifying the effects of the process.
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所以，這個空間放大了過程的效應。
05:24
OK, then I did something
that architects always do, y'all.
that architects always do, y'all.
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接著，我做了建築師都會做的事。
05:29
I was like, I'm going to build
something massive now, right?
something massive now, right?
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我心想，我接著要建造
讓人印象深刻的東西了，
讓人印象深刻的東西了，
05:32
I'm going to build the world's first
restorative justice center all by myself.
restorative justice center all by myself.
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我要靠自己來建造世界上
第一個修復式正義中心。
第一個修復式正義中心。
05:38
And it's going to be
a beautiful figure on the skyline,
a beautiful figure on the skyline,
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它將會是地平線上一個美麗的形體，
05:41
like a beacon in the night.
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就像夜晚的燈塔。
05:43
Thousands of people will come here
instead of going to court.
instead of going to court.
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數以千計的人會來到
這裡，而不是去法庭。
這裡，而不是去法庭。
05:46
I will single-handedly
end mass incarceration
end mass incarceration
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我會靠自己一個人的力量
就終結大規模監禁，
就終結大規模監禁，
05:49
and win lots of design awards.
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還能贏很多設計獎。
05:51
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
05:54
And then I checked myself --
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接著我阻止了我自己。
05:56
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
05:57
because here's the deal:
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因為狀況是這樣的：
06:00
we are incarcerating more
of our citizens per capita
of our citizens per capita
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我們監禁的人均公民數
高於世界上的每一個國家。
06:03
than any country in the world.
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06:05
And the fastest-growing
population there are black women.
population there are black women.
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而人數成長最快的是黑人女性。
06:08
Ninety-five percent
of all these folks are coming home.
of all these folks are coming home.
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這些人當中有 95% 會回家。
06:13
And most of them are survivors of severe
sexual, physical and emotional abuse.
sexual, physical and emotional abuse.
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她們大部分是嚴重的性、身體，
及情緒暴力下的受害者。
及情緒暴力下的受害者。
06:20
They have literally been
on both sides of the harm.
on both sides of the harm.
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她們是真的在傷害的兩方都待過。
06:23
So I thought, uh, maybe I should ask them
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所以我心想，也許我應該問問她們，
06:25
what we should build instead of prisons.
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我們該建造什麼來取代監獄。
06:29
So I returned with
a restorative justice expert,
a restorative justice expert,
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我和一位修復式正義專家一起返回，
06:33
and we started to run
the country's first design studios
the country's first design studios
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我們開始運行全國第一家
設有監禁男女的設計工作室，
06:36
with incarcerated men and women
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06:38
around the intersection
of restorative justice and design.
of restorative justice and design.
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圍繞在恢復性司法
和設計的交叉點上。
和設計的交叉點上。
06:42
And it was transformative for me.
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對我來說這是會帶來改變的。
06:43
I saw all these people behind walls
in a totally different way.
in a totally different way.
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我以一種完全不同的方式
看待關在圍牆後的這些人。
看待關在圍牆後的這些人。
06:48
These were souls deeply committed
to their personal transformation
to their personal transformation
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這些人深深投入在
他們的個人轉變當中，
他們的個人轉變當中，
06:52
and being accountable.
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負起責任。
06:54
They were creative, they were visionary.
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他們有創意，他們有遠見。
06:58
Danny is one of those souls.
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丹尼就是其中一位。
07:01
He's been incarcerated
at San Quentin for 27 years
at San Quentin for 27 years
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他已經被關在聖昆丁
州立監獄 27 年了，
州立監獄 27 年了，
07:05
for taking a life at the age of 21.
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他在 21 歲時殺了人。
07:09
From the very beginning,
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打從一開始，
07:11
he's been focused
on being accountable for that act
on being accountable for that act
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他就一直專注在
要為那行為負起責任，
要為那行為負起責任，
07:14
and doing his best to make amends
from behind bars.
from behind bars.
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盡他的全力從獄中做補償。
07:18
He brought that work into a design
for a community center
for a community center
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他把那份心力帶到了
一個社區中心的設計中，
一個社區中心的設計中，
07:24
for reconciliation and wellness.
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一個調解及健康中心。
07:27
It was a beautiful design, right?
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那是個很美的設計，對吧？
07:29
So it's this green campus
filled with these circular structures
filled with these circular structures
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這個綠色的校園
充滿了這些圓形的結構，
充滿了這些圓形的結構，
07:32
for victim and offender dialogue.
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供受害者和犯罪者進行對話。
07:35
And when he presented the project to me,
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當他把這個計畫拿給我看時，
07:37
he started crying.
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他開始哭泣。
07:40
He said, "After being in the brutality
of San Quentin for so long,
of San Quentin for so long,
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他說：「在聖昆丁州立監獄的
暴虐當中待了這麼久，
暴虐當中待了這麼久，
07:45
we don't think reconciliation will happen.
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我們不認為調解還有可能發生。
07:49
This design is for a place that fulfills
the promise of restorative justice.
the promise of restorative justice.
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這個設計，是要建造一個地方
來實現修復式正義的承諾。
來實現修復式正義的承諾。
07:55
And it feels closer now."
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現在它感覺更接近了。」
07:58
I know for a fact
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我很確定，
08:01
that just the visualization of spaces
for restorative justice and healing
for restorative justice and healing
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光是將修復式正義
及療癒的空間給視覺化，
及療癒的空間給視覺化，
就有改變的力量了。
08:05
are transformative.
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08:07
I've seen it in our workshops
over and over again.
over and over again.
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我在我們的研討會
一再看到這樣的現象。
一再看到這樣的現象。
08:09
But I think we know that just visualizing
these spaces is not enough.
these spaces is not enough.
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但我想我們都知道，光是將
這些空間視覺化還不夠。
這些空間視覺化還不夠。
08:13
We have to build them.
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我們得把它們建造出來。
08:16
And so I started to look
for justice innovators.
for justice innovators.
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所以我開始尋找正義創新者。
08:20
They are not easy to find.
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他們挺不容易找的。
08:22
But I found one.
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但我找到了一個。
08:24
I found the Center for Court Innovation.
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我找到了法院創新中心。
08:27
They were bringing Native American
peacemaking practices
peacemaking practices
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他們要把美國原住民的調停做法
08:30
into a non-Native community
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帶到非原住民社區中，
08:32
for the very first time
in the United States.
in the United States.
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這是美國有史以來第一次。
08:35
And I approached them, and I said,
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我去找他們，我說：
08:37
"OK, well, as you set up your process,
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「好，當你們在準備你們的流程時，
08:40
could I work with the community
to design a peacemaking center?"
to design a peacemaking center?"
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我能不能與社區合作，
設計一個調停中心？」
設計一個調停中心？」
08:45
And they said yes.
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他們答應了。
08:47
Thank God, because
I had no backup to these guys.
I had no backup to these guys.
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謝天謝地，因為除了他們，
我沒有別的後備計畫。
我沒有別的後備計畫。
08:51
And so, in the Near Westside
of Syracuse, New York,
of Syracuse, New York,
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所以，在紐約雪城的近西界，
08:55
we started to run design workshops
with the community
with the community
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我們開始與社區進行設計研討會，
08:58
to both locate and reenvision
an old drug house
an old drug house
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找到了一間毒梟的家，
把它重新想像成為一個調停中心。
09:02
to be a peacemaking center.
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09:04
The Near Westside
Peacemaking Project is complete.
Peacemaking Project is complete.
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西界調停專案計畫完成了。
09:07
And they are already running
over 80 circles a year,
over 80 circles a year,
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現在每年已經會進行
超過 80 場圍圈坐談，
超過 80 場圍圈坐談，
09:10
with a very interesting outcome,
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結果非常有意思，
09:12
and that it is the space itself
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是那個空間本身
09:14
that's convincing people
to engage in peacemaking
to engage in peacemaking
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說服了大家去參與調停，
09:16
for the very first time in their lives.
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那也是他們人生中的初體驗。
09:19
Isabel and her daughter are some
of those community members.
of those community members.
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伊莎貝爾和她的女兒
都是有參與的社區成員。
都是有參與的社區成員。
09:22
And they had been referred to peacemaking
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她們被轉介到調停中心，
09:25
to heal their relationship
after a history of family abuse,
after a history of family abuse,
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來療癒她們的關係，
她們過去曾經歷過家暴、
她們過去曾經歷過家暴、
09:29
sexual abuse
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性虐待，
09:30
and other issues that they'd been having
in their own family
in their own family
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以及其他和自己家庭間
及社區間的問題。
及社區間的問題。
09:33
and the community.
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09:35
And, you know, Isabel didn't want
to do peacemaking.
to do peacemaking.
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伊莎貝爾並不想做調停。
09:37
She was like, "This is just
like going to court.
like going to court.
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她說：「這就像上法庭一樣。
09:40
What is this peacemaking stuff?"
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這個調停是什麼東西？」
09:41
But when she showed up,
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當她出席時，
09:43
she was stressed, she was anxious.
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她很有壓力，很焦慮。
09:46
But when she got in,
she kind of looked around,
she kind of looked around,
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但她進來之後，她看了看四周，
09:48
and she settled in.
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她安頓下來了。
09:50
And she turned
to the coordinator and said,
to the coordinator and said,
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她轉向協調者，說：
09:53
"I feel comfortable here -- at ease.
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我在這裡覺得很舒適、很安心。
09:57
It's homey."
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很像家。」
10:00
Isabel and her daughter
made a decision that day
made a decision that day
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伊莎貝爾和她的女兒在那天就決定
10:02
to engage and complete
the peacemaking process.
the peacemaking process.
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要參與並完成調停過程。
10:05
And today, their relationship
is transformed;
is transformed;
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現今，她們的關係已經轉變了；
10:08
they're doing really well
and they're healing.
and they're healing.
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她們的狀況很好，她們在療癒。
10:12
So after this project,
I didn't go into a thing
I didn't go into a thing
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在這個計畫之後，
我沒有去建大型的調停中心。
10:15
where I'm going to make a huge
peacemaking center.
peacemaking center.
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我確實希望每個社區
都有一個調停中心。
都有一個調停中心。
10:17
I did want to have peacemaking
centers in every community.
centers in every community.
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10:22
But then a new idea emerged.
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但接著，一個新點子浮現了。
10:25
I was doing a workshop
in Santa Rita Jail in California,
in Santa Rita Jail in California,
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我在加州的聖利塔監獄辦研討會，
10:30
and one of our incarcerated
designers, Doug, said,
designers, Doug, said,
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我們有一位被監禁的
設計師叫道格，他說：
設計師叫道格，他說：
10:33
"Yeah, you know, repairing the harm,
getting back on my feet, healing --
getting back on my feet, healing --
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「是的，修復傷害、
重新站起來、療癒──
重新站起來、療癒──
10:37
really important.
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非常重要。
10:38
But the reality is, Deanna,
when I get home,
when I get home,
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但現實是，狄安娜，當我回家時，
10:41
I don't have anywhere to go.
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我無處可去。
10:43
I have no job -- who's going to hire me?
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我沒有工作──誰會僱用我？
10:45
I'm just going to end up back here."
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我最後還是會回來這裡。」
10:47
And you know what, he's right,
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你們知道嗎，他說的沒錯，
10:49
because 60 to 75 percent of those
returning to their communities
returning to their communities
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因為返回社區的人當中，
有 60%~75%
有 60%~75%
10:53
will be unemployed
a year after their release.
a year after their release.
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在出獄後的一年內都找不到工作。
10:57
We also know, if you can't meet
your basic economic needs,
your basic economic needs,
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我們都知道，如果你的
基本經濟需求無法被滿足，
基本經濟需求無法被滿足，
11:00
you're going to commit crime --
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你就會犯罪，
11:02
any of us would do that.
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每個人都必然如此。
11:05
So instead of building prisons,
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所以，若不要建造監獄，
11:08
what we could build are spaces
for job training and entrepreneurship.
for job training and entrepreneurship.
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我們可以建造職業訓練
和企業家精神的空間。
和企業家精神的空間。
11:13
These are spaces for what we call
"restorative economics."
"restorative economics."
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這些空間可以用來做
我們所謂的「修復式經濟」。
我們所謂的「修復式經濟」。
11:17
Located in East Oakland, California,
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在加州的東奧克蘭，
11:20
"Restore Oakland" will be
the country’s first center
the country’s first center
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「恢復奧克蘭」將會是全國第一個
11:23
for restorative justice
and restorative economics.
and restorative economics.
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修復式正義及修復式經濟中心。
11:25
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
11:31
So here's what we're going to do.
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我們打算要做的事如下。
11:33
We're going to gut this building
and turn it into three things.
and turn it into three things.
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我們要改裝這棟建築的內部，
轉為三樣東西。
轉為三樣東西。
11:36
First, a restaurant called "Colors,"
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第一，一間餐廳，叫做「顏色」，
11:38
that will break the racial divide
in the restaurant industry
in the restaurant industry
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它會打破在餐廳產業的族群分裂，
11:41
by training low-wage restaurant workers
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做法是訓練低薪餐廳員工
取得好的餐廳工作，
提供的工資足夠生活所需。
提供的工資足夠生活所需。
11:43
to get living-wage jobs in fine dining.
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11:45
It does not matter if you have
a criminal record or not.
a criminal record or not.
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你是否有前科都無所謂。
11:48
On the second floor,
we have bright, open, airy spaces
we have bright, open, airy spaces
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二樓有明亮、開放、通風的空間，
11:52
to support a constellation
of activist organizations
of activist organizations
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用來支持一系列活動組織，
11:55
to amplify their cry
of "Healthcare Not Handcuffs,"
of "Healthcare Not Handcuffs,"
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放大他們「要健康照護，不要手銬」
及「供給住房是基本人權」的呼籲。
11:59
and "Housing as a human right."
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12:01
And third, the county's first
dedicated space for restorative justice,
dedicated space for restorative justice,
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第三，該郡第一個
修復式正義的專用空間，
修復式正義的專用空間，
12:06
filled with nature, color,
texture and spaces of refuge
texture and spaces of refuge
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充滿了庇護所的本質、
顏色、結構，及空間，
顏色、結構，及空間，
12:10
to support the dialogues here.
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以支援在這裡進行的對談。
12:12
This project breaks ground
in just two months.
in just two months.
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這個計畫再兩個月就要開工了。
12:15
And we have plans to replicate it
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我們打算把它複製到
12:17
in Washington D.C., Detroit,
New York and New Orleans.
New York and New Orleans.
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華盛頓特區、底特律、
紐約、以及紐奧良。
紐約、以及紐奧良。
12:20
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
12:30
So you've seen two things
we can build instead of prisons.
we can build instead of prisons.
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所以，各位已經看到了
兩種代替監獄的選擇。
兩種代替監獄的選擇。
12:33
And look, the price point is better.
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而且，價格點更好。
12:36
For one jail, we can build
30 restorative justice centers.
30 restorative justice centers.
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一間監獄可以換成
三十間修復式正義中心。
三十間修復式正義中心。
12:40
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
12:42
That is a better use of your tax dollars.
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這也是把稅款做更好的運用。
12:45
So I want to build all of these.
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這些我全部都想建造。
12:48
But building buildings
is a really heavy lift.
is a really heavy lift.
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但建造建築物是非常沉重的工作。
12:51
It takes time.
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要花時間。
12:53
And what was happening
in the communities that I was serving
in the communities that I was serving
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在我服務的那些社區中，
發生的狀況是，
發生的狀況是，
12:56
is we were losing people every week
to gun violence and mass incarceration.
to gun violence and mass incarceration.
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每週我們都會因為槍枝暴力
和大規模監禁而失去一些人。
和大規模監禁而失去一些人。
13:01
We needed to serve more people and faster
and keep them out of the system.
and keep them out of the system.
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我們得要以更快的速度
服務更多人，讓他們遠離體制。
服務更多人，讓他們遠離體制。
13:06
And a new idea emerged from the community,
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社區中浮現了一個新點子，
13:09
one that was a lot lighter on its feet.
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這個點子比較輕便。
13:12
Instead of building prisons,
we could build villages on wheels.
we could build villages on wheels.
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取代建造監獄，
我們可以建造有輪子的村子。
我們可以建造有輪子的村子。
13:18
It's called the Pop-Up Resource Village,
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它叫做「快閃式資源村」，
13:21
and it brings an entire
constellation of resources
constellation of resources
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把所有的資源帶到
13:24
to isolated communities
in the greater San Francisco area,
in the greater San Francisco area,
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大舊金山地區的孤立社區裡，
13:27
including mobile medical,
social services and pop-up shops.
social services and pop-up shops.
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包括行動醫療、社會服務和快閃店。
13:32
And so what we're doing now
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我們現在做的是，
13:33
is we're building this whole village
with the community,
with the community,
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我們和社區一起建造這整個村子，
13:36
starting with transforming municipal buses
into classrooms on wheels
into classrooms on wheels
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先把市立公車轉變成有輪子的教室，
13:41
that bring GED and high school
education across turf lines.
education across turf lines.
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把 GED（普通教育開發）
和高中教育帶過草坪線。
和高中教育帶過草坪線。
13:45
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
13:46
We will serve thousands
of more students with this.
of more students with this.
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有了它，我們可以
再多服務數千名學生。
再多服務數千名學生。
13:49
We're creating mobile spaces of refuge
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我們在創造庇護的行動空間，
13:51
for women released from jail
in the middle of the night,
in the middle of the night,
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給出獄的女性在半夜
在她們最脆弱的時候使用。
在她們最脆弱的時候使用。
13:54
at their most vulnerable.
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13:56
Next summer, the village will launch,
and it pops up every single week,
and it pops up every single week,
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明年夏天，村子就會推出，
每週都會快閃出現，
每週都會快閃出現，
14:00
expanding to more and more
communities as it goes.
communities as it goes.
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擴及到它所到之處的更多社區。
14:04
So look out for it.
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所以，注意找找它。
14:05
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
14:10
So what do we build instead of prisons?
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所以，若不建造監獄，要建造什麼？
14:13
We've looked at three things:
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我們有三項計畫：
14:15
peacemaking centers,
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調停中心，
14:16
centers for restorative justice
and restorative economics
and restorative economics
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修復式正義和修復式經濟中心，
14:20
and pop-up villages.
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以及快閃村。
14:23
But I'm telling you,
I have a list a mile long.
I have a list a mile long.
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但讓我告訴各位，
我的清單有一哩長。
我的清單有一哩長。
14:27
This is customized housing for youth
transitioning out of foster care.
transitioning out of foster care.
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這是為年輕人客製化的住房供應，
從寄養照顧轉變而來的。
從寄養照顧轉變而來的。
14:31
These are reentry centers for women
to reunite with their children.
to reunite with their children.
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這些是讓女性能
和她們的孩子團圓的復歸中心。
和她們的孩子團圓的復歸中心。
14:34
These are spaces
for survivors of violence.
for survivors of violence.
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這些是給暴力受害者的空間。
14:37
These are spaces
that address the root causes
that address the root causes
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這些空間可以用來處理
大規模監禁的根源成因，
14:40
of mass incarceration.
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14:42
And not a single one of them
is a jail or a prison.
is a jail or a prison.
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沒一個是監獄或監牢。
14:48
Activist, philosopher, writer
Cornel West says
Cornel West says
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身兼激進分子、哲學家，
及作家的康乃爾韋斯特說：
及作家的康乃爾韋斯特說：
14:53
that "Justice is what love
looks like in public."
looks like in public."
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「正義，就是『愛』
在公開場域看起來的樣子。」
在公開場域看起來的樣子。」
14:56
So with this in mind,
I ask you one more time
I ask you one more time
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所以，心中想著這一點，
我再次請求各位，
我再次請求各位，
15:01
to imagine a world without prisons,
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想像一個沒有監獄的世界，
15:05
and join me in creating all the things
that we could build instead.
that we could build instead.
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加入我，一同創造各種
能取代監獄的東西。
能取代監獄的東西。
15:09
Thank you.
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謝謝。
15:10
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Deanna Van Buren - Activist, architect, artistDeanna Van Buren is an architect who designs spaces for peacemaking, inside and out.
Why you should listen
After practicing as a corporate architect for 12 years, Deanna Van Buren left her job to become an activist architect, and for the past six years she has been designing restorative justice centers instead of prisons in order to end the age of mass incarceration. She's the co-founder and design director of Designing Justice + Designing Spaces, based in Oakland, California. She's also interested in designing virtual spaces for peacemaking and was the lead architect for The Witness.
Deanna Van Buren | Speaker | TED.com