TED2012
Don Levy: A cinematic journey through visual effects
Don Levy: 視覺特效的電影之旅
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110 年前，喬治·梅里耶讓太空船衝進月球人的眼睛。從那時起到現在視覺特效究竟發展了多少？透過與美國影藝學院的密切合作，Don Levy 透過特效帶領我們走上視覺之旅，從早期的偽製技術到現代完美無瑕的電影製片奇蹟。
Don Levy - Film executive
Don Levy has served on the frontlines of the digital transformation of entertainment. For 17 years, he led the communications efforts for top visual effects and digital animation studio, Sony Pictures Imageworks. He is fascinated by the magic of movies. Full bio
Don Levy has served on the frontlines of the digital transformation of entertainment. For 17 years, he led the communications efforts for top visual effects and digital animation studio, Sony Pictures Imageworks. He is fascinated by the magic of movies. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
The filmmaker Georges Méliès was first a magician.
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起初，電影製作者喬治‧梅里耶是位魔術師
00:22
Now movies proved to be the ultimate medium for magic.
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現在證實電影是魔術的終極媒介
00:29
With complete control of everything the audience can see,
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由於可以完全控制觀眾之所見
00:35
moviemakers had developed an arsenal of techniques
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電影製作者已經研發出一系列的技術
00:39
to further their deceptions.
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來加強他們對觀眾的視覺誤導
00:43
Motion pictures are themselves an illusion of life,
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電影本身就是對事物的一種錯覺
00:48
produced by the sequential projection of still frames,
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產生自連續投影有序的靜止畫面
00:52
and they astonished the Lumière brothers' early audiences.
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電影讓盧米埃兄弟的早期觀眾十分驚訝
00:57
Even today's sophisticated moviegoers
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時至今日，對電影很精通的影迷
00:59
still lose themselves to the screen,
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依然深陷其中不可自拔
01:02
and filmmakers leverage this separation from reality
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電影製作者們將這種脫離現實的效果
01:06
to great effect.
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充分利用
01:09
Now imaginative people have been having fun with this
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如今富有想像力的人們已從這其中獲得樂趣
01:13
for over 400 years.
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多達超過 400 年
01:15
Giambattista della Porta, a Neapolitan scholar
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詹巴蒂斯塔·德拉波爾塔是一位那不勒斯的學者
01:19
in the 16th century, examined and studied the natural world
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在十六世紀，審查和研究自然世界
01:24
and saw how it could be manipulated.
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並見識到它是可以被如何操控
01:28
Playing with the world, and our perception of it,
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玩轉這個世界，還有我們對它的認識
01:31
really is the essence of visual effects.
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才真正是視覺特效的實質
01:35
So digging deeper into this
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所以我與美國影藝學院共同對此進行更深入的研究
01:37
with the Science and Technology Council
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所以我與美國影藝學院共同對此進行更深入的研究
01:39
of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
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所以我與美國影藝學院共同對此進行更深入的研究
01:42
reveals some truth behind the trickery.
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揭示了這種手法背後的一些真相
01:47
Visual effects are based on the principles of all illusions:
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視覺特效是建立在錯覺的原理之上的：
01:52
assumption, things are as we know them;
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假想－我們知道的事
01:56
presumption, things will behave as we expect;
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推測－我們期望事情的走向
02:00
and context in reality,
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還有現實背景－我們對所知世界的認識
02:02
our knowledge of the world as we know it,
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還有現實背景－我們對所知世界的認識
02:05
such as scale.
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比如規模
02:07
Now a fourth factor really becomes an obsession,
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現在有第四項因素變得令人著迷
02:11
which is, never betray the illusion.
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這個因素是，永遠不要暴露幻覺
02:15
And that last point has made visual effects
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因此，這個最後的因素使視覺特效成爲了
02:18
a constant quest for perfection.
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對完美持久的追求
02:21
So from the hand-cranked jump cut early days of cinema
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所以，從早期電影手搖式的跳接
02:26
to last Sunday's Oscar winner, what follows are some steps
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到上週日的奧斯卡贏家
（《雨果的冒險》）
（《雨果的冒險》）
02:31
and a few repeats in the evolution of visual effects.
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都遵循和重現一些視覺效果演化過程中的手法
02:36
I hope you will enjoy.
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我希望你們會喜歡
02:40
Isabelle: "The filmmaker Georges Méliès
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（《雨果的冒險》，電影片段）
伊莎貝爾：電影製作者喬治·梅里耶
伊莎貝爾：電影製作者喬治·梅里耶
02:45
was one of the first to realize that
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是其中一位最早了解
02:49
films had the power
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電影具有捕捉夢境能力的人
02:52
to capture dreams."
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電影具有捕捉夢境能力的人
02:54
(Music) ["'A Trip to the Moon' (1902)"]
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（音樂）《月球之旅》（1902）
02:58
["2011 Restoration of the Original Hand-Tinted Color"]
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【2011 年對最初手工著色的色彩修復版】
03:10
["'2001: A Space Odyssey' (1968)"]
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《2001年太空漫遊》（1968）
03:14
["Academy Award Winner for Visual Effects"]
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【奧斯卡最佳視覺效果獎得主】
03:25
["'Avatar' (2009)"] First doctor: How are you feeling, Jake?
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《阿凡達》（2009）
第一個醫生：感覺怎麼樣，傑克？
第一個醫生：感覺怎麼樣，傑克？
03:27
Jake: Hey guys.
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傑克：嘿，夥伴們
03:29
["Academy Award Winner for Visual Effects"]
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【奧斯卡最佳視覺效果獎得主】
03:30
Second doctor: Welcome to your new body, Jake.First doctor: Good.
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第二個醫生：歡迎來到你的新身體，傑克
第一個醫生：不錯
第一個醫生：不錯
03:33
Second doctor: We're gonna take this nice and easy, Jake.First doctor: Well, do you want to sit up? That's fine.
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第二個醫生：傑克，慢慢來
第一個醫生：你要坐起來嗎
第一個醫生：你要坐起來嗎
03:36
Second doctor: And good, just take it nice and slow, Jake.
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第二個醫生：傑克，很好，慢慢來
03:38
Well, no truncal ataxia, that's good.First doctor: You feeling light-headed or dizzy at all?
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軀幹運動沒有失調，不錯
第一個醫生：你覺得頭暈嗎？
第一個醫生：你覺得頭暈嗎？
03:42
Oh, you're wiggling your toes.
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你在動腳趾
03:44
["'Alice's Adventures in Wonderland' (1972)"]
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《愛麗絲夢遊仙境》（1972）
03:46
Alice: What's happening to me?
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愛麗絲：我這是怎麼了？
03:54
["'Alice in Wonderland' (2010)"]
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《魔境夢遊》（2010）
03:58
["Academy Award Nominee for Visual Effects"]
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【奧斯卡最佳視覺效果獎提名影片】
04:04
["'The Lost World' (1925)"]
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《失落的世界》（1925）
04:07
["Stop Motion Animation"]
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【定格動畫】
04:10
["'Jurassic Park' (1993)"] [Dinosaur roars]
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《侏羅紀公園》（1993）【恐龍吼叫】
04:14
["CG Animation"]
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【CG 動畫】
04:17
["Academy Award Winner for Visual Effects"]
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【奧斯卡最佳視覺效果獎得主】
04:30
["'The Smurfs' (2011)"]
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《藍色小精靈》（2011）
04:34
["Autodesk Maya Software - Key Frame Animation"]
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【Autodesk Maya Software -- 關鍵幀動畫】
04:38
["'Rise of the Planet of the Apes' (2011)"]
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《猩球崛起》（2011）
04:41
Chimpanzee: No! ["Academy Award Nominee for Visual Effects"]
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黑猩猩：不！
【奧斯卡最佳視覺效果獎提名影片】
【奧斯卡最佳視覺效果獎提名影片】
04:43
["'Metropolis' (1927)"]
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《大都會》（1927）
04:47
(Music)
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（音樂）
05:04
["'Blade Runner' (1982)"]
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《銀翼殺手》（1982）
05:08
["Academy Award Nominee for Visual Effects"]
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【奧斯卡最佳視覺效果獎提名影片】
05:16
["'The Rains Came' (1939)"] Rama Safti: Well, it's all over.
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《雨季來臨》（1939）
Rama Safti：嗯，一切都結束了
Rama Safti：嗯，一切都結束了
05:18
Maharaja: Nothing to worry about, not a thing.
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Maharaja：沒什麼可擔心的，完全沒有
05:20
['Academy Award for Special Effects - (First Year of Category)"]
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【奧斯卡最佳特效獎 -- 成立獎項的第一年】
05:23
(Explosion)
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（爆炸）
05:31
["'2012' (2009)"]Governor: It seems to me that the worst is over.
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《2012》（2009）
州長：在我看來最糟糕的已經過去了
州長：在我看來最糟糕的已經過去了
05:37
["CG Destruction"]
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【CG 破壞】
05:48
["'Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King' (2003)"]
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《魔戒三部曲：王者再臨》（2003）
05:51
["Massive Software - Crowd Generation"]
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【Massive Software - 產生人群】
05:55
["Academy Award Winner for Visual Effects"]
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【奧斯卡最佳視覺效果獎得主】
05:58
["'Ben Hur: A Tale of the Christ' (1925)"]
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《賓漢》（1925）
06:02
["Miniatures and Puppets Bring the Crowd to Life"]
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【小建築物模型和人偶讓群眾栩栩如生】
06:10
["'Gladiator' (2000)"]
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《神鬼戰士》（2000）
06:13
["CG Coliseum and Digital Crowds"]
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【CG 競技場和數位人群】
06:17
["Academy Award Winner for Visual Effects"]
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【奧斯卡最佳視覺效果獎得主】
06:22
["'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 2' (2011)"]
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《哈利波特：死神的聖物 Ⅱ》（2012）
06:27
["Academy Award Nominee for Visual Effects"]
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【奧斯卡最佳視覺效果獎得主】
06:39
["Produced in conjunction with the Academy's Science and Technology Council."]
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【與美國影藝學院共同製作】
（鼓掌）
（鼓掌）
06:42
(Applause)
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"今天可能是實現最不可能，最不可思議的事情之日。"
-- 喬治·梅里耶"
-- 喬治·梅里耶"
06:43
["'It is today possible to realize the most impossible and improbable things.' — Georges Méliès"]
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"今天可能是實現最不可能，最不可思議的事情之日。"
-- 喬治·梅里耶"
-- 喬治·梅里耶"
06:46
Don Levy: Thank you.
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Don Levy：謝謝。
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Don Levy - Film executiveDon Levy has served on the frontlines of the digital transformation of entertainment. For 17 years, he led the communications efforts for top visual effects and digital animation studio, Sony Pictures Imageworks. He is fascinated by the magic of movies.
Why you should listen
Don Levy joined Sony Pictures Imageworks when it was “just 40 people and a dream” in 1995. Starting as an awards campaign consultant, he helped the studio grow in both size and reputation, beginning with its first Academy Award for the animated short “The ChubbChubbs” in 2003 and continuing with the 2005 Academy Award for Best Visual Effects for “Spider-Man 2.” As the senior vice president of marketing and communications for Sony Pictures, he directed corporate communications, marketing and public relations for Sony Pictures Imageworks, Sony Pictures Digital Entertainment, as well as for Sony Pictures Animation and Sony Online Entertainment.
Levy left Sony Pictures in June of 2012 to develop a new family entertainment venture and found Smith Brook Farm, a media, entertainement and tech consultancy. At the same time, he is a visiting scholar at the University of Southern California School of Cinematic Arts' Entertainment Technology Center and is teaching entertainment marketing at Boston University's Los Angeles Internship Program.
Levy is also member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, on its feature animation nominating committee. The Academy helped tremendously in crafting the video montage in his talk, an exclusive for TED.
Don Levy | Speaker | TED.com