TED2013
Dong Woo Jang: The art of bow-making
Dong Woo Jang: L'art de construir arcs
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Dong Woo Jang té un hobby inusual després de l'escola. Jang, que tenia 15 anys quan va fer la xerrada, explica la història de com, viure a la jungla de Seúl, el va inspirar a construir l'arc perfecte. Mira la demo d'un dels seus preciosos arcs fets a mà.
Dong Woo Jang - Bow designer
Dong Woo Jang turns an unusual stick of bamboo into an archer’s bow, an exploration of his cultural heritage and a metaphor for his perfect world. Full bio
Dong Woo Jang turns an unusual stick of bamboo into an archer’s bow, an exploration of his cultural heritage and a metaphor for his perfect world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
It is said that the grass is always greener
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Es diu que la gespa sempre és més verda
00:16
on the other side of the fence,
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a l'altra banda de la tanca,
00:19
and I believe this is true,
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i crec que és veritat,
00:22
especially when I hear President Obama
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sobretot quan sento al president Obama
00:25
often talk about the Korean education system
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parlant sovint sobre el sistema d'educació coreà
00:27
as a benchmark of success.
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com una marca d'èxit.
00:31
Well, I can tell you that,
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Bé, us puc dir que,
00:33
in the rigid structure and highly competitive nature
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en l'estructura rígida i la naturalesa altament competitiva
00:37
of the Korean school system,
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del sistema escolar coreà,
00:39
also known as pressure cooker,
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també conegut com a cuina a pressió,
00:41
not everyone can do well in that environment.
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no a tothom li senta bé aquest ambient.
00:47
While many people responded in different ways
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Mentre molta gent ha respost de diferents maneres
00:50
about our education system,
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sobre el nostre sistema d'educació,
00:53
my response to the high-pressure environment
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la meva resposta a l'ambient d'alta pressió
00:56
was making bows with pieces of wood
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va ser fer arcs amb trossos de fusta
00:59
found near my apartment building.
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que trobava prop del meu apartament.
01:02
Why bows?
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Per què arcs?
01:04
I'm not quite sure.
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No n'estic del tot segur.
01:07
Perhaps, in the face of constant pressure,
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Potser, de cara a la pressió constant,
01:11
my caveman instinct of survival
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el meu instint de supervivència d'home de les cavernes
01:13
has connected with the bows.
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està connectat amb els arcs.
01:18
If you think about it,
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Si hi penseu,
01:19
the bow has really helped drive human survival
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l'arc ha ajudat molt a conduir la supervivència humana
01:23
since prehistoric times.
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des de temps prehistòrics.
01:25
The area within three kilometers of my home
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L'àrea de tres kilòmetres el voltant de casa meva
01:29
used to be a mulberry forest
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solia ser un bosc de moreres
01:31
during the Joseon dynasty,
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durant la dinastia de Joseon,
01:33
where silkworms were fed with mulberry leaves.
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quan els cucs de seda s'alimentaven de fulles de morera.
01:38
In order to raise the historical awareness of this fact,
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Per augmentar la consciència històrica d'aquest fet,
01:42
the government has planted mulberry trees.
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el govern ha plantat moreres.
01:47
The seeds from these trees
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Les llavors d'aquests arbres
01:48
also have spread by birds here and there
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també s'han estès per ocells aquí i allà
01:51
nearby the soundproof walls of the city expressway
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prop de les parets a prova de so de l'autopista de la ciutat
01:55
that has been built around the 1988 Olympics.
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que es va construir prop de les Olimpíades del 1988.
01:59
The area near these walls,
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L'àrea prop d'aquestes parets,
02:02
which nobody bothers to pay attention to,
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que ningú es preocupa per prestar-hi atenció,
02:05
had been left free from major intervention,
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ha quedat lliure d'intervencions principals,
02:08
and this is where I first found my treasures.
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i és on vaig trobar els meus primers tresors.
02:14
As I fell deeper into bow making,
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A mida que vaig entrar més a fons a fer arcs,
02:17
I began to search far and beyond my neighborhood.
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vaig començar a buscar més lluny del meu veïnat.
02:21
When I went on school field trips,
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Quan anava al camp d'excursió amb l'escola,
02:23
family vacations, or simply on my way home
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vacances familiars o simplement tornant a casa
02:26
from extracurricular classes,
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de les classes extraescolars,
02:29
I wandered around wooded areas
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passejava per les àrees boscoses
02:31
and gathered tree branches
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i agafava branques d'arbres
02:33
with the tools that I sneaked inside my school bag.
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amb les eines que amagava a la meva motxilla.
02:37
And they would be somethings like saws, knives,
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I eren serres, ganivets,
02:41
sickles and axes
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falçs i destrals
02:43
that I covered up with a piece of towel.
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que cobria amb un tros de tovallola.
02:48
I would bring the branches home,
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Portava les branques a casa,
02:50
riding buses and subways,
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anant en autobús o metro,
02:52
barely holding them in my hands.
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amb prou feines agafant-les amb les mans.
02:55
And I did not bring the tools here to Long Beach.
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I no vaig portar les eines aquí a Long Beach.
02:59
Airport security.
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Seguretat d'aeroport.
03:00
(Laughter)
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(Rialles)
03:02
In the privacy of my room, covered in sawdust,
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En la privacitat de la meva habitació, cobert de serradures,
03:06
I would saw, trim and polish wood all night long
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serrava, tallava i polia fusta durant tota la nit
03:10
until a bow took shape.
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fins que un arc prenia forma.
03:13
One day, I was changing the shape of a bamboo piece
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Un dia estava canviant la forma d'una peça de bambú
03:17
and ended up setting the place on fire.
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i vaig acaba encenent el lloc de foc.
03:22
Where? The rooftop of my apartment building,
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On? Al teulat de l'edifici del meu apartament,
03:27
a place where 96 families call home.
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un lloc que 96 famílies anomenen casa.
03:30
A customer from a department store across from my building
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Un client d'uns grans magatzems davant del meu edifici
03:33
called 911,
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va trucar el 911,
03:34
and I ran downstairs to tell my mom
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i vaig córrer escales avall per dir-ho a la meva mare
03:37
with half of my hair burned.
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amb la meitat dels meus cabells cremant.
03:42
I want to take this opportunity
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Vull aprofitar aquesta oportunitat
03:44
to tell my mom, in the audience today:
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per dir-li a la meva mare, avui a l'audiència:
03:48
Mom, I was really sorry,
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Mare, em va saber molt greu,
03:50
and I will be more careful with open fire from now on.
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I aniré més en compte amb el foc obert d'ara endavant.
03:54
My mother had to do a lot of explaining,
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La meva mare va haver de donar moltes explicacions,
03:56
telling people that her son did not commit
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dient a la gent que el seu fill no havia comès
03:59
a premeditated arson.
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cap incendi deliberat.
04:05
I also researched extensively on bows around the world.
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També he fet moltes cerques extenses sobre els arcs a tot el món.
04:09
In that process, I tried to combine
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En aquest procès, he intentat combinar
04:11
the different bows from across time and places
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els diferents arcs de cada època i lloc
04:13
to create the most effective bow.
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per crear l'arc més efectiu.
04:17
I also worked with many different types of wood,
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També he treballat amb molts tipus de fusta diferents,
04:20
such as maple, yew and mulberry,
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com auró, teix i morera,
04:23
and did many shooting experiments
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i he fet molts experiments de tiroteig
04:25
in the wooded area near the urban expressway
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a l'area boscosa prop de l'autopista urbana
04:27
that I mentioned before.
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ue he mencionat abans.
04:30
The most effective bow for me
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Per mi, l'arc més efectiu
04:32
would be like this.
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seria com aquest.
04:35
One: Curved tips can maximize the springiness
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U: Les puntes corbes poden maximitzar l'elasticitat
04:39
when you draw and shoot the arrow.
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quan dibuixes i dispares l'arc.
04:43
Two: Belly is drawn inward for higher draw weight,
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Dos: La panxa es dibuixa cap a l'interior, per un pes més alt,
04:47
which means more power.
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que significa més potència.
04:51
Three: Sinew used in the outer layer of the limb
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Tres: El tendó utilitzat a l'altra capa de la branca
04:55
for maximum tension storage.
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per un emmagatzematge de tensió màxim.
04:58
And four: Horn used to store energy in compression.
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I quatre: Banyes utilitzades per guardar energia en compressió.
05:07
After fixing, breaking, redesigning,
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Després de fixar, trencar, redissenyar,
05:10
mending, bending and amending,
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millorar, corbar i corregir,
05:12
my ideal bow began to take shape,
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el meu arc ideal va començar a agafar forma,
05:16
and when it was finally done,
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i quan finalment va estar fet,
05:20
it looked like this.
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era com aquest.
05:24
I was so proud of myself
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Estava tan orgullós de mi mateix
05:26
for inventing a perfect bow on my own.
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per inventar sol l'arc perfecte.
05:32
This is a picture of Korean traditional bows
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Aquesta és una imatge dels arcs tradicionals coreans
05:36
taken from a museum,
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agafada d'un museu,
05:38
and see how my bow resembles them.
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i mireu com el meu arc s'hi assembla.
05:43
Thanks to my ancestors
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Gràcies als meus avantpassats
05:45
for robbing me of my invention. (Laughter)
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per robar el meu invent. (Rialles)
05:51
Through bowmaking,
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A través de la construcció d'arcs,
05:53
I came in contact with part of my heritage.
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vaig entrar en contacte amb una part del meu patrimoni.
05:56
Learning the information that has accumulated over time
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Aprendre la informació que s'ha acumulat al llarg del temps
06:00
and reading the message left by my ancestors
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i llegir el missatge que van deixar els meus avantpassats
06:02
were better than any consolation therapy
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era millor que qualsevol teràpia de consol
06:05
or piece of advice any living adults could give me.
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o consell que qualsevol adult em pogués donar.
06:10
You see, I searched far and wide,
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Com veieu, vaig buscar molt i lluny,
06:13
but never bothered to look close and near.
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però mai em vaig preocupar de mirar a prop.
06:16
From this realization,
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D'aquesta realització,
06:19
I began to take interest in Korean history,
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vaig començar a tenir interès en la història coreana,
06:21
which had never inspired me before.
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que mai m'havia inspirat abans.
06:25
In the end, the grass is often greener
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Al final, la gespa acostuma a ser més verda
06:28
on my side of the fence,
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a la meva banda de la tanca,
06:30
although we don't realize it.
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tot i que no ens n'adonem.
06:33
Now, I am going to show you how my bow works.
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Ara us ensenyaré com funciona el meu arc.
06:38
And let's see how this one works.
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I veurem com funciona aquest altra.
06:43
This is a bamboo bow,
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És un arc de bambú,
06:45
with 45-pound draw weights.
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amb pesos de 45 lliures.
06:49
(Noise of shooting arrow)
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(Soroll d'arc disparant-se)
06:51
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
07:00
A bow may function in a simple mechanism,
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Un arc pot funcionar amb un mecanisme simple,
07:04
but in order to make a good bow,
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però per fer un bon arc,
07:07
a great amount of sensitivity is required.
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es necessita una gran quantitat de comprensió.
07:11
You need to console and communicate
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Necessites consolar i comunicar-te
07:13
with the wood material.
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amb el material de fusta.
07:16
Each fiber in the wood
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Cada fibra a la fusta
07:18
has its own reason and function for being,
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té la seva pròpia raó i funció per ser,
07:21
and only through cooperation and harmony among them
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i només amb cooperació i harmonia entre ells
07:24
comes a great bow.
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ve un gran arc.
07:28
I may be an [odd] student
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Potser sóc un estudiant [estrany]
07:29
with unconventional interests,
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amb interessos poc convencionals,
07:32
but I hope I am making a contribution
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però espero estar fent una contribució
07:34
by sharing my story with all of you.
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compartint la meva història amb tots vosaltres.
07:38
My ideal world is a place
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El meu món ideal és un lloc
07:41
where no one is left behind,
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on ningú es queda enrere,
07:43
where everyone is needed exactly where they are,
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on tothom és necessitat exactament on és,
07:46
like the fibers and the tendons in a bow,
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com les fibres i els tendons en un arc,
07:50
a place where the strong is flexible
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un lloc on el fort és flexible,
07:53
and the vulnerable is resilient.
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i el vulnerable és resistent.
07:57
The bow resembles me,
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L'arc s'assembla a mi,
07:58
and I resemble the bow.
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i jo m'assemblo a l'arc.
08:01
Now, I am shooting a part of myself to you.
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Ara us disparo una part de mi.
08:06
No, better yet, a part of my mind
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No, millor encara, una part de la meva ment
08:09
has just been shot over to your mind.
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s'ha disparat a la vostra ment.
08:12
Did it strike you?
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Us ha tocat?
08:14
Thank you.
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Gràcies.
08:16
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dong Woo Jang - Bow designerDong Woo Jang turns an unusual stick of bamboo into an archer’s bow, an exploration of his cultural heritage and a metaphor for his perfect world.
Why you should listen
His parents wouldn’t let him play video games, so Dong Woo Jang had to invent other ways to entertain himself in and around his Seoul apartment. First, he studied spider anatomy and hunting skills for three years, creating their habitat in his room. Next, Dong headed outside, where he picked up fallen tree branches and turned them into archery bows.
Later, while researching the age-old craft, he discovered that his optimal design was strikingly similar to that of his ancestors. Though he concedes that, during his process of “fixing, breaking, redesigning, mending, bending, and amending” bows, he accidently set his building on fire. The 15-year-old says that working with wood -- and traveling back and forth in time -- makes him feel free.
Dong Woo Jang | Speaker | TED.com