Giada Gerboni: The incredible potential of flexible, soft robots
Giada Gerboni: El increíble potencial de los robots blandos
Giada Gerboni works in surgical robotics, supporting surgeons with new flexible robotic devices in order to make once impossible operations a reality. Full bio
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with minimal error,
con un margen de error mínimo,
es muy difícil, ¿verdad?
to watch them at work.
realmente impresionante.
out of the factories,
perfectly known and measured like here,
y no está totalmente calibrado,
which doesn't require much precision,
que no requiere mucha precisión
you don't require much precision.
no requiere mucha precisión.
most of the time.
no hay forma de corregir.
to emphasize speed and precision,
en la velocidad y la precisión,
into a very specific architecture.
una arquitectura muy específica.
muy bien definido de elementos rígidos
set of rigid links
que hacen mover las articulaciones.
una medición precisa del entorno,
measure your environment,
program every movement
de cada movimiento
can generate a very large fault,
puede generar una falla muy grande,
or you can get your robot damaged
o se puede dañar el robot,
about the brains of these robots
something wrong with it,
precise and strong
sea preciso y fuerte,
and ineffective in the real world,
e inefectivo en el mundo real,
with the real world.
con el mundo real.
anything else around you.
really able to do anything if you're soft,
prácticamente para nada.
nos enseña lo contrario.
of hydrostatic pressure,
de presión hidrostática,
with a much stiffer object than him.
con un objeto mucho más rígido.
this coconut shell
of his tentacles,
an octopus can also open a jar.
también es capaz de abrir un frasco.
just by the brain of this animal,
únicamente gracias al cerebro del animal;
maybe the clearest example,
that all living organisms have.
que tienen todos los organismos vivos.
material and structure,
y la estructura de nuestro cuerpo
during a physical task,
para hacer una tarea física,
variety of situations
una variedad de situaciones
or calculations ahead.
ni cálculos previos.
some of this embodied intelligence
con un poco de esta inteligencia corporal,
on excessive work
the strategy of nature,
la estrategia de la naturaleza,
she's done a pretty good job
ha diseñado máquinas excelentes
for environment interaction.
uses soft material frequently
usa materiales blandos frecuentemente
in this new field or robotics,
en este nuevo campo de la robótica
is not to make super-precise machines,
diseñar máquinas súper precisas,
unexpected situations in the real world,
situaciones inesperadas en el mundo real,
is first of all its compliant body,
que se necesita es un cuerpo maleable,
that can undergo very large deformations,
con gran capacidad de deformación,
we use what we call distributed actuation,
usamos "actuación distribuida".
the shape of this very deformable body,
la forma de ese cuerpo tan deformable,
of having a lot of links and joints,
muchos elementos rígidos y articulaciones,
any stiff structure at all.
a soft robot is a very different process
es muy distinta a la robótica tradicional,
where you have links, gears, screws
y tornillos de una forma muy definida.
in a very defined way.
your actuator from scratch
el actuador de cero, prácticamente,
to a certain input.
en función de un cierto estímulo.
you can just deform a structure
deformar una estructura
que sería bastante compleja
with rigid links and joints,
con elementos rígidos y articulaciones.
some cool examples of soft robots.
interesantes de robots blandos.
developed at Harvard University,
desarrollado en la Universidad de Harvard,
of pressure applied along its body,
ondas de presión a lo largo del cuerpo.
he can also sneak under a low bridge,
de arrastrarse debajo de un puente,
seguir caminando de otra forma.
a little bit different afterwards.
with power on board
más robusta con potencia incorporada
and face real-world interactions
las interacciones con el mundo real,
like a real fish does in water
que nada como un pez real
with distributed actuation
también con aire a presión.
el pulpo robótico.
of the first projects
en el nuevo campo de la robótica blanda.
of soft robots.
with several tentacles
una máquina entera, con varios tentáculos,
and do submarine exploration
y hacer exploraciones submarinas
than rigid robots would do.
a la de los robots rígidos.
environments, such as coral reefs.
delicados, como los arrecifes de coral.
tomada desde un robot que crece,
by my colleagues in Stanford.
cuando se le inyecta aire a presión,
it grows from the tip,
in firm contact with the environment.
permanece en contacto con el entorno.
by plants, not animals,
no en los animales,
in a similar manner
de una forma parecida
variety of situations.
gran variedad de situaciones.
I like the most
son, tal vez, las que más me gustan.
a closer interaction with the human body
con el cuerpo humano más cercana
a minimally invasive procedure.
mínimamente invasivo, por ejemplo.
very helpful with the surgeon,
ayudar mucho al cirujano,
por orificios pequeños
and straight instruments,
with very delicate structures
con estructuras muy delicadas,
y de forma segura.
inside the surgical field
dentro del campo quirúrgico,
if you use a rigid stick,
con un elemento rígido,
de investigación en Europa,
soft camera robot for surgery,
quirúrgico blando con cámara,
from a classic endoscope,
de un endoscopio tradicional
to the flexibility of the module
a la flexibilidad del módulo,
and also elongate.
en cualquier dirección.
to see what they were doing
lo que hacían con otros instrumentos
from different points of view,
about what was touched around.
por lo que tocaban alrededor.
not a real human body.
no es un cuerpo humano.
hay poca luz dentro del cuerpo.
inside your body.
can even be done using a single needle,
que se realizan con tan solo una aguja,
on a very flexible needle,
una aguja muy flexible.
to use the interaction with the tissues
la interacción con los tejidos
many different targets, such as tumors,
y otros objetivos específicos
the structure that you want to avoid
exciting time for robotics.
muy interesante para la robótica.
with soft structures,
con estructuras blandas,
and very challenging questions
nuevas y muy difíciles
to learn how to control,
a aprender cómo controlar,
on these very flexible structures.
en estas estructuras tan flexibles.
to what nature figured out
de lo que creó la naturaleza
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Giada Gerboni - Biomedical engineerGiada Gerboni works in surgical robotics, supporting surgeons with new flexible robotic devices in order to make once impossible operations a reality.
Why you should listen
Giada Gerboni is a postdoctoral scholar at Stanford University, in the Collaborative Haptics and Robotics in Medicine (CHARM) Lab. Gerboni is working on the design and control of needle-sized flexible robots, work that aims to improve current percutaneous tumor ablation procedures. As she says: "One of the most exciting parts of this research is to enable surgical operations in ways that, not long ago, had not yet been conceived."
Gerboni received BE and MS degrees in biomedical engineering from the University of Pisa and a PhD in biorobotics from The BioRobotics Institute of Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies in Pisa, Italy. During her PhD, she specialized in surgical robotics, studying and developing innovative strategies for the actuation and sensing of soft and flexible instruments for applications in MIS (Minimally Invasive Surgery).
A new branch of robotics, called "soft robotics," is expanding the boundaries of robotic applications. Soft robotics faces the grand challenge of increasing the capabilities of robots to make them more suitable for physical interactions with the real world. It involves use of soft and flexible materials, deformable sensors and very different control strategies than traditional robots, which are designed to work in well-defined and confined environments. Gerboni has been involved in this field from the time of her PhD, and since then she has been exploring its potential in the medical/surgical area, where safe robot-environment interaction is crucial.
Giada Gerboni | Speaker | TED.com