TED2011
Edith Widder: The weird, wonderful world of bioluminescence
Edith Widder: Čudnovat i prekrasan svijet bioluminiscencije
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U dubokom, tamnom oceanu, mnoga morska stvorenja proizvode vlastitu svjetlost za lov, parenje i samoobranu. Stručnjakinja u bioluminiscenciji, Edith Widder je bila jedna od prvih koja je snimila taj svjetlucav svijet. Na TED-u 2011, ona donosi neke od svojih svjetlećih prijatelja na pozornicu, i prikazuje još zadivljujućih snimaka svjetlećeg podvodnog svijeta.
Edith Widder - Marine biologist
Edith Widder combines her expertise in research and technological innovation with a commitment to stopping and reversing the degradation of our marine environment. Full bio
Edith Widder combines her expertise in research and technological innovation with a commitment to stopping and reversing the degradation of our marine environment. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
So I want to take you on a trip
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Dakle, želim vas povesti na putovanje
00:17
to an alien world.
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u strani svijet.
00:20
And it's not a trip
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I to nije putovanje
00:22
that requires light-years of travel,
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koje zahtijeva putovanje od nekoliko svjetlosnih godina,
00:25
but it's to a place
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već je to putovanje na mjesto
00:27
where it's defined by light.
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koje je definirano svjetlošću.
00:30
So it's a little-appreciated fact
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Dakle, malo je cijenjena činjenica
00:33
that most of the animals in our ocean
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kako većina životinja u našem oceanu
00:38
make light.
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proizvodi svjetlo.
00:40
I've spent most of my career
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Većinu svoje karijere provela sam
00:42
studying this phenomenon called bioluminescence.
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proučavajući taj fenomen zvan bioluminiscencija.
00:45
I study it because I think understanding it
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Proučavam ga jer mislim kako je njegovo razumijevanje
00:47
is critical to understanding life in the ocean
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kritično za razumijevanje života u oceanu
00:50
where most bioluminescence occurs.
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gdje se većina bioluminiscencije zbiva.
00:52
I also use it as a tool
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Ujedno ga koristim kao alat
00:54
for visualizing and tracking pollution.
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za vizualizaciju i praćenje zagađenja.
00:57
But mostly I'm entranced by it.
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Ali većim dijelom me privlači.
01:00
Since my my first dive in a deep-diving submersible,
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Nakon mog prvog zarona u vozilu za duboko zaronjavanje,
01:03
when I went down and turned out the lights
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kada sam se spustila dolje i ugasila svjetla
01:05
and saw the fireworks displays,
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i vidjela vatromet,
01:07
I've been a bioluminescence junky.
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postala sam ovisnik o bioluminiscenciji.
01:10
But I would come back from those dives
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Ali, vraćala bih se iz tih zarona
01:13
and try to share the experience with words,
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i pokušala podijeliti iskustvo riječima,
01:16
and they were totally inadequate to the task.
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i one su bile potpuno nedostatne za taj doživljaj.
01:20
I needed some way to share the experience directly.
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Morala sam pronaći način da podijelim to iskustvo direktno.
01:23
And the first time I figured out that way
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A prvi put kada sam shvatila koji je to način,
01:25
was in this little single-person submersible
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bio je kada sam bila u tom podvodnom vozilu za jednu osobu
01:27
called Deep Rover.
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zvanom Deep Rover.
01:29
This next video clip,
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Sljedeći video isječak,
01:31
you're going to see how we stimulated the bioluminescence.
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vidjet ćete kako smo stimulirali bioluminiscenciju.
01:33
And the first thing you're going to see
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A prva stvar koju ćete vidjeti
01:35
is a transect screen
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je presjek ekrana
01:37
that is about a meter across.
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koji je velik metar u dužinu.
01:39
(Video) Narrator: In front of the sub,
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(Video) Pripovjedač: Ispred podmornice,
01:41
a mess screen will come into contact
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mrežni ekran će doći u kontakt
01:43
with the soft-bodied creatures of the deep sea.
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sa stvorenjima mekanih tijela koji žive u dubokom moru.
01:46
With the sub's lights switched off,
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S isključenim svjetlima podmornice,
01:48
it is possible to see their bioluminescence --
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moguće je vidjeti njihovu bioluminiscenciju --
01:51
the light produced when they collide with the mesh.
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svjetlo koje proizvode kada se sudare s mrežom.
02:00
This is the first time
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Ovo je prvi put
02:02
it has ever been recorded.
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da je to ikada snimljeno.
02:16
Edith Widder: So I recorded that with an intensified video camera
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Edith Widder: Dakle, snimila sam to s intenzivnom video kamerom
02:19
that has about the sensitivity
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koja ima osjetljivost kao i
02:21
of the fully dark-adapted human eye.
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ljudsko oko koje je u potpunosti prilagođeno za mrak.
02:23
Which means that really is what you would see
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Što znači da je to ono što možete vidjeti
02:25
if you took a dive in a submersible.
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ako zaronite u podmornici.
02:27
But just to try to prove that fact to you,
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Ali samo da probamo dokazati tu činjenicu vama,
02:29
I've brought along some bioluminescent plankton
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donijela sam sa sobom bioluminiscentni plankton
02:31
in what is undoubtedly a foolhardy attempt
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kako bih pokušala
02:33
at a live demonstration.
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izvesti demontraciju uživo.
02:35
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
02:37
So, if we could have the lights down
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Dakle, ako bismo mogli ugasiti svjetla
02:39
and have it as dark in here as possible,
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i imati najmračniju atmosferu koliko je to moguće,
02:42
I have a flask
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ja imam bocu
02:44
that has bioluminescent plankton in it.
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u kojoj je sadržan bioluminiscentan plankton.
02:47
And you'll note there's no light coming from them right now,
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I primjetit ćete kako sada ne proizvode nikakvo svjetlo,
02:50
either because they're dead --
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ili zato jer su mrtvi --
02:52
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
02:54
or because I need to stir them up in some way
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ili jer ih moram promiješati na način
02:57
for you to see what bioluminescence really looks like.
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na koji biste vi mogli vidjeti kako bioluminiscencija doista izgleda.
03:01
(Gasps)
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(Dahtanje)
03:05
Oops. Sorry.
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Oops. Oprostite.
03:07
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
03:16
I spend most of my time working in the dark; I'm used to that.
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Većinu svog vremena provodim radeći u mraku, navikla sam na to.
03:19
Okay.
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U redu.
03:21
So that light
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Dakle, ovu svjetlost
03:23
was made by a bioluminescent dinoflagellate,
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je proizvela bioluminiscentna dinoflegellate-a,
03:26
a single-celled alga.
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jednostanična alga.
03:28
So why would a single-celled alga
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Dakle, zašto bi jednostanična alga
03:30
need to be able to produce light?
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trebala proizvesti svjetlo?
03:32
Well, it uses it to defend itself from its predators.
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Pa, koristi ga kako bi se obranila od svojih predatora.
03:35
The flash is like a scream for help.
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Bljesak je poput poziva upomoć.
03:37
It's what's known as a bioluminescent burglar alarm,
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To je poznato kao bioluminiscentni alarm za provalnike.
03:40
and just like the alarm on your car or your house,
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I poput alarma u vašem autu ili u vašoj kući,
03:43
it's meant to cast unwanted attention onto the intruder,
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uloga mu je da baci neželjenu pozornost na uljeza,
03:46
thereby either leading to his capture
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vodeći do njegovog ulova
03:49
or scaring him away.
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ili do zastrašivanja.
03:51
There's a lot of animals that use this trick,
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Postoji mnogo životinja koje koriste taj trik,
03:53
for example this black dragonfish.
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na primjer ova crna riba zmaj.
03:55
It's got a light organ under its eye.
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Ima svjetleći organ ispod svog oka.
03:57
It's got a chin barbel.
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Ima mrene na bradi.
03:59
It's got a lot of other light organs you can't see, but you'll see in here in a minute.
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Ima puno drugih svjetlećih organa koje ne možete vidjeti, no vidjet ćete ih ovdje za koju minutu.
04:02
So we had to chase this in the submersible for quite sometime,
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Dakle, moramo smo je loviti u podmornici neko vrijeme,
04:06
because the top speed of this fish is one knot,
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jer je maksimalna brzina ove ribe jedan čvor,
04:09
which was the top speed of the submersible.
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što je ujedno i maksimalna brzina podmornice.
04:11
But it was worth it,
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Ali isplatilo se,
04:13
because we caught it in a special capture device,
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jer smo je ulovili u posebnu napravu za ulov,
04:15
brought it up into the lab on the ship,
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doveli je u laboratorij na brodu,
04:17
and then everything on this fish lights up.
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i zatim je sve na toj ribi počelo svjetliti.
04:20
It's unbelievable.
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To je nevjerojatno.
04:22
The light organs under the eyes are flashing.
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Svjetleći organi ispod oka blješte.
04:24
That chin barbel is flashing.
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Mrena na bradi blješti.
04:26
It's got light organs on its belly that are flashing,
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Ima svjetleće organe na trbuhu koji blješte,
04:28
fin lights.
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svjetla na peraji.
04:30
It's a scream for help; it's meant to attract attention.
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To je poziv upomoć; namjenjen je da privuče pozornost.
04:33
It's phenomenal.
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To je fenomenalno.
04:35
And you normally don't get to see this
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I normalno nemate priliku vidjeti to,
04:37
because we've exhausted the luminescence when we bring them up in nets.
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jer kada ih dovedemo gore u mrežama, već smo iscrpili njihovu luminiscenciju.
04:41
There's other ways you can defend yourself with light.
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Postoje drugi načini kako se možete obraniti pomoću svjetla.
04:44
For example, this shrimp
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Na primjer, ovaj škamp
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releases its bioluminescent chemicals into the water
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ispušta svoje bioluminiscentne kemikalije u vodu
04:49
just the way a squid or an octopus would release an ink cloud.
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na isti način kao i lignja ili hobotnica ispušta oblak tinte.
04:52
This blinds or distracts the predator.
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To zaslijepljuje ili omete predatora.
04:55
This little squid is called the fire shooter
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Ova mala lignja je zvana bacač vatre
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because of its ability to do this.
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zbog svoje sposobnosti da to radi.
05:00
Now it may look like a tasty morsel,
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Sada, može to izgledati kao slastan zalogaj,
05:03
or a pig's head with wings --
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ili kao svinjska glava s krilima --
05:05
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
05:08
but if it's attacked,
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ali ako je napadnuta,
05:11
it puts out a barrage of light --
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postavlja svjetlosnu prepreku --
05:14
in fact, a barrage of photon torpedoes.
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zapravo, prepreku fotonskih torpeda.
05:18
I just barely got the lights out in time
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Jedva sam uspjela ugasiti svjetla na vrijeme
05:20
for you to be able to see those gobs of light
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kako biste vidjeli ta zrnca svjetlosti
05:22
hitting the transect screen
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kako udaraju presjek ekrana
05:24
and then just glowing.
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i zatim sjaje.
05:26
It's phenomenal.
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To je fenomenalno.
05:30
So there's a lot of animals in the open ocean --
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Dakle, ima puno životinja u otvorenom oceanu --
05:32
most of them that make light.
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većina njih koja proizvodi svjetlost.
05:34
And we have a pretty good idea, for most of them, why.
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I za većinu njih imamo prilično dobre ideje zašto to rade.
05:36
They use it for finding food, for attracting mates,
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Koriste je za pronalazak hrane, za privlačenje partnera,
05:39
for defending against predators.
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za obranu od predatora.
05:41
But when you get down to the bottom of the ocean,
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Ali kada se spustite na dno oceana,
05:43
that's where things get really strange.
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tamo stvari postaju uistinu čudne.
05:46
And some of these animals
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I neke od tih životinja
05:48
are probably inspiration for the things you saw in "Avatar,"
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su vjerojatno inspiracija za stvari koje ste vidjeli u "Avatar-u",
05:51
but you don't have to travel to Pandora to see them.
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ali ne morate putovati na Pandoru kako biste ih vidjeli.
05:54
They're things like this.
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One su stvari poput ovih.
05:56
This is a golden coral, a bush.
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Ovo je zlatni koralj, grm.
05:58
It grows very slowly.
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Raste vrlo sporo.
06:00
In fact, it's thought that some of these
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Zapravo, pretpostavlja se kako su neki
06:02
are as much as 3,000 years old,
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stari i do 3.000 godina,
06:04
which is one reason that bottom trawling should not be allowed.
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što je još jedan razlog zašto koćarenje po dnu nije dozvoljeno.
06:08
The other reason is this amazing bush glows.
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Drugi razlog je što taj nevjerojatan grm svijetli.
06:12
So if you brush up against it,
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Dakle, ako ga okrznete,
06:14
any place you brushed against it,
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bilo koje mjesto koje okrznete,
06:16
you get this twinkling blue-green light
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će zasvjetliti plavo-zelenim svjetlom
06:19
that's just breathtaking.
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koje jednostavno oduzima dah.
06:22
And you see things like this.
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I vidite stvari poput ovih.
06:24
This looks like something out of a Dr. Seuss book --
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Ovo je nalik nečemu iz knjige Dr. Seuss-a --
06:26
just all manner of creatures all over this thing.
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različite vrste stvorenja preko ove stvari.
06:30
And these are flytrap anemones.
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A ovo su muholovke anemone.
06:33
Now if you poke it, it pulls in its tentacles.
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Ako je gurnete, uvuče unutra svoje pipaljke.
06:36
But if you keep poking it,
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Ali ako je nastavite gurati,
06:38
it starts to produce light.
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počinje proizvoditi svjetlost.
06:41
And it actually ends up looking like a galaxy.
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I na kraju zapravo izgleda poput galaksije.
06:45
It produces these strings of light,
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Proizvodi te niti svjetla,
06:47
presumably as some form of defense.
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vjerojatno kao neku vrstu obrane.
06:50
There are starfish that can make light.
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Postoje zvijezde koje mogu prizvesti svjetlo.
06:53
And there are brittle stars that produce bands of light
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I postoje krhke zvijezde koje proizvode trake svjetlosti
06:56
that dance along their arms.
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koje plešu oko njihovih ruku.
06:59
This looks like a plant,
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Ovo izgleda kao biljka,
07:01
but it's actually an animal.
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ali je zapravo životinja.
07:03
And it anchors itself in the sand
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I usidri se u pijesku
07:05
by blowing up a balloon on the end of its stock.
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napuhujući balon na kraju svog debla.
07:08
So it can actually hold itself in very strong currents,
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Stoga se može zapravo držati u vrlo jakim strujama,
07:10
as you see here.
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kao što vidite ovdje.
07:12
But if we collect it very gently, and we bring it up into the lab
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Ali ako je pokupimo vrlo nježno, i donesemo je gore u laboratorij
07:15
and just squeeze it at the base of the stock,
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i istisnemo je pri kraju debla,
07:18
it produces this light
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proizvodi svjetlo
07:20
that propagates from stem to the plume,
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koje se širi od debla do vrhova,
07:22
changing color as it goes,
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mijenjajući boju kako se širi,
07:25
from green to blue.
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od zelene ka plavoj.
07:28
Colorization and sound effects
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Kolorizacija i zvučni efekti
07:30
added for you viewing pleasure.
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su dodani za vaš užitak gledanja.
07:32
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
07:35
But we have no idea why it does that.
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Ali nemamo pojma zašto to radi.
07:37
Here's another one. This is also a sea pen.
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Evo još jedne. Ovo je isto morska olovka.
07:39
It's got a brittle star hitching a ride.
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Ima krhku zvijezdu koja autostopira.
07:42
It's a green saber of light.
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Ima zelenu sablju svjetlosti.
07:44
And like the one you just saw,
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I poput ove koje ste upravo vidjeli,
07:46
it can produce these as bands of light.
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može ih proizvesti kao trake svjetlosti.
07:48
So if I squeeze the base,
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Dakle, ako stisnem osnovicu,
07:50
the bands go from base to tip.
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trake idu od osnovice prema vrhovima.
07:54
If I squeeze the tip, they go from tip to base.
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Ako stisnem vrh, idu od vrhova prema osnovici.
08:00
So what do you think happens if you squeeze it in the middle?
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Dakle, što mislite da se događa kada bi je stisnuli u sredini?
08:04
(Gasps)
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(Dahtanje)
08:07
I'd be very interested in your theories about what that's about.
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Bila bih veoma zainteresirana za vaše teorije o tome što je ovo sada bilo.
08:10
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
08:12
So there's a language of light in the deep ocean,
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Dakle, postoji jezik svjetlosti u dubokom oceanu,
08:14
and we're just beginning to understand it,
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i počinjemo ga shvaćati.
08:17
and one way we're going about that
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A jedan način na koji to radimo
08:19
is we're imitating a lot of these displays.
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je da imitiramo mnogo tih prikaza.
08:21
This is an optical lure that I've used.
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Ovo je optički mamac koji sam koristila.
08:23
We call it the electronic jellyfish.
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Zovemo je elektronička meduza.
08:25
It's just 16 blue LEDs
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To je samo 16 plavih LED-ica
08:27
that we can program to do different types of displays.
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koje možemo programirati da prikazuju različite prikaze.
08:29
And we view it with a camera system I developed called Eye-in-the-Sea
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I promatramo je pomoću sustava za kamere koji sam razvila a koji se zove Oko-u-Moru
08:32
that uses far red light that's invisible to most animals,
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koji koristi udaljeno crveno svjetlo koje je nevidljivo većini životinja,
08:34
so it's unobtrusive.
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dakle, nije nametljivo.
08:36
So I just want to show you
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Dakle, želim vam samo pokazati
08:38
some of the responses we've elicited
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neke od odgovora koje smo prikupili
08:40
from animals in the deep sea.
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od životinja u dubokom moru.
08:42
So the camera's black and white.
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Dakle, kamera je crno bijela.
08:44
It's not high-resolution.
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Nema visoku rezoluciju.
08:46
And what you're seeing here is a bait box
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A ono što vidite ovdje je kutija za mamac
08:48
with a bunch of -- like the cockroaches of the ocean --
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s hrpom -- poput oceanskih žohara --
08:51
there are isopods all over it.
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izopodi su ih prekrili.
08:53
And right in the front
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A upravo naprijed
08:55
is the electronic jellyfish.
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je elektronička meduza.
08:57
And when it starts flashing,
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I kada počinje sjajiti,
08:59
it's just going to be one of the LEDs that's flashing very fast.
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samo jedna LED-ica će sjajiti jako brzo.
09:02
But as soon as it starts to flash --
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Ali čim počinje sjajiti --
09:04
and it's going to look big, because it blooms on the camera --
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i izgledati će veliko, jer cvjeta na kameri --
09:06
I want you to look right here.
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želim da gledate točno ovdje.
09:08
There's something small there that responds.
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Tamo je nešto maleno što odgovara.
09:11
We're talking to something.
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Pričamo s nečim.
09:13
It looks like a little of string pearls basically --
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U osnovi je pomalo nalik na nit bisera,
09:17
in fact, three strings of pearls.
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zapravo, tri niti bisera.
09:20
And this was very consistent.
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I to je bilo vrlo konzistentno.
09:22
This was in the Bahamas at about 2,000 feet.
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To je bila na Bahamima na oko 2.000 stopa.
09:24
We basically have a chat room going on here,
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U osnovi ovdje imamo sobu za razgovor,
09:27
because once it gets started, everybody's talking.
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jer jednom kada počne, svi pričaju.
09:30
And I think this is actually a shrimp
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I mislim kako je ovo zapravo škamp
09:32
that's releasing its bioluminescent chemicals into the water.
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koji ispušta bioluminiscentne kemikalije u vodu.
09:35
But the cool thing is, we're talking to it.
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Ali sjajna stvar je, mi pričamo s time.
09:37
We don't know what we're saying.
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Ne znamo što govorimo.
09:40
Personally, I think it's something sexy.
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Osobno, mislim kako je nešto seksi.
09:42
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
09:44
And then finally,
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I zatim na kraju,
09:46
I want to show you some responses that we recorded
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želim vam pokazati neke odgovore koje smo snimili
09:48
with the world's first deep-sea webcam,
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s prvom na svijetu kamerom za duboke vode
09:51
which we had installed in Monterey Canyon last year.
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koju smo instalirali u kanjonu Monterey prošle godine.
09:53
We've only just begun to analyze all of this data.
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Tek smo počeli analizirati sve te podatke.
09:56
This is going to be a glowing source first,
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Ovo će isprva biti svjetleći izvor,
09:59
which is like bioluminescent bacteria.
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što je poput bioluminiscentne bakterije.
10:01
And it is an optical cue
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I to je optički znak
10:03
that there's carrion on the bottom of the ocean.
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kako je strvina na dnu oceana.
10:06
So this scavenger comes in,
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Dakle, taj strvožder uđe,
10:09
which is a giant sixgill shark.
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koji je zapravo ogroman morski pas.
10:11
And I can't claim for sure
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I ne mogu tvrditi sa sigurnošću
10:13
that the optical source brought it in, because there's bait right there.
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kako ga je optički izvor doveo, jer je tamo mamac.
10:16
But if it had been following the odor plume,
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Ali kada bi slijedio miris dima,
10:18
it would have come in from the other direction.
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došao bi iz drugog smjera.
10:20
And it does actually seem to be trying
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I doima se kako pokušava
10:22
to eat the electronic jellyfish.
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pojesti elektroničku meduzu.
10:25
That's a 12-foot-long giant sixgill shark.
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To je ogroman morski pas od 12 stopa.
10:29
Okay, so this next one is from the webcam,
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U redu, ovaj idući je iz web kamere,
10:32
and it's going to be this pinwheel display.
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i biti će taj prikaz vrtenja.
10:35
And this is a burglar alarm.
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A ovo je provalnički alarm.
10:38
And that was a Humboldt squid,
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A ovo je bila Humboldt-ova lignja,
10:40
a juvenile Humboldt squid, about three feet long.
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maloljetna Humboldt-ova lignja, koja je dugačka oko tri stope.
10:43
This is at 3,000 feet in Monterey Canyon.
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To je na 3.000 stopa u kanjonu Monterey.
10:46
But if it's a burglar alarm, you wouldn't expect it to attack the jellyfish directly.
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Ali ako je provalnički alarm, ne biste očekivali kako će izravno napasti meduzu.
10:49
It's supposed to be attacking what's attacking the jellyfish.
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Moralo bi napadati ono što napada meduzu.
10:52
But we did see a bunch of responses like this.
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Ali vidjeli smo mnogo odgovora poput ovih.
10:55
This guy is a little more contemplative.
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Ovaj malo više promišlja.
10:58
"Hey, wait a minute.
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"Hej, čekaj malo.
11:00
There's supposed to be something else there."
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Trebalo bi još nešto biti tamo."
11:02
He's thinking about it.
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On razmišlja o tome.
11:05
But he's persistent.
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Ali on je uporan.
11:07
He keeps coming back.
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Stalno se vraća.
11:09
And then he goes away for a few seconds
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I zatim ode na nekoliko sekundi
11:11
to think about it some more,
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kako bi malo više razmislio o tome,
11:13
and thinks,
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i razmišlja,
11:15
"Maybe if I come in from a different angle."
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"Možda bih trebao doći iz drugog kuta."
11:19
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
11:22
Nope.
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Ne.
11:24
So we are starting to get a handle on this,
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Dakle, počinjemo se uhodavati u to,
11:27
but only just the beginnings.
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ali to su samo počeci.
11:29
We need more eyes on the process.
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Trebamo više promatrati proces.
11:31
So if any of you ever get a chance to take a dive in a submersible,
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Stoga, ako itko od vas ikada dobije šansu da zaroni u podmornici,
11:34
by all means, climb in and take the plunge.
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popnite se i zaronite.
11:37
This is something that should be on everybody's bucket list,
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To je nešto što bi trebalo biti na svačijoj listi želja,
11:40
because we live on an ocean planet.
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jer živimo na planetu oceana.
11:44
More than 90 percent, 99 percent,
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Više od 90 posto, 99 posto,
11:46
of the living space on our planet
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živućeg prostora na našem planetu
11:49
is ocean.
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je ocean.
11:52
It's a magical place
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To je magično mjesto
11:55
filled with breathtaking light shows
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ispunjeno s svjetlosnim predstavama koje oduzimaju dah
12:03
and bizarre and wondrous creatures,
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i bizarnim i čudnovatim stvorenjima,
12:07
alien life forms
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stranim životnim oblicima
12:09
that you don't have to travel to another planet to see.
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zbog kojih ne morate putovati na drugi planet kako bi ih vidjeli.
12:12
But if you do take the plunge,
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Ali ako zaronite,
12:15
please remember to turn out the lights.
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sjetite se ugasiti svjetla.
12:18
But I warn you,
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Ali upozoravam vas,
12:21
it's addictive.
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to je zarazno.
12:30
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
12:32
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Edith Widder - Marine biologistEdith Widder combines her expertise in research and technological innovation with a commitment to stopping and reversing the degradation of our marine environment.
Why you should listen
A specialist in bioluminescence, Edith Widder helps design and invent new submersible instruments and equipment to study bioluminescence and enable unobtrusive observation of deep-sea environments. Her innovative tools for exploration have produced footage of rare and wonderful bioluminescent displays and never-before-seen denizens of the deep, including, most recently, the first video ever recorded of the giant squid, Architeuthis, in its natural habitat.
In 2005 she founded the Ocean Research & Conservation Association (ORCA), which is dedicated to protecting aquatic ecosystems and the species they sustain through the development of innovative technologies and science-based conservation action.; In an effort to protect and revitalize the ocean she loves she has been focusing on developing tools for finding and tracking pollution -- a major threat to all of our water ecosystems and ultimately to human health. She was awarded a MacArthur "genius" grant in 2006.
In 2012, Widder was among the team that filmed the giant squid (Architeuthis) for the first time in its home ocean.
Edith Widder | Speaker | TED.com