Matt Russo: What does the universe sound like? A musical tour
مات روسو: ماذا يشبه صوت الكون يا ترى؟ جولة موسيقية
Matt Russo is an astrophysicist and musician who translates the rhythm and harmony of the cosmos into music and sound. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
to close your eyes, please ...
من فضلكم
in the middle of a large, open field
في منتصف حقل فسيح، ومفتوح
you don't just see the stars appear,
النجوم وهي تظهر فقط
being the loudest notes
هي صاحبة النغمة الأعلى صوتًا
producing the higher-pitched notes.
ستصدر نغماتٍ عالية النبرة.
is made up of different types of stars,
مجموعة مختلفة من النجوم،
their own unique melody,
طابعها الفريد والمميز،
it from a new perspective,
من منظور مختلف،
with a wider range of people.
I'm an astrophysicist,
they're like, "Yeah, we know."
يقولون، "أجل، نعرف ذلك."
between music and astronomy.
بين الموسيقى والفضاء.
to Pythagoras.
from such theorems
in the humming of the strings,
of the spheres."
along the celestial sphere
"Why don't we hear anything?"
what it's like to not hear it;
أنت تسمعها أصلًا؛
for your power to go out
your refrigerator was.
including such names as Aristotle.
as the heavens themselves
حتى الجنة بذاتها
there is no music of the spheres.
لذا لا موسيقى نسمعها من الكرة الأرضية.
only purpose was to cool down the blood,
هو تبريد الدم،
they were actually both right.
أن كليهما على حق.
what makes music musical.
الموسيقى موسيقية.
sound relatively pleasing or consonant,
بالراحة والانسجام، لمجرد تجمعها معًا،
a lot more tense or dissonant,
الانزعاج والتنافر،
very fast back and forth.
سريعة جدًا.
you'll get two strings,
ستحصل على سلسلتين،
للسرعة السابقة.
really is simple ratios:
يكمن في النسب البسيطة:
those two notes will sound together.
the more dissonant they will sound.
كلما نتج صوت متنافر أكثر.
between tension and release,
we like to think of as pitch and rhythms,
الاعتبار دائمًا الاهتزازات والإيقاعات،
of the same thing,
more than about 20 times per second,
أكثر من 20 مرة في الثانية،
and starts hearing it as a pitch.
ويبدأ بسماعها كاهتزاز.
with astronomy?
to the TRAPPIST-1 system.
إلى نظام ال TRAPPIST-1.
discovered last February of 2017,
اكتُشف في شباط (فبراير) الماضي عام 2017،
all orbiting a very near red dwarf star.
وتدور كلها حول نجم أحمر قزم قريب جدًا منا.
for liquid water.
that in the next few years,
عبر السنوات القليلة القادمة،
elements in their atmospheres
لأغلفتها الجوية
potential signs of life.
علامات الحياة المحتملة.
the TRAPPIST system is that it is tiny.
ال TRAPPIST وهو أنه صغير الحجم.
of the inner rocky planets
planets of TRAPPIST-1
ال7 والتي تماثل حجم الأرض
the orbit of Mercury.
of the TRAPPIST-1 planets.
مدارات كواكب TRAPPIST-1.
to our planet Jupiter and its moons,
وأقماره في مجموعتنا الشمسية،
Earth-size planets orbiting a star.
كوكب الأرض ويدورون حول نجم.
was artist renderings like this.
هو وجود علامات للحياة هناك.
some ice, maybe some land,
ومن الممكن مساحة أرضية،
in this amazing orange sunset.
رياضة الغوص.
some other papers came out
it probably looks more like this.
أن الأمر ليس كما يبدو.
might actually be molten lava
كانت قد ذابت على هذه الأسطح
X-rays coming from the central star --
انبعثت من النجم المركزي..
of life and even strip off atmospheres.
وتزيل الأغلفة الجوية.
with more refined measurements,
it does look something like that.
have huge supplies of water --
من هذه الكواكب يحوي على مصادر للماء..
have thick atmospheres,
على أغلفة جوية سميكة،
for potential life.
عن الحياة فيها.
exciting about this system,
يتعلق بهذا النظام،
is a resonant chain.
يشكل سلسلة صوتية.
of the outer planet,
ب3 مرات،
among the orbits of these planets.
البسيطة بين مدارات هذه الكواكب.
you can get rhythms, right?
ستحصل على إيقاع، أليس كذلك؟
a planet goes around.
that motion up even more,
إذا سرعنا الحركة أكثر،
even human-like harmony.
تشبه الموسيقى التي ينتجها الإنسان.
a note for every orbit of each planet,
لكل كوكب من الكواكب،
from the system itself.
into the human hearing range.
for every time two planets align.
يتوازى فيها كوكبان على نفس الخط.
get close to each other
its light converted into sound.
ضوءه يتحول إلى صوت.
how this is even possible.
of the analogy of an orchestra.
الأوركسترا (فرقة موسيقية).
to start playing in an orchestra,
ليبدؤوا عزف الموسيقى،
with their neighbors' instruments,
مع أصوات آلات الفرقة،
to TRAPPIST-1 early in its existence.
في نظام ال TRAPPIST-1 في بداية نشأته.
للكواكب المجاورة لهم
بين كل مدار وآخر.
because this system is so compact --
wasn't very finely tuned,
disrupt each other's orbits,
that is keeping this system alive --
but it's not pretty.
لكنه ليس جميلًا.
is on a much, much larger scale,
من النظام السابق،
near the bottom of our hearing range,
من الحد السماعي الأدنى لدينا.
to be all the way up
are not very compact --
their orbits to each other,
لتعديل مداراتهم
their own random note at random times.
في وقت عشوائي.
the laws of planetary motion.
between music, astronomy and geometry.
harmony amongst the solar system's planets
بين كواكب المجموعة الشمسية
had he lived on TRAPPIST-1,
اكتشاف نظام TRAPPIST-1،
discovered in January of 2018
في كانون الثاني (يناير) من عام 2018
they were all finely tuned.
proposed by Pythagoras himself,
named after Kepler,
is go back in time
they would've sounded like
How far does this go?
إلى أين نتجه في هذا؟
at U of T's planetarium,
بجامعة تورنوتو،
named Robyn Rennie and her daughter Erin.
تدعى روبن ريني وابنتها إيرين.
to fully see it for 13 years
بشكل كامل لمدة 13 عام
if there was anything I could do.
أي شيء لمساعدتهم.
I could think of from the universe
التي استطعت التفكير فيها
what became "Our Musical Universe."
يعتمد على الموسيقى
and harmony of the cosmos.
by this presentation
representation of her experience.
by putting Jupiter on it for the poster.
عليها من أجل الإعلان.
of all vision levels
أخذت أشخاصًا بمستويات رؤية مختلفة
of the universe,
to the edge of the observable universe.
لما نستطيع رؤيته من الكون.
of a musical odyssey
with new eyes and with new ears,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Matt Russo - Astrophysicist, musicianMatt Russo is an astrophysicist and musician who translates the rhythm and harmony of the cosmos into music and sound.
Why you should listen
Matt Russo co-founded the art-science project SYSTEM Sounds and works to make astronomy more accessible to the visually impaired. His work has been featured in the New York Times, and he will lead an orchestra in an upcoming BBC documentary on the TRAPPIST-1 planetary system. He is currently a professor at Seneca College in Toronto, Canada, where he teaches a course on the deep connections between music and astronomy.
Matt Russo | Speaker | TED.com