Nita Farahany: When technology can read minds, how will we protect our privacy?
نيتا فرحاني: عندما تتمكن التكنولوجيا من قراءة العقول، كيف سنحمي خصوصيتنا؟
Nita A. Farahany is a leading scholar on the ethical, legal, and social implications of biosciences and emerging technologies, particularly those related to neuroscience and behavioral genetics. Full bio
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the 2009 presidential election in Iran,
الانتخابات الرئاسية لعام 2009 في إيران،
violently suppressed
as the Iranian Green Movement,
باسم الحركة الإيرانية الخضراء،
between the protesters.
to the United States in the late 1960s,
إلى أمريكا في أواخر الستينيات،
extended family live.
crackdowns of the protest,
with me what was happening.
ما كان يحدث معي.
the conversation to other topics.
what the consequences could be
what they were thinking
لو أمكنني أن أعرف ما كانوا يفكرون به،
based on what their brains revealed?
in neuroscience, artificial intelligence
والذكاء الاصطناعي
of what's happening in the human brain.
الكثير مما يحدث في أدمغة البشر.
ومحامية وفيلسوفة،
about what this means for our freedoms
a right to cognitive liberty,
that needs to be protected.
التي تحتاج إلى الحماية.
thousands of thoughts each day.
or a number, a word,
mental state, like relaxation,
مثل الاسترخاء،
are firing in the brain,
من الخلايا العصبية في الدماغ،
in characteristic patterns
with electroencephalography, or EEG.
you're seeing right now.
that was recorded in real time
المسجل في الوقت الحقيقي
that was worn on my head.
when I was relaxed and curious.
عندما كنت مسترخية وفضولية.
consumer-based EEG devices
لإجراء تخطيط كهرباء المخ
activity in my brain in real time.
لدماغي في الوقت الحقيقي.
that some of you may be wearing
الذي قد يرتديه بعضكم
or the steps that you've taken,
أو عدد الخطوات التي مشيتها،
neuroimaging technique on the market.
الأكثر تطوراً في السوق.
our everyday lives.
على حياتنا اليومية.
inside the human brain
without ever uttering a word.
لدينا دون أن ننطق بكلمة.
complex thoughts just yet,
الأفكار المعقدة بدقة بعد،
of artificial intelligence,
some single-digit numbers
that a person is thinking
التي يفكر فيها الشخص،
لتخطيط كهرباء المخ،
that with our advances in technology,
أنه من خلال تقدمنا التقني،
in the human brain
they're going to have an epileptic seizure
with their thoughts alone.
الكتابة على الحاسب باستخدام أفكاره فقط.
a technology to embed these sensors
تقنية لتضمين هذه المستشعرات
while driving.
and AAA have all taken note.
والجمعية الأمريكية للسيارات.
choose-your-own-adventure movie
بواسطة جهاز تخطيط كهرباء المخ
based on your brain-based reactions,
every time your attention wanes.
في كل مرة يتناقص فيها انتباهك.
health and well-being
to information about themselves,
على معلومات عن أنفسهم،
new brain-decoding technology.
لفك تشفير الدماغ.
or involuntarily give up
our mental privacy.
وهو خصوصيتنا العقلية.
to social-media accounts ...
الاجتماعية مجانًا ...
the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail,
فائقة السرعة بين (بكين) و(شنغهاي)،
while driving.
EEG sensors to monitor their productivity
كهرباء المخ لمتابعة إنتاجيتهم
concentration on their jobs,
أقل من ممتاز على وظائفهم،
of brain transparency.
that that could change everything.
أن ذلك قد يغيّر كل شيء.
of data privacy to our laws,
لخصوصية البيانات، والقوانين،
in the United States
على الصعيد الوطني في أمريكا
of their brain information.
their perceived sensitivity
of their phone conversations,
security number as far more sensitive
رقم ضمانهم الاجتماعي كأكثر حساسية
people don't yet understand
of this new brain-decoding technology.
فك شفرة الدماغ الجديدة.
the inner workings of the human brain,
ما يجري داخل العقل البشري،
are the least of our worries.
a politically dissident thought?
because of their waning attention
بسبب تضاؤل انتباههم
collective action against their employers.
ضد أصحاب العمل.
will no longer be an option,
have revealed their sexual orientation,
منذ زمن بعيد توجههم الجنسي،
to consciously share that information
لمشاركة هذه المعلومات
to keep up with technological change.
من مواكبة التغيّر التكنولوجي.
of the US Constitution,
to alter our thoughts however we want?
في تغيير أفكارنا كما نريد؟
what we can do with our own brains?
أن يخبرونا كيف نستخدم أدمغتنا؟
using these new mobile devices?
باستخدام هذه الأجهزة المحمولة؟
the brain data through their applications
بيانات الدماغ عبر تطبيقاتها
from doing so.
تمنعهم من فعل ذلك.
the same freedoms
في الولايات المتحدة.
the Iranian Green Movement
خلال الحركة الإيرانية الخضراء
monitoring my family's brain activity,
to be sympathetic to the protesters?
based on their thoughts
dystopian society in "Minority Report."
المرير في فيلم (ماينوريتي ريبورت).
with attempting to intimidate his school
بمحاولة ترهيب مدرسته
shooting people in the hallways ...
وهو يطلق النار على الناس في الممرات ...
an augmented-reality video game,
وهو يلعب لعبة بالواقع المعزز،
of his subjective intent.
need special protection.
to data tracking and aggregation
لتتبع وتجميع البيانات
and tracked like our online activities,
مثل أنشطتنا على الإنترنت،
threat to our collective humanity.
على إنسانيتنا الجماعية.
to these concerns,
on the right things.
على الأمور الصحيحة.
protections in general,
بحماية الخصوصية بشكل عام،
the flow of information.
on securing rights and remedies
على ضمان الحقوق والإصلاحات
how their information was shared,
في تقرير كيفية مشاركة معلوماتهم،
was misused against them,
in an employment setting
of our personal information.
من معلوماتنا الشخصية.
can tell us so much
أن تخبرنا كثيرًا
our information,
على مشاركة معلوماتنا بأمان،
for mental privacy.
للخصوصية العقلية.
a right to cognitive liberty.
إلى الحق في حرية الإدراك.
our freedom of thought and rumination,
the right to consent to or refuse
of our brains by others.
of Human Rights,
of these kinds of social rights.
and good old-fashioned word of mouth
وتناقل الأحاديث التقليدي
restrictions in Iran
قمعًا في إيران
had used brain surveillance
مراقبة الدماغ
the protesters' cries?
for a cognitive liberty revolution.
إلى ثورة في حرية الإدراك.
advance technology
بتطوير التكنولوجيا بشكل مسؤول
from any person, company or government
من أي شخص أو شركة أو حكومة
or alter our innermost lives.
حياتنا الداخلية بشكل محرم.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nita Farahany - Legal scholar, ethicistNita A. Farahany is a leading scholar on the ethical, legal, and social implications of biosciences and emerging technologies, particularly those related to neuroscience and behavioral genetics.
Why you should listen
Nita A. Farahany is a professor of law and philosophy, the founding director of the Duke Initiative for Science & Society and chair of the MA in Bioethics & Science Policy at Duke University. In 2010, Farahany was appointed by President Obama to the Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues, and she served as a member until 2017. She is a member of the Neuroethics Division of the Multi-Council Working Group for the BRAIN Initiative, on the President's Research Council of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), and past member of the Global Agenda Council for Privacy, Technology and Governance at the World Economic Forum.
Farahany presents her work to diverse audiences and is a frequent commentator for national media and radio shows. She is an elected member of the American Law Institute, the President-Elect of the International Neuroethics Society, serves on the Board of the International Neuroethics Society, a co-editor a co-editor-in-chief and co-founder of the Journal of Law and the Biosciences and an editorial board member of the American Journal of Bioethics (Neuroscience). She's on the Ethics Advisory Board for Illumina, Inc., the Scientific Advisory Board of Helix, and the Board of Advisors of Scientific American.
Farahany received her AB in genetics, cell and developmental biology at Dartmouth College, a JD and MA from Duke University, as well as a PhD in philosophy. She also holds an ALM in biology from Harvard University. In 2004-2005, Farahany clerked for Judge Judith W. Rogers of the US Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit, after which she joined the faculty at Vanderbilt University. In 2011, Farahany was the Leah Kaplan Visiting Professor of Human Rights at Stanford Law School.
Nita Farahany | Speaker | TED.com