TEDCity2.0
Mohamed Ali: The link between unemployment and terrorism
Mohamed Ali: Povezanost nezaposlenosti i terorizma
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Mladima i nezaposlenima u najvećim gradovima na svetu, snovi o prilikama i bogatstvu zaista se ostvaruju - ali sve češće zato što ih regrutuju terorističke grupacije i druge nasilničke organizacije. Zagovornik ljudskih prava, Mohamed Ali, prenosi priče iz svog rodnog Mogadiša da bi mladima i ambicioznima skrenuo pažnju na značaj pokretanja inovacija.
Mohamed Ali - Human rights advocate
Human rights advocate Mohamed Ali fights terrorism with entrepreneurship. Full bio
Human rights advocate Mohamed Ali fights terrorism with entrepreneurship. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I would like to talk to you about a story
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Želim da vam ispričam priču
00:14
about a small town kid.
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o jednom običnom detetu.
00:16
I don't know his name, but I do know his story.
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Ne znam mu ime,
ali znam njegovu priču.
ali znam njegovu priču.
00:20
He lives in a small village in southern Somalia.
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Živi u malom selu na jugu Somalije.
00:23
His village is near Mogadishu.
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Selo je blizu Mogadiša.
00:27
Drought drives the small village into poverty
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Suša osiromašuje selo
00:29
and to the brink of starvation.
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i izgladnjuje stanovništvo
00:31
With nothing left for him there,
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Pošto mu ne preostaje ništa drugo,
00:33
he leaves for the big city,
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napušta selo i odlazi u grad,
00:35
in this case, Mogadishu, the capital of Somalia.
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što je, u ovom slučaju,
glavni grad Somalije, Mogadišu.
glavni grad Somalije, Mogadišu.
00:38
When he arrives, there are no opportunities,
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Tamo nema prilika da uspe,
00:41
no jobs, no way forward.
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nema posla, nema napretka.
00:44
He ends up living in a tent city
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Na kraju živi u karton-naselju
00:46
on the outskirts of Mogadishu.
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na periferiji Mogadiša.
00:49
Maybe a year passes, nothing.
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Prolazi godina, možda,
a ništa se ne dešava.
a ništa se ne dešava.
00:53
One day, he's approached by a gentleman
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Jednog dana mu prilazi gospodin
00:55
who offers to take him to lunch,
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koji mu nudi da ga odvede na ručak,
00:57
then to dinner, to breakfast.
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zatim na večeru, na doručak.
01:00
He meets this dynamic group of people,
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Upoznaje tu dinamičnu grupu ljudi,
01:03
and they give him a break.
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i oni mu nude šansu.
01:05
He's given a bit of money
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Daju mu nešto novca
01:06
to buy himself some new clothes,
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da sebi kupi novu odeću,
01:08
money to send back home to his family.
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da nešto novca pošalje porodici.
01:11
He is introduced to this young woman.
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Upoznaju ga sa tom mladom damom.
01:13
He eventually gets married.
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Na kraju se oženi.
01:14
He starts this new life.
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Počinje novi život.
01:17
He has a purpose in life.
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Ima cilj u životu.
01:20
One beautiful day in Mogadishu,
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Jednog lepog dana u Mogadišu,
01:23
under an azure blue sky,
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pod azurnoplavim nebom,
01:26
a car bomb goes off.
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automobil eksplodira.
01:28
That small town kid with the big city dreams
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To obično dete sa snovima
o velikom gradu
o velikom gradu
01:31
was the suicide bomber,
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bilo je bombaš samoubica,
01:34
and that dynamic group of people
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a ta dinamična grupa ljudi
01:36
were al Shabaab, a terrorist organization
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Al Šabab, teroristička organizacija
01:38
linked to al Qaeda.
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povezana sa Al Kaidom.
01:42
So how does the story of a small town kid
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A kako se priča o običnom detetu
01:45
just trying to make it big in the city
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koje samo pokušava da uspe
u velikom gradu
u velikom gradu
01:47
end up with him blowing himself up?
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pretvara u priču
o njegovom bombaškom napadu?
o njegovom bombaškom napadu?
01:50
He was waiting.
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Čekao je.
01:52
He was waiting for an opportunity,
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Čekao je priliku,
01:53
waiting to begin his future,
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čekao da mu počne budućnost,
01:55
waiting for a way forward,
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čekao je napredak,
01:57
and this was the first thing that came along.
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a to je prvo naišlo.
02:00
This was the first thing that pulled him out
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To ga je prvo trgnulo
02:02
of what we call waithood.
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iz stanja čekanja.
02:05
And his story repeats itself
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A njegova priča se ponavlja
02:07
in urban centers around the world.
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u velikim gradovima širom sveta.
02:10
It is the story of the disenfranchised,
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To je priča o obespravljenim,
02:12
unemployed urban youth
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nezaposlenim, urbanim mladim ljudima
02:14
who sparks riots in Johannesburg,
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koji dižu bune u Johanesburgu,
02:18
sparks riots in London,
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u Londonu,
02:21
who reaches out for something other than waithood.
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koji ne žele samo da čekaju.
02:25
For young people, the promise of the city,
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Mladim ljudima, obećane priče o gradu,
02:28
the big city dream is that of opportunity,
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san o velikom gradu je san o prilici,
02:31
of jobs, of wealth,
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o poslu, o blagostanju,
02:33
but young people are not sharing
in the prosperity of their cities.
in the prosperity of their cities.
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ali mladi ne učestvuju u napretku grada.
02:36
Often it's youth who suffer from
the highest unemployment rates.
the highest unemployment rates.
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Stopa nezaposlenosti je često
najviša upravo među mladima.
najviša upravo među mladima.
02:41
By 2030, three out of five people living in cities
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Do 2030. godine, 3 od 5 ljudi u gradu
02:44
will be under the age of 18.
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biće mlađe od 18 godina.
02:46
If we do not include young people
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Ako se mladi ne uključe
02:48
in the growth of our cities,
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u rast gradova,
02:50
if we do not provide them opportunities,
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ako im se ne pruže prilike,
02:52
the story of waithood,
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priča o čekanju,
02:54
the gateway to terrorism, to violence, to gangs,
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kao uvodu u terorizam, nasilje i bande,
02:57
will be the story of cities 2.0.
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biće priča o novim gradovima.
03:01
And in my city of birth, Mogadishu,
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A u mom rodnom gradu, Mogadišu,
03:05
70 percent of young people
suffer from unemployment.
suffer from unemployment.
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70% mladih je nezaposleno.
03:08
70 percent don't work,
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70% ne radi,
03:11
don't go to school.
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ne ide u školu.
03:13
They pretty much do nothing.
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Ne rade ništa.
03:15
I went back to Mogadishu last month,
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Prošlog meseca sam bio u Mogadišu,
03:19
and I went to visit Madina Hospital,
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i posetio sam bolnicu Madina,
03:21
the hospital I was born in.
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u kojoj sam rođen.
03:23
I remember standing in front of that
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Sećam se da sam se zapitao, stojeći
03:25
bullet-ridden hospital thinking,
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pred bolnicom izrešetanom mecima,
03:28
what if I had never left?
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šta bi bilo da nikad nisam otišao?
03:30
What if I had been forced
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Da sam bio primoran
03:31
into that same state of waithood?
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da nastavim da čekam?
03:33
Would I have become a terrorist?
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Da li bih postao terorista?
03:37
I'm not really sure about the answer.
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Nisam baš siguran
koji je odgovor na to pitanje.
koji je odgovor na to pitanje.
03:40
My reason for being in Mogadishu that month
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Bio sam u Mogadišu tog meseca
03:43
was actually to host
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jer sam bio organizator
03:44
a youth leadership and entrepreneurship summit.
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samita za mlade lidere i preduzetnike.
03:47
I brought together about 90 young Somali leaders.
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Okupio sam oko
90 mladih lidera Somalije.
90 mladih lidera Somalije.
03:50
We sat down and brainstormed on solutions
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Zajedno smo razmišljali o rešenjima
03:52
to the biggest challenges facing their city.
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za najveće probleme
s kojima se njihovi gradovi suočavaju.
s kojima se njihovi gradovi suočavaju.
03:55
One of the young men in the room was Aden.
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Jedan od njih je bio i Aden.
03:58
He went to university in Mogadishu, graduated.
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Studirao je u Mogadišu, diplomirao.
04:03
There were no jobs, no opportunities.
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Za njega nema posla, nema prilika.
04:05
I remember him telling me,
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Sećam se da mi je rekao da je,
04:06
because he was a college graduate,
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zato što je diplomirao,
04:09
unemployed, frustrated,
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a nezaposlen je i frustriran,
04:12
that he was the perfect target for al Shabaab
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savršena meta da ga regrutuju Al Šabab
04:14
and other terrorist organizations, to be recruited.
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i druge terorističke organizacije.
04:17
They sought people like him out.
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Njima su potrebni ljudi poput njega.
04:21
But his story takes a different route.
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Ali njegova priča je drugačija.
04:24
In Mogadishu, the biggest barrier
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Najveća prepreka da u Mogadišu
04:26
to getting from point A to point B are the roads.
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stignete sa jednog mesta
na drugo su putevi.
na drugo su putevi.
04:30
Twenty-three years of civil war
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23-godišnji građanski rat
04:31
have completely destroyed the road system,
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potpuno je opustošio saobraćajnice,
04:34
and a motorbike can be the easiest way
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a motocikli su najlakši način
04:36
to get around.
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za kretanje.
04:37
Aden saw an opportunity and seized it.
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Adenu se to učinilo
kao prilika i iskoristio ju je.
kao prilika i iskoristio ju je.
04:41
He started a motorbike company.
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Osnovao je moto kompaniju.
04:43
He began renting out motorbikes
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Počeo je da izdaje motocikle
04:45
to local residents who couldn't normally afford them.
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lokalcima koji ne mogu sebi da ih kupe.
04:48
He bought 10 bikes, with the help
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Kupio je 10 motocikala, uz pomoć
04:50
of family and friends,
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porodice i prijatelja,
04:52
and his dream is to eventually expand
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a san mu je da ih
04:54
to several hundred within the next three years.
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u sledeće 3 godine
ima nekoliko stotina.
ima nekoliko stotina.
04:57
How is this story different?
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Zašto je njegova priča drugačija?
04:59
What makes his story different?
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Šta njegovu priču čini drugačijom?
05:02
I believe it is his ability to identify
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Mislim da je to njegova
sposobnost da prepozna
sposobnost da prepozna
05:04
and seize a new opportunity.
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i iskoristi novu priliku.
05:08
It's entrepreneurship,
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To je preduzetništvo,
05:10
and I believe entrepreneurship can be
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i verujem da preduzetništvo može biti
05:12
the most powerful tool against waithood.
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najmoćnije oružje
u borbi protiv čekanja.
u borbi protiv čekanja.
05:15
It empowers young people
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Ono mladima daje šansu
05:16
to be the creators of the very economic opportunities
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da sebi stvore ekonomske prilike
05:20
they are so desperately seeking.
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koje tako očajnički čekaju.
05:22
And you can train young people to be entrepreneurs.
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I oni se mogu obučiti
da postanu preduzetnici.
da postanu preduzetnici.
05:26
I want to talk to you about a young man
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Želim da vam ispričam priču
o mladom čoveku
o mladom čoveku
05:28
who attended one of my meetings,
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koji je prisustvovao mom izlaganju,
05:30
Mohamed Mohamoud, a florist.
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Mohamedu Mohamudu, cvećaru.
05:33
He was helping me train some of the young people
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Pomagao mi je u obučavanju mladih ljudi
05:35
at the summit in entrepreneurship
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na samitu o preduzetništvu
05:36
and how to be innovative
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i kako biti inovativan
05:38
and how to create a culture of entrepreneurship.
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i kako stvoriti kulturu preduzetništva.
05:41
He's actually the first florist Mogadishu has seen
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U stvari, on je prvi cvećar u Mogadišu
05:43
in over 22 years,
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posle više od 22 godine,
05:46
and until recently, until Mohamed came along,
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i donedavno, dok se Mohamed
nije pojavio,
nije pojavio,
05:49
if you wanted flowers at your wedding,
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ako ste hteli cveće na venčanju,
05:51
you used plastic bouquets
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koristili biste plastične aranžmane
05:52
shipped from abroad.
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iz inostranstva.
05:54
If you asked someone,
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Da ste nekoga pitali:
05:56
"When was the last time you saw fresh flowers?"
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„Kada si poslednji put video
sveže cveće?“,
sveže cveće?“,
05:58
for many who grew up under civil war,
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oni koji su odrastali u građanskom ratu
06:01
the answer would be, "Never."
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odgovorili bi: „Nikad“.
06:03
So Mohamed saw an opportunity.
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Tako je Mohamed video priliku.
06:05
He started a landscaping and design floral company.
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Osnovao je pejzažnu i dizajnersku
cvećarsku kompaniju.
cvećarsku kompaniju.
06:10
He created a farm right outside of Mogadishu,
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Napravio je farmu tik uz Mogadišu,
06:13
and started growing tulips and lilies,
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i počeo uzgajati lale i ljiljane,
06:15
which he said could survive
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jer, kako kaže, mogu da prežive
06:17
the harsh Mogadishu climate.
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okrutnu klimu u Mogadišu.
06:20
And he began delivering flowers to weddings,
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I počeo je da isporučuje
cveće za venčanja,
cveće za venčanja,
06:23
creating gardens at homes
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da pravi bašte za domove
06:25
and businesses around the city,
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i firme po gradu,
06:28
and he's now working on creating
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a trenutno radi na otvaranju
06:30
Mogadishu's first public park in 22 years.
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prvog javnog parka u Mogadišu
posle 22 godine.
posle 22 godine.
06:33
There's no public park in Mogadishu.
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U Mogadišu nema javnih parkova.
06:35
He wants to create a space where families,
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Želi da napravi prostor
u kome će porodice
u kome će porodice
06:38
young people, can come together,
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i mladi moći da se okupljaju
06:39
and, as he says, smell the proverbial roses.
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i, kako kaže, mirišu čuvene ruže.
06:44
And he doesn't grow roses because
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A, uzgred, on ruže ne uzgaja jer
06:46
they use too much water, by the way.
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njima treba mnogo vode.
06:50
So the first step is to inspire young people,
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Prvi korak je, dakle,
inspirisati mlade,
inspirisati mlade,
06:54
and in that room, Mohamed's presence
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a tu je Mohamed
06:57
had a really profound impact
on the youth in that room.
on the youth in that room.
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izuzetno uticao na mlade u prostoriji.
07:00
They had never really thought
about starting up a business.
about starting up a business.
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Nikada im nije palo na pamet
da osnuju svoj biznis.
da osnuju svoj biznis.
07:03
They've thought about working for an NGO,
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Razmišljali su o radu za NVO,
07:04
working for the government,
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za vladu,
07:06
but his story, his innovation,
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ali njegova priča,
njegova inovativnost,
njegova inovativnost,
07:10
really had a strong impact on them.
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doista su snažno uticali na njih.
07:12
He forced them to look at their city
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Naveo ih je da svoje gradove
07:15
as a place of opportunity.
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posmatraju kao izvor prilika.
07:16
He empowered them to believe
that they could be entrepreneurs,
that they could be entrepreneurs,
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Uverio ih je da mogu biti preduzetnici,
07:20
that they could be change makers.
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da mogu pokrenuti promene.
07:22
By the end of the day, they were coming up
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Do kraja predavanja, već su imali
07:24
with innovative solutions
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inovativna rešenja
07:26
to some of the biggest challenges facing their city.
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za neke od izazova s kojima
im se gradovi suočavaju.
im se gradovi suočavaju.
07:29
They came up with entrepreneurial solutions
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Smišljali su preduzetnička rešenja
07:31
to local problems.
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za lokalne probleme.
07:34
So inspiring young people
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Zbog toga je inspirisanje mladih
07:37
and creating a culture of entrepreneurship
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i stvaranje kulture preduzetništva
07:39
is a really great step,
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zaista krupan korak,
07:41
but young people need capital
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ali mladima su potrebna sredstva
07:43
to make their ideas a reality.
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za pretvaranje ideja u stvarnost.
07:44
They need expertise and mentorship
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Potrebni su im stručnost i mentorstvo
07:47
to guide them in developing
and launching their businesses.
and launching their businesses.
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da ih vode kroz razvoj
i pokretanje poslova.
i pokretanje poslova.
07:50
Connect young people with the resources they need,
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Povežite mlade sa resursima
koji su im potrebni,
koji su im potrebni,
07:53
provide them the support they need
to go from ideation to creation,
to go from ideation to creation,
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dajte im podršku potrebnu za delanje,
07:56
and you will create catalysts for urban growth.
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i stvorićete katalizator
urbanog napretka.
urbanog napretka.
08:00
For me, entrepreneurship is more than just
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Meni je preduzetništvo više
08:03
starting up a business.
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od običnog pokretanja biznisa.
08:05
It's about creating a social impact.
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Ono znači stvaranje uticaja na društvo.
08:07
Mohamed is not simply selling flowers.
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Mohamed ne prodaje samo cveće.
08:09
I believe he is selling hope.
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Smatram da on prodaje i nadu.
08:12
His Peace Park, and that's what he calls it,
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Njegov Park mira, a tako ga naziva,
08:14
when it's created, will actually transform
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kada ga otvori, u stvari će promeniti
08:16
the way people see their city.
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to kako ljudi poimaju svoj grad.
08:18
Aden hired street kids to help rent out
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Aden je angažovao
decu sa ulice da mu pomažu
decu sa ulice da mu pomažu
08:21
and maintain those bikes for him.
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da izdaje i održava motocikle.
08:22
He gave them the opportunity to escape
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Dao im je priliku da pobegnu
08:25
the paralysis of waithood.
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iz parališućeg čekanja.
08:27
These young entrepreneurs are having
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Ti mladi preduzetnici ostvaruju
08:30
a tremendous impact in their cities.
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ogroman uticaj u svojim gradovima.
08:33
So my suggestion is,
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Zato je moj predlog
08:36
turn youth into entrepreneurs,
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da se mladi pretvore u preduzetnike,
08:38
incubate and nurture their inherent innovation,
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da se njihova urođena inovativnost
održava i podržava,
održava i podržava,
08:41
and you will have more stories
of flowers and Peace Parks
of flowers and Peace Parks
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da bismo imali više sličnih priča
o cveću i Parkovima mira,
o cveću i Parkovima mira,
08:45
than of car bombs and waithood.
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nego o bombašima samoubicama
i čekanju.
i čekanju.
08:48
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
08:51
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mohamed Ali - Human rights advocateHuman rights advocate Mohamed Ali fights terrorism with entrepreneurship.
Why you should listen
In urban hubs like Mogadishu, says Mohamed Ali, we're losing our brightest minds to terrorism and violence. Why not channel the energy of ambitious and eager young people toward innovation instead of destruction? Ali is doing his part to make this dream a reality. He is the Executive Director of the Iftiin Foundation, an organization that builds and supports young entrepreneurs to encourage a culture of change and innovation in Somalia and other post-conflict countries. Ali believes these untapped youths can become figures of hope for their communities and ultimately promote peace and stability in the region.
Ali is a founding member of End Famine, a campaign founded in 2011 aimed at promoting food security and eradicating famine worldwide, starting with the Horn of Africa. Ali has a law degree from Boston College Law School.
Mohamed Ali | Speaker | TED.com