Sian Leah Beilock: Why we choke under pressure -- and how to avoid it
سيان ليا بيلوك: لماذا نختنق تحت الضغط وكيف نتجنب ذلك
Sian Leah Beilock studies how performance anxiety can be exacerbated or alleviated, and the simple strategies we can use to ensure success under pressure. Full bio
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is "they choked."
"لقد اختنق''
and I was a goalkeeper,
وكنت حارسة مرمى،
and the worst position on the field.
you get this special uniform,
تحصل على هذا الزي المميز،
for a great shot saved,
when you land a shot in the goal.
عندما يُحرز هدف في المرمى.
one game in high school.
the California state team
Development Program.
was standing right behind me.
كان يقف خلفي تمامًا.
to the bottom of my ability.
changed my performance
غيّر ذلك من أدائي
the mental aspect of how we perform.
عن تأثير حالتنا العقلية على أدائنا.
seemed to go in slow motion,
of those evaluative eyes on me.
does it from time to time --
I like to call the job interview.
أن أطلق عليه مقابلة العمل.
up to our potential under pressure?
تحت الضغط؟
in the case of athletes
physically honing their craft.
في شحذ مهاراتهم جسديًا.
the playing field as well.
of giving a talk,
when it matters most.
we're actually going to perform under,
why is this the case?
facets of my life --
of cognitive science.
our limitless potential.
إلى إمكانياتنا اللامحدودة.
how we could use our knowledge
that would help us perform at our best.
تساعدنا على تقديم أفضل ما لدينا.
to perform up to what we're capable of
ما نحن قادرين عليه
that in stressful situations, we worry.
أنه في المواقف الحرجة، نحن نقلق.
is that we often get in our own way
هو أننا غالبًا ما نقف عقبة بطريق أنفسنا
prompt us to concentrate too much.
to what we're doing.
about performing our best,
aspects of what we're doing
where you're shuffling down the stairs.
you're doing with your knee
you'd fall on your face.
to pay attention to so much at once,
لعدة أشياء في وقت واحد،
to drive and talk on the cell phone.
about performing at our best,
aspects of what we're doing
outside conscious control.
this phenomenon of overattention,
ظاهرة التركيز المفرط،
soccer players to dribble a soccer ball
أن ينططوا كرة قدم
to an aspect of their performance
was contacting the ball.
was slower and more error-prone
to the step-by-step details
with performing at our best,
what we're doing
is that we actually screw up.
to describe a shooter who can't miss.
لوصف الرامي الذي لا يخطأ.
Tim Duncan has said,
that's when you mess up."
هو عندما تخطأ."
George Balanchine,
جورج بلانشين،
in a way that leads to worse performance.
بطريقة تؤدي إلى أداء أسوأ.
this overactive attention,
that we perform at our best?
to the prefrontal cortex,
على القشرة الأمام جبهية،
that sits over our eyes
الذي يقع فوق عيوننا
focus in positive ways.
على التركيز بطرق إيجابية.
was rumored to do,
أن محترف الجولف جاك نيكلاس يفعل،
off those pesky details.
عن هذه التفاصيل المزعجة.
under conditions
training and competition
to that feeling of all eyes on us.
توجه كل الأنظار علينا.
the playing field as well.
a little pressure associated with it --
you're going to perform under
from memory under timed situations,
الإجابة من ذاكرتك في وقت محدد،
who will listen,
or even a mirror.
feel like can make the difference
تشعر به يمكنها إحداث الفارق
to get rid of those pesky worries
للتخلص من هذه المخاوف المزعجة
in the stressful situations.
في المواقف الحرجة.
jotting down your thoughts and worries
to pop up in the moment.
in the middle of the night
about what you have to do the next day,
everything you have to accomplish,
and then you can go back to sleep.
those thoughts down on paper,
أو تدوين هذه الأفكار على الورق،
and distract you in the moment.
perform your best when it matters most.
أنكم ستؤدون أفضل أداء في اللحظة المهمة.
when we put limits on ourselves
نحدّ من أنفسنا
to help perform up to our potential.
على أداء أفضل ما لدينا.
our own individual being
and that can perform poorly;
ويسبب الأداء السيىء،
on whether we choke or thrive.
إن كنا سنختنق أم سننجح.
our coaches, our bosses all influence
كلهم يؤثرون
foot forward when it matters most.
في اللحظة المهمة.
or are anxious about doing math,
أنهم يختنقون أو يفشلون في أداء الرياضيات،
calculating the tip on a dinner bill
أو حتى حساب البقشيش في فاتورة عشاء
or performing poorly in math.
أو سوء الأداء في الرياضيات.
walking around talking about the fact
يمشون في الأرجاء ويتحدثون عن حقيقة
that they're not good readers,
about how they're not math people.
يتفاخرون بعدم كونهم جيدين في الرياضيات.
more so among girls and women
هذا يحصل بين الفتيات والنساء
have tried to understand
inside the brains
resonance imaging,
التصوير بالرنين المغناطيسي الوظيفي،
with a concrete visceral sensation
يسبب أحاسيس جسدية
every right to feel anxious.
who are worried about math
الذين يقلقون من الرياضيات
to take a math test --
they're just getting ready --
إنهم يستعدون له فقط...
in our neural pain response are active.
أنها مشاركة في استجابتنا العصبية للألم.
عند بعض الناس.
math anxiety come from?
anxiety is contagious.
start worrying, too.
about their own math ability,
across the school year.
خلال السنة الدراسية.
is more prevalent in girls than boys.
منتشر بين الفتيات أكثر من الأولاد.
school teachers are women.
من مدرسي المراحل الابتدائية هم نساء.
what happens in the classroom.
في الصفوف الدراسية.
دور رئيس هنا، أيضًا.
باربي المراهقة المتكلمة
T-shirts at our young girls
تي شيرتات لفتياتنا الصغار
"I'm too pretty to do math,"
"أنا جميلة جدًا للقيام بالرياضيات"
so my brother does it for me."
لذلك يفعله أخي بدلًا مني."
about their own math ability
بشأن قدراتهم في الرياضيات
with math homework,
على أداء واجبات الرياضيات المنزلية،
across the school year.
بدرجة أقل على مدار السنة الدراسية.
or a three-glass night."
أو ليلة بثلاث كؤوس."
about their own math ability,
بشأن قدراتهم في الرياضيات،
they choke or thrive.
do fun math activities with their kids --
بنشاطات رياضيات ممتعة مع أطفالهم...
bedtime stories or bedtime reading,
أو القراءة ما قبل النوم،
to do with your kids at night,
للقيام بها مع أطفالكم في الليل،
about math improve,
across the school year improves as well.
على مدار السنة الدراسية.
in terms of whether we choke or thrive.
سواء كنا سنختنق أم سننجح.
my high school soccer game
for science majors,
في تخصصات العلوم الرئيسة،
for my first midterm exam --
in a class of 400 students.
في صف مكون من 400 طالب.
to be a science major,
out of college altogether.
would close their book
during that first midterm exam,
في أول اختبار نصف فصل،
a neural pain response
individuals I study.
بالقلق الرياضياتي الذين أدرسهم.
the stressful study situation as well.
خلال الدراسة تحت الضغط أيضًا.
grades in the entire class.
من أعلى الدرجات على مستوى الصف.
about learning the material;
my limits when it mattered most.
في اللحظة المهمة.
and others for success,
كيف نجهز أنفسنا والآخرين للنجاح،
but in the boardroom
لكن في غرفة الاجتماعات
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sian Leah Beilock - Cognitive scientistSian Leah Beilock studies how performance anxiety can be exacerbated or alleviated, and the simple strategies we can use to ensure success under pressure.
Why you should listen
Sian Leah Beilock is exploring the science behind why people "choke" in pressure-packed situations. Specifically, she examines factors in the brain and body that influence performance in stressful situations ranging from test-taking to public speaking to sporting events. Using a variety of research methods, including assessing test performance to neuroimaging techniques, Beilock's work is aimed at better understanding how our cognition and reasoning skills change when we are under stress.
In 2017, the National Academy of Sciences honored Beilock with the Troland Award, in recognition of her pioneering work in experimental psychology. She has published two books and more than 100 papers though her research. After serving as Executive Vice Provost of the University of Chicago, Beilock was recently appointed as the eighth President of Barnard College.
Sian Leah Beilock | Speaker | TED.com