TED2011
Paul Nicklen: Animal tales from icy wonderlands
保罗. 尼克伦：冰天雪地的童话世界
Filmed:
Readability: 3.3
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一头扎进南极冰川之下，与生猛的豹海豹亲密接触。摄影师保罗.尼克伦找到了一位特殊的新朋友。他用生动风趣的语言描绘了童话般极地世界中生活在冰川下动物的壮丽奇观。
Paul Nicklen - Polar photographer
Paul Nicklen photographs the creatures of the Arctic and Antarctic, generating global awareness about wildlife in these isolated and endangered environments. Full bio
Paul Nicklen photographs the creatures of the Arctic and Antarctic, generating global awareness about wildlife in these isolated and endangered environments. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
My journey to become a polar specialist,
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我成为极地专家
00:18
photographing, specializing in the polar regions,
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极地摄影师的旅程
00:21
began when I was four years old,
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始于我四岁那年
00:23
when my family moved from Southern Canada
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当时我一家人从加拿大南部
00:26
to Northern Baffin Island, up by Greenland.
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搬到了格陵兰岛以北的巴芬岛
00:29
There we lived with the Inuit
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我们与因纽特人生活在一起
00:31
in the tiny Inuit community of 200 Inuit people,
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在一个两百人的因纽特社区内
00:33
where [we] were one of three non-Inuit families.
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除了我们以外只有另外两个非因纽特家庭
00:36
And in this community, we didn't have a television;
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在这里，我们没有电视机
00:38
we didn't have computers, obviously, radio.
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没有电脑，当然，也没有收音机
00:41
We didn't even have a telephone.
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甚至连电话都没有
00:44
All of my time was spent outside
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我一天到晚都在户外
00:46
with the Inuit, playing.
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与因纽特人玩耍
00:48
The snow and the ice were my sandbox,
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冰和雪就是我的沙池
00:50
and the Inuit were my teachers.
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因纽特人就是我的老师
00:52
And that's where I became
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我就是这样
00:54
truly obsessed with this polar realm.
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深深地迷恋上了这片极地世界
00:56
And I knew someday that I was going to do something
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我知道总有一天
00:58
that had to do with trying to share news about it
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我将向世人分享这片土地的故事
01:00
and protect it.
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从而保护它
01:02
I'd like to share with you, for just two minutes only,
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我想跟大家分享我所拍摄的一些照片
01:04
some images, a cross-section of my work,
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长度为两分钟
01:06
to the beautiful music by Brandi Carlile, "Have You Ever."
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其中这段美妙的背景音乐是布兰蒂. 卡莱尔的“你是否曾经”
01:09
I don't know why National Geographic has done this, they've never done this before,
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我不知道国家地理杂志为什么会允许我这么做，只是史无前例的
01:12
but they're allowing me to show you a few images
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但是他们允许我展示我近期拍摄、
01:14
from a coverage that I've just completed that is not published yet.
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但尚未发表的一些图片
01:17
National Geographic doesn't do this,
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国家地理杂志从来不破例
01:19
so I'm very excited to be able to share this with you.
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所以，能和大家分享这些照片，我心情异常激动
01:21
And what these images are --
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这些照片展现的是－－
01:23
you'll see them at the start of the slide show -- there's only about four images --
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你们可以看到，幻灯片从头到尾－－大致有四个场面－－
01:26
but it's of a little bear that lives in the Great Bear Rainforest.
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上面有生活在大熊雨林的一只小熊
01:29
It's pure white, but it's not a polar bear.
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它的皮毛虽是纯白色的，但它不是北极熊
01:32
It's a spirit bear, or a Kermode bear.
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而是一只百灵熊，或者叫克莫德熊
01:34
There are only 200 of these bears left.
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这种熊现仅存200只
01:36
They're more rare than the panda bear.
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它们甚至比大熊猫还珍稀
01:39
I sat there on the river for two months without seeing one.
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我在这条河边整整蹲了两个月都没有看见一只
01:42
I thought, my career's over.
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我心想，我的饭碗就此砸了
01:44
I proposed this stupid story to National Geographic.
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我向国家地理杂志提出了这个愚蠢的建议
01:46
What in the heck was I thinking?
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我当时是不是脑子进水了？
01:48
So I had two months to sit there
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于是在那里蹲点的两个月里
01:50
and figure out different ways of what I was going to do in my next life,
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我一直在琢磨我的下半生该如何度过
01:52
after I was a photographer, because they were going to fire me.
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我不能再当摄影师了，他们肯定会炒了我
01:54
Because National Geographic is a magazine; they remind us all the time:
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国家地理是一本杂志；他们时刻提醒我们
01:57
they publish pictures, not excuses.
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他们刊登的是图片，不是借口
01:59
(Laughter)
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（众人笑）
02:04
And after two months of sitting there --
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经过两个月漫长的蹲点－－
02:06
one day, thinking that it was all over,
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就在我以为希望完全破灭的时候
02:08
this incredible big white male came down,
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终于有一天，一只白色的公熊出现了
02:10
right beside me, three feet away from me,
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它就在我近旁，离我只有三英尺远
02:12
and he went down and grabbed a fish and went off in the forest and ate it.
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它走过来，抄起一条鱼，接着跑回林子里把鱼吃了
02:15
And then I spent the entire day living my childhood dream
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于是，我终于圆了儿时的梦想
02:18
of walking around with this bear through the forest.
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这一整天都在林子里围着这只熊转
02:21
He went through this old-growth forest
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它穿过这个古老的树林
02:23
and sat up beside this 400-year-old culturally modified tree and went to sleep.
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坐在这棵四百年的古树边，安然睡去
02:26
And I actually got to sleep within three feet of him,
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而我就睡在距离它三英尺的地方
02:29
just in the forest, and photograph him.
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就在这个树林里，给它照相
02:32
So I'm very excited to be able to show you those images
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我非常激动能与大家分享这些图片
02:35
and a cross-section of my work that I've done on the polar regions.
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这是我为极地拍摄的系列照片中的一部分
02:37
Please enjoy.
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敬请欣赏
02:40
(Music)
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（音乐响起）
02:44
Brandi Carlile: ♫ Have you ever wandered lonely through the woods? ♫
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布兰蒂. 卡莱尔：♫你是否曾经在树林里独自漫步♫
02:50
♫ And everything there feels just as it should ♫
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♫感觉一切都如此自然♫
02:55
♫ You're part of the life there ♫
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♫你与自然合而为一♫
02:57
♫ You're part of something good ♫
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♫与幸福融为一体♫
03:00
♫ If you've ever wandered lonely through the woods ♫
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♫如果你曾经在树林里独自漫步♫
03:06
♫ Ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh ♫
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♫噢，噢，噢♫
03:11
♫ If you've ever wandered lonely through the woods ♫
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♫如果你曾经在树林里独自漫步♫
03:16
♫ Have you ever stared into a starry sky? ♫
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♫你是否曾经仰望星空？♫
03:21
♫ Lying on your back, you're asking why ♫
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♫静静躺着，扪心自问♫
03:26
♫ What's the purpose? ♫
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♫这是为什么？♫
03:28
♫ I wonder, who am I? ♫
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♫我好奇，我是谁？♫
03:31
♫ If you've ever stared into a starry sky ♫
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♫如果你曾经仰望星空♫
03:37
♫ Ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh ♫
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♫噢，噢，噢♫
03:43
♫ Aah, ah, aah ♫
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♫啊，啊，啊♫
03:48
♫ Ah, oh, oh, ah, ah, oh, oh ♫
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♫啊，噢，噢，啊，啊，噢，噢♫
03:55
♫ Have you ever stared into a starry sky? ♫
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♫你是否曾经仰望星空？♫
04:05
♫ Have you ever been out walking in the snow? ♫
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♫你是否曾经在雪中漫步？♫
04:10
♫ Tried to get back where you were before ♫
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♫试图回到过去♫
04:15
♫ You always end up ♫
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♫你结果总是♫
04:17
♫ Not knowing where to go ♫
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♫不知何去何从♫
04:23
♫ If you've ever been out walking in the snow ♫
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♫如果你曾经在雪中漫步♫
04:28
♫ Ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh ♫
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♫噢，噢，噢，噢♫
04:34
♫ Aah, ah, aah, ah, aah ♫
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♫啊，啊，啊，啊，啊♫
04:38
♫ Ah, ah, oh, ah, ah, oh, ah ♫
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♫啊，啊，噢，啊，啊，噢，啊♫
04:46
♫ Oh, ah, ah, ah ♫
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♫噢，啊，啊，啊♫
04:49
♫ Ah, ah, oh, ah, ah, oh, oh ♫
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♫啊，啊，噢，啊，啊，噢，噢♫
04:57
♫ If you'd ever been out walking you would know ♫
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♫如果你曾经出去走过，你就会明白♫
05:04
(Applause)
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（众人鼓掌）
05:08
Paul Nicklen: Thank you very much. The show's not over.
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保罗. 尼克伦：非常感谢。节目还没结束
05:11
My clock is ticking. Okay, let's stop.
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时间宝贵。好，就看到这里
05:13
Thank you very much. I appreciate it.
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非常感谢大家
05:15
We're inundated with news all the time
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关于冰川逐渐消失的新闻
05:18
that the sea ice is disappearing
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总是不绝于耳
05:20
and it's at its lowest level.
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而现存的冰川已经岌岌可危
05:22
And in fact, scientists were originally saying
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实际上，科学家们原本预测
05:24
sea ice is going to disappear in the next hundred years, then they said 50 years.
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冰川将在未来的100年内消失殆尽，后来他们又说是50年
05:27
Now they're saying the sea ice in the Arctic,
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而现在，他们认为极地冰川的寿命
05:30
the summertime extent is going to be gone in the next four to 10 years.
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只剩下4到10年了
05:33
And what does that mean?
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这意味着什么？
05:35
After a while of reading this in the news, it just becomes news.
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如果你只把这看做是新闻，那它永远只能是新闻了
05:38
You glaze over with it.
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你看过了就忘了
05:40
And what I'm trying to do with my work is put faces to this.
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而我的工作就是力求引起人们的关注
05:42
And I want people to understand and get the concept
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我希望人们理解并明白其中的涵义
05:45
that, if we lose ice,
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如果冰川消失了
05:47
we stand to lose an entire ecosystem.
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我们的整个生态系统中就会一步步恶化
05:49
Projections are that we could lose polar bears; they could become extinct
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我们可能再也见不到北极熊
05:52
in the next 50 to 100 years.
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它们会在未来的50至100年后灭绝
05:54
And there's no better, sexier,
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还有什么比这种美妙绝伦的巨型动物
05:56
more beautiful, charismatic megafauna species
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更性感，更值得我
05:59
for me to hang my campaign on.
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为保护它而奔走的呢
06:02
Polar bears are amazing hunters.
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北极熊是功夫精湛的猎手
06:04
This was a bear I sat with for a while on the shores.
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有一段时间，我在海岸边跟踪这只熊
06:06
There was no ice around.
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这里附近没有冰
06:08
But this glacier caved into the water and a seal got on it.
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一座冰川崩塌后，一只海豹爬了上来
06:10
And this bear swam out to that seal --
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这只熊便奋力游向那只海豹－－
06:12
800 lb. bearded seal --
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那是只800磅重的海豹－－
06:14
grabbed it, swam back and ate it.
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它把海豹擒住，游回原地，大快朵颐
06:17
And he was so full, he was so happy and so fat eating this seal,
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它饱餐了一顿，非常开心，吃得肚子鼓鼓的
06:20
that, as I approached him --
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当我慢慢靠近它－－
06:22
about 20 feet away -- to get this picture,
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大约20英尺左右－－给它拍照
06:24
his only defense was to keep eating more seal.
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它也顾不上理会我，而接着吃那海豹
06:26
And as he ate, he was so full --
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它吃啊吃，吃得那么饱－－
06:28
he probably had about 200 lbs of meat in his belly --
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它大约把200磅肉吃下肚里
06:31
and as he ate inside one side of his mouth,
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它嘴里一边嚼着把肉咽下去
06:33
he was regurgitating out the other side of his mouth.
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一边把食物反刍到嘴的另一侧
06:36
So as long as these bears have any bit of ice they will survive,
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只要还有一点冰存在，北极熊就能生存下来
06:39
but it's the ice that's disappearing.
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但是现在，冰不停地融化
06:42
We're finding more and more dead bears in the Arctic.
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我们在北极看到越来越多死去的北极熊
06:45
When I worked on polar bears as a biologist 20 years ago,
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20年前，我作为生物学家研究北极熊的时候
06:47
we never found dead bears.
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我们从来没有发现死熊
06:49
And in the last four or five years,
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而在过去的四五年里
06:51
we're finding dead bears popping up all over the place.
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熊的尸体随处可见
06:53
We're seeing them in the Beaufort Sea,
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我们看到它们在波弗特海上
06:55
floating in the open ocean where the ice has melted out.
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无助地漂流，这里的冰全部融化了
06:57
I found a couple in Norway last year. We're seeing them on the ice.
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我去年在挪威见过几只死熊。冰上也有它们的尸体
07:00
These bears are already showing signs
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这些死去的北极熊反映了
07:02
of the stress of disappearing ice.
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冰川融化的严重后果
07:05
Here's a mother and her two year-old cub
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这是一只母熊和她的两岁大的幼仔
07:08
were traveling on a ship a hundred miles offshore in the middle of nowhere,
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它们就坐在一只孤舟上，漂泊在茫茫无际的海上
07:11
and they're riding on this big piece of glacier ice,
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它们乘着这一大块冰
07:13
which is great for them; they're safe at this point.
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它们已经很幸运了；至少它们暂时是安全的
07:15
They're not going to die of hypothermia.
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它们至少还不会被冻死
07:17
They're going to get to land.
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它们还有可能去到陆地
07:19
But unfortunately, 95 percent of the glaciers in the Arctic
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然而不幸的是，95%的极地冰川
07:21
are also receding right now
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都在消融
07:23
to the point that the ice is ending up on land
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陆地逐渐显露出来
07:25
and not injecting any ice back into the ecosystem.
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而这里的生态系统将不再有新的冰产生
07:29
These ringed seals, these are the "fatsicles" of the Arctic.
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这些是环斑海豹，它们是极地的‘胖墩儿"
07:31
These little, fat dumplings,
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这些体重可达150磅的
07:33
150-pound bundles of blubber
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小胖子们
07:36
are the mainstay of the polar bear.
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是北极熊的主要食物来源
07:38
And they're not like the harbor seals that you have here.
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它们跟这里海岸上的海豹不同
07:41
These ringed seals also live out their entire life cycle
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冰川也是这些环斑海豹
07:44
associated and connected to sea ice.
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赖以生存的栖息地
07:47
They give birth inside the ice,
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它们在冰川里繁殖
07:49
and they feed on the Arctic cod that live under the ice.
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以冰层下的极地鳕鱼为食
07:52
And here's a picture of sick ice.
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这是严重消融后的冰川
07:54
This is a piece of multi-year ice that's 12 years old.
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这片冰川已经存在了12年
07:57
And what scientists didn't predict is that, as this ice melts,
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而令科学家没有预料到的是，当这些冰融化时
08:00
these big pockets of black water are forming
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这些黑色的水域就形成了
08:03
and they're grabbing the sun's energy
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这使得更多阳光被吸收
08:05
and accelerating the melting process.
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加速了冰川的消融
08:07
And here we are diving in the Beaufort Sea.
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我们潜入了波弗特海
08:09
The visibility's 600 ft.; we're on our safety lines;
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这里的能见度为600英尺；我们都系上了安全绳索
08:12
the ice is moving all over the place.
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四处都是浮冰
08:14
I wish I could spend half an hour telling you
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我很乐意花半个小时跟你们讲
08:16
about how we almost died on this dive.
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在这次潜水时，我们怎么差点把命给丢了
08:18
But what's important in this picture is that you have a piece of multi-year ice,
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重要的是，这张图片中的一块常年冰
08:21
that big chunk of ice up in the corner.
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也就是角落的那一大块冰
08:23
In that one single piece of ice,
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在这一块冰下
08:25
you have 300 species of microorganisms.
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生存这300多种微生物
08:27
And in the spring, when the sun returns to the ice,
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到了春天，当阳光照在上面
08:30
it forms the phytoplankton, grows under that ice,
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浮游植物就在冰层下产生了
08:32
and then you get bigger sheets of seaweed,
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接着产生更茂密的海草
08:35
and then you get the zoo plankton feeding on all that life.
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最后，一大批浮游生物所需的食物就有着落了
08:37
So really what the ice does
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那块冰的实际作用
08:39
is it acts like a garden.
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就像一座花园
08:41
It acts like the soil in a garden. It's an inverted garden.
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就像花园里的土壤。这是个倒立着的花园
08:44
Losing that ice is like losing the soil in a garden.
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如果这块冰消失了，那么花园的土壤也就消失了
08:46
Here's me in my office.
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这是我的办公室
08:48
I hope you appreciate yours.
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希望你能好好珍稀你的办公室
08:50
This is after an hour under the ice.
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我在冰层下待了一个小时
08:53
I can't feel my lips; my face is frozen;
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我的嘴唇已经失去了知觉；我的脸被冻僵了
08:55
I can't feel my hands; I can't feel my feet.
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我的手脚也没有了知觉
08:57
And I've come up, and all I wanted to do was get out of the water.
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我浮出水面后，只想着赶快上岸
09:00
After an hour in these conditions,
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在这样的条件下在水里待上一个小时
09:02
it's so extreme that, when I go down,
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实在是太艰难了，每次下潜
09:04
almost every dive I vomit into my regulator
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我几乎每次都对着调节器吐出来
09:06
because my body can't deal with the stress of the cold on my head.
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我的身体无法承受头部所受到的冰冻
09:09
And so I'm just so happy that the dive is over.
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水下拍摄就快结束了，我非常高兴
09:11
I get to hand my camera to my assistant,
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我把照相机递给我的助手
09:13
and I'm looking up at him, and I'm going, "Woo. Woo. Woo."
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我抬头看着他，说：“哦，哦，哦。”
09:16
Which means, "Take my camera."
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意思是：“帮我拿着照相机。”
09:18
And he thinks I'm saying, "Take my picture."
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他以为我在说：“帮我照张相。”
09:20
So we had this little communication breakdown.
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我们当时的沟通出现了一些短路
09:23
(Laughter)
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（众人笑）
09:26
But it's worth it.
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这是值得的
09:28
I'm going to show you pictures of beluga whales, bowhead whales,
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我接下来会给你们展示白鲸，露脊鲸
09:30
and narwhals, and polar bears, and leopard seals today,
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独角鲸，北极熊，和豹海豹的图片
09:33
but this picture right here means more to me than any other I've ever made.
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而这张照片在我所拍摄的所有照片中，意义最为重大
09:36
I dropped down in this ice hole, just through that hole that you just saw,
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我从这个冰窟窿里扎进去，透过这个窟窿
09:39
and I looked up under the underside of the ice,
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我抬头看冰的底层
09:41
and I was dizzy; I thought I had vertigo.
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我感觉眼冒金星；头昏目眩
09:43
I got very nervous -- no rope, no safety line,
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我紧张极了－－没有系绳子，没有安全绳索
09:45
the whole world is moving around me --
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头顶上天旋地转
09:47
and I thought, "I'm in trouble."
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我想：“糟了。”
09:49
But what happened is that the entire underside
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而实际上，这一整块冰的底层
09:51
was full of these billions of amphipods and copepods
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亿万只片脚类和桡足类生物
09:54
moving around and feeding on the underside of the ice,
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正在冰下觅食
09:57
giving birth and living out their entire life cycle.
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繁殖，在这里度过整个生命周期
09:59
This is the foundation of the whole food chain in the Arctic, right here.
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极地生态系统整个食物链的基础就在这里
10:02
And when you have low productivity in this, in ice,
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如果冰层之下的生命不够旺盛
10:05
the productivity in copepods go down.
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那么桡足类生物的数量就会减少
10:08
This is a bowhead whale.
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这是一只露脊鲸
10:10
Supposedly, science is stating
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科学家认为
10:12
that it could be the oldest living animal on earth right now.
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它可能是目前地球上最古老的生物
10:15
This very whale right here could be over 250 years old.
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这只鲸鱼可能已经超过了250岁
10:18
This whale could have been born
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它可能是在
10:20
around the start of the Industrial Revolution.
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工业革命初期降生
10:22
It could have survived 150 years of whaling.
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它逃过了长达150年的捕鲸期
10:25
And now its biggest threat is the disappearance of ice in the North
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然而现在危及其存亡的最大威胁却是北极冰川的消融
10:28
because of the lives that we're leading in the South.
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正是远在南方的我们造成了这一局面
10:31
Narwhals, these majestic narwhals
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独角鲸，这些奇妙的独角鲸
10:33
with their eight-foot long ivory tusks, don't have to be here;
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长着长达8英尺的长牙，它们本不应挤在这里
10:36
they could be out on the open water.
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它们原本可以畅游在开阔的水域里
10:38
But they're forcing themselves to come up in these tiny little ice holes
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而它们却在这些窄小的冰窟窿下
10:41
where they can breathe, catch a breath,
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透一口气
10:43
because right under that ice are all the swarms of cod.
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这是因为只有在这些冰的下层才能找到大群鳕鱼
10:46
And the cod are there
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鳕鱼会聚集在这里
10:48
because they are feeding on all the copepods and amphipods.
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也是因为它们以这里的桡足类和片脚类生物为食
10:51
Alright, my favorite part.
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好了，这是我最喜爱的部分
10:54
When I'm on my deathbed,
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在我生命垂危的时刻
10:56
I'm going to remember one story more than any other.
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我一定会回想起这样一个经历
10:58
Even though that spirit bear moment was powerful,
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尽管与百灵熊相遇的经历经常异常
11:01
I don't think I'll ever have another experience
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但与豹海豹之间的邂逅
11:03
like I did with these leopard seals.
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更让我刻骨铭心
11:05
Leopard seals, since the time of Shackleton, have had a bad reputation.
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海豹自沙克尔顿时代就得到了一个坏名声
11:08
They've got that wryly smile on their mouth.
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它们总一副皮笑肉不笑的嘴脸
11:10
They've got those black sinister eyes
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它们目光凶恶
11:12
and those spots on their body.
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身披豹纹
11:14
They look positively prehistoric and a bit scary.
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看上去很沧桑，还有些吓人
11:17
And tragically in [2003],
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2004年发生了一件惨剧
11:19
a scientist was taken down and drowned,
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一位科学家跌入海中并溺水身亡
11:22
and she was being consumed by a leopard seal.
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她被一只豹海豹吃了
11:24
And people were like, "We knew they were vicious. We knew they were."
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而人们以为：“我们早就知道它们坏得很。我们早就知道了。”
11:27
And so people love to form their opinions.
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人就是喜欢妄加评论
11:29
And that's when I got a story idea:
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于是我有了一个想法：
11:31
I want to go to Antarctica,
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我想去到南极
11:33
get in the water with as many leopard seals as I possibly can
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潜入许多豹海豹游弋的水中
11:35
and give them a fair shake --
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给它们讨个公道－－
11:37
find out if they really are these vicious animals, or if they're misunderstood.
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看它们究竟是真的那么邪恶，还是被人误解了
11:40
So this is that story.
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这就是我的想法
11:42
Oh, and they also happen to eat happy feet.
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对了，它们还很喜欢吃 快乐的大脚
11:45
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
11:48
As a species, as humans, we like to say penguins are really cute,
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作为一个物种，作为人类，我们决定企鹅非常可爱
11:51
therefore, leopard seals eat them, so leopard seals are ugly and bad.
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那么，豹海豹吃企鹅，所以海豹是丑恶的
11:54
It doesn't work that way.
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其实不然
11:56
The penguin doesn't know it's cute,
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企鹅可不知道它是可爱的
11:58
and the leopard seal doesn't know it's kind of big and monstrous.
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正如豹海豹也不知道它是穷凶极恶
12:00
This is just the food chain unfolding.
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这就是食物链
12:03
They're also big.
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它们体型庞大
12:05
They're not these little harbor seals.
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它们可不像这些身材娇小的海岸海豹
12:07
They are 12 ft. long, a thousand pounds.
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它们长达12英尺，体重1000磅
12:09
And they're also curiously aggressive.
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它们还很好斗
12:12
You get 12 tourists packed into a Zodiac,
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一只12人乘坐的橡皮艇
12:15
floating in these icy waters,
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漂浮在冰川上
12:17
and a leopard seal comes up and bites the pontoon.
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一只豹海豹游过来把艇底咬了一口
12:19
The boat starts to sink, they race back to the ship
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橡皮艇开始下沉，他们赶紧回到船上
12:22
and get to go home and tell the stories of how they got attacked.
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回到家后便到处散布他们遭到豹海豹袭击的故事
12:24
All the leopard seal was doing --
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而那只豹海豹其实－－
12:26
it's just biting a balloon.
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只是在咬一个气球
12:28
It just sees this big balloon in the ocean -- it doesn't have hands --
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它只是海上看到了一个漂浮的气球－－它没有手－－
12:30
it's going to take a little bite, the boat pops, and off they go.
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于是就过去咬了一小口，橡皮艇爆了，它的好奇心也达到了
12:33
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
12:35
So after five days of crossing the Drake Passage --
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经过五天时间，我们横跨了德雷克海峡－－
12:38
isn't that beautiful.
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这不是很美丽的场景吗
12:41
After five days of crossing the Drake Passage,
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横跨德雷克海峡后
12:44
we have finally arrived at Antarctica.
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我们终于来到了南极洲
12:46
I'm with my Swedish assistant and guide.
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与我同行的是我的瑞典助手兼向导
12:48
His name is Goran Ehlme from Sweden -- Goran.
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他的名字是格朗. 艾尔姆
12:52
And he has a lot of experience with leopard seals. I have never seen one.
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他与豹海豹打过许多次交到，经验十足。而我还从没见过豹海豹
12:55
So we come around the cove in our little Zodiac boat,
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我们乘着橡皮艇穿过小海湾
12:58
and there's this monstrous leopard seal.
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遇到了这只巨型豹海豹
13:00
And even in his voice, he goes, "That's a bloody big seal, ya."
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我的助手都一惊，说到：“这家伙个头真大啊。”
13:02
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
13:04
And this seal is taking this penguin by the head,
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这只海豹还叼着一只企鹅
13:07
and it's flipping it back and forth.
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咬着它甩来甩去
13:09
And what it's trying to do is turn that penguin inside-out,
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它这是在努力想把企鹅的肚子撕开
13:11
so it can eat the meat off the bones,
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好把骨头剥下来，吃里面的肉
13:14
and then it goes off and gets another one.
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紧接着，它又钻入水中，逮住了另一只企鹅
13:16
And so this leopard seal grabbed another penguin,
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于是，这只豹海豹逮着另一只企鹅
13:18
came under the boat, the Zodiac,
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潜到橡皮艇底部
13:20
starting hitting the hull of the boat.
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开始对着艇撞击
13:22
And we're trying to not fall in the water.
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我们努力不让船翻到水里
13:24
And we sit down, and that's when Goran said to me,
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我们坐稳后，格朗对我说：
13:27
"This is a good seal, ya.
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“这是只好家伙，
13:29
It's time for you to get in the water."
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你该下去玩玩水了。”
13:31
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
13:34
And I looked at Goran, and I said to him, "Forget that."
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我看了看格朗，对他说：“去你的。”
13:37
But I think I probably used a different word starting with the letter F.
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其实我当时多说了一个“妈”字
13:41
But he was right.
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但是他是对的
13:43
He scolded me out, and said, "This is why we're here.
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他反驳说：“我们不就是为这而来的吗？
13:45
And you purposed this stupid story to National Geographic.
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这个愚蠢建议还不是你向国家地理杂志提出的。
13:47
And now you've got to deliver.
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现在就是你付出实践的时候
13:49
And you can't publish excuses."
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你可不能临阵脱逃啊。”
13:51
So I had such dry mouth --
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我当时口干舌燥－－
13:53
probably not as bad as now --
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虽然还没有干到今天这个程度－－
13:55
but I had such, such dry mouth.
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但是，我的口真的非常干
13:59
And my legs were just trembling. I couldn't feel my legs.
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我两腿打颤，没有了知觉
14:02
I put my flippers on. I could barely part my lips.
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我穿上脚蹼，咬紧牙关
14:04
I put my snorkel in my mouth,
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戴上呼吸管
14:06
and I rolled over the side of the Zodiac into the water.
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从橡皮艇上翻入水中
14:09
And this was the first thing she did.
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这是它做出的第一反应
14:11
She came racing up to me, engulfed my whole camera --
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它冲过来，一口咬住我的镜头－－
14:14
and her teeth are up here and down here --
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它的牙齿从这么高到低下这里－－
14:17
but Goran, before I had gotten in the water, had given me amazing advice.
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而格朗，在我下水前，教了我一句脱险妙招
14:20
He said, "If you get scared, you close your eyes, ya, and she'll go away."
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他说：“如果你害怕，就把眼睛闭上，它会自动游开。”
14:24
(Laughter)
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（众人笑）
14:27
So that's all I had to work with at that point.
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在那关头，我也只能这么做了
14:29
But I just started to shoot these pictures.
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我于是开始拍照
14:31
So she did this threat display for a few minutes,
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它的威吓动作持续了几分钟
14:33
and then the most amazing thing happened -- she totally relaxed.
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接着最奇妙的事情发生了－－它完全放下了戒备
14:36
She went off, she got a penguin.
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它游开了，捉了一只企鹅
14:38
She stopped about 10 feet away from me,
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在我面前10英尺的地方停下来
14:40
and she sat there with this penguin, the penguin's flapping, and she let's it go.
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叼着这只企鹅，端坐着，企鹅拍打翅膀，它放走了企鹅
14:43
The penguin swims toward me, takes off.
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企鹅朝我游过来，游走了
14:46
She grabs another one. She does this over and over.
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它又捉了另一只企鹅。它一次又一次重复这些举动
14:48
And it dawned on me that she's trying to feed me a penguin.
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我突然之间明白过来：原来它是在抓企鹅来喂我
14:50
Why else would she release these penguins at me?
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要不它为什么要在我面前把企鹅放走
14:54
And after she did this four or five times,
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它反复做了四五次
14:57
she swam by me with this dejected look on her face.
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它游到我面前，失望地看着我
15:00
You don't want to be too anthropomorphic, but I swear that she looked at me
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我不想夸大其词，但是，我发誓它看我的眼神
15:03
like, "This useless predator's going to starve in my ocean."
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仿佛在说：“这个没用的捕食者就要在我的海域里饿死了。”
15:05
(Laughter)
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（众人笑）
15:10
So realizing I couldn't catch swimming penguins,
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看出来我无法捉住游动的企鹅
15:12
she'd get these other penguins and bring them slowly towards me,
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它就叼着几只企鹅，慢慢地游向我
15:14
bobbing like this, and she'd let them go.
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摆动几下，再松开口
15:16
This didn't work.
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这还是不管用
15:18
I was laughing so hard and so emotional
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我忍不住大笑，心情激动不已
15:20
that my mask was flooding, because I was crying underwater,
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我的面罩里波澜汹涌，我在水下不禁泪流
15:22
just because it was so amazing.
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这实在是太美妙了
15:24
And so that didn't work.
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这也不管用
15:26
So then she'd get another penguin and try this ballet-like sexy display
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于是，它又捉了一只企鹅，尝试着芭蕾般性感的展示
15:28
sliding down this iceberg like this. (Laughter)
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蹭着冰山优雅地划下来
15:31
And she would sort of bring them over to me and offer it to me.
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它想要把企鹅送过来喂给我
15:33
This went on for four days.
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连续四天，天天如此
15:35
This just didn't happen a couple of times.
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这样的情况不止一次地发生
15:37
And then so she realized I couldn't catch live ones,
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它意识到我无法逮住活企鹅
15:39
so she brought me dead penguins.
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于是，它把企鹅咬死送过来
15:41
(Laughter)
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（众人笑）
15:44
Now I've got four or five penguins floating around my head,
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现在，四五只企鹅围着我的脑袋打转
15:48
and I'm just sitting there shooting away.
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我只是停在原地拍照
15:52
And she would often stop and have this dejected look on her face
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它还是会停下来，失望地看看我
15:54
like, "Are you for real?"
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仿佛在说：“你真的不吃？”
15:56
Because she can't believe I can't eat this penguin.
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它不敢相信我居然不吃这只企鹅
15:58
Because in her world, you're either breeding or you're eating --
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在它的世界里，你要么交配，要么捕食－－
16:00
and I'm not breeding, so ...
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既然我并没在交配......
16:02
(Laughter)
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（众人笑）
16:04
And then that wasn't enough; she started to flip penguins onto my head.
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这还没完；它开始把企鹅翻过来放在我头上
16:07
She was trying to force-feed me. She's pushing me around.
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它想强行喂我吃。它逼着我退了几步
16:09
She's trying to force-feed my camera,
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它想强行喂我的镜头
16:11
which is every photographer's dream.
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这是任何一个摄影师梦寐以求的
16:14
And she would get frustrated; she'd blow bubbles in my face.
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它变得不耐烦了，对着我的脸吹泡泡
16:17
She would, I think, let me know that I was going to starve.
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我想，它想让我知道我这样下去会饿死的
16:19
But yet she didn't stop.
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但是，它不达目的不罢休
16:21
She would not stop trying to feed me penguins.
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它还是不停地给我喂企鹅
16:23
And on the last day with this female
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在与这只雌性海豹相处的最后一天
16:25
where I thought I had pushed her too far,
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我以为我把它逼急了
16:27
I got nervous because she came up to me,
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我非常紧张，它向我游了过来
16:30
she rolled over on her back,
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背朝下
16:32
and she did this deep, guttural jackhammer sound, this gokgokgokgok.
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发出低沉的，手提钻般的喉音，嘎巴嘎巴嘎巴
16:35
And I thought, she's about to bite.
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我以为它准备咬我一口
16:37
She's about to let me know she's too frustrated with me.
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以此警告我，我把它惹毛了
16:40
What had happened was another seal had snuck in behind me,
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而实际上，当时另一只海豹正躲在我身后蠢蠢欲动
16:43
and she did that to threat display.
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它这么做是为了把那只海豹吓跑
16:45
She chased that big seal away, went and got its penguin
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它把那只大海豹赶走，抢了它的企鹅
16:47
and brought it to me.
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送到我面前
16:49
(Laughter)
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（众人笑）
16:52
That wasn't the only seal I got in the water with.
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它并不是我水下遇到的唯一一只海豹
16:54
I got in the water with 30 other leopard seals,
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我在水中还遇到了其它30多只海豹
16:57
and I never once had a scary encounter.
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我从来没有受到任何威胁
17:00
They are the most remarkable animals I've ever worked with,
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它们是我所拍摄的最不可思议的动物
17:02
and the same with polar bears.
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北极熊也是
17:04
And just like the polar bears,
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就像北极熊一样
17:06
these animals depend on an icy environment.
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这些动物依赖着冰川才能生存
17:11
I get emotional. Sorry.
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对不起，我有些情不自禁
17:14
It's a story that lives deep in my heart,
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这个经历深深震撼了我的心
17:17
and I'm proud to share this with you.
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我为能在此与大家分享这个故事而自豪
17:19
And I'm so passionate about it.
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我乐此不疲
17:21
Anybody want to come with me to Antarctica or the Arctic, I'll take you; let's go.
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如果有人想到南极或北极去看看，我会带你去，我们走吧
17:24
We've got to get the story out now. Thank you very much.
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我们必须让这个故事延续下去。非常感谢大家
17:26
(Applause)
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（众人鼓掌）
17:28
Thank you.
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谢谢你们
17:30
(Applause)
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（掌声持续）
17:34
Thank you.
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谢谢你们
17:36
(Applause)
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（掌声持续）
17:42
Thank you. Thanks very much.
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谢谢你们，非常感谢
17:44
(Applause)
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（掌声持续）
17:46
Thank you.
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感谢大家
17:48
(Applause)
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（掌声持续）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Paul Nicklen - Polar photographerPaul Nicklen photographs the creatures of the Arctic and Antarctic, generating global awareness about wildlife in these isolated and endangered environments.
Why you should listen
Paul Nicklen grew up one of only a few non-Inuit in an Inuit settlement on Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada -- a childhood that taught him the patience, stamina and respect for nature required for his beat in the frigid climes of Earth’s polar regions. Best known for his vivid and intimate wildlife photos for National Geographic, Nicklen started out a biologist in the Northwest Territories, gathering data on such species as lynx, grizzlies, and polar bears. Today he bridges the gap between scientific research and the public, showing how fragile and fast-changing habitats are profoundly affecting wildlife.
During the course of his workday Nicklen regularly comes face-to-face with fantastic creatures: narwhals, Arctic foxes, elephant seals, and more. His most amazing experience? An underwater encounter with a leopard seal who for four days tried to feed him penguins through the "mouth" of his lens.
Paul Nicklen | Speaker | TED.com