Andrew Dent: To eliminate waste, we need to rediscover thrift
Andrew Dent: Pour supprimer les déchets, redécouvrons la frugalité
A leading expert on sustainable materials, Andrew Dent has played an important part in creating a new generation of more sustainable products. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
reduce, reuse and recycle,
où l’on réduit, réutilise et recycle,
I think has a real potential for change.
un réel potentiel de mutation.
it would come from presents.
celles venant des cadeaux
et les utilisait au besoin.
and then use it when it was needed.
pour ficeler les roses
whether it was tying up the roses
it'd go back into the jar.
utiliser ce dont on a besoin,
you use what you need,
so you save money.
et économiser l’argent.
a cardboard box,
I want to use it for a robot head
pour la tête d’un robot,
et descendre la rivière. »
of the second life of products.
de la deuxième vie des produits.
a perfect counterpoint
est le parfait contrepoint
are replaceable.
sont remplaçables.
jouet tout pimpant,
we got rid of the old one.
it's great in the moment,
c’est super sur le moment,
as we keep doing this,
comme cela,
there is really no way.
dans une impasse.
it typically goes into a landfill.
en général dans une décharge.
which is not going to go away,
1.3 billion tons of material every year
environ 1,3 milliard de tonnes de déchets
about four billion tons.
4 milliards de tonnes.
if we started thrifting.
nous apprenions la frugalité.
when they go into products
les composants pour concevoir un produit,
When can they be used again?
s’ils peuvent être réutilisés.
the way we think about waste,
notre vision des déchets,
ne soit plus un gros mot
the word "waste" completely.
ce sont des ressources.
into another product.
qu’on savait bien faire.
used to use old seed packets
de vieux sachets de graines
comprennent cette valeur,
out there who understand this value
that have been developed for the smart age
développées récemment
réutiliser, et recycler plus efficacement.
reuse and also thrift more proficiently.
over the last couple of decades
près de 20 ans
deviennent plus frugales
are getting smart at thrifting,
à saisir ce concept
to understand this concept
le second, un pas si bon.
the second one, not so good.
la plus innovante ou la plus créative,
innovative or creative of industries,
really good at recycling their products.
pour recycler leurs produits.
that goes on the road
75 percent of the entire car
the old steel and aluminum
pare-chocs ou intérieurs,
from the fender and the interiors,
that deals with these old cars
s’occupe de ces véhicules usagés,
and puts them back into use
ou en d’autres produits.
battery-powered cars,
vers les voitures électriques,
they can recycle up to 90 percent
pouvoir recycler jusqu’à 90 %
that are going to be with us in 2020.
qu’on utilisera en 2020.
and it's getting better.
is the architecture industry.
c’est la construction.
a toujours été que
with architecture has always been
pense pas à la démolition.
about taking down.
we don't disassemble, we demolish.
désassemble pas, on démolit.
des déchets aux États-Unis
of all landfill waste in the US
ce problème.
reduce some of this material.
réduire une partie de ces pertes.
from old demolition waste,
avec des résidus de démolition,
the rubble, the concrete.
les gravats, le béton.
put it all together, heat it up
on chauffe,
on peut reconstruire.
basically build more buildings from.
de notre besoin.
and geotagging,
le « Big Data » et le « Geotagging »,
en matière de construction.
when it comes to buildings.
which is being demolished,
en bas de la rue,
being built here can use?
pourrait utiliser ?
in that building are still usable?
sont encore utilisables ?
into a new building,
ce nouvel immeuble,
any value in the process?
to create thrift?
devenir plus frugales ?
that there are plenty of industries
about their own waste
ce sont les déchets générés
that they basically belch out
an awful lot of carbon dioxide.
dégagent énormément de CO2
called Land Detector
et bientôt en Afrique du Sud
and also soon in South Africa,
about 400,000 tons of ethanol,
400 000 tonnes d’éthanol
250,000, or quarter of a million, cars
de 250 000 voitures
des déchets.
of reducing, reusing,
de réduire, réutiliser,
of changing from a cut and sew,
éviter la coupe et la couture,
20 and 30 materials are used
20 à 30 matières différentes
sewn together or even sometimes glued,
cousues ensemble ou même parfois collées.
et juste tricoté la chaussure.
that they just knitted the shoe.
a simplification of the process,
une simplification du procédé,
j’ai zéro déchet »,
I have zero waste,"
recycle that at the end of its life."
le recycler en fin de vie ».
aussi d’être plus efficace.
to do this more effectively.
la limite théorique de résistance
the theoretical limit of strength
pour cette quantité de matière
for the amount of material
I can make it into large formats,
et réaliser de grands formats,
ou des chaussures.
the amount of material.
quantité de matière utilisée.
are used to hold up large tent structures.
utilisé pour soutenir des grandes tentes.
along a shopping center.
près d’un centre commercial.
comme celle de gauche.
of the materials on the left.
the solution on the right,
sur la droite
from seven to one,
is currently welded,
is simply just printed.
les déchets à zéro,
at the end of its life.
en termes de frugalité.
de déchets.
building blocks of cellulose,
de la cellulose,
that makes trees strong,
qui rendent les arbres solides.
very much like carbon fiber.
un peu comme la fibre de carbone.
form it into fibers,
faites-en des fibres,
can strengthen things,
renforcer des objets,
ou des voitures.
is it's not just bioderived,
que cela vient de la nature,
as well as food packaging.
comme en emballage de nourriture.
comes from the backyard.
qui vient de notre jardin.
is synthetic spider silk.
est le fil d’araignée synthétique.
create spider silk naturally.
de la soie d’araignée naturellement.
à se tuer et se manger entre elles,
to kill each other, eat each other,
take the DNA from the spider,
l’ADN de l’araignée
you can put it into yeast,
ou dans des levures,
in much larger volumes
en plus grande quantité
and then create a fabric or a rope.
un tissu ou une corde.
incroyable - presque comme le Kevlar -
strength -- about the same as Kevlar --
bulletproof vests and helmets
gilets pare-balles, des casques
and at the end of its life,
et en fin de vie,
et être composté
into the soil and get composted
as a new material.
last form which is biobased,
cas basé sur la biologie,
le summum de la frugalité.
is like the ultimate thrift.
for conspicuous consumption.
de notre société de consommation.
they're basically going everywhere,
on en retrouve partout,
not just to recycle them,
les recycler,
about reusing and recycling,
à réutiliser et recycler,
can be recycled as many times as you like.
être recyclés autant de fois qu’on veut.
from a 1950s Oldsmobile,
d’une Oldsmobile des années 50,
with no loss of performance.
sans perte de performance.
once or twice of recycling,
deux ou trois fois.
whether it's a chair --
ou une chaise,
it goes back into another chair, etc,
dans une chaise ou autre,
et ne sont plus utilisables.
it's no longer of any use.
avec seulement quelques enzymes.
is able to recycle it infinitely.
or some other plastic product,
ou un autre produit en plastique,
they break it apart,
elles cassent le plastique
into its original molecules.
en ses molécules originelles.
or carpet or bottle.
tapis, bouteille...
zero loss of material resources.
aucune perte de ressources.
you think about -- if you make anything,
réfléchissiez, si vous fabriquez un objet,
are refurbishing your house --
could potentially be used
pourrait potentiellement être réutilisé
or fourth life.
to be taken apart.
du désassemblage.
what my grandmother would love.
ce que ma grand-mère aimerait.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Andrew Dent - Material innovatorA leading expert on sustainable materials, Andrew Dent has played an important part in creating a new generation of more sustainable products.
Why you should listen
Dr. Andrew Dent plays a key role in the expansion of Material ConneXion’s technical knowledge base. His research directs the implementation of consulting projects and the selection of innovative, sustainable and advanced materials to Material ConneXion’s library. As the Executive Vice President of Research at Material ConneXion and Chief Material Scientist at SANDOW, Dent has helped hundreds of clients -- from Whirlpool and Adidas to BMW and Procter & Gamble -- develop or improve their products through the use of innovative materials.
Prior to joining Material ConneXion, Dent held a number of research positions both in industry and academia. At Rolls Royce PLC, he specialized in turbine blades for the present generation of jet engines. He has completed postdoctoral research at Cambridge University and at the Center for Thermal Spray Research, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY. Other research projects during this period, included work for the US Navy, DARPA, NASA and the British Ministry of Defense. He received his PhD in materials science from the University of Cambridge.
Dent is a frequent speaker on sustainable and innovative material strategies, having given talks at TEDxGrandRapids and TEDNYC, and he is the co-author of the Material Innovation book series, which includes Packaging Design, Product Design and Architecture. Dent has also contributed to numerous publications on the subject of material science including Fast Company, The Economist and the Financial Times.
Andrew Dent | Speaker | TED.com