Heidi M. Sosik: The discoveries awaiting us in the ocean's twilight zone
هايدي م. سوزيك: الاكتشافات التي تنتظرنا في منطقة الغسق في المحيط
Heidi M. Sosik is an ocean scientist who uses tools like lasers and robotic cameras to figure out how tiny organisms in the ocean affect our whole planet. Full bio
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with this view of the ocean,
through the darkness
these waters teem with life:
has amazing adaptations
of such an extreme environment.
top predators such as whales, tuna,
الأكثر افتراسًا كالحيتان، والتونا،
more fish biomass here
الكتلة الإحيائية السمكية هنا
than all the rest of the ocean combined.
من باقي المحيط برمته.
undiscovered species in deep waters,
التي لم يتم اكتشافها بعد في أعماق البحار،
is intertwined with earth's climate.
is virtually unexplored.
we still don't know about it.
التي لا نعلم عنها بعد.
by just this kind of challenge.
بسبب مثل هذه التحديات.
the perfect intersection
discoveries about life on our planet.
عن الحياة على كوكبنا.
across the Atlantic
using a high-powered laser
أجهزة ليزر ذات قوة عالية
who looked before had completely missed:
كل من نظر قبلنا:
smaller than anyone thought possible.
حجمها أصغر مما خطر على بال أحد.
are the most abundant
هي الكائنات ضوئية التخليق
because we used new technology
بفضل استعمالنا لتكنولوجيا جديدة
awaiting us in the twilight zone
في منطقة الغسق
because it's difficult to study.
يعود إلى صعوبة دراستها.
to the Southern Ocean
حتى المحيط الجنوبي
as the water and animals move.
مع حركة المياه والحيوانات.
and the pressures there are enormous.
ومستوى الضغط هناك عالٍ جدًا.
huge monsters lurking in the deep sea,
تتجول في أعماق البحار،
is called a bristlemouth.
بسمكة هُلبية الفم.
abundant vertebrates on earth
الأكثر تواجدًا على الأرض
that a dozen could fit in this one tube.
أن هذا الأنبوب يمكن أن يسع دستة منها.
from being powerful through sheer number.
من أن تكون أكثر قوة حينما تكون مجتمعة.
that the animals form dense layers.
أن هذه الحيوانات تكوّن طبقات سميكة.
by the red and yellow colors
من خلال اللونين الأحمر والأصفر
يتأرجح من هذه الطبقة،
because the layer is deep during the day,
لأن الطبقة تكون عميقة خلال النهار،
animal migration on earth.
هجرة حيوانية على الأرض.
يومًا بعد يوم
in a massive living wave
على شكل موجة حية ضخمة
travel hundreds of meters
يسافرون لمئات الأمتار
of deeper, darker waters during the day.
داخل المياه العميقة والمظلمة.
help connect the surface and deep ocean
على ربط سطح وعمق المحيط
into the deep waters,
for hundreds or even thousands of years.
لمئات بل لآلاف من السنين.
may help keep carbon dioxide
في أكسدة الكربون
of global warming on our climate.
they are able to transport.
who studies life in the ocean.
is a powerful driver,
حافز قوي،
and answer them quickly,
وأن نجيب عليها بسرعة،
shrimp-like animals called krill.
بحجم الروبيان، تُدعى الكريل.
for aquaculture
of deepening fisheries such as these
a kind of twilight zone gold rush
على الذهب في منطقة الغسق
of national fishing regulations.
global-scale impacts
لا يمكن إصلاحها على الصعيد العالمي
ahead of fishing impacts
this critical part of the ocean.
by colleagues who share this passion.
مع زملاء نتشارك نفس الشغف.
to launch a large-scale exploration
أكبر رحلة استكشاف
the twilight zone's remarkable diversity.
لمنطقة الغسق.
multidimensional exploration
new technologies.
that has changed our thinking.
عما غيّر طريقة تفكيرنا.
on animals such as sharks
على حيوانات مثل أسماك القرش
into the twilight zone to feed.
and compare them to satellite data,
ونقارنها بمعطيات القمر الاصطناعي،
and other features.
found all of their food in surface waters.
تجد كل طعامها على سطح الماء.
on the twilight zone.
how they find the best areas to feed,
طريقتها في البحث عن أفضل المناطق للأكل،
on twilight zone species.
على الكائنات المتواجدة في منطقة الغسق.
to explore the links with climate.
لنكتشف مدى علاقة ذلك بالمناخ.
by gelatinous animals called salps.
تُسمى أسماك السالب.
vacuum cleaners,
فعّالة جدا،
fast-sinking pellets of poop --
على شكل كريات سربعة الغرق --
deep into the ocean.
تحمل الكربون نحو أعماق المحيط.
in enormous swarms.
and when and why and whether
has a big impact on earth's climate.
آثار كبيرة على مناخ الأرض.
to push the limits of technology.
علينا أن نستغل التكنولوجيا بشكل أمثل.
and samplers on smart robots
على روبوتات ذكية
the secret lives of animals like salps.
سر حياة حيوانات مثل سمكة السالب.
and other animals are down there.
تتواجد هناك.
in a kind of forensic analysis
فيما يشبه التحليل التشريحي
unknown about the twilight zone,
عن منطقة الغسق،
opportunity for new discovery.
لاكتشافات جديدة.
fascinating creatures.
are just down there waiting
could not be higher on our team
engineers and communicators.
on decades of overfishing
ونمنع الصيد الجائر
to take a different path this time?
أن نسلك مسلكًا مختلفًا هذه المرة؟
is truly a global commons.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Heidi M. Sosik - Ocean scientist, inventor, explorerHeidi M. Sosik is an ocean scientist who uses tools like lasers and robotic cameras to figure out how tiny organisms in the ocean affect our whole planet.
Why you should listen
Heidi M. Sosik is a scientist, inventor and explorer at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, where she holds the Stanley W. Watson Chair for Excellence in Oceanography. Sosik leads a multidisciplinary team conducting long-term research on marine ecosystems and how they are changing in response to intersecting pressures from human activity, environmental variability and climate change.
During undergraduate engineering studies at MIT, Sosik became fascinated by the diversity of microscopic life in the ocean. This led her toward a doctorate in oceanography and a research career focused on discovery. Today she develops and deploys new technologies to see life in the ocean in new ways. Sosik is co-inventor of a robotic underwater microscope used by researchers around the world to study minuscule forms of life in the ocean and by coastal managers to ensure that seafood is safe to eat. Sosik has been recognized for her impact and leadership through honors including a Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers and selection as a Fellow of The Oceanography Society.
Sosik's bold plan to explore the ocean's twilight zone is one of the first ideas of The Audacious Project, TED's initiative to inspire global change.
Heidi M. Sosik | Speaker | TED.com