Heidi M. Sosik: The discoveries awaiting us in the ocean's twilight zone
Heidi M. Sosik: As descobertas que nos aguardam na zona sombria do oceano
Heidi M. Sosik is an ocean scientist who uses tools like lasers and robotic cameras to figure out how tiny organisms in the ocean affect our whole planet. Full bio
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with this view of the ocean,
com essa visão do oceano,
não se parece nada com isso.
pelo sol na superfície,
through the darkness
através da escuridão
these waters teem with life:
estão repletas de vida:
has amazing adaptations
tem adaptações incríveis
of such an extreme environment.
e um ambiente tão extremo.
top predators such as whales, tuna,
grandes predadores, como baleias,
more fish biomass here
biomassa de peixes aqui
than all the rest of the ocean combined.
todo o restante do oceano junto.
undiscovered species in deep waters,
não descobertas em águas profundas,
is intertwined with earth's climate.
entrelaçada com o clima terrestre.
is virtually unexplored.
é praticamente inexplorada.
we still don't know about it.
não sabemos a respeito dela.
by just this kind of challenge.
exatamente por esse tipo de desafio.
the perfect intersection
o encontro perfeito
e do desconhecido,
discoveries about life on our planet.
inovadoras sobre a vida em nosso planeta.
across the Atlantic
using a high-powered laser
usando um laser de alta potência
who looked before had completely missed:
antes de nós tinham deixado de ver:
smaller than anyone thought possible.
do que alguém imaginou ser possível.
are the most abundant
são os organismos fotossintéticos
because we used new technology
porque usamos novas tecnologias
awaiting us in the twilight zone
nos esperando na zona sombria
because it's difficult to study.
porque ela é difícil de ser estudada.
to the Southern Ocean
e por todo o planeta.
as the water and animals move.
a água e os animais se movem.
and the pressures there are enormous.
e as pressões são enormes.
huge monsters lurking in the deep sea,
enormes espreitando no mar profundo,
são muito pequenos,
is called a bristlemouth.
é chamado de ciclotone.
abundant vertebrates on earth
os vertebrados mais abundantes na Terra,
that a dozen could fit in this one tube.
deles caberia neste único tubo.
from being powerful through sheer number.
de serem poderosos pela grande quantidade.
that the animals form dense layers.
que os animais formam densas camadas.
by the red and yellow colors
vermelha e amarela, a cerca de 400 metros.
com o fundo do oceano.
because the layer is deep during the day,
porque a camada é profunda durante o dia,
animal migration on earth.
migração animal na Terra.
in a massive living wave
numa onda maciça viva,
travel hundreds of meters
viajam centenas de metros
of deeper, darker waters during the day.
mais profundas e escuras durante o dia.
a conectar superfície e oceano profundo
help connect the surface and deep ocean
próximo à superfície,
into the deep waters,
para as águas profundas,
for hundreds or even thousands of years.
por centenas ou mesmo milhares de anos.
may help keep carbon dioxide
a manter o dióxido de carbono
e limitar os efeitos
of global warming on our climate.
they are able to transport.
elas são capazes de transportar.
who studies life in the ocean.
sobre essas coisas é um fator poderoso,
is a powerful driver,
and answer them quickly,
essas perguntas e rapidamente,
no oceano aberto têm aspirado
shrimp-like animals called krill.
de pequenos animais
for aquaculture
da aquicultura e nutracêuticos,
of deepening fisheries such as these
a intensificar a pesca como esta
a kind of twilight zone gold rush
de corrida do ouro da zona sombria,
of national fishing regulations.
dos regulamentos nacionais de pesca.
global-scale impacts
de escala global irreversíveis
ahead of fishing impacts
nos impactos da pesca
this critical part of the ocean.
essa crítica parte do oceano.
by colleagues who share this passion.
por colegas que compartilham essa paixão.
to launch a large-scale exploration
uma exploração em grande escala
com expedições no Atlântico Norte,
the twilight zone's remarkable diversity.
diversidade da zona sombria.
multidimensional exploration
multiescala e multidimensional
new technologies.
integrar novas tecnologias.
that has changed our thinking.
que mudou nossa forma de pensar.
on animals such as sharks
de animais como tubarões
desses grandes predadores
into the twilight zone to feed.
na zona sombria para se alimentar.
and compare them to satellite data,
e compará-los com dados de satélite,
and other features.
e a outras características.
found all of their food in surface waters.
sua comida na água da superfície,
on the twilight zone.
que eles dependem da zona sombria.
how they find the best areas to feed,
as melhores áreas para se alimentar,
on twilight zone species.
das espécies da zona sombria.
to explore the links with climate.
para explorar as conexões com o clima.
by gelatinous animals called salps.
por animais gelatinosos chamados salpas.
vacuum cleaners,
fast-sinking pellets of poop --
bolotas de cocô que afundam rapidamente;
deep into the ocean.
para a profundidade do oceano.
em enormes cardumes.
in enormous swarms.
and when and why and whether
tem um grande impacto no clima do planeta.
has a big impact on earth's climate.
to push the limits of technology.
devemos superar os limites da tecnologia.
and samplers on smart robots
e samplers em robôs inteligentes
the secret lives of animals like salps.
e nos ajudar a rastrear a vida secreta
and other animals are down there.
e outros animais estão lá embaixo.
in a kind of forensic analysis
numa espécie de análise forense
as espécies existentes
unknown about the twilight zone,
sobre a zona sombria,
opportunity for new discovery.
quase ilimitada para novas descobertas.
fascinating creatures.
lindas e fascinantes.
are just down there waiting
estão lá embaixo esperando
could not be higher on our team
engenheiros e comunicadores
engineers and communicators.
on decades of overfishing
nas décadas de pesca excessiva
que já nos pareceram inesgotáveis.
to take a different path this time?
um caminho diferente desta vez?
is truly a global commons.
um patrimônio mundial.
conhecê-la e entendê-la
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Heidi M. Sosik - Ocean scientist, inventor, explorerHeidi M. Sosik is an ocean scientist who uses tools like lasers and robotic cameras to figure out how tiny organisms in the ocean affect our whole planet.
Why you should listen
Heidi M. Sosik is a scientist, inventor and explorer at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, where she holds the Stanley W. Watson Chair for Excellence in Oceanography. Sosik leads a multidisciplinary team conducting long-term research on marine ecosystems and how they are changing in response to intersecting pressures from human activity, environmental variability and climate change.
During undergraduate engineering studies at MIT, Sosik became fascinated by the diversity of microscopic life in the ocean. This led her toward a doctorate in oceanography and a research career focused on discovery. Today she develops and deploys new technologies to see life in the ocean in new ways. Sosik is co-inventor of a robotic underwater microscope used by researchers around the world to study minuscule forms of life in the ocean and by coastal managers to ensure that seafood is safe to eat. Sosik has been recognized for her impact and leadership through honors including a Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers and selection as a Fellow of The Oceanography Society.
Sosik's bold plan to explore the ocean's twilight zone is one of the first ideas of The Audacious Project, TED's initiative to inspire global change.
Heidi M. Sosik | Speaker | TED.com