TEDxBeaconStreet
Naomi McDougall Jones: What it's like to be a woman in Hollywood
娜歐蜜·麥克杜格爾·瓊斯: 在好萊塢身為女性是什麼感覺？
Filmed:
Readability: 3.4
1,156,562 views
我們在電影中所看見的內容對我們有影響：它會影響我們的興趣、職涯選擇、情緒、甚至身份認同感。現在，我們還沒有在螢幕上或攝影機後看到足夠的女性。但娜歐蜜麥克杜格爾瓊斯說，無法等待好萊塢發展出良心來解決問題。聽聽這位女演員兼激進份子描述她為好萊塢革命所設計的四要點計畫，讓一起來協助她。
Naomi McDougall Jones - Actress, writer, producer, activist
Naomi McDougall Jones is a vocal advocate and activist for bringing gender parity to film, both on and off screen. Full bio
Naomi McDougall Jones is a vocal advocate and activist for bringing gender parity to film, both on and off screen. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
I'm going to begin today with a story
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今天，我打算用一個故事開頭，
00:15
and end with a revolution.
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以一場革命來結束。
00:17
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
00:18
Are you ready?
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你們準備好了嗎？
00:20
Audience: Yes!
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觀眾：準備好了！
00:21
Naomi McDougall-Jones: Here's the story.
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娜歐蜜麥克杜格爾瓊斯：
故事是這樣的。
故事是這樣的。
00:23
All my life I wanted to be an actress.
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我一生的志願就是當演員。
00:25
From the time I was very small,
I could feel the magic of storytelling
I could feel the magic of storytelling
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從我非常小的時候，
我就能感受到說故事的魔力，
我就能感受到說故事的魔力，
00:28
and I wanted to be a part of it.
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而我想要參與其中。
00:30
So, at the ripe age of 21,
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所以，在我步入成熟的 21 歲時，
00:32
I graduated from the American
Academy of Dramatic Arts
Academy of Dramatic Arts
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我從紐約市的美國藝術戲劇
00:35
in New York City,
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學院畢業，
00:36
bright-eyed and bushy-tailed,
and ready to take my rightful place
and ready to take my rightful place
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我又有熱情又快樂，
準備要理所當然地成為
準備要理所當然地成為
00:39
as the next Meryl Streep.
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第二個梅莉史翠普。
00:41
That's my grandmother, not Meryl Streep.
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那是我祖母，不是梅莉史翠普。
00:43
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
00:44
Now, it's important for this story
that you understand
that you understand
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這個故事很重要的一點，
是你們要知道，
是你們要知道，
00:47
that I was raised by a raging feminist.
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養大我的是個憤怒的女權主義者。
00:49
I mean, just to give you some idea:
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先讓你們有點概念：
00:51
when I was five or six years old
and obsessed with "The Sound of Music,"
and obsessed with "The Sound of Music,"
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我五六歲時很迷《真善美》，
00:54
and running around, singing,
"I am 16 going on 17,"
"I am 16 going on 17,"
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總是每天且整天跑來跑去，
唱著「十六歲快要十七歲」，
00:57
all day every day,
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00:58
my mother sat me down
for a very serious conversation
for a very serious conversation
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我媽讓我坐下來，
和她進行了場很嚴肅的對談，
和她進行了場很嚴肅的對談，
01:01
and she said, "OK, look.
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她說：「好，聽著，
01:03
I'm not going to say
that you can't sing that song,
that you can't sing that song,
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我並不是說你不能唱那首歌，
01:06
but if you are going to sing that song,
I do need you to understand
I do need you to understand
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但若你要唱那首歌，我要你了解，
01:10
the extremely problematic
gender construct that it reinforces."
gender construct that it reinforces."
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它讓極有問題的性別架構被強化。」
01:13
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
01:15
So that's where I come from.
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我就來自這樣的家庭。
01:16
So it just honestly never
even occurred to me
even occurred to me
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老實說，我從來沒有想過
01:19
that I would be prevented
from doing anything in my life
from doing anything in my life
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身為女人會影響到我在人生中
01:21
because I'm a woman.
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做任何事。
01:23
OK. So I graduate.
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好，所以我畢業了。
01:24
And I start auditioning
and I get work, slowly.
and I get work, slowly.
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我開始去試鏡，慢慢有了工作。
01:27
But I just start noticing
that the parts available for women
that the parts available for women
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但我開始注意到，女性的角色
01:30
are terrible.
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都很糟糕。
01:32
But, remember -- I came here
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但，請記得——我來這裡
01:34
to play smart, willful,
complicated, interesting
complicated, interesting
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是要扮演聰明、機智、難懂、有趣、
01:37
complex, confident
female characters, right?
female characters, right?
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複雜、自信的女性角色，對吧？
01:40
Like Meryl.
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就像梅莉。
01:42
And all of the sudden,
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突然間，
01:43
I am wrestling with 300 other
gorgeous, talented women
gorgeous, talented women
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我要和三百個有才華的美女競爭，
01:47
to play ...
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扮演……
01:48
"[Female] No dialogue.
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「【女人】沒有對白。
01:50
The character only needs
to stand on a balcony,
to stand on a balcony,
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這個角色只需要站在陽台上，
01:53
look forlorn, and walk back
inside the house.
inside the house.
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看起來很孤獨，然後走進房子裡。
01:55
Only partial nudity."
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只要部份裸露。」
01:57
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
01:58
"[Sarah] Brian's love interest.
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「【莎菈】布萊恩想追的對象。
02:00
Attractive, cute, and flirty,
she is the ideal girl and Brian's prize
she is the ideal girl and Brian's prize
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有吸引力、漂亮、會調情，
是個理想的女孩，整部片從頭到尾
是個理想的女孩，整部片從頭到尾
她都是布萊恩的錦標。」
02:04
throughout the entire film."
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02:07
"[Mom] A proper Southern belle
who is making peace with the fact
who is making peace with the fact
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「【媽媽】高尚的南方美女，
她在試著接受一個事實：
她在試著接受一個事實：
02:11
that her only purpose in life
is to tend to her husband."
is to tend to her husband."
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她人生的唯一目的
就是照料她先生。」
就是照料她先生。」
02:14
"[Abby] Must be OK
with a tastefully shot gang rape,
with a tastefully shot gang rape,
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「【艾比】必須要能夠接受
拍一個集體強暴的高雅鏡頭，
拍一個集體強暴的高雅鏡頭，
02:18
along with performing 19th-century dance."
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同時要表演十九世紀舞蹈。」
02:20
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
02:23
Those are actual casting notices.
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那些都是真正的角色甄選通告。
02:26
And so I just mentioned this
to my agent one day,
to my agent one day,
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所以有天我就和我的經紀人
提了這件事，
提了這件事，
02:28
I say, "I feel like I'm not really
going in for parts
going in for parts
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我說：「我覺得演戲真的開心，
02:31
that I'm actually excited about playing.
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但我真的不喜歡那些角色。」
02:34
And he said, "Yeah. I don't really know
what to do with you.
what to do with you.
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他說：「嗯。我不知道該拿你怎麼辦。
02:37
You're too smart for the parts
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對於劇本中那些二十多歲
02:39
that are being written
for women in their 20s,
for women in their 20s,
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的女性角色來說，你太聰明了，
你又沒漂亮到能演
火辣的角色，所以我想
火辣的角色，所以我想
02:41
and you're not quite pretty enough
to be the hot one,
to be the hot one,
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02:43
so I think you'll work when you're 35."
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當你三十五歲時你就會有工作了。」
02:45
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
02:47
And I said, "Oh. That's funny.
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我說：「喔，真好笑。
02:48
I always thought that when you were 35,
you were kind of, like,
you were kind of, like,
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我一直以為當你三十五歲時，
你就有點算是開始
你就有點算是開始
走下坡的女演員了，
02:51
over the hill as an actress,
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02:53
that you were relegated to playing
20-year-olds' mothers."
20-year-olds' mothers."
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你會被降級去演
二十多歲角色的媽媽。」
二十多歲角色的媽媽。」
02:56
And he said, "Yeah --
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他說：「是的——
02:57
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
03:00
It's just the way it is."
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現實就是這樣。」
03:02
So, maybe a year or so after this,
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所以，大約一年之後，
03:05
I'm having lunch
with an actress friend of mine,
with an actress friend of mine,
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我和一位女演員朋友吃午餐，
03:07
and we're talking about
how insane this is.
how insane this is.
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我們在談論這狀況有多荒唐。
03:09
And we decide, you know what? No problem.
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我們決定，你們
知道怎樣嗎？沒問題。
知道怎樣嗎？沒問題。
03:12
We'll just make our own movie.
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我們就自己拍電影。
03:13
And I'll write and then I'll write it
about two complex female characters.
about two complex female characters.
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我來當編劇，
我會寫兩個複雜的女性角色。
我會寫兩個複雜的女性角色。
03:17
So we do.
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所以我們做了。
03:18
We set out to make this movie,
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我們開始做這部電影，
03:20
and sort of accidentally, we end up hiring
an all-female production team:
an all-female production team:
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有點意外地，我們最後僱用的
製作團隊全是女性：
製作團隊全是女性：
03:23
the writer, directors, producers,
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編劇、導演、製片都是，
03:25
and it's a film about two women.
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而電影內容與兩個女人有關。
03:27
And so pretty soon,
we're sitting in the office
we're sitting in the office
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很快，我們就坐在一個成功的
03:29
of a successful male producer,
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男性製片的辦公室裡，
03:30
and he goes, "OK, girls.
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他說：「好，女孩們。
03:33
So, you do understand that at some point
you are going to have to hire
you are going to have to hire
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你們應該了解，在某個時點，
你們得要僱用
你們得要僱用
03:36
a male producer onboard, right?
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一個男性製片，對吧？
03:38
Just so that people
will trust you with their money."
will trust you with their money."
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這樣人們能會放心把錢給你們。」
03:43
Over and over again, people tell us,
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一而再，再而三，人們告訴我們：
03:45
"Yeah, but people don't really
want to see films about women,
want to see films about women,
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「好，但人們並不想要看
關於兩個女人的電影，
關於兩個女人的電影，
03:48
so maybe you should think about
making something else.
making something else.
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也許你們應該要想想拍別的電影。
03:51
It's just the way it is."
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現實就是如此。」
03:54
So we make the movie, anyway.
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但我們還是拍了那部電影。
03:55
We scrape together 80,000 dollars,
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我們勉強湊到 8 萬美元，
03:58
and we make it, and it does so well.
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我們拍了電影，結果非常好。
04:00
It gets into tons of festivals
and we win a lot of awards
and we win a lot of awards
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它入選了一堆影展，
我們贏得了好多獎，
我們贏得了好多獎，
04:03
and it's big and exciting.
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它很受歡迎、讓人興奮。
04:06
But these experiences I've had
just keep rubbing at me.
just keep rubbing at me.
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但這些經歷一直讓我不舒服。
04:09
And so, I just start talking about them,
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所以，我開始談這些經歷，
04:11
first, at Q and A's after
screenings of the film,
screenings of the film,
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首先是在電影試片之後的問答時間，
04:14
and then I get invited to be on panels
and talk at conferences.
and talk at conferences.
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接著，我被邀請去當審查員，
並在會議上演說。
並在會議上演說。
04:17
And the really amazing thing
is that, to begin with,
is that, to begin with,
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而很驚人的首先是
當我在和觀眾
04:20
when I'm just talking to audiences
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04:22
and other people, you know,
coming up in the film industry,
coming up in the film industry,
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以及其他電影產業人對話時，
04:25
the universal reaction is,
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所有人的反應都是：
04:27
"Oh my god! This is terrible.
What do we do about this?"
What do we do about this?"
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「喔，天，這太糟糕了。
我們要怎麼做？」
我們要怎麼做？」
04:30
But the bigger panels I get on,
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但我進入的審查小組越大，
04:33
suddenly an Oscar nominee tells me,
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突然，有位被奧斯卡
提名過的人告訴我：
提名過的人告訴我：
「聽著，我完全同意你說的。
04:35
"Look, I totally agree
with everything you're saying.
with everything you're saying.
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你得要很注意
在什麼場合說這些話。」
在什麼場合說這些話。」
04:38
You just need to be really careful
about where you say it."
about where you say it."
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04:41
An Oscar-winning producer tells me
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一位奧斯卡金獎製片告訴我，
04:43
that she doesn't think it's a good idea
to play the woman card.
to play the woman card.
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她認為打女性牌並不是個好主意。
04:47
It's just the way it is.
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現實就是如此。
04:50
And I think this is how
sexism continues on in 2016, right?
sexism continues on in 2016, right?
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我想這就是性別歧視如何
在 2016 年繼續延續下去的，對嗎？
在 2016 年繼續延續下去的，對嗎？
04:54
For the most part, it happens casually --
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通常它在不經意間發生了——
04:57
unconsciously, even.
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甚至是無意識地發生的。
04:58
It happens because people
are just trying to get along
are just trying to get along
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它之所以會發生是因為
人們只想和既有的體制和平相處。
05:01
within an existing system.
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05:03
It happens, maybe, out of a genuine desire
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也許，它發生的真正原因
05:06
to teach a young woman
the way that the world "just is."
the way that the world "just is."
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是想要教導年輕女性
世界的現實「就是如此」。
世界的現實「就是如此」。
05:10
The problem is that unless we do
something about it,
something about it,
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問題是，除非我們為此做點什麼，
05:13
that is the way the world will always be.
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不然世界將永遠都會是如此的。
05:16
So why should you care about this?
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所以，你們為何要在乎這事？
05:18
Right?
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對嗎？
05:19
I mean, we're facing some rather
significant problems in the world
significant problems in the world
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我們目前在面臨世界上的一些
05:22
just at present,
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更重大的問題，
05:24
what does it really matter
if I can't get a job,
if I can't get a job,
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如果我無法找到工作，或是你已經
05:26
or you're stuck watching
"Transformer 17," right?
"Transformer 17," right?
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看膩了《變形金剛 17》，又如何？
05:28
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
05:30
Well, let me put it to you this way:
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讓我為各位用這種方式說明：
05:32
the year "Jaws" came out,
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《大白鯊》推出的那年，
05:34
Americans suddenly started listing
"sharks" among their top 10 major fears.
"sharks" among their top 10 major fears.
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美國人突然開始把鯊魚列入
他們的前十大恐懼當中。
他們的前十大恐懼當中。
05:40
In 1995, BMW paid the James Bond franchise
three million dollars
three million dollars
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在 1995 年，寶馬（BMW）付給
詹姆士龐德系列電影三百萬美元，
詹姆士龐德系列電影三百萬美元，
05:45
to have James Bond switch
from driving an Aston Martin
from driving an Aston Martin
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讓詹姆士龐德不要
再開奧斯頓馬丁的車，
再開奧斯頓馬丁的車，
05:48
to a BMW Z3.
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改開 BMW Z3。
05:51
That one move caused so many people
to go out and buy that car,
to go out and buy that car,
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這一步棋，讓很多人去買了這台車，
05:55
that BMW made 240 million dollars
in pre-sales alone.
in pre-sales alone.
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BMW 光在預售就賺了
兩億四千萬美元。
兩億四千萬美元。
06:01
The year that "Brave"
and "Hunger Games" came out,
and "Hunger Games" came out,
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《勇敢傳說》
和《飢餓遊戲》推出的那年，
和《飢餓遊戲》推出的那年，
06:04
female participation in archery
went up 105 percent.
went up 105 percent.
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女性參與射箭的比率提高 105%。
06:07
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
06:10
In fact, studies show
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事實上，研究顯示，
06:11
that the movies you watch
don't just affect your hobbies,
don't just affect your hobbies,
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你所看的電影不只會影響你的興趣，
06:15
they affect your career choices,
your emotions, your sense of identity,
your emotions, your sense of identity,
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還會影響你的職涯選擇、
你的情緒、你的身份認同感、
你的情緒、你的身份認同感、
06:20
your relationships, your mental health --
even your marital status.
even your marital status.
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你的關係、你的心理健康，
甚至你的婚姻狀況。
甚至你的婚姻狀況。
06:25
So now, consider this:
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所以，想想這點：
06:28
if you have watched
mostly American movies in your lifetime,
mostly American movies in your lifetime,
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如果你一生幾乎都是在看美國電影，
06:33
95 percent of all the films
you have ever seen
you have ever seen
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你所看過的電影中有 95%
06:36
were directed by men.
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是由男導演執導的。
06:39
Somewhere between 80 and 90 percent
of all of the leading characters
of all of the leading characters
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而你所看過的主要角色中，
06:43
that you have ever seen
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有 80% ~ 90%
06:45
were men.
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是男性。
06:46
And even if we just talk about
the last five years,
the last five years,
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即使我們只談最近五年的電影，
06:49
55 percent of the time
that you have seen a woman in a movie,
that you have seen a woman in a movie,
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當你在電影中看到女性，
有 55% 的可能性
有 55% 的可能性
06:53
she was naked or scantily clad.
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她是裸體的或是穿得非常暴露。
06:57
That affects you.
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那會影響你。
06:59
That affects all of us.
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那會影響我們所有人。
07:02
We actually can't even imagine
how much it affects us,
how much it affects us,
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我們其實無法想像
它對我們的影響有多大，
它對我們的影響有多大，
07:05
because this is all we've ever had.
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因為我們看到的向來就是這樣。
07:07
Stories -- and movies
are just modern stories --
are just modern stories --
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故事——電影也只是現代的故事——
07:10
are not frivolous.
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不是輕佻的。
07:12
They're actually the mechanism
through which we process
through which we process
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它們其實是一種機制，
我們透過這機制
我們透過這機制
07:15
our experience of being alive.
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來處理我們活著的經驗。
07:18
They're the way
that we understand the world
that we understand the world
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它們是一種讓我們了解世界的方式，
07:20
and our place in it.
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了解我們世界中的位置。
07:21
They're the way we develop empathy
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它們是我們發展出同理心的方式，
07:23
for people who have experiences
different than our own.
different than our own.
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讓我們能去同情
和我們有不同經歷的人。
和我們有不同經歷的人。
07:27
And right now, all of that
is being funneled at us
is being funneled at us
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而現在上述的這一切
都是透過單一觀點的棱鏡
過濾之後才呈現給我們。
過濾之後才呈現給我們。
07:30
through the prism of this one perspective.
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07:33
It's not that it's a bad perspective,
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並不是說這觀點不好，
07:34
but don't we deserve to hear them all?
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但我們難道不能聽見所有觀點嗎？
07:37
How would the world be different
if all of the stories were told?
if all of the stories were told?
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如果所有的故事都能被訴說，
世界會有多麼不同？
世界會有多麼不同？
07:41
So what do we do about this?
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對此，我們能做些什麼？
07:43
This may be the first time
a lot of you are hearing about this,
a lot of you are hearing about this,
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在座可能有很多人初次聽到這件事，
07:46
but a lot of us within the film industry
have spent years --
have spent years --
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但在電影產業中有很多人，
已經花了數年時間——
已經花了數年時間——
07:50
a lot of people,
a lot longer than I have --
a lot longer than I have --
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很多人，花了比我更多的時間——
07:52
giving speeches and doing panels
and writing articles
and writing articles
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演講、審查、寫文章、
07:55
and doing studies,
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做研究，
07:56
and really just yelling at Hollywood
to do a better job about this.
to do a better job about this.
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可說就是對著好萊塢大聲疾呼
要把這件事處理得更好些。
要把這件事處理得更好些。
08:00
I mean, we have really yelled at them.
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我們都真的對他們大聲疾呼過。
08:04
And yet, Paramount and Fox
recently released their slates,
recently released their slates,
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然而，派拉蒙和福斯最近
發佈了它們的預定片單，
發佈了它們的預定片單，
08:08
and of the 47 films that they will release
between now and 2017,
between now and 2017,
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從現在到 2018 年之間，
它們要推出的 47 部電影當中，
它們要推出的 47 部電影當中，
08:13
not a single one
will be directed by a woman.
will be directed by a woman.
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沒有一部是由女導演執導的。
08:19
So it is beginning to occur to me
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所以，這讓我想到，
08:21
that waiting for Hollywood
to grow a conscience
to grow a conscience
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等待好萊塢發展出良心來
08:24
may not actually be a winning strategy.
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其實可能不是很有用的策略。
08:27
In fact, it seems to me
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事實上，我覺得
08:28
that whenever there is a small,
ruling class of people
ruling class of people
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不論何時，只要有
一小群有支配權的人，
一小群有支配權的人，
08:31
who have all of the money
and power and resources,
and power and resources,
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當他們掌握所有的
金錢、權力、資源時，
金錢、權力、資源時，
08:34
they're not actually that excited
about giving it up.
about giving it up.
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他們其實不太會想要放棄那些。
08:37
And so you don't get change by asking them
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所以若想要得到改變，
不能只是請求他們，
不能只是請求他們，
08:40
or even yelling at them.
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或甚至對他們大聲疾呼。
08:42
You have to make that change happen
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你得要讓改變發生，
08:45
through a revolution.
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透過革命來實現。
08:47
Now, please don't worry --
I promise you, here, now, today,
I promise you, here, now, today,
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請別擔心——我現在在這裡保證，
08:52
our body count will be very low.
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我們不會死很多人。
08:54
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
08:56
So, now before I get to my four-point
plan for the revolution --
plan for the revolution --
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所以，在我談我為革命
所做的四要點計畫之前——
所做的四要點計畫之前——
是的，我有個四要點計畫——
09:00
yes, I have a four-point plan --
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09:01
I have two pieces of very good
and important news for you.
and important news for you.
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我有兩個非常好的
重要消息要告訴你們。
重要消息要告訴你們。
09:04
Good news number one:
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好消息一：
09:06
there are female filmmakers.
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電影製作人有女的。
09:08
(Cheers and applause)
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（歡呼與掌聲）
09:09
Yes! I know!
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是啊！我知道！
09:11
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
09:12
We exist!
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我們存在！
09:14
We actually graduate from film schools
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其實，從電影學校畢業的女性，
09:16
at the same rate that men
do -- 50 percent.
do -- 50 percent.
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比例和男性是一樣的，50%。
09:18
So here we have our 50 women.
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這裡，我們有 50 個女性。
09:21
The problem is that as soon as you get
to the micro-budget film,
to the micro-budget film,
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問題是，到了要拍
微型預算的電影時，
微型預算的電影時，
09:24
so even the very smallest films,
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甚至最低成本的電影，
09:26
we're already only directing 18 percent.
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就只剩 18% 的女性導演了。
09:29
Then you get to slightly bigger films,
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如果去拍大一點的電影，
09:31
indies in the $1-5 million budget range,
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預算在 100 到 500 百萬
美金之間的獨立製片，
美金之間的獨立製片，
09:34
and we go down to 12 percent.
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女導演比例降至 12%。
09:36
So by the time you get
to the studio system,
to the studio system,
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到了電影製片廠體系的時候，
09:38
we're only directing
five percent of movies.
five percent of movies.
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只剩 5% 的電影導演是女性了。
09:41
Now, I know some of you out there
will look at this
will look at this
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我知道有些人會看著這些數據，
09:45
and secretly think to yourselves,
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自己暗地裡心想：
09:46
"Well, maybe women
just aren't as good at directing movies."
just aren't as good at directing movies."
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「也許女性就是不擅長執導電影。」
09:50
And that's not a totally insane question.
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那並不是個非常荒唐的問題。
09:52
I mean, we like to believe
the film industry is a meritocracy, right?
the film industry is a meritocracy, right?
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我們願意相信電影產業
是精英領導的，對吧？
是精英領導的，對吧？
09:56
(Laughs)
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（笑）
09:57
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
09:59
But look at this trajectory.
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但看看這個軌跡。
10:01
Either you have to accept
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你可以選擇接受
10:02
that women are actually
five percent as talented as men,
five percent as talented as men,
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女性的才華只有男性的 5%，
10:06
which I don't,
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而我不接受，
10:08
or you have to accept
that there are serious systemic issues
that there are serious systemic issues
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你也可以選擇接受，
這體系有著嚴重的問題，
這體系有著嚴重的問題，
10:11
preventing us from getting
from here to there.
from here to there.
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讓我們女性無法從這裡到達那裡。
10:14
But the good news is, we exist,
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但好消息是，我們存在，
10:16
and there is a vast amount
of untapped potential over here.
of untapped potential over here.
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且有非常大量未開發的潛力在這裡。
10:20
Good news number two,
and this is really good news:
and this is really good news:
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好消息二：這是很好的消息。
10:25
films by and about women make more money.
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由女性製作
和關於女性的電影比較賺錢。
和關於女性的電影比較賺錢。
10:29
Yes! Yes! It's true!
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好啊！好啊！這是真的！
10:32
(Cheers and applause)
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（歡呼和掌聲）
10:33
It's true.
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這是真的。
10:35
The Washington Post
recently released a study
recently released a study
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華盛頓郵報最近釋出的
一項研究顯示，
一項研究顯示，
10:37
showing that films that feature women
make 23 cents more on every dollar
make 23 cents more on every dollar
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比起沒有主打女性的電影，
主打女性的電影每一塊錢成本
主打女性的電影每一塊錢成本
10:42
than films that don't.
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能多賺 23 分錢。
10:44
Furthermore, my colleagues and I
commissioned a study
commissioned a study
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此外，我同事和我
委外做了一項研究，
委外做了一項研究，
10:47
comparing 1,700 films
made over the last five years
made over the last five years
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比較了過去五年間的
1,700 部電影，
1,700 部電影，
10:50
and, looking at the average
returns on investment --
returns on investment --
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看看平均的投資報酬率——
10:52
so, how much money does that movie make --
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也就是一部電影能賺多少錢——
10:54
comparing if a man or a woman
filled each of the following roles:
filled each of the following roles:
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研究比較了當下列工作
由男性或女性擔任的差別：
由男性或女性擔任的差別：
10:58
director, producer,
screenwriter and lead actor.
screenwriter and lead actor.
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導演、製片、編劇、主角。
11:01
And in every single category,
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不論哪一個工作，
11:04
the return on investment is higher
if it's a woman.
if it's a woman.
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只要是女性擔任，
投資報酬率就會比較高。
投資報酬率就會比較高。
11:08
Fact: women buy 51 percent
of all movie tickets.
of all movie tickets.
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事實：所有賣出的電影票中，
51% 是女性買的。
51% 是女性買的。
11:13
Films by and about women make more money.
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由女性製作
和關於女性的電影比較賺錢。
和關於女性的電影比較賺錢。
11:15
And of course, at least
some portion of the male population
some portion of the male population
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當然，至少有一部份的男性人口，
11:18
does also like women --
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確實也喜歡女性——
11:20
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
11:23
so "women films" are not just for women.
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所以「女性電影」
並不是只給女性看的。
並不是只給女性看的。
11:26
And yet, Hollywood only targets
18 percent of all of their films
18 percent of all of their films
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但是，好萊塢只把所有電影中的 18%
11:30
as "women films."
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設定為「女性電影」。
11:32
So what you're left with
is a giant underserved audience
is a giant underserved audience
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所以得到的結果是有一堆
被服務不足的觀眾
被服務不足的觀眾
11:36
and untapped profit potential.
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和未開發的利潤潛力。
11:40
So we exist, and we have stories to tell.
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所以，我們存在，
且我們有故事要說。
且我們有故事要說。
11:43
We have so many stories to tell.
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我們有好多故事要說。
11:46
And despite everything we've heard:
you want to see them.
you want to see them.
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儘管我們聽見的一切，
你們想要看這些故事。
你們想要看這些故事。
11:51
The problem is, we've got this thing --
let's call it "Hollywood" --
let's call it "Hollywood" --
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問題是，有這個東西——
我們就叫它「好萊塢」吧——
我們就叫它「好萊塢」吧——
11:55
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
11:57
no, no, I'm just kidding;
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不，不，開玩笑的；
11:58
I've met some very nice
people in Hollywood --
people in Hollywood --
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我在好萊塢遇到一些很好的人——
12:01
Hollywood, preventing us
from getting to you.
from getting to you.
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好萊塢，讓我們女性
無法接觸到你們。
無法接觸到你們。
12:04
So here is my four-point plan
for the revolution,
for the revolution,
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所以，這是我為革命
做的四要點計畫，
做的四要點計畫，
12:06
and everybody -- man or woman,
in this room or anywhere in the world --
in this room or anywhere in the world --
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且每個人——不論男女，
在這裡或在世界各地——
在這裡或在世界各地——
12:09
is going to get to help.
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都能來幫忙。
12:11
And this revolution is not just for women.
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這場革命並不只是為了女性。
12:13
Anyone who has been disenfranchised,
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任何曾經被剝奪權利的人，
12:15
anyone whose story has not been told,
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任何故事還沒有被說出來的人，
12:18
the same principles apply,
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這些原則也適用於他們，
12:20
and I really hope we can do
the revolution together.
the revolution together.
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我真的希望我們能一起革命。
12:24
My four-point plan.
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我的四要點計畫。
12:26
Number one: watch movies.
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第一點：看電影。
12:28
Isn't this a good revolution?
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這不是個很棒的革命嗎？
12:30
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
12:31
OK, first I want to talk to anyone
who watches movies.
who watches movies.
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首先，我想要和任何
會看電影的人談談。
會看電影的人談談。
12:34
Who watches movies in here?
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這裡有誰會看電影？
12:35
Great!
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好極了！
12:37
Will you pledge to watch one film
by a female filmmaker per month?
by a female filmmaker per month?
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你是否願意保證，
一個月看一部女性製片的電影？
一個月看一部女性製片的電影？
12:41
That's it, just start there. Great!
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就這樣，從這開始。好極了！
12:43
If you need help finding them,
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若你需要協助來找這類電影，
12:44
you can go to the website, moviesbyher.com
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可以上這個網站：
moviesbyher.com。
moviesbyher.com。
12:48
It's an easily searchable database
of films by women.
of films by women.
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上面有女性拍的電影的資料庫，
且很容易搜尋。
且很容易搜尋。
12:52
And as you start watching all movies,
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當你開始看所有的電影時，
12:55
I just want you to pay attention
to the female characters.
to the female characters.
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我希望你能留意女性的角色。
12:58
How many of them are there?
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有多少女性角色？
12:59
What are they wearing?
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她們穿什麼？
13:00
Or not?
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或沒穿？
13:02
Do they get to do cool things,
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她們能不能做很酷的事？
13:03
or are they just there
to emotionally support the men?
to emotionally support the men?
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或她們只是扮演男性的
情緒支持角色？
情緒支持角色？
13:07
I'm telling you, once you see this,
you're not going to be able to unsee it.
you're not going to be able to unsee it.
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我告訴各位，一旦你們看到這些，
就無法不再看見。
就無法不再看見。
13:10
And as you start noticing this,
it's going to shift your viewing habits.
it's going to shift your viewing habits.
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當你們開始注意到這些，
你們的觀影習慣就會有所轉變。
你們的觀影習慣就會有所轉變。
13:14
And this already sizable market
is going to continue to grow.
is going to continue to grow.
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而這個已經很大的市場
還會繼續成長。
還會繼續成長。
13:18
Step two: make movies.
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第二點：拍電影。
13:21
So now I'm talking to all
the female filmmakers out there:
the female filmmakers out there:
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我在跟外面所有女性製片說：
13:24
we need you to be very brave.
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我們需要你們提起勇氣。
13:27
It will be harder for you to make movies.
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你們要拍電影會比較困難。
13:30
In fact, there will be an entire industry
constantly telling you
constantly telling you
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事實上，整個產業都會常常告訴你，
13:34
that your stories don't matter.
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你的故事無所謂。
13:36
And we need you to make them, anyway.
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就算如此，你們還是
要去拍這些電影。
要去拍這些電影。
13:38
That 18 percent in the micro-budget
range -- that is on us to fix.
range -- that is on us to fix.
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微型預算電影的那 18%
要靠我們來修正。
要靠我們來修正。
13:43
Don't wait for permission.
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不要等待許可。
13:45
Don't wait for somebody to pick you,
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不要等待別人來選中你，
因為 95% 的人說他們不會選你。
13:47
because 95 percent says
they are not going to.
they are not going to.
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13:50
Crowd fund.
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群眾募資。
13:51
Write letters to eccentric relatives.
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寫信給古怪的親戚。
13:53
I know how hard it is,
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我知道那有多難，
13:54
but you have to make your movies --
now, today, features, not shorts.
now, today, features, not shorts.
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但你得要拍你的電影——現在就拍，
且是拍主流電影，不是短片。
且是拍主流電影，不是短片。
13:59
There is an audience for them,
and they want and need to see them.
and they want and need to see them.
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這些電影有觀眾群，
他們想要也需要看這些電影。
他們想要也需要看這些電影。
14:04
Three: invest in each other.
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第三點：彼此投資。
14:07
Fellow female filmmakers, I feel like
we need to stop wasting so much energy
we need to stop wasting so much energy
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女性製片伙伴們，我覺得
我們需要停止浪費這麼多精力
我們需要停止浪費這麼多精力
在一個不想要我們的體系上。
14:11
on a system that does not want us.
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14:13
We need to find our audience
and invest in cultivating them.
and invest in cultivating them.
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我們得要找到我們的觀眾，
投資在培養他們上面。
投資在培養他們上面。
14:17
If we can figure out
how to make our movies
how to make our movies
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如果我們能想出如何拍我們的電影，
14:19
and deliver them
to the audiences that want them,
to the audiences that want them,
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並將這些電影送到
想看它們的觀眾面前，
想看它們的觀眾面前，
14:22
that's it.
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就這樣。
14:23
That's the whole game.
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整個遊戲就是這樣。
14:24
And whatever they're doing in the middle
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不論他們在中間做什麼，
14:26
is going to cease to be
quite so important.
quite so important.
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都將不會再那麼重要。
14:29
Audiences, invest in us.
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觀眾們，投資我們。
14:32
Help us make the movies
that you want to see.
that you want to see.
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協助我們來拍你們想要看的電影。
14:35
If you can give a female filmmaker
25 dollars in a crowdfunding campaign,
25 dollars in a crowdfunding campaign,
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如果你們能在女性製片人的
群眾募資活動中貢獻出 $25，
群眾募資活動中貢獻出 $25，
14:39
great, do that.
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太好了，請去做。
14:40
If you can invest more seriously
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如果你真的能投資更多，
14:42
and help us over that critical
million-dollar hurdle,
million-dollar hurdle,
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並協助我們跨過那
必要百萬美元的障礙，
必要百萬美元的障礙，
14:44
do that.
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請去做。
14:45
But invest in seeing
the other half of the story.
the other half of the story.
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2739
但要投資去看故事的另一半。
14:50
Four: disrupt through business.
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第四點：透過商業來瓦解。
14:53
So now I'm talking
to all of the businesspeople
to all of the businesspeople
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現在我是在和所有的實業家
14:55
and entrepreneurs.
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和企業家說話。
14:57
This does not happen
very often in the world,
very often in the world,
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2414
在世界上，這並不常發生，
14:59
but right here we have a golden situation
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但在這裡，我們有個黃金情況，
15:02
in which you can enact
significant social change
significant social change
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在這個情況裡，
你可以促成重要的社會改變，
你可以促成重要的社會改變，
15:05
while also making money.
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2000
同時還能賺錢。
15:08
Hollywood is a system ripe for disruption.
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好萊塢是個隨時都可能瓦解的體系。
15:11
The old models of financing
and distribution are crumbling --
and distribution are crumbling --
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老式融資和發行模型正在碎裂中——
15:14
please come in and disrupt it.
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請過來並且將之瓦解。
15:16
I'll give you an example.
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讓我舉一個例子。
15:18
Right now, with some incredible women,
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現在，和一些很棒的女性合作，
15:20
I am launching the "The 51 Fund."
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我要發起「51 基金」。
15:22
It's a venture capital fund
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它是個創投基金，
15:24
that will finance films written, directed
and produced by women
and produced by women
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用來資助由女性編劇、執導、
製片的電影，幫它們取得
製片的電影，幫它們取得
15:27
in that critical $1-5 million range.
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那重要的一到五百萬美元預算。
15:31
We will give a significant number
of female filmmakers
of female filmmakers
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我們會給很多女性電影製作人機會
15:33
the chance to make their movies
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來拍她們自己的電影，
15:35
and we will deliver them
to the audiences who want them.
to the audiences who want them.
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並會把電影送到想要看的觀眾面前。
15:38
Good for equality, good for business.
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對平等是好事，對商業是好事。
15:41
But that's only one example, we need more.
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但那只是一例，我們需要更多。
15:43
There is room for so many more.
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還有空間可以做更多更多。
15:46
So I say to you:
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所以我要對你們說：
15:47
Hollywood is leaving money on the table.
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好萊塢把錢留在桌面上。
15:50
Come pick it up.
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來拿吧。
15:52
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
15:56
Now, all of this may seem like a lot,
but it is actually so doable.
but it is actually so doable.
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所有這一切似乎很高遠，
但實際上是很可行的。
但實際上是很可行的。
16:00
Entrenched systems don't change
because you ask the people in charge,
because you ask the people in charge,
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根深蒂固的體系不會因為
你叫負責的人改變就會改變，
你叫負責的人改變就會改變，
16:04
they change because all of the people
who don't have what they want
who don't have what they want
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他們會改變是因為，所有那些
得不到想要的東西的人
得不到想要的東西的人
16:07
rise up and make that change happen.
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都站出來並且讓改變發生。
16:10
And don't you want to?
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958391
1471
你們不想要嗎？
16:12
I want to see what the other
51 percent of the population has to say.
51 percent of the population has to say.
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我想要看看另外那 51% 的
人口有什麼想說的。
人口有什麼想說的。
16:17
I want to watch movies
that teach me about people
that teach me about people
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我希望我看到的電影，能夠教導我
16:19
who are different than I am.
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認識和我不同的人。
16:21
I want to see women's bodies on film
that aren't perfect.
that aren't perfect.
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我希望在電影中看到的女性
並沒有完美的胴體。
並沒有完美的胴體。
16:26
I want to give our little boys the chance
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我希望能給我們的小男孩一個機會
16:28
to empathize with female characters
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來對女性角色產生同理心，
16:30
so that they can become more whole men.
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這樣他們才會變成更完整的男人。
16:33
And I definitely want
to give a little girl
to give a little girl
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我肯定也希望給那些可能沒有
16:35
who may not have a real-life role model
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真實人生榜樣的小女孩
16:37
the chance to watch movies
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一個機會來看電影，
16:38
and see women doing everything
she dreams of achieving.
she dreams of achieving.
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並看到電影上的女性
在做她所夢想的事。
在做她所夢想的事。
16:42
This is not about
making one industry better.
making one industry better.
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重點並不是要讓一個產業變更好。
16:45
This is about making a better world.
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重點是要讓世界變更好。
16:48
Will you help?
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你們願意幫忙嗎？
16:50
The time for waiting is over.
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等待的時間已經結束了。
16:52
The time for the revolution is now.
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革命的時間就是現在。
16:54
(Cheers and applause)
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（歡呼和掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Naomi McDougall Jones - Actress, writer, producer, activistNaomi McDougall Jones is a vocal advocate and activist for bringing gender parity to film, both on and off screen.
Why you should listen
Naomi McDougall Jones is an award-winning actress, writer, producer and women-in film activist based in New York City.
McDougall Jones wrote, produced and starred in the 2014 indie feature film, Imagine I'm Beautiful, which took home 12 awards on the film festival circuit, including four Best Pictures and, for McDougall Jones, three Best Actress Awards and The Don Award for Best Independently Produced Screenplay of 2014. Imagine I’m Beautiful is a "haunting and empathetic" psychological drama that dissects the fine line between self-invention and destruction. The film received a 10-city theatrical and digital release and is now available on iTunes, Amazon, and GooglePlay.
McDougall Jones's second feature film, Bite Me, is currently in post-production, with an expected 2018 premiere. Bite Me is a subversive romantic comedy about the real-life subculture of people who believe that they're vampires and the IRS agent who audits them. In addition to writing the screenplay, McDougall Jones also stars in the film. She is also currently at work on her third feature screenplay, an as-yet-untitled magical realism film that explores themes of identity, legacy and gender through a modern-day seven-month pregnant woman's unexpected interaction with the brilliant, eccentric and deceased inventor John Hays Hammond, Jr.
McDougall Jones is a vocal advocate and activist for bringing gender parity to film, both on and off screen. She has teamed up with the former CFO of the City of Chicago, Lois Scott, to found The 51 Fund, a VC investment fund will finance films written, directed and produced by women. McDougall Jones is also the Founder of The Women in Film Revolution, the first and only centralized mechanism for leaders of US-based organizations working to bring parity to film to communicate, collaborate, and become a unified movement for change.
McDougall Jones is at work on a book, "The Wrong Kind of Woman: Dismantling the Gods of Hollywood," which will be published by Beacon Press in Fall 2019.
She lives in Brooklyn, NY with her husband, Stephen. She grew up in Aspen, Colorado and attended Cornel University before graduating from The American Academy of Dramatic Arts.
(Photo: Alexandra Turshen)
Naomi McDougall Jones | Speaker | TED.com