Noah Feldman: Hamilton vs. Madison and the birth of American partisanship
Noah Feldman: Hamilton Madıson'a karşı ve Amerika'daki Particiliğin Doğuşu
Noah Feldman studies the intersection of religion, politics and law. Full bio
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for the last year or so,
anlam çıkarmaya çalıştıysanız,
denk gelebilirsiniz:
like the following three propositions:
has never been so bad before;
bu kadar kötü olmamıştı;
it's geographically spatialized --
which want to look outwards,
which wants to look inwards;
merkez olarak ayrıldık
- oldukça mantıklı gözüken
that all three of these propositions,
cumhuriyetimizin en başına
in almost eerily the same way
coğrafi açıdan ayrışmıştı
throughout US history.
bu şekildeydi.
bu sistem partiler arası anlaşmazlığı
an extraordinary mechanism
factional disagreement and partisanship.
yardım edecek şekilde düzenlenmiş.
supplely designed entity
tasarlanmış bir kurum;
factional disagreement
nasıl kontrol edeceğimizi öğretme gibi
for overcoming that disagreement
to a pivotal moment in US history,
geri dönmek istiyorum,
and partisanship was born.
particiliğin doğduğu an.
when partisanship snapped into place.
yerine yerleştiği bir an.
of that story is James Madison.
James Madison idi.
of not only the US Constitution,
daha çok küresel olarak,
more globally,
designed, passed and gotten ratified
teorileştirdi, tasarladı, geçirdi
some sense of the enormity
şunu belirtmeliyim
couldn't have known it at the time,
that he invented is still in use
aynı anayasal teknoloji hala kullanılmakta
of contexts all over the world,
olağanüstü kaynak çeşitliliğinde
to manage governance.
en etkili teknoloji.
having solved this problem,
yönetileceğine inandı
the results of factions
he had designed a constitution
of his constitutional project
called Alexander Hamilton.
Alexander Hamilton.
Madison was not.
where Madison was restrained.
to a woman expect for once
42 yaşına kadar
and lived happily ever after for 40 years.
40 yıl boyunca mutlu yaşadılar.
a hip-hop musical --
yazılabilecek bir kişilikti.
a hip-hop musical.
bir insandı.
the Federalist Papers,
olan Anayasa için
and wildly successful.
belirli bir fikir vardı.
and infrastructure
for constitutions.
of infrastructure.
olduğunu söyledi.
the United States a national bank,
"immortal," his phrase --
olacağını söylemişti-
that would enable trade and manufacturing
ve üretimi sağlayabilecek
wealth had historically been.
birincil zenginlik kaynağıydı.
that his old friend Hamilton was wrong
ve yanlış politikalar sürdürdüğünü
were unconstitutional --
söylemeye başladı,
of the Constitution
the way you would expect.
his "personal and political enemy" --
"kişisel ve politik düşmanı" ilan etti,
such close friends and such close allies
müttefik ve ortak
old-fashioned way.
the Democratic Republican Party --
Demokratik Cumhuriyet Partisi'ni kurdu,
called the Federalist Party.
positions on national politics
mevzi edindiler,
some manufacturing and some trade
yapmaya çalıştığı
to put in charge of the country.
maşa olarak kullandı.
Madison came to believe.
was to look inwards
ülkenin merkezine,
of Republican virtue,
that had made American great,
özellikle devrimin değerlerine,
by saying that Madison was naïve,
to turn the United States
ABD'yi ilkel özerkliğe
on the global scale.
tamamen yetersiz.
to each of their claims,
bazı gerçekler vardı,
the views of the other
iki taraf da diğerinin görüşlerini
came entirely through the lens
tamamen ya Cumhuriyetçi Parti
or the Federalist party.
bakış açısından geliyordu.
the Constitution did its work.
görevini yerine getirdi.
bir şekilde yaptı.
had not fully anticipated.
yenilik yapmakta asla başarısız olmazdı -
when he thought about anything --
that the press was so pro-Federalist
olmasının sebebini
were all Federalists,
olarak açıkladı,
who got their capital from Britain,
kıyılardaki tüm tacirler
criticism of the government --
kanun çıkarmasına rağmen
the freedom of speech,
vurgulamaya başladı,
into the Bill of Rights,
Democratic-Republican Societies --
Demokratik Cumhuriyetçi Toplum diyorlardı-
against Federalist-dominated hegemony.
hegemonyaya karşı protestolara başladı.
to win a national election --
kazanmayı başardı,
became president,
Jefferson ise başkan oldu
completely out of business.
of the Constitution
nedeniyle oldu,
that actually managed faction
grupların ilk başta yapması gerekenleri
in the first place.
that the government was terrible.
söyleyebilirsiniz.
private groups, individuals,
çabalayanları
about fundamental change.
getirme yetkisi.
was the separation of powers --
güçler ayrılığı idi,
of the Constitution.
in the United States
unless you bring on board the center.
that come incredibly fast
ortayı bulmaya yöneltiyor.
the president, in fact, does not rule
hatta yönetemeyeceği
which other people have to agree with --
onaylaması gereken kanun teklif edebilir,
to drive presidents
will reveal to you
bu ilkelerin hala tamamıyla
completely in operation.
kurallarına uymadıkça,
follows the rules of the Constitution,
as indeed has sometimes occurred,
bazen gerçek hayatta olduğu gibi,
but in the past, in US history.
ABD tarihi boyunca olduğu gibi.
ihtiyaç olduğunu bilen seçilmişlere,
they need to win election
in order to pass laws.
insanlara ihtiyacı olur.
then, is the following:
is greater than partisanship.
particilikten çok büyük,
when that's possible,
particiliği kontrol etmemizi
to overcome partisan division
üstesinden gelmemizi sağlıyor
is a technology that worked
işe yaramış teknoloji
of the Civil War,
için işe yaradı,
that you care about,
that matter to you,
hakkında konuşun,
and knowledge and confidence
ve güven çerçevesinde yapın
can do the job that it is designed to do.
tasarlandığı şeyleri yapabilir.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Noah Feldman - Constitutional law scholarNoah Feldman studies the intersection of religion, politics and law.
Why you should listen
Noah Feldman is a professor and writer who tries to figure out how to make the government follow the rules; what the rules are that the government has to follow; and what to do if the rules are being broken. In his work, he asks questions like: How can a 225-year-old constitutional blueprint still work? Can you design a new and better constitution from scratch in places like Iraq and Tunisia? What rights do we have, really?
Feldman is the Felix Frankfurter Professor of Law at Harvard Law School and a contributing writer for Bloomberg View. He served as senior constitutional advisor to the Coalition Provisional Authority in Iraq, and advised members of the Iraqi Governing Council on the drafting of the Transitional Administrative Law or interim constitution. He is writing a biography on James Madison, principal author of the Constitution and fourth president of the US; it's forthcoming in 2017.
Feldman is the author of six other books: Cool War: The Future of Global Competition (Random House, 2013); Scorpions: The Battles and Triumphs of FDR’s Great Supreme Court Justices (Twelve Publishing, 2010); The Fall and Rise of the Islamic State (Princeton University Press, 2008); Divided By God: America's Church-State Problem and What We Should Do About It (Farrar, Straus & Giroux 2005); What We Owe Iraq: War and the Ethics of Nation-building (Princeton University Press 2004) and After Jihad: America and the Struggle for Islamic Democracy (Farrar, Straus & Giroux 2003. He most recently co-authored two textbooks: Constitutional Law, Eighteenth Edition (Foundation Press, 2013) and First Amendment Law, Fifth Edition (Foundation Press, 2013).
Noah Feldman | Speaker | TED.com