ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mikhail Zygar - Journalist, writer, filmmaker
Mikhail Zygar is the founder of Future History, the creative digital studio behind Project1917 and 1968.digital.

Why you should listen

Mikhail Zygar is a Russian journalist, writer, filmmaker and the founding editor-in-chief of the Russian independent news TV-channel, Dozhd (2010 - 2015). Prior to Dozhd, Zygar worked for Newsweek Russia and the business daily Kommersant, where he covered the conflicts in Palestine, Lebanon, Iraq, Serbia and Kosovo. His bestseller All the Kremlin's Men is based on an unprecedented series of interviews with Vladimir Putin’s inner circle, presenting a radically different view of power and politics in Russia. His recent book The Empire Must Die was released in Russian and English in 2017. It portrays the years leading up to the Russian revolution and the vivid drama of Russia's brief and exotic experiment with civil society before it was swept away by the Communist Revolution.

More profile about the speaker
Mikhail Zygar | Speaker | TED.com
TED2018

Mikhail Zygar: What the Russian Revolution would have looked like on social media

Mikhail Zygar: Kako bi ruska revolucija zgledala v družbenih medijih

Filmed:
1,432,185 views

Zgodovino pišejo zmagovalci, pravi pregovor. Kako pa bi izgledala, če bi jo pisali vsi? Novinar in sodelavec TED-a, Mikhail Zygar, je na misiji, da nam pokaže Project1917, 'družbeno omrežje za mrtve ljudi', ki prinaša resnične dnevnike in pisma več kot 3000 ljudi, ki so živeli med rusko revolucijo. Ko prikazuje vsakodnevne misli Lenina, Trotskyja in mnogih manj znanih osebnosti, projekt prikaže zgodovino v novi luči - kakršna je nekoč bila in kakršna bi lahko bila. Izvedite več o tem digitalnem prikazu preteklosti, pa tudi o Zygarjevem novem projektu o prelomnem letu 1968.
- Journalist, writer, filmmaker
Mikhail Zygar is the founder of Future History, the creative digital studio behind Project1917 and 1968.digital. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
What is historyzgodovina?
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Kaj je zgodovina?
00:15
It is something writtennapisano by the winnerszmagovalci.
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Nekaj, kar napišejo zmagovalci.
00:20
There is a stereotypestereotip that historyzgodovina
should be focusedosredotočen on the rulersvladarji,
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Obstaja stereotip, da bi se zgodovina
morala osredotočati na voditelje,
00:24
like LeninLenin or TrotskyTrocki.
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kot sta Lenin ali Trotsky.
00:27
As a resultrezultat, people
in manyveliko countriesdržave, like minemoj, RussiaRusija,
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Posledično ljudje v mnogih državah,
kot je moja, Rusija,
00:31
look at historyzgodovina as something
that was predeterminedvnaprej
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gledajo na zgodovino kot na nekaj,
kar je vnaprej določeno
00:35
or determineddoločena by the leadersvoditelji,
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ali nekaj, na kar vplivajo voditelji,
00:38
and commonpogosti people could not
influencevpliva it in any way.
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navadni ljudje pa na to nimajo
nobenega vpliva.
00:41
ManyVeliko RussiansRusi todaydanes do not believe
that RussiaRusija could ever have been
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Mnogi Rusi dandanes ne verjamejo,
da bi Rusjia lahko kadar koli bila
00:45
or ever will be a trulyresnično democraticdemokratično nationnarod,
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ali kadar koli bo resnično
demokratična dežela,
00:48
and this is duedolžan to the way
historyzgodovina has been framedokvirjem
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to pa zaradi načina,
na katerega se zgodovino prikazuje
00:51
to the citizensdržavljani of RussiaRusija.
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državljanom Rusije.
00:52
And this is not trueresnično.
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In to ni res.
00:55
To provedokazati it, I spentpreživel two yearslet
of my life tryingposkušam to go 100 yearslet back,
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Da bi to dokazal, sem dve leti svojega
življenja poskušal iti 100 let nazaj,
01:00
to the yearleto 1917,
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v leto 1917,
01:03
the yearleto of the Russianruščina RevolutionRevolucija.
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leto ruske revolucije.
01:05
I askedvprašal myselfjaz, what if the internetinternet
and FacebookFacebook existedobstaja 100 yearslet agonazaj?
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Vprašal sem se, kako bi bilo, če bi pred
100 leti obstajala internet in Facebook.
01:12
So last yearleto, we builtzgrajeno
a socialsocialno networkomrežje for deadmrtev people,
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Tako smo lani vzpostavili družbeno
omrežje za mrtve ljudi
01:17
namedimenovan ProjectProjekt1917.comcom.
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in projekt imenovali Project1917.com.
01:22
My teamekipa and I createdustvarjeno our softwareprogramsko opremo,
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Moj tim in jaz smo ustvarili
programsko opremo,
01:24
digitizedDigitalizirani and uploadednaložen
all possiblemogoče realresnično diariesdnevniki and lettersčrke
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digitalizirali in naložili
vse mogoče resnične dnevnike in pisma,
01:30
writtennapisano by more than 3,000 people
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ki jih je napisalo več kot 3000 ljudi
01:33
100 yearslet agonazaj.
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pred 100 leti.
01:34
So any useruporabnik of our websitespletno stran or applicationaplikacija
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Tako lahko vsak uporabnik
naše spletne strani ali aplikacije
01:38
can followsledite a newsnovice feedkrmo
for eachvsak day of 1917
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sledi novicam za vsak dan leta 1917
01:42
and readpreberite what people
like StravinskyStravinski or TrotskyTrocki,
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in bere, kaj so ljudje,
na primer Stravinsky in Trotsky,
01:46
LeninLenin or PavlovaPavlova
and othersdrugi thought and feltčutil.
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Lenin ali Pavlova in drugi,
razmišljali in čutili.
01:50
We watch all those personalitiesosebnosti
beingbiti ordinaryvsakdanji people like you and me,
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Gledamo vse te osebnosti,
kot navadne ljudi, kot vi ali jaz,
01:55
not demigodsPolbogov,
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ne polbogove,
01:57
and we see that historyzgodovina consistsvsebuje
of theirnjihovi mistakesnapake, fearsstrahove, weaknessesslabosti,
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in vidimo, da zgodovina sestoji
iz njihovih napak, strahov, slabosti,
02:04
not only theirnjihovi "geniusgenij ideasideje."
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ne le iz njihovh 'genialnih idej'.
02:08
Our projectprojekt was a shockšok for manyveliko RussiansRusi,
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Naš projekt je bil šokanten za mnoge Ruse,
02:10
who used to think that our countrydržava
has always been an autocraticavtokratskih empireimperij
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ki so včasih mislili, da je bila naša
država vedno avtokratski imperij
02:16
and the ideasideje of freedomsvobodo and democracydemokracija
could never have prevailedprevladala,
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in da ideje o svobodi in demokraciji
nikoli ne bi mogli prevladati,
02:19
just because democracydemokracija
was not our destinyusoda.
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ker demokracija preprosto
ni bila naša usoda.
02:23
But if we take a broaderširše look,
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A če pogledamo širše,
02:26
it's not that blackčrna and whitebela.
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ni tako črno-belo.
02:29
Yes, 1917 led to 70 yearslet
of communistkomunistične dictatorshipdiktatura.
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Da, leto 1917 je privedlo do 70 let
komunistične diktature.
02:35
But with this projectprojekt, we see that RussiaRusija
could have had a differentdrugačen historyzgodovina
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A s tem projektom vidimo, da bi Rusija
lahko imela drugačno zgodovino
02:40
and a democraticdemokratično futureprihodnost,
as any other countrydržava could or still can.
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in demokratično prihodnost, kot so jo
lahko in še vedno imajo druge države.
02:45
ReadingBranje the postsdelovnih mest from 1917,
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Ob branju besedil iz leta 1917
02:49
you learnučiti se that RussiaRusija
was the first countrydržava in the worldsvet
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spoznamo, da je bila Rusija
prva država na svetu,
02:52
to abolishodpraviti the deathsmrt penaltykazen,
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ki je odpravila smrtno kazen,
02:54
or one of the first onestiste
to grantdodelitev womenženske votingglasovanje rightspravice.
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in ena od prvih, ki je ženskam
podelila volino pravico.
02:59
KnowingPoznavanje historyzgodovina and understandingrazumevanje
how ordinaryvsakdanji people influencedvplivali historyzgodovina
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Poznavanje zgodovine in razumevanje,
kako so navadni ljudje vplivali nanjo,
03:05
can help us createustvarite a better futureprihodnost,
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nam lahko pomaga ustvariti
boljšo prihodnost,
03:07
because historyzgodovina is just a rehearsalvaja
of what's happeningdogaja right now.
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ker je zgodovina samo vaja za to,
kar se dogaja prav zdaj.
03:12
We do need newnovo waysnačinov of tellingpovedal historyzgodovina,
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Potrebujemo nove načine
za pripovedovanje zgodovine
03:15
and this yearleto, for exampleprimer,
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in letos smo na primer
03:17
we startedzačel a newnovo onlinena spletu projectprojekt
that is calledpozval 1968DigitalDigitalni.comcom,
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začeli novi spletni projekt,
ki se imenuje 1968Digital.com.
03:23
and that is an onlinena spletu documentarydokumentarni film seriesserije
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Gre za spletno dokumentarno serijo,
03:28
that givesdaje you an impressionvtis
of that yearleto, 1968,
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ki vam daje občutek tistega leta, 1968,
03:32
a yearleto markedoznačeno by globalglobalno socialsocialno changesprememba
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leta, ki so ga zaznamovale
globalne družbene spremembe,
03:36
that, in manyveliko waysnačinov,
createdustvarjeno the worldsvet as we know it now.
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ki so na razne načine
ustvarile svet, kot ga danes poznamo.
03:40
But we are makingizdelavo that historyzgodovina aliveživ
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A zgodovino oživljamo,
03:43
by imaginingsi predstavlja what if all the mainglavni
charactersznakov could use mobilemobilni phonestelefoni ...
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ko si predstavljamo, kaj bi bilo,
če bi vsi protagonisti lahko uporabljali
03:49
just like that?
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mobilne telefone.
03:51
And we see that a lot of individualsposamezniki
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In vidimo, da se je veliko posameznikov
03:57
were facingsooča the sameenako challengesizzivi
and were fightingboj for the sameenako valuesvrednosti,
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soočalo z enakimi izzivi
in se borilo za iste vrednote,
04:02
no matterzadevo if they livedživel
in the US or in USSRZSSR
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ne glede na to, ali so živeli
v ZDA ali ZSSR,
04:07
or in FranceFrancija or in ChinaKitajska
or in CzechoslovakiaČeškoslovaška.
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v Franciji, na Kitajskem
ali na Čehoslovaškem.
04:11
By exposingizpostavi historyzgodovina
in suchtako a democraticdemokratično way,
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Z izpostavljanjem zgodovine
na tako demokratičen način
04:14
throughskozi socialsocialno mediamediji,
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skozi družbene medije
04:16
we showshow that people in powermoč
are not the only onestiste makingizdelavo choicesizbire.
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kažemo, da ljudje na oblasti
niso edini, ki odločajo.
04:22
That givesdaje any useruporabnik a possibilitymožnost
of reclaimingregeneriranja historyzgodovina.
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To daje vsakemu uporabniku možnost,
da zahteva zgodovino zase.
04:27
OrdinaryNavadne people matterzadevo.
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Navadni ljudje so pomembni.
04:29
They have an impactvpliv.
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Imajo vpliv.
04:31
IdeasIdeje matterzadevo.
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Ideje so pomembne.
04:33
JournalistsNovinarji, scientistsznanstveniki,
philosophersfilozofi matterzadevo.
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Novinarji, znanstveniki,
filozofi so pomembni.
04:38
We shapeobliko societydružbo.
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Mi oblikujemo družbo.
04:40
We all make historyzgodovina.
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Mi vsi ustvarjamo zgodovino.
04:43
Thank you.
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Hvala.
04:44
(ApplauseAplavz)
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(aplavz)
Translated by Polona Ramšak
Reviewed by Nika Kotnik

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mikhail Zygar - Journalist, writer, filmmaker
Mikhail Zygar is the founder of Future History, the creative digital studio behind Project1917 and 1968.digital.

Why you should listen

Mikhail Zygar is a Russian journalist, writer, filmmaker and the founding editor-in-chief of the Russian independent news TV-channel, Dozhd (2010 - 2015). Prior to Dozhd, Zygar worked for Newsweek Russia and the business daily Kommersant, where he covered the conflicts in Palestine, Lebanon, Iraq, Serbia and Kosovo. His bestseller All the Kremlin's Men is based on an unprecedented series of interviews with Vladimir Putin’s inner circle, presenting a radically different view of power and politics in Russia. His recent book The Empire Must Die was released in Russian and English in 2017. It portrays the years leading up to the Russian revolution and the vivid drama of Russia's brief and exotic experiment with civil society before it was swept away by the Communist Revolution.

More profile about the speaker
Mikhail Zygar | Speaker | TED.com