TED2011
Paul Nicklen: Animal tales from icy wonderlands
Paul Nicklen: Històries de terres maravelloses enmig del glaç.
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Submergint-se sota el gel de l'Antàrtic per apropar-se a la temuda foca lleopard, el fotògraf Paul Nicklen va descobrir un nou amic extraordinari. Comparteix les seves divertides i apasionades històries sobre maravelloses terres polars, ilustrades per imatges glorioses d'animals que viuen sobre i sota el gel.
Paul Nicklen - Polar photographer
Paul Nicklen photographs the creatures of the Arctic and Antarctic, generating global awareness about wildlife in these isolated and endangered environments. Full bio
Paul Nicklen photographs the creatures of the Arctic and Antarctic, generating global awareness about wildlife in these isolated and endangered environments. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
My journey to become a polar specialist,
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El viatge que em portà a ser un especialista polar,
00:18
photographing, specializing in the polar regions,
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fotografiant i especialitzant-me en regions polars,
00:21
began when I was four years old,
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va començar quan tenia 4 anys.
00:23
when my family moved from Southern Canada
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i la meva famila es va traslladar del sud de Canada
00:26
to Northern Baffin Island, up by Greenland.
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al nord de l'illa Baffin, a Groenlàndia.
00:29
There we lived with the Inuit
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Allà vam viure amb els Inuit.
00:31
in the tiny Inuit community of 200 Inuit people,
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Amb la petita comunitat Inuit de 200 persones,
00:33
where [we] were one of three non-Inuit families.
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erem una de les tres families no Inuit.
00:36
And in this community, we didn't have a television;
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En aquesta comunitat no teniem televisors;
00:38
we didn't have computers, obviously, radio.
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no teniem ordinadors ni, evidentment, radio.
00:41
We didn't even have a telephone.
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Ni tan sols teniem telèfon.
00:44
All of my time was spent outside
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Pasava tota l'estona fora
00:46
with the Inuit, playing.
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amb els Inuit, jugant.
00:48
The snow and the ice were my sandbox,
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La neu i el gel eren el meu sorral,
00:50
and the Inuit were my teachers.
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i els Inuit eren els meus professors.
00:52
And that's where I became
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Allà és on vaig tornar-me
00:54
truly obsessed with this polar realm.
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un veritable obsessionat d'aquest reialme polar.
00:56
And I knew someday that I was going to do something
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I sabia que algun dia faria alguna cosa
00:58
that had to do with trying to share news about it
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que tindria a veure amb intentar compartir històries sobre ell
01:00
and protect it.
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i protegir-lo.
01:02
I'd like to share with you, for just two minutes only,
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M'agradaria compartir amb vosaltres, només durant 2 minuts,
01:04
some images, a cross-section of my work,
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algunes imatges, una pinzellada de la meva feina,
01:06
to the beautiful music by Brandi Carlile, "Have You Ever."
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amb la preciosa música de Brandi Carlile, "Have You Ever".
01:09
I don't know why National Geographic has done this, they've never done this before,
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No sé perquè National Geographic ho ha fet, mai no ho havia fet abans,
01:12
but they're allowing me to show you a few images
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però em permeten ensenyar-vos algunes imatges
01:14
from a coverage that I've just completed that is not published yet.
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d'un article que acabo de finalitzar i que encara no s'ha publicat.
01:17
National Geographic doesn't do this,
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National Geographic no ho fà això.
01:19
so I'm very excited to be able to share this with you.
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Així que estic molt emocionat de poder-ho compartir amb vosaltres.
01:21
And what these images are --
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Aquestes imatges són...
01:23
you'll see them at the start of the slide show -- there's only about four images --
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les veureu al principi de la presentació, només unes quatre imatges...
01:26
but it's of a little bear that lives in the Great Bear Rainforest.
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són d'un ós petit que viu al Bosc del Gran Ós.
01:29
It's pure white, but it's not a polar bear.
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És totalment blanc, però no és un ós polar.
01:32
It's a spirit bear, or a Kermode bear.
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És un ós d'esperit, o un ós de Kermode.
01:34
There are only 200 of these bears left.
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Només en queden 200 exemplars.
01:36
They're more rare than the panda bear.
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Són més escasos que l'ós panda.
01:39
I sat there on the river for two months without seeing one.
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Vaig seure a la vora del riu durant 2 mesos sense veure'n cap.
01:42
I thought, my career's over.
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Pensava: és la fí de la meva carrera.
01:44
I proposed this stupid story to National Geographic.
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Vaig proposar una història estúpida a National Geographic.
01:46
What in the heck was I thinking?
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en què nassos pensava?
01:48
So I had two months to sit there
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Així que vaig passar dos mesos assegut
01:50
and figure out different ways of what I was going to do in my next life,
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i pensant diverses opcions de què feria amb la meva vida,
01:52
after I was a photographer, because they were going to fire me.
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després de ser fotògraf, ja que m'acomiadarien.
01:54
Because National Geographic is a magazine; they remind us all the time:
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Perquè National Geographic és una revista: com sempre ens recorden,
01:57
they publish pictures, not excuses.
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ells publiquen fotografies, no excuses.
01:59
(Laughter)
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(Rialles)
02:04
And after two months of sitting there --
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Després de dos mesos de seure allà,
02:06
one day, thinking that it was all over,
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un dia, quan pensava que tot s'havia acabat,
02:08
this incredible big white male came down,
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aquest increïble gran ós blanc mascle va baixar,
02:10
right beside me, three feet away from me,
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just al meu costat, a només un metre de mí,
02:12
and he went down and grabbed a fish and went off in the forest and ate it.
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va ajupir-se i agafar un peix, i va tornar al bosc per menjar-se'l.
02:15
And then I spent the entire day living my childhood dream
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I vaig pasar tot el día vivint el meu somni d'infantesa
02:18
of walking around with this bear through the forest.
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de passejar amb aquest ós pel bosc.
02:21
He went through this old-growth forest
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Va anar per aquest bosc antic i
02:23
and sat up beside this 400-year-old culturally modified tree and went to sleep.
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va seure a la vora d'aquest arbre de 400 anys culturalment modificat i va dormir-se.
02:26
And I actually got to sleep within three feet of him,
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I de fet jo em vaig adormir a només 1 metre d'ell,
02:29
just in the forest, and photograph him.
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enmig del bosc, i el viag fotografiar.
02:32
So I'm very excited to be able to show you those images
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Així que estic molt emocionat de poder ensenyar-vos aquestes imatges
02:35
and a cross-section of my work that I've done on the polar regions.
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i una pinzellada de la feina que he fet a les regions polars.
02:37
Please enjoy.
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Si us plau, disfruteu-ne.
02:40
(Music)
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(Música)
02:44
Brandi Carlile: ♫ Have you ever wandered lonely through the woods? ♫
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Brandi Carlile: ♫ Alguna vegada has passejat sol pel bosc? ♫
02:50
♫ And everything there feels just as it should ♫
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♫ I allà sents que tot és com hauria de ser ♫
02:55
♫ You're part of the life there ♫
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♫ Allà formes part de la vida ♫
02:57
♫ You're part of something good ♫
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♫ Formes part de quelcom bo ♫
03:00
♫ If you've ever wandered lonely through the woods ♫
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♫ Si mai has passejat sol pel bosc ♫
03:06
♫ Ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh ♫
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♫ Ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh ♫
03:11
♫ If you've ever wandered lonely through the woods ♫
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♫ Si mai has passejat sol pel bosc ♫
03:16
♫ Have you ever stared into a starry sky? ♫
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♫ Has mirat mai un cel estrellat? ♫
03:21
♫ Lying on your back, you're asking why ♫
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♫ Estirat cap amunt, et preguntes per què? ♫
03:26
♫ What's the purpose? ♫
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♫ Quin sentit té? ♫
03:28
♫ I wonder, who am I? ♫
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♫ Em pregunto, quí sóc? ♫
03:31
♫ If you've ever stared into a starry sky ♫
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♫ Si mai has mirat un cel estrellat ♫
03:37
♫ Ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh ♫
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♫ Ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh ♫
03:43
♫ Aah, ah, aah ♫
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♫ Aah, ah, aah ♫
03:48
♫ Ah, oh, oh, ah, ah, oh, oh ♫
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♫ Ah, oh, oh, ah, ah, oh, oh ♫
03:55
♫ Have you ever stared into a starry sky? ♫
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♫ Has mirat mai un cel estrellat? ♫
04:05
♫ Have you ever been out walking in the snow? ♫
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♫ Has passejat mai per la neu? ♫
04:10
♫ Tried to get back where you were before ♫
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♫ Intentant tornar on eres abans ♫
04:15
♫ You always end up ♫
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♫ Sempre acabes ♫
04:17
♫ Not knowing where to go ♫
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♫ Sense saber on anar ♫
04:23
♫ If you've ever been out walking in the snow ♫
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♫ Si mai has passejat per la neu ♫
04:28
♫ Ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh ♫
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♫ Ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh ♫
04:34
♫ Aah, ah, aah, ah, aah ♫
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♫ Aah, ah, aah, ah, aah ♫
04:38
♫ Ah, ah, oh, ah, ah, oh, ah ♫
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♫ Ah, ah, oh, ah, ah, oh, ah ♫
04:46
♫ Oh, ah, ah, ah ♫
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♫ Oh, ah, ah, ah ♫
04:49
♫ Ah, ah, oh, ah, ah, oh, oh ♫
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♫ Ah, ah, oh, ah, ah, oh, oh ♫
04:57
♫ If you'd ever been out walking you would know ♫
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♫ Si mai haguessis sortit a passejar ho sabries ♫
05:04
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
05:08
Paul Nicklen: Thank you very much. The show's not over.
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Paul Nicken: Moltes gràcies. L'espectacle no s'ha acabat.
05:11
My clock is ticking. Okay, let's stop.
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Se m'acaba el temps. D'acord, parem.
05:13
Thank you very much. I appreciate it.
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Moltes gràcies. Ho agraeixo.
05:15
We're inundated with news all the time
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Ens inunden amb notícies tota l'estona
05:18
that the sea ice is disappearing
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sobre com el gel està desapareixent
05:20
and it's at its lowest level.
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i com està al seu nivell més baix.
05:22
And in fact, scientists were originally saying
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De fet, els científics al principi deien
05:24
sea ice is going to disappear in the next hundred years, then they said 50 years.
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que el gel marí desapareixeria en els propers cent anys, després van dir que en 50.
05:27
Now they're saying the sea ice in the Arctic,
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Ara diuen que la banquisa de l'Ártic,
05:30
the summertime extent is going to be gone in the next four to 10 years.
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durant l'estiu desapareixerà entre els propers 4 a 10 anys.
05:33
And what does that mean?
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I què vol dir això?
05:35
After a while of reading this in the news, it just becomes news.
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Després de llegir la notícia als diaris unes quantes vegades, només és una notícia.
05:38
You glaze over with it.
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Ho mires per sobre.
05:40
And what I'm trying to do with my work is put faces to this.
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El que intento fer amb la meva feina és posar-hi una cara.
05:42
And I want people to understand and get the concept
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I vull que la gent entengui i agafi el concepte
05:45
that, if we lose ice,
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que, si perdem el gel,
05:47
we stand to lose an entire ecosystem.
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podríem perdre tot un ecosistema.
05:49
Projections are that we could lose polar bears; they could become extinct
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Les projeccions són que podriem perdre l'ós polar, que podria extingir-se,
05:52
in the next 50 to 100 years.
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en els propers 50 a 100 anys.
05:54
And there's no better, sexier,
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I no hi ha una mega-espècie millor, més atractiva,
05:56
more beautiful, charismatic megafauna species
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més bonica, carismàtica
05:59
for me to hang my campaign on.
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en la que recolzar la meva campanya.
06:02
Polar bears are amazing hunters.
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Els óssos polars són caçadors increïbles.
06:04
This was a bear I sat with for a while on the shores.
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Vaig seure amb aquest ós una estona a la vora del mar.
06:06
There was no ice around.
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No es veia gens de gel,
06:08
But this glacier caved into the water and a seal got on it.
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però un glaciar va cedir cap a l'aigua i una foca s'hi va ficar.
06:10
And this bear swam out to that seal --
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I aquest ós va nedar fins la foca,
06:12
800 lb. bearded seal --
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una foca barbuda de 360 kg,
06:14
grabbed it, swam back and ate it.
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la va agafar, va tornar nedant i se la va menjar.
06:17
And he was so full, he was so happy and so fat eating this seal,
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I estava tan tip, tan content i tan gras menjant-se la foca,
06:20
that, as I approached him --
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que en acostar-m'hi,
06:22
about 20 feet away -- to get this picture,
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a uns 6 metres per a fer aquesta foto,
06:24
his only defense was to keep eating more seal.
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la seva única defensa va ser seguir menjant més foca.
06:26
And as he ate, he was so full --
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I mentre menjava, estava tan plè..
06:28
he probably had about 200 lbs of meat in his belly --
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amb probablement uns 90 kg a la panxa...
06:31
and as he ate inside one side of his mouth,
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que mentre menjava per un costat de la boca,
06:33
he was regurgitating out the other side of his mouth.
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regurjitava per l'altre costat de la boca.
06:36
So as long as these bears have any bit of ice they will survive,
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Així que mentre quedi un xic de gel, aquests òssos sobreviuran,
06:39
but it's the ice that's disappearing.
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però el gel està desapareixent.
06:42
We're finding more and more dead bears in the Arctic.
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Estem trobant més i més óssos morts a l'Àrtic.
06:45
When I worked on polar bears as a biologist 20 years ago,
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Fa 20 anys, quan treballava com a biòleg amb els óssos polars,
06:47
we never found dead bears.
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mai trobavem óssos morts.
06:49
And in the last four or five years,
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En els últims quatre o cinc anys,
06:51
we're finding dead bears popping up all over the place.
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hem trobat óssos morts per tot arreu.
06:53
We're seeing them in the Beaufort Sea,
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Els trobem al mar de Beaufort,
06:55
floating in the open ocean where the ice has melted out.
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flotant a mar obert on el gel s'ha fos.
06:57
I found a couple in Norway last year. We're seeing them on the ice.
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Vaig trobar-ne un parell a Noruega l'any passat. Els trobem al gel.
07:00
These bears are already showing signs
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Aquest óssos mostren signes
07:02
of the stress of disappearing ice.
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d'estrés per la desaparició del gel.
07:05
Here's a mother and her two year-old cub
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Aquí tenen una mare amb la seva cria de 2 anys
07:08
were traveling on a ship a hundred miles offshore in the middle of nowhere,
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que viatgen en un vaixell a milers de milles mar endins, enmig d'enlloc,
07:11
and they're riding on this big piece of glacier ice,
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i viatgen en aquest gran troç de gel de glaciar,
07:13
which is great for them; they're safe at this point.
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la qual cosa és genial per a ells: aquí estan segurs.
07:15
They're not going to die of hypothermia.
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No moriràn d'hipotèrmia.
07:17
They're going to get to land.
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Arribaran a terra ferma.
07:19
But unfortunately, 95 percent of the glaciers in the Arctic
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Però per desgràcia, el 95 percent dels glaciars de l'Àrtic
07:21
are also receding right now
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també estan retrocedint ara mateix
07:23
to the point that the ice is ending up on land
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fins el punt que el gel acaba a terra ferma
07:25
and not injecting any ice back into the ecosystem.
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sense injectar cap gel de nou a l'ecosistema.
07:29
These ringed seals, these are the "fatsicles" of the Arctic.
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Aquestes foques ocel.lades, els "grassonets" de l'Àrtic.
07:31
These little, fat dumplings,
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Aquest bunyolets grassos,
07:33
150-pound bundles of blubber
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paquets de greix de 70 kg,
07:36
are the mainstay of the polar bear.
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son la base de l'ós polar.
07:38
And they're not like the harbor seals that you have here.
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I no són com les foques comunes que teniu aquí.
07:41
These ringed seals also live out their entire life cycle
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Aquestes foques ocel.lades viuen tot el seu cicle vital
07:44
associated and connected to sea ice.
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associades i conectades a la banquisa.
07:47
They give birth inside the ice,
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Donen a llum dins del gel,
07:49
and they feed on the Arctic cod that live under the ice.
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i s'alimenten del bacallà àrtic que viu sota el gel.
07:52
And here's a picture of sick ice.
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Aquí teniu una foto de gel malalt.
07:54
This is a piece of multi-year ice that's 12 years old.
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Aquest és un troç format per gel de diversos anys de 12 anys d'antiguetat.
07:57
And what scientists didn't predict is that, as this ice melts,
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I el que els científics no havien previst era que, mentre el gel es fon,
08:00
these big pockets of black water are forming
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es formen aquestes grans bassals d'aigua negra
08:03
and they're grabbing the sun's energy
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que atrapen l'energia solar
08:05
and accelerating the melting process.
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i acceleren el procés de desglaç.
08:07
And here we are diving in the Beaufort Sea.
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Aquí estem bussejant al mar de Beaufort.
08:09
The visibility's 600 ft.; we're on our safety lines;
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La visibilitat és de 180 metres; portem cordes de seguretat;
08:12
the ice is moving all over the place.
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el gel es mou per tot arreu.
08:14
I wish I could spend half an hour telling you
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M'agradaria tenir mitja hora per a explicar-vos
08:16
about how we almost died on this dive.
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com gairebé morim en aquella immersió.
08:18
But what's important in this picture is that you have a piece of multi-year ice,
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Però el que importa d'aquesta foto és que hi ha un troç de gel de diversos anys,
08:21
that big chunk of ice up in the corner.
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aquest gran troç de gel a la cantonada.
08:23
In that one single piece of ice,
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En només aquest troç de gel,
08:25
you have 300 species of microorganisms.
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hi ha 300 espècies de microorganismes.
08:27
And in the spring, when the sun returns to the ice,
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A la primavera, quan el sol torna al gel,
08:30
it forms the phytoplankton, grows under that ice,
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es crea, el fitoplàncton, creix sota el gel,
08:32
and then you get bigger sheets of seaweed,
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i aleshores obtens capes més grans d'algues,
08:35
and then you get the zoo plankton feeding on all that life.
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i aleshores obtens el zooplàncton que s'alimenta de tota aquesta vida.
08:37
So really what the ice does
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Així que el que de debó fa el gel
08:39
is it acts like a garden.
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és actuar com un jardí.
08:41
It acts like the soil in a garden. It's an inverted garden.
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És com si fos la terra d'un jardí. És un jardí invertit.
08:44
Losing that ice is like losing the soil in a garden.
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Perdre aquest gel és com perdre la terra d'un jardí.
08:46
Here's me in my office.
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Aquí teniu la meva oficina.
08:48
I hope you appreciate yours.
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Espero que us faci apreciar la vostra.
08:50
This is after an hour under the ice.
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Aquí havia estat una hora sota el gel.
08:53
I can't feel my lips; my face is frozen;
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No em sentia el llavis; tenia la cara glaçada;
08:55
I can't feel my hands; I can't feel my feet.
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no em sentia les mans; no em sentia els peus.
08:57
And I've come up, and all I wanted to do was get out of the water.
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Havia pujat i tot el que volia era sortir de l'aigua.
09:00
After an hour in these conditions,
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Després d'una hora en aquestes condicions,
09:02
it's so extreme that, when I go down,
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és tan extrem que, quan baixo,
09:04
almost every dive I vomit into my regulator
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gairebé en cada immersió vomito en el meu regulador,
09:06
because my body can't deal with the stress of the cold on my head.
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perquè el meu cos no pot suportar l'estrés del fred al cap.
09:09
And so I'm just so happy that the dive is over.
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Així que estic molt content d'acabar la immersió.
09:11
I get to hand my camera to my assistant,
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Vaig a donar-li la càmera al meu ajudant,
09:13
and I'm looking up at him, and I'm going, "Woo. Woo. Woo."
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i el miro i faig, "Woo. Woo. Woo."
09:16
Which means, "Take my camera."
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Que vol dir, "Agafa la càmera."
09:18
And he thinks I'm saying, "Take my picture."
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Però ell pensa que estic dient, "Fes-me una foto."
09:20
So we had this little communication breakdown.
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Així que tenim un petit error de comunicació.
09:23
(Laughter)
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(Rialles)
09:26
But it's worth it.
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Però val la pena.
09:28
I'm going to show you pictures of beluga whales, bowhead whales,
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Avui us s ensenyaré fotos de balenes beluga, balenes de Groenlàndia,
09:30
and narwhals, and polar bears, and leopard seals today,
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i narvals, i óssos polars i foques lleopard,
09:33
but this picture right here means more to me than any other I've ever made.
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però aquesta foto significa per a mí molt més que qualsevol altra.
09:36
I dropped down in this ice hole, just through that hole that you just saw,
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Vaig baixar per aquest forat de gel, a través del forat que acabeu de veure,
09:39
and I looked up under the underside of the ice,
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i vaig mirar cap amunt per la banda de sota del gel,
09:41
and I was dizzy; I thought I had vertigo.
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i em vaig marejar; pensava que tenia vertigen.
09:43
I got very nervous -- no rope, no safety line,
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Em vaig posar molt nerviós, sense corda, ni línea de seguretat,
09:45
the whole world is moving around me --
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tot el món es movia al meu voltant,
09:47
and I thought, "I'm in trouble."
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i vaig pensar, "Estic en un embolic".
09:49
But what happened is that the entire underside
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Però el que va pasar va ser que tota la part de sota
09:51
was full of these billions of amphipods and copepods
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estava plena d'aquests milers de milons d'amfípodes i copèpodes
09:54
moving around and feeding on the underside of the ice,
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movent-se i alimentant-se sota el gel,
09:57
giving birth and living out their entire life cycle.
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donant a llum i vivint tot el seu cicle vital.
09:59
This is the foundation of the whole food chain in the Arctic, right here.
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Aquests són els fonaments de tota la cadena alimentaria de l'Àrtic, just aquí.
10:02
And when you have low productivity in this, in ice,
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I quan tenens una producció baixa aquí, al gel,
10:05
the productivity in copepods go down.
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la productivitat dels copèpodes disminueix.
10:08
This is a bowhead whale.
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Aquesta és una balena de Groenlàndia.
10:10
Supposedly, science is stating
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Suposadament, la ciència diu
10:12
that it could be the oldest living animal on earth right now.
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que podria ser l'animal més vell de la Terra en l'actualitat.
10:15
This very whale right here could be over 250 years old.
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Aquesta balena d'aquí podria tenir 250 anys.
10:18
This whale could have been born
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Aquesta balena podria haver nascut
10:20
around the start of the Industrial Revolution.
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al principi de la Revolució Industrial.
10:22
It could have survived 150 years of whaling.
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Podria haver sobreviscut 150 anys de caçadors de balenes.
10:25
And now its biggest threat is the disappearance of ice in the North
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I ara la seva amenaça més gran és la desaparició del gel al nord,
10:28
because of the lives that we're leading in the South.
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a causa de la vida que portem aquí al sud.
10:31
Narwhals, these majestic narwhals
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Els narvals, aquests narvals majestuosos.
10:33
with their eight-foot long ivory tusks, don't have to be here;
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amb els seus ullals d'ivori de 2 metres, no haurien de ser aquí;
10:36
they could be out on the open water.
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podríen ser a mar obert.
10:38
But they're forcing themselves to come up in these tiny little ice holes
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Però es veuen forçats a pujar per aquests diminuts forats de gel
10:41
where they can breathe, catch a breath,
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on poden respirar, recuperar l'alè,
10:43
because right under that ice are all the swarms of cod.
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perque just sota aquest gel hi ha tots els bancs de bacallà.
10:46
And the cod are there
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I el bacallá està aquí
10:48
because they are feeding on all the copepods and amphipods.
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perquè s'alimenta de copèpodes i amfípodes.
10:51
Alright, my favorite part.
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I ara, la meva part preferida.
10:54
When I'm on my deathbed,
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Quan estigui al meu llit de mort,
10:56
I'm going to remember one story more than any other.
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recordaré una història més que cap altra.
10:58
Even though that spirit bear moment was powerful,
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Malgrat que l'experiència amb l'ós d'esperit va ser intensa,
11:01
I don't think I'll ever have another experience
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no crec que pugui tenir mai una experiència
11:03
like I did with these leopard seals.
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com la que vaig tenir amb aquestes foques lleopard.
11:05
Leopard seals, since the time of Shackleton, have had a bad reputation.
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Les foques lleopard, des de l'època de Shackleton, han tingut mala reputació.
11:08
They've got that wryly smile on their mouth.
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Tenen un somriure irònic a la boca.
11:10
They've got those black sinister eyes
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Tenen aquests sinistres ulls negres
11:12
and those spots on their body.
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i taques per tot el cos.
11:14
They look positively prehistoric and a bit scary.
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Semblen talment prehistòriques i espanten una mica.
11:17
And tragically in [2003],
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I per desgràcia el 2004,
11:19
a scientist was taken down and drowned,
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una científica va ofegar-se,
11:22
and she was being consumed by a leopard seal.
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i una foca lleopard se l'estava menjant.
11:24
And people were like, "We knew they were vicious. We knew they were."
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I la gent deia: "Sabiem que eren vicioses. Sabiem que ho eren."
11:27
And so people love to form their opinions.
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A la gent li encanta crear opinions.
11:29
And that's when I got a story idea:
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I d'aquí vaig treure la idea d'una història:
11:31
I want to go to Antarctica,
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volia anar a l'Antàrtida,
11:33
get in the water with as many leopard seals as I possibly can
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ficar-me a l'aigua amb tantes foques lleopard com fos possible
11:35
and give them a fair shake --
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i donar-los una oportunitat,
11:37
find out if they really are these vicious animals, or if they're misunderstood.
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averiguar si son animals viciosos o si son uns incompresos.
11:40
So this is that story.
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Aquesta és la història.
11:42
Oh, and they also happen to eat happy feet.
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Oh, i també es menjen en "Happy Feet".
11:45
(Laughter)
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(Rialles)
11:48
As a species, as humans, we like to say penguins are really cute,
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Com a espècie, als humans ens agrada dir que els pingüins son bonics,
11:51
therefore, leopard seals eat them, so leopard seals are ugly and bad.
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per tant, les foques lleopard que se'ls menjen son lletges i dolentes.
11:54
It doesn't work that way.
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Però no funciona així.
11:56
The penguin doesn't know it's cute,
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Els pingüins no saben que son bonics.
11:58
and the leopard seal doesn't know it's kind of big and monstrous.
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I les foques lleopard no saben que son grans i monstruoses.
12:00
This is just the food chain unfolding.
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Senzillament es tracta de la cadena alimentícia.
12:03
They're also big.
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També son grans.
12:05
They're not these little harbor seals.
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No són com les petites foques comuns.
12:07
They are 12 ft. long, a thousand pounds.
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Medeixen més de 3 m. i pesen més de 300 kg.
12:09
And they're also curiously aggressive.
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I també son curiosament agresives.
12:12
You get 12 tourists packed into a Zodiac,
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Apareixen 12 turistes apretats en una Zodiac,
12:15
floating in these icy waters,
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flotant en questes aigües glaçades,
12:17
and a leopard seal comes up and bites the pontoon.
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i una foca lleopard puja i mossega el pontó.
12:19
The boat starts to sink, they race back to the ship
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La barca comença a enfonsar-se, fugen cap al vaixell
12:22
and get to go home and tell the stories of how they got attacked.
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i aconsegueixen tornar a casa i explicar la història de com van ser atacats.
12:24
All the leopard seal was doing --
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L'únic que feia la foca lleopard,
12:26
it's just biting a balloon.
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era mossegar un globus.
12:28
It just sees this big balloon in the ocean -- it doesn't have hands --
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Senzillament veu aquest gran globus a l'oceà, i com que no té mans,
12:30
it's going to take a little bite, the boat pops, and off they go.
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li fa una mossegadeta, la barca peta i apa...
12:33
(Laughter)
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(Rialles)
12:35
So after five days of crossing the Drake Passage --
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Així que després de cinc dies creuant el Passatge de Drake...
12:38
isn't that beautiful.
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oi que és preciós?.
12:41
After five days of crossing the Drake Passage,
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Després de cinc dies creuant el Passatge de Drake,
12:44
we have finally arrived at Antarctica.
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vam arribar finalment a l'Antàrtida.
12:46
I'm with my Swedish assistant and guide.
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Estic amb el meu ajudant i guia suec.
12:48
His name is Goran Ehlme from Sweden -- Goran.
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Es diu Göran Ehlmé, de Suècia; Göran.
12:52
And he has a lot of experience with leopard seals. I have never seen one.
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Té molta experiència amb les foques lleopard. Jo no n'he vist mai una.
12:55
So we come around the cove in our little Zodiac boat,
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Doncs arribem a la cala en la nostra petita barca Zodiac,
12:58
and there's this monstrous leopard seal.
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i trobem aquesta monstruosa foca lleopard.
13:00
And even in his voice, he goes, "That's a bloody big seal, ya."
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I fins i tot ell diu amb la seva veu: "Aquesta foca és refotudament gran, tu."
13:02
(Laughter)
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(Rialles)
13:04
And this seal is taking this penguin by the head,
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I aquesta foca esta agafant un pingüi pel cap,
13:07
and it's flipping it back and forth.
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i el giravolta amunt i avall.
13:09
And what it's trying to do is turn that penguin inside-out,
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I el que intenta fer és girar el pingüi com un mitjó,
13:11
so it can eat the meat off the bones,
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per a menjar-se la carn separant-la dels ossos,
13:14
and then it goes off and gets another one.
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i en acabar marxa i n'agafa un altre.
13:16
And so this leopard seal grabbed another penguin,
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Així que aquesta foca lleopard agafa un altre pingüí,
13:18
came under the boat, the Zodiac,
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ve cap a sota la barca, la Zodiac,
13:20
starting hitting the hull of the boat.
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i comença a colpejar-ne el casc.
13:22
And we're trying to not fall in the water.
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Nosaltres intentem no caure a l'aigua.
13:24
And we sit down, and that's when Goran said to me,
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Seiem i alehsores en Göran em diu:
13:27
"This is a good seal, ya.
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"Aquesta és una bona foca, tu.
13:29
It's time for you to get in the water."
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Es hora que et fiquis a l'aigua."
13:31
(Laughter)
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(Rialles)
13:34
And I looked at Goran, and I said to him, "Forget that."
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Miro en Goran i li dic: "Ni parlar-ne."
13:37
But I think I probably used a different word starting with the letter F.
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Crec que segurament vaig utilitzar una altra paraula més grollera.
13:41
But he was right.
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Però tenia raó.
13:43
He scolded me out, and said, "This is why we're here.
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Ell em va renyar i em va dir: "Per això estem aquí.
13:45
And you purposed this stupid story to National Geographic.
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Tú li vas proposar l'estúpida història a National Geographic.
13:47
And now you've got to deliver.
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I ara ho has de fer.
13:49
And you can't publish excuses."
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I no pots publicar excuses."
13:51
So I had such dry mouth --
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Tenia la boca tant seca,
13:53
probably not as bad as now --
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potser no tant com ara,
13:55
but I had such, such dry mouth.
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però la tenia molt, molt seca.
13:59
And my legs were just trembling. I couldn't feel my legs.
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Les cames em tremolaven. No em sentia les cames.
14:02
I put my flippers on. I could barely part my lips.
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Em vaig posar les aletes. No podia ni separar els llavis.
14:04
I put my snorkel in my mouth,
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Vaig posar-me el tub a la boca,
14:06
and I rolled over the side of the Zodiac into the water.
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i viag llençar-me a l'aigua per la borda de la Zodiac.
14:09
And this was the first thing she did.
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I això va ser el primer que va fer la foca.
14:11
She came racing up to me, engulfed my whole camera --
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Va venir volant cap a mí, agafant la càmera sencera,
14:14
and her teeth are up here and down here --
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les seves dents estaven aquí dalt i aqui baix,
14:17
but Goran, before I had gotten in the water, had given me amazing advice.
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però en Göran, abans de ficar-me a l'aigua, m'havia donat un consell fantàstic.
14:20
He said, "If you get scared, you close your eyes, ya, and she'll go away."
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Va dir: "Si t'espantes, tanca els ulls, tu, i marxarà."
14:24
(Laughter)
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(Rialles)
14:27
So that's all I had to work with at that point.
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Doncs això era tot el que tenia en aquell moment.
14:29
But I just started to shoot these pictures.
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Però vaig començar a fer fotografies.
14:31
So she did this threat display for a few minutes,
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Va amenaçar-me durant uns minuts,
14:33
and then the most amazing thing happened -- she totally relaxed.
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i després va pasar quelcom maravellós: es va relaxar totalment.
14:36
She went off, she got a penguin.
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Va allunyar-se, va atrapar un pingüí.
14:38
She stopped about 10 feet away from me,
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Va aturar-se a 3 metres de mí,
14:40
and she sat there with this penguin, the penguin's flapping, and she let's it go.
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i va quedar-se allà amb el pingüí aletejant, i el va deixar anar.
14:43
The penguin swims toward me, takes off.
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El pingüí va nedar cap a mí, i va fugir.
14:46
She grabs another one. She does this over and over.
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Ella en va atrapar un altre. Ho va fer una i altra vegada.
14:48
And it dawned on me that she's trying to feed me a penguin.
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I em vaig adonar que estava intentant alimentar-me amb pingüins.
14:50
Why else would she release these penguins at me?
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Per què sinó em portava pingüins?
14:54
And after she did this four or five times,
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Després de fer-ho quatre o cinc vegades,
14:57
she swam by me with this dejected look on her face.
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va venir cap a mí amb una mirada abatuda.
15:00
You don't want to be too anthropomorphic, but I swear that she looked at me
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No vull ser massa antropomòrfic, però juraria que em mirava
15:03
like, "This useless predator's going to starve in my ocean."
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com dient: "Aquest depredador inútil morirà de gana al meu oceà."
15:05
(Laughter)
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(Rialles)
15:10
So realizing I couldn't catch swimming penguins,
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En adonar-se que no podia atrapar pingüins mentre nedaven,
15:12
she'd get these other penguins and bring them slowly towards me,
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va atrapar més pinguins i me'ls va portar poc a poc,
15:14
bobbing like this, and she'd let them go.
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balancejant-se així, i els deixava anar.
15:16
This didn't work.
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No va funcionar.
15:18
I was laughing so hard and so emotional
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Jo reia tan i tan fort
15:20
that my mask was flooding, because I was crying underwater,
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que la màscara se m'omplia d'aigua, perquè estava plorant sota l'aigua,
15:22
just because it was so amazing.
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perquè tot allò era tan maravellós.
15:24
And so that didn't work.
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Així que tampoc funcionava.
15:26
So then she'd get another penguin and try this ballet-like sexy display
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Així que va agafar un altre pingüí i va fer com un ballet sexy
15:28
sliding down this iceberg like this. (Laughter)
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lliscant així sota l'iceberg.
15:31
And she would sort of bring them over to me and offer it to me.
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I els portava cap a mí i me'ls oferia.
15:33
This went on for four days.
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Això va continuar durant quatre dies.
15:35
This just didn't happen a couple of times.
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I no només va pasar un parell de vegades.
15:37
And then so she realized I couldn't catch live ones,
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En adonar-se'n que no podia atrapar-ne de vius,
15:39
so she brought me dead penguins.
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va portar-me pingüins morts.
15:41
(Laughter)
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(Rialles)
15:44
Now I've got four or five penguins floating around my head,
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Ara tenia quatre o cinc pingüins flotant al meu voltant,
15:48
and I'm just sitting there shooting away.
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i jo seguia fent fotografies.
15:52
And she would often stop and have this dejected look on her face
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I ella sovint parava i em mirava amb una mirada abatuda
15:54
like, "Are you for real?"
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com dient: "Ets de debó?"
15:56
Because she can't believe I can't eat this penguin.
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Perquè no es podia creure que no em menges els pingüins.
15:58
Because in her world, you're either breeding or you're eating --
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Perquè en el seu món, o t'estàs reproduint o estàs menjant;
16:00
and I'm not breeding, so ...
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i jo no m'estava reproduint.
16:02
(Laughter)
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(Rialles)
16:04
And then that wasn't enough; she started to flip penguins onto my head.
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Però no n'hi havia prou; va començar a tirar-me pingüins al cap.
16:07
She was trying to force-feed me. She's pushing me around.
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Estava intentant forçar-me a menjar. M'insistia.
16:09
She's trying to force-feed my camera,
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Intentava forçar-me a menjar la càmera,
16:11
which is every photographer's dream.
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que és el somni de qualsevol fotògraf.
16:14
And she would get frustrated; she'd blow bubbles in my face.
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I s'estava frustrant, em bufava bombelles a la cara.
16:17
She would, I think, let me know that I was going to starve.
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M'estava dient, crec, que em moriria de gana.
16:19
But yet she didn't stop.
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Però no va parar.
16:21
She would not stop trying to feed me penguins.
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No parava d'intentar alimentar-me amb pingüins.
16:23
And on the last day with this female
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En l'últim dia amb aquesta femella
16:25
where I thought I had pushed her too far,
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quan pensava que havia tibat massa la corda,
16:27
I got nervous because she came up to me,
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em vaig posar nerviós, perquè se'm va acostar,
16:30
she rolled over on her back,
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va girar-se d'esquena,
16:32
and she did this deep, guttural jackhammer sound, this gokgokgokgok.
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i va fer un soroll de martell profund i gutural, com un gokgokgokgok.
16:35
And I thought, she's about to bite.
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I pensava que estava apunt de mossegar-me.
16:37
She's about to let me know she's too frustrated with me.
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Estava a punt de fer-me saber que estava massa frustrada amb mí.
16:40
What had happened was another seal had snuck in behind me,
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El que pasava era que una altra foca s'havia posat darrera meu,
16:43
and she did that to threat display.
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i ella estava mostrant-se amenaçadora.
16:45
She chased that big seal away, went and got its penguin
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Va fer fugir la gran foca, la va seguir i li va pendre el seu pingüí
16:47
and brought it to me.
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i me'l va portar.
16:49
(Laughter)
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(Rialles)
16:52
That wasn't the only seal I got in the water with.
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No va ser l'única foca amb la que vaig nedar.
16:54
I got in the water with 30 other leopard seals,
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Vaig ficar-me a l'aigua amb 30 foques lleopard,
16:57
and I never once had a scary encounter.
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i mai vaig tenir una trobada que m'espantés.
17:00
They are the most remarkable animals I've ever worked with,
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Són els animals més notables amb els que he treballat mai,
17:02
and the same with polar bears.
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igual que els òssos polars.
17:04
And just like the polar bears,
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I igual que els òssos polars,
17:06
these animals depend on an icy environment.
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aquests animals depenen d'un medi gelat.
17:11
I get emotional. Sorry.
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M'emociono. Perdó.
17:14
It's a story that lives deep in my heart,
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És una història que tinc gravada al cor,
17:17
and I'm proud to share this with you.
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i estic orgullós de compartir-ho amb vosaltres.
17:19
And I'm so passionate about it.
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Això m'apasiona.
17:21
Anybody want to come with me to Antarctica or the Arctic, I'll take you; let's go.
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Si algú vol venir amb mí a l'Antàrtida o a l'Àrtic, us hi porto, anem.
17:24
We've got to get the story out now. Thank you very much.
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Ara hem de difondre la història. Moltes gràcies.
17:26
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
17:28
Thank you.
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Gràcies.
17:30
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
17:34
Thank you.
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Gràcies.
17:36
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
17:42
Thank you. Thanks very much.
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Gràcies. Moltes gràcies.
17:44
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
17:46
Thank you.
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Gràcies.
17:48
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Paul Nicklen - Polar photographerPaul Nicklen photographs the creatures of the Arctic and Antarctic, generating global awareness about wildlife in these isolated and endangered environments.
Why you should listen
Paul Nicklen grew up one of only a few non-Inuit in an Inuit settlement on Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada -- a childhood that taught him the patience, stamina and respect for nature required for his beat in the frigid climes of Earth’s polar regions. Best known for his vivid and intimate wildlife photos for National Geographic, Nicklen started out a biologist in the Northwest Territories, gathering data on such species as lynx, grizzlies, and polar bears. Today he bridges the gap between scientific research and the public, showing how fragile and fast-changing habitats are profoundly affecting wildlife.
During the course of his workday Nicklen regularly comes face-to-face with fantastic creatures: narwhals, Arctic foxes, elephant seals, and more. His most amazing experience? An underwater encounter with a leopard seal who for four days tried to feed him penguins through the "mouth" of his lens.
Paul Nicklen | Speaker | TED.com