TED2008
Karen Armstrong: My wish: The Charter for Compassion
凱倫．阿姆斯壯的TED獲獎心願：仁愛憲章的誕生
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凱倫．阿姆斯壯說：人們希望對宗教保持虔誠，我們應當盡力使宗教成為社會和諧的力量。她呼籲TED社團成員跟她一起在全球建立《仁愛憲章》，讓黃金法則重新成為全球社會的中心思想。
Karen Armstrong - Religious scholar
Karen Armstrong -- winner of the 2008 TED Prize -- is a provocative, original thinker on the role of religion in the modern world. Full bio
Karen Armstrong -- winner of the 2008 TED Prize -- is a provocative, original thinker on the role of religion in the modern world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Well, this is such an honor. And it's wonderful to be
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這真是無比的榮譽，也非常高興
00:18
in the presence of an organization that is really making a difference in the world.
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成為這個團體的一員。因為這個團體為世界帶來的改變是有目共睹的。
00:24
And I'm intensely grateful for the opportunity to speak to you today.
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我更加感恩今天能有這個機會來對你們對話。
00:30
And I'm also rather surprised, because when I look back on my life
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而同時我也心存訝異，因為當我回顧我的過去
00:37
the last thing I ever wanted to do was write, or be in any way involved in religion.
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我最不願意做的就是與宗教有關的事情了，不管是寫作還是以其他的方式。
00:46
After I left my convent, I'd finished with religion, frankly.
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說實話，在我離開了修道院後，我跟就沒有做跟宗教有關的事情了。
00:50
I thought that was it.
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我當時想那樣就是結束了
00:51
And for 13 years I kept clear of it. I wanted to be an English literature professor.
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的確長達13年，我都沒有接觸過它。我想做的是成為一位英國文學教授。
00:59
And I certainly didn't even want to be a writer, particularly.
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我更沒有特別想做個作家。
01:03
But then I suffered a series of career catastrophes,
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但接著我遭遇到一連串的事業挫敗，
01:08
one after the other, and finally found myself in television. (Laughter)
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接二連三，終於進入了電視業 (笑聲)
01:18
I said that to Bill Moyers, and he said, "Oh, we take anybody." (Laughter)
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我對比爾莫耶斯(Bill Moyer)這樣說，然後他回我“哦，我們誰都接受” (笑聲)
01:22
And I was doing some rather controversial religious programs.
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那時我做過一些頗具爭議的宗教性節目
01:27
This went down very well in the U.K., where religion is extremely unpopular.
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這個節目在宗教議題十分冷門的英國播出後，非常的成功
01:34
And so, for once, for the only time in my life, I was finally in the mainstream.
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這一回，我終於生平第一次的成為社會的主流
01:39
But I got sent to Jerusalem to make a film about early Christianity.
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但是有一次為了拍攝有關早期基督教的影片時，我去了趟耶路撒冷
01:46
And there, for the first time, I encountered the other religious traditions:
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就是在那裡，我第一次瞭解到其他的宗教
01:51
Judaism and Islam, the sister religions of Christianity.
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猶太教與伊斯蘭教，基督教的姐妹宗教
01:56
And while I found I knew nothing about these faiths at all --
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我發現我對這兩個宗教的信仰一無所知
02:00
despite my own intensely religious background,
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盡管我已經學習了很多年的宗教學問
02:05
I'd seen Judaism only as a kind of prelude to Christianity,
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我以前認為猶太教不過是基督教的前奏
02:08
and I knew nothing about Islam at all.
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對伊斯蘭教更可謂一無所知了
02:11
But in that city, that tortured city,
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但是就在那個歷經滄桑的城市
02:14
where you see the three faiths jostling so uneasily together,
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那片三大宗教你爭我奪的聖地
02:20
you also become aware of the profound connection between them.
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你也會慢慢意識到這三大宗教之間深刻的樞紐
02:23
And it has been the study of other religious traditions that brought me back
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這正是對其他宗教的研究讓我
02:28
to a sense of what religion can be, and actually enabled me
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重新思考到底甚麼是宗教，也啟發我
02:32
to look at my own faith in a different light.
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從不同角度重新審查自己的信仰
02:35
And I found some astonishing things in the course of my study
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在研究的過程之中我發現了一些令我驚訝的事情
02:39
that had never occurred to me. Frankly, in the days when I thought I'd had it with religion,
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這些事情我以前從未想到過。其實就在我覺得我跟宗教無緣的那段時間
02:46
I just found the whole thing absolutely incredible.
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我突然發現所有的一切都是那麼的令人難以置信
02:49
These doctrines seemed unproven, abstract.
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那些宗教教條看起來無法證明，而且抽象無比
02:55
And to my astonishment, when I began seriously studying other traditions,
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另我吃驚的是，當我開始認真地研究基督教以外的其他宗教時
03:02
I began to realize that belief -- which we make such a fuss about today --
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我意識到，"信仰"這個我們奉若主杲的事
03:08
is only a very recent religious enthusiasm
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不過是一種近代才產生的宗教熱忱
03:13
that surfaced only in the West, in about the 17th century.
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它是17世紀才出現在西方的
03:19
The word "belief" itself originally meant to love, to prize, to hold dear.
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"信仰"這一詞的原意是關愛、贊賞及珍視
03:26
In the 17th century, it narrowed its focus,
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到了17世紀，這個詞的含義變窄了
03:30
for reasons that I'm exploring in a book I'm writing at the moment,
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其中的原因我正在寫書進行探究
03:33
to include -- to mean an intellectual assent to a set of propositions, a credo.
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這個詞的含義變成了，對一組命題進行理智的考量後予以認可，也就是信條
03:42
"I believe:" it did not mean, "I accept certain creedal articles of faith."
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"我相信"這句話的意思本來並不是"我完全接受某一宗教的信條"
03:48
It meant: "I commit myself. I engage myself."
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而是說:"我忠於這些信條，並且我會盡可能地做到這些"
03:52
Indeed, some of the world traditions think very little of religious orthodoxy.
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世界上很多傳統宗教也確實都對正統宗教學說不以為然
03:59
In the Quran, religious opinion -- religious orthodoxy -- is dismissed as "zanna:"
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在可蘭經中，教義的正統學說像贊那(zanna)一樣的不被接受
04:05
self-indulgent guesswork about matters that nobody can be certain of one way or the other,
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對沒有人能確定的事情進行無修止的無聊猜測
04:11
but which makes people quarrelsome and stupidly sectarian. (Laughter)
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但只令各宗教間不斷爭吵、讓人們成為愚蠢的宗教主義者(笑聲)
04:14
So if religion is not about believing things, what is it about?
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那麼如果宗教不是關於信的問題，那又是甚麼呢?
04:21
What I've found, across the board, is that religion is about behaving differently.
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經過全面的研究，我發現宗教的意義是改變人的行為
04:26
Instead of deciding whether or not you believe in God, first you do something.
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與其去決定是不是相信上帝或神明，不如去試者做一些事情
04:32
You behave in a committed way,
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你實實在在的去做一些事情以後，
04:33
and then you begin to understand the truths of religion.
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你就逐漸的開始能理解宗教的真諦了
04:37
And religious doctrines are meant to be summons to action;
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這些宗教的教條其實是對實際行動的引導
04:44
you only understand them when you put them into practice.
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只有在實踐中才能領誤到其中的真諦
04:48
Now, pride of place in this practice is given to compassion.
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而實踐中最最重要的非"仁愛"莫屬了
04:56
And it is an arresting fact that right across the board,
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值得注意的一個事實是
05:01
in every single one of the major world faiths, compassion --
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在世界上所有主要的宗教信仰中，仁愛
05:05
the ability to feel with the other in the way we've been thinking about this evening --
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能對他人感同身受的能力，正如我們今晚所想
05:10
is not only the test of any true religiosity, it is also what will bring us
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不僅是一個宗教是否有真正信仰的試金石，它也是將
05:18
into the presence of what Jews, Christians and Muslims call "God" or the "Divine."
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帶到"上帝"或是"神明"面前的力量，無論這個上帝是猶太人、基督徒還是穆斯林的
05:23
It is compassion, says the Buddha, which brings you to Nirvana.
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佛教中說的慈悲之心帶你走向涅盤
05:29
Why? Because in compassion, when we feel with the other,
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為甚麼這樣說呢?因為當我們以仁愛之心對待他人
05:33
we dethrone ourselves from the center of our world and we put
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我們會把他人而不是自己看做是世界的中心
05:38
another person there. And once we get rid of ego, then we're ready to see the Divine.
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一旦我們不再唯我獨尊，我們就能看見神明
05:46
And in particular, every single one of the major world traditions has highlighted -- has said --
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值得注意的是，世界上的各大宗教教派都強調這一點
05:54
and put at the core of their tradition what's become known as the Golden Rule.
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都把這一黃金原則列為教義的核心
05:59
First propounded by Confucius five centuries before Christ:
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早在公元前五百年，孔子就首先提出了這一點
06:03
"Do not do to others what you would not like them to do to you."
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"己所不欲，勿施於人"
06:07
That, he said, was the central thread which ran through all his teaching
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他認為這是他所有教育思想的核心
06:11
and that his disciples should put into practice all day and every day.
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只要是他的弟子，每天都要做到這一點
06:16
And it was -- the Golden Rule would bring them to the transcendent value that he called "ren,"
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正是這一黃金原則使人們形成一種超然的價值觀，這就是他所謂的仁
06:21
human-heartedness, which was a transcendent experience in itself.
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也就是人與人之間的關愛。這種關愛本身就是超然的。
06:27
And this is absolutely crucial to the monotheisms, too.
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這對於一神論者來說也是重要的
06:34
There's a famous story about the great rabbi, Hillel, the older contemporary of Jesus.
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有一個著名故事是關於猶太拉比席勒爾(Hillel)的，他是跟耶穌同一個時代的長者
06:37
A pagan came to him and offered to convert to Judaism if the rabbi could
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有一個異教徒來到拉比面前，說只要拉比能在自己用一條腿站力的時間內
06:42
recite the whole of Jewish teaching while he stood on one leg.
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背出整個猶太教義，它就願意成為猶太教徒
06:45
Hillel stood on one leg and said, "That which is hateful to you,
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席勒爾抬起一條腿，說到，"如果有甚麼事情是你所痛恨的，
06:49
do not do to your neighbor. That is the Torah. The rest is commentary.
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那麼不要對你的鄰居做同樣的事情。這就是教律，其他的都只是評論而已
06:54
Go and study it." (Laughter)
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你自己去仔細研究吧"(笑聲)
06:56
And "go and study it" was what he meant.
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"你自己去研究"的確是他要說的
07:00
He said, "In your exegesis, you must make it clear
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他說:"在你所做的考證當中，一定要弄清楚
07:04
that every single verse of the Torah is a commentary, a gloss upon the Golden Rule."
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教律的每一句話都是評論，是對黃金法則所做的注解"
07:12
The great Rabbi Meir said that any interpretation of Scripture which
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著名的拉比梅爾(Meir)曾說，任何對教義的解釋，
07:19
led to hatred and disdain, or contempt of other people --
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如果結果導致的是對他人-無論是甚麼人-的仇恨、排斥和蔑視，
07:24
any people whatsoever -- was illegitimate.
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那麼這樣的解釋一定是有悖教律的
07:27
Saint Augustine made exactly the same point.
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聖．奧古斯丁(Saint Augustine)的看法與之不謀而合
07:30
Scripture, he says, "teaches nothing but charity, and we must not leave
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他說:"經文要教給我們的，其實除了仁慈之外並無其他的東西
07:36
an interpretation of Scripture until we have found a compassionate interpretation of it."
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對經文唯一合理的解釋，就是充滿仁愛的解釋"
07:43
And this struggle to find compassion in some of these rather rebarbative texts
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有一些經文看上去令人生厭，要從中找到仁慈
07:49
is a good dress rehearsal for doing the same in ordinary life. (Applause)
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這本身就是對在生活中實踐這些教義的最好預演(掌聲)
07:55
But now look at our world. And we are living in a world that is --
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現在看看我們這個世界。我們生活在一個
08:02
where religion has been hijacked. Where terrorists cite Quranic verses to justify their atrocities.
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信仰被劫持的現實之中。恐怖份子打著可蘭經的旗號大施其暴
08:13
Where instead of taking Jesus' words, "Love your enemies.
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僅管耶穌早箴言:"要愛你的敵人，
08:20
Don't judge others," we have the spectacle of Christians endlessly judging other people,
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不要妄斷他人"，還是有基督徒仍然我行我素的對他人妄加推測
08:27
endlessly using Scripture as a way of arguing with other people,
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沒完沒了的拿著聖經要跟別人一爭高下，
08:33
putting other people down. Throughout the ages, religion has been used to oppress others,
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直到打倒別人。這麼多年來，宗教一直被當做打壓他人的武器，
08:41
and this is because of human ego, human greed.
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而這完全是出於人類的自負和貪婪
08:45
We have a talent as a species for messing up wonderful things.
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我們人類有著破壞美好事物的天賦
08:50
So the traditions also insisted -- and this is an important point, I think --
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我們的傳統同時教導我們，這一點我認為非常的重要，
08:57
that you could not and must not confine your compassion
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那就是你不能只把仁愛施向
09:00
to your own group: your own nation, your own co-religionists,
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你自己身旁的人:你的國家、跟你有著同樣信仰的人、
09:07
your own fellow countrymen. You must have what one of the Chinese sages called "jian ai":
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你的同鄉。你必需擁有一顆中國人所說的"仁愛之心，
09:12
concern for everybody. Love your enemies. Honor the stranger.
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也就是要關心他人、愛你的敵人、尊重陌生人
09:18
We formed you, says the Quran, into tribes and nations so that you may know one another.
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可蘭經說的很好:"我把你們分成部落、族群，是要你們去互相瞭解對方"
09:24
And this, again -- this universal outreach -- is getting subdued in the strident use of religion --
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但這傳統，這個心懷大愛的傳統，正被以宗教之名
09:34
abuse of religion -- for nefarious gains.
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利用於達到邪惡目的、和對信仰的濫用中消失殆盡。
09:40
Now, I've lost count of the number of taxi drivers who,
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我已經不記得有多少計程車司機，
09:44
when I say to them what I do for a living, inform me that religion
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在得知我做甚麼工作的時候告訴我說
09:49
has been the cause of all the major world wars in history. Wrong.
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歷史上所有主要的戰爭都是宗教引起的。錯!
09:53
The causes of our present woes are political.
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這些紛爭都是政治引起的
09:58
But, make no mistake about it, religion is a kind of fault line,
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但不否認，宗教可能成為障礙點，
10:09
and when a conflict gets ingrained in a region, religion can get sucked in
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當一場衝突跟宗教攪在一起的時候，宗教就可能陷入其中
10:13
and become part of the problem. Our modernity has been exceedingly violent.
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成為問題的一部份。我們的近代史之中充滿了暴力
10:18
Between 1914 and 1945, 70 million people died in Europe alone as a result of armed conflict.
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1914年到1945年之間，光是歐洲地區就有七千萬人死於暴力衝突之中
10:28
And so many of our institutions, even football, which used to be a pleasant pastime,
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有很多現在我們社會中的活動，像是足球這樣應該是消遣的娛樂活動
10:37
now causes riots where people even die.
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如今也會引發暴亂，引起死亡
10:42
And it's not surprising that religion, too, has been affected by this violent ethos.
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宗教也會受到這些暴力因素的影響，這並不奇怪
10:49
There's also a great deal, I think, of religious illiteracy around.
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況且還存在著大量的宗教文盲群體
10:57
People seem to think, now equate religious faith with believing things.
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人們總是認為宗教信仰就是去相信一些事情
11:02
As though that -- we call religious people often believers,
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所以我們經常把宗教人式稱為信徒
11:07
as though that were the main thing that they do. And very often, secondary goals
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就好像這是他們的全部，而他們主要也就是只有做這些事。常常是這樣，次要的目標
11:14
get pushed into the first place, in place of compassion and the Golden Rule.
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取代了主要的目標，取代了"仁愛"原則和黃金法則
11:20
Because the Golden Rule is difficult. I sometimes -- when I'm speaking to
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因為黃金法則很難做到。有時候，當我向大眾
11:26
congregations about compassion, I sometimes see
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宣講仁愛的時候，我有時候會看到
11:30
a mutinous expression crossing some of their faces because
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他們臉上都有抗拒的表情，這是因為宗教
11:37
a lot of religious people prefer to be right, rather than compassionate. (Laughter)
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很多宗教人士更熱衷於爭論誰對誰錯，而不是如何施以仁愛之心(笑聲)
11:43
Now -- but that's not the whole story.
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其實還不只是這樣
11:47
Since September the 11th, when my work on Islam suddenly propelled me
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自從911發生之後，我對伊斯蘭教的研究瞬間把我
11:53
into public life, in a way that I'd never imagined, I've been able to sort of go all over the world,
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推向公眾視野，這是我始料未及的。我也有機會到全世界各地走走
12:00
and finding, everywhere I go, a yearning for change.
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從而發現無論我走到哪裡，渴望改變的呼聲無所不在
12:06
I've just come back from Pakistan, where literally thousands of people came to my lectures,
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我剛從巴基斯坦回來，那裏有數以千計的人來聽我的演講
12:14
because they were yearning, first of all, to hear a friendly Western voice.
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因為首先他們非常希望聽到一些來自西方友好的聲音
12:18
And especially the young people were coming. And were asking me --
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特別是有很多年輕的聽眾，他們問我
12:25
the young people were saying, "What can we do? What can we do to change things?"
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這些年輕人說:"我們能做些什麼?我們要怎麼做才能改變現狀?"
12:30
And my hosts in Pakistan said, "Look, don't be too polite to us.
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巴基斯坦的主持人說:"看看，你不要對我們太禮貌了
12:37
Tell us where we're going wrong. Let's talk together about where religion is failing."
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告訴我們哪裡出了問題。讓我們一起來討論到底為甚麼信仰會導致這樣的結果"
12:43
Because it seems to me that with -- our current situation is so serious
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在我看來，在我們現實狀況如此嚴峻之下，
12:50
at the moment that any ideology that doesn't promote a sense of global understanding
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任何不提倡增進全球範圍內互相理解和欣賞
12:59
and global appreciation of each other is failing the test of the time.
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的意識形態都將難以通過時間的檢驗
13:05
And religion, with its wide following ... Here in the United States,
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宗教信仰目前還是很受追捧的。在美國
13:11
people may be being religious in a different way, as a report has just shown --
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儘管像報告所顯示，人們可能用著不同方式信仰宗教
13:17
but they still want to be religious. It's only Western Europe that has retained its secularism,
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但是人們還是希望擁有信仰的。只有西歐仍保持著現世主義，
13:25
which is now beginning to look rather endearingly old-fashioned.
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這現在看起來稍微有些過時了
13:28
But people want to be religious, and religion should be made
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人們還是希望有信仰的，宗教也應該成為
13:35
to be a force for harmony in the world, which it can and should be --
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一個社會和諧的推動力量。宗教有這個能力，也應該這樣去做
13:40
because of the Golden Rule.
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這都是因為黃金法則的存在
13:43
"Do not do to others what you would not have them do to you":
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"己所不欲，勿施於人"
13:47
an ethos that should now be applied globally.
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這是一個全球適用的準則
13:50
We should not treat other nations as we would not wish to be treated ourselves.
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我們不應該把自己不願意做的事情強加於別國，
13:57
And these -- whatever our wretched beliefs -- is a religious matter, it's a spiritual matter.
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無論我們具體的信仰是什麼，這都是有關宗教、有關精神的準則
14:05
It's a profound moral matter that engages and should engage us all.
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這是影響深遠的道德準則，我們每一個人都應該遵循的
14:10
And as I say, there is a hunger for change out there.
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如我所說的，人們對改變的渴望真真切切
14:14
Here in the United States, I think you see it in this election campaign: a longing for change.
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在美國，我相信你們在這次的總統競選中都看到了對於改變的渴望，
14:20
And people in churches all over and mosques all over this continent after September the 11th,
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以及911以後各地的教堂和當地的清真寺
14:30
coming together locally to create networks of understanding.
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攜手創建相互理解的網路
14:36
With the mosque, with the synagogue, saying, "We must start to speak to one another."
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清真寺和猶太教會紛紛提議:"我們必須開始互相對話"
14:41
I think it's time that we moved beyond the idea of toleration and move toward appreciation of the other.
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我認為現在已經到了我們互相容忍走向互相欣賞的時候了
14:52
I'd -- there's one story I'd just like to mention.
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我只想講一個故事
14:57
This comes from "The Iliad." But it tells you what this spirituality should be.
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故事來自《伊利亞特》，但他能告訴我們這種精神是什麼
15:03
You know the story of "The Iliad," the 10-year war between Greece and Troy.
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你們都知道《伊利亞特》的故事，是關於希臘和特洛伊國長達10年間的戰爭
15:08
In one incident, Achilles, the famous warrior of Greece, takes his troops out of the war,
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在一次的事件之中，阿格琉斯(Achilles)，著名的希臘戰士，將自己的隊伍撤離了戰場，
15:13
and the whole war effort suffers. And in the course of the ensuing muddle,
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於是整個戰事受到了影響。在接下來的混戰之中
15:19
his beloved friend, Patroclus, is killed -- and killed in single combat
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他的好朋友，普特洛克勒施(Patroclus)，在一場一對一的戰鬥慘遭殺害，
15:25
by one of the Trojan princes, Hector. And Achilles goes mad with grief and rage and revenge,
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殺他的是特洛伊王子赫克托(Hector)。阿格琉斯既悲痛又憤怒，發誓要報仇
15:30
and he mutilates the body. He kills Hector, he mutilates his body
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他殺了赫克托，然後肢解了他的屍體
15:40
and then he refuses to give the body back for burial to the family,
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他還拒絕將屍體還給赫克施的家人，
15:44
which means that, in Greek ethos, Hector's soul will wander eternally, lost.
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屍體無法下葬，這在古希臘傳統之中就意味著赫克托的靈魂會一直遊蕩，不得安息
15:51
And then one night, Priam, king of Troy, an old man,
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然後有一天晚上，特洛伊的老國王普賴姆(Priam)
15:55
comes into the Greek camp incognito, makes his way to Achilles' tent
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化名來到希臘戰營，找到了阿格琉斯的帳篷，
16:00
to ask for the body of his son.
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向他要自己兒子的屍體
16:03
And everybody is shocked when the old man takes off his head covering and shows himself.
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當老人取下自己的頭巾時，在場的每個人都驚訝不已
16:10
And Achilles looks at him and thinks of his father. And he starts to weep.
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阿格琉斯看著老人，想到了自己的父親，於是開始抽泣
16:18
And Priam looks at the man who has murdered so many of his sons,
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老國王看著這個殺害了無數自己子民的年輕人，
16:22
and he, too, starts to weep. And the sound of their weeping filled the house.
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他也開始哭泣。房屋裡充滿了他們哭泣的聲音
16:27
The Greeks believed that weeping together created a bond between people.
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希臘人相信一起哭泣能拉近人與人之間的感情
16:32
And then Achilles takes the body of Hector, he hands it very tenderly to the father,
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於是阿格琉斯拿出赫克托的屍體，小心翼翼地歸還給老國王
16:40
and the two men look at each other, and see each other as divine.
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兩個人對視一眼，都將對方視為聖者
16:45
That is the ethos found, too, in all the religions.
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這種精神存在於所有的宗教信仰之中
16:53
It's what is meant by overcoming the horror that we feel when we are under threat of our enemies,
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就是我們能夠克服在受到敵人威脅時所感到的恐懼
16:59
and beginning to appreciate the other.
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並最終開始能夠欣賞我們的敵人
17:02
It's of great importance that the word for "holy" in Hebrew, applied to God, is "Kadosh": separate, other.
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"神聖"這個詞在希伯來語中，當用來形容上帝的時候，是"Kadosh"，也就是獨特的、另一方的意思，這個詞意義非凡
17:11
And it is often, perhaps, the very otherness of our enemies which can
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很多時候，也許正是敵人身上的這種"異質"，
17:17
give us intimations of that utterly mysterious transcendence which is God.
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幫我們接受來自上帝的神祕暗示
17:23
And now, here's my wish:
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下面是我的願望:
17:26
I wish that you would help with the creation,
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我希望妳們能幫助創建、
17:32
launch and propagation of a Charter for Compassion,
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啟動和宣傳"仁愛憲章"
17:38
crafted by a group of inspirational thinkers from
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它是由一個創新思想家團體起草的
17:44
the three Abrahamic traditions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam,
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這些哲人來自有著共同亞伯拉罕祖先的三個宗教:猶太教、基督教和伊斯蘭教
17:48
and based on the fundamental principle of the Golden Rule.
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憲章的撰寫以"黃金法則"作為基本原則
17:53
We need to create a movement among all these people that I meet in my travels --
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我們需要發起一場運動，把我在路途上遇到的這些人都團結在一起
18:01
you probably meet, too -- who want to join up, in some way,
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這些人你們可能也曾碰到過，他們希望以某種方式團結起來
18:05
and reclaim their faith, which they feel, as I say, has been hijacked.
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為他們已經被劫持的宗教信仰正名
18:10
We need to empower people to remember the compassionate ethos,
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我們需要讓人們重拾"仁愛"之心
18:16
and to give guidelines. This Charter would not be a massive document.
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並對他們進行引導。這個憲章不會是個面面俱到的大部頭經文
18:20
I'd like to see it -- to give guidelines as to how to interpret the Scriptures,
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我希望看到的是，它引導人們如何對宗教經典進行正確的解讀
18:28
these texts that are being abused. Remember what the rabbis and what Augustine
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因為這些經文已經被濫用了。還記得拉比們和奧古斯汀說過的
18:34
said about how Scripture should be governed by the principle of charity.
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經文應該服務於慈善原則嗎?
18:37
Let's get back to that. And the idea, too, of Jews, Christians and Muslims --
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讓我們回到這個原則。這個原則是猶太人、基督徒和穆斯林共同的傳統
18:43
these traditions now so often at loggerheads -- working together to
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然而這些傳統如今經常互相發生不和。我們想團結起來
18:48
create a document which we hope will be signed by a thousand, at least,
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創建一個文檔，讓世界各地至少一千位
18:55
of major religious leaders from all the traditions of the world.
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主要的宗教領袖聯合簽名
18:59
And you are the people. I'm just a solitary scholar.
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你們才是行動者，我只是一個孤零零的學者
19:03
Despite the idea that I love a good time, which I was rather amazed to see coming up on me
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儘管我是個不喜歡孤軍奮戰的人，但(這個運動這麼受歡迎)還是出乎我的意料-
19:09
-- I actually spend a great deal of time alone, studying, and I'm not very --
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我其實花了很多時間一個人待著做研究。我並不是非常...
19:15
you're the people with media knowledge to explain to me how we can get this to everybody,
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你們才是具備了媒體知識的人，能夠教我如何把這些信息傳達給每個人
19:22
everybody on the planet. I've had some preliminary talks,
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這個地球上的每個人。我已經做過一些預演性的演講
19:26
and Archbishop Desmond Tutu, for example,
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比如說屠圖大主教
19:29
is very happy to give his name to this, as is Imam Feisal Rauf, the Imam in New York City.
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就很高興把他的名字給我，菲索．洛夫(Faisal Rauf)，紐約市的伊瑪目，也非常樂意
19:39
Also, I would be working with the Alliance of Civilizations at the United Nations.
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我還將跟聯合國的"文明戰線"一起工作
19:47
I was part of that United Nations initiative called the Alliance of Civilizations,
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我是聯合國發起的"文明戰線"組織的一員
19:55
which was asked by Kofi Annan to diagnose the causes of extremism,
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這個組織是由科菲．安南建議創建，用來診斷宗教及極端分子的起源
20:01
and to give practical guidelines to member states about how to avoid the escalation of further extremism.
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並向成員國提共預防極端活動升級的實用指南
20:10
And the Alliance has told me that they are very happy to work with it.
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"文明戰線"的人們告訴我說他們很樂意為這而工作
20:14
The importance of this is that this is -- I can see some of you starting to look worried,
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這件事情的重要性在於 - 我能看到你們臉上已經有些擔憂的表情了
20:20
because you think it's a slow and cumbersome body --
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因為你們認為這將是個緩慢又累贅的機構
20:23
but what the United Nations can do is give us some neutrality,
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但聯合國能夠給我們的工作提供一些中立性
20:26
so that this isn't seen as a Western or a Christian initiative, but that it's coming,
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證明這些工作不適一個西方的或者基督教的活動，而是來自
20:32
as it were, from the United Nations, from the world --
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聯合國，來自整個世界
20:35
who would help with the sort of bureaucracy of this.
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的所有願意伸出援手的人
20:41
And so I do urge you to join me in making -- in this charter --
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因此我鼓勵你們加入這個行動
20:47
to building this charter, launching it and propagating it so that it becomes --
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一起來創建這個憲章、啟動和宣傳這個憲章，從而讓它
20:55
I'd like to see it in every college, every church, every mosque, every synagogue in the world,
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我希望看到它進入世界上每一所大學，每一個教堂，每一個清真寺和每一個猶太教會
21:04
so that people can look at their tradition, reclaim it, and make religion a source of peace in the world,
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這樣的話人們可以看到它們的宗教傳統，重塑這些傳統，讓宗教成為世界和平的源頭，
21:13
which it can and should be. Thank you very much. (Applause)
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宗教有這個能力也應該這樣去做。非常感謝大家(鼓掌)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Karen Armstrong - Religious scholarKaren Armstrong -- winner of the 2008 TED Prize -- is a provocative, original thinker on the role of religion in the modern world.
Why you should listen
Religious thinker Karen Armstrong has written more than 20 books on faith and the major religions, studying what Islam, Judaism and Christianity have in common, and how our faiths shaped world history and drive current events.
A former nun, Armstrong has written two books about this experience: Through the Narrow Gate, about her seven years in the convent, and The Spiral Staircase, about her subsequent spiritual awakening, when she developed her iconoclastic take on the major monotheistic religions -- and on the strains of fundamentalism common to all. She is a powerful voice for ecumenical understanding.
Armstrong's 2008 TED Prize wish asked the world to help her create the Charter for Compassion, a document based on the Golden Rule: that we should treat others how we would want to be treated. In fall 2008, the first draft of the charter was written by the world, via a multilingual website that allowed all to comment. In February 2009, the words were given to the Council of Conscience, a gathering of religious leaders and thinkers, who crafted the final document based on global input. The Charter was officially launched in November 2009. It has been signed by notable world leaders including Pope Benedict XVI, the Dalai Lama, Desmond Tutu, Deepak Chopra and Muhammad Ali. The Charter has led to the creation of the Charter for Compassion International (CCI) organization, the Compassionate Communities campaign, and Global Compassion Council -- a group of leaders continuing the movement around the the world.
Karen Armstrong | Speaker | TED.com