TED2008
Helen Fisher: The brain in love
Helen Fisher proučava zaljubljeni mozak
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Zašto toliko žudimo za ljubavi, čak do točke kada smo spremni umrijeti za nju? Da bismo naučili o našoj stvarnoj, fizičkoj potrebi za romantičnom ljubavi, Helen Fisher i njezin istraživački tim, proučili su MRI zaljubljenih ljudi -- i ljudi koji su upravo bili ostavljeni.
Helen Fisher - Anthropologist, expert on love
Anthropologist Helen Fisher studies gender differences and the evolution of human emotions. She’s best known as an expert on romantic love. Full bio
Anthropologist Helen Fisher studies gender differences and the evolution of human emotions. She’s best known as an expert on romantic love. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:19
I and my colleagues Art Aron and Lucy Brown and others,
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Moje kolege Art Aron, Lucy Brown, ja i ostali,
00:22
have put 37 people who are madly in love
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stavili smo 37 ljudi koji su ludo zaljubljeni
00:24
into a functional MRI brain scanner.
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u funkcionalnu magnetsku rezonancu.
00:27
17 who were happily in love, 15 who had just been dumped,
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17 njih je bilo sretno zaljubljeno, 15 ih je upravo ostavljeno,
00:30
and we're just starting our third experiment:
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i tek počinjemo naš treći eksperiment:
00:33
studying people who report that they're still in love
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proučavanjem ljudi koji su izjavili da su još uvijek zaljubljeni
00:35
after 10 to 25 years of marriage.
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nakon 10 do 25 godina braka.
00:38
So, this is the short story of that research.
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Reći ću nešto ukratko o tom istraživanju.
00:41
In the jungles of Guatemala, in Tikal, stands a temple.
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U džunglama Gvatemale, u Tikalu, stoji hram.
00:47
It was built by the grandest Sun King,
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Sagradio ga je najznačajniji kralj Sunca
00:49
of the grandest city-state,
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najznačajnijeg grada-države,
00:52
of the grandest civilization of the Americas, the Mayas.
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najznačajnije američke civilizacije – Maya.
00:55
His name was Jasaw Chan K'awiil.
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Njegovo ime bilo je Jasaw Chan K’awiil.
00:59
He stood over six feet tall.
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Bio je 180 cm visok.
01:01
He lived into his 80s,
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Živio je 80 godina,
01:03
and he was buried beneath this monument in 720 AD.
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i pokopan je u podnožju spomenika 720g. prije Krista.
01:08
And Mayan inscriptions proclaim
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Natpisi Maya tvrde
01:10
that he was deeply in love with his wife.
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da je on bio jako zaljubljen u svoju ženu.
01:11
So, he built a temple in her honor, facing his.
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Izgradio je hram u njenu čast, nasuprot svom.
01:16
And every spring and autumn, exactly at the equinox,
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Svakog proljeća i jeseni, točno na ravnodnevnicu,
01:19
the sun rises behind his temple,
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sunce se uzdiže iza njegovog hrama
01:22
and perfectly bathes her temple with his shadow.
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i savršeno baca njegovu sjenu na njezin hram.
01:27
And as the sun sets behind her temple in the afternoon,
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A kada sunce popodne zalazi iza njenog hrama,
01:31
it perfectly bathes his temple with her shadow.
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i savršeno baca njenu sjenu na njegov hram.
01:34
After 1,300 years, these two lovers
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Nakon 1300 godina, ovo dvoje ljubavnika
01:38
still touch and kiss from their tomb.
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još uvijek se dodiruju i ljube iz svojih grobnica.
01:41
Around the world, people love.
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Svuda u svijetu ljudi vole.
01:44
They sing for love, they dance for love,
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Pjevaju za ljubav, plešu za ljubav,
01:47
they compose poems and stories about love.
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pišu pjesme i priče o ljubavi.
01:50
They tell myths and legends about love.
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Pričaju mitove i legende o ljubavi.
01:52
They pine for love, they live for love,
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Žude za ljubavi, žive za ljubav,
01:56
they kill for love, and they die for love.
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ubijaju za ljubav i umiru za ljubav.
01:58
As Walt Whitman once said,
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Kao što je Walt Whitman jednom rekao,
02:00
he said, "Oh, I would stake all for you."
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“Oh, sve bih stavio na kocku zbog tebe.”
02:03
Anthropologists have found evidence of romantic love in 170 societies.
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Antropolozi su pronašli dokaze o romantičnoj ljubavi u 170 zajednica.
02:08
They've never found a society that did not have it.
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Nisu pronašli nijednu zajednicu bez ljubavi.
02:11
But love isn't always a happy experience.
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Ali ljubav nije uvijek sretno iskustvo.
02:14
In one study of college students,
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U jednoj studiji su studentima
02:16
they asked a lot of questions about love,
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postavili puno pitanja o ljubavi,
02:18
but the two that stood out to me the most were,
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ali dva su se najviše isticala
02:21
"Have you ever been rejected by somebody who you really loved?"
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“Jeste li ikada bili odbijeni od nekoga koga ste jako voljeli?”
02:26
And the second question was,
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I drugo pitanje je bilo,
02:27
"Have you ever dumped somebody who really loved you?"
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“Jeste li ikada ostavili nekoga tko je jako volio vas?”
02:31
And almost 95 percent of both men and women said yes to both.
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Skoro 95 posto muškaraca i žena je potvrdno odgovorilo na oba pitanja.
02:36
Almost nobody gets out of love alive.
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Skoro nitko se ne izvuče živ iz ljubavi.
02:40
So, before I start telling you about the brain,
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Prije nego vam počnem pričati o mozgu.
02:43
I want to read for you
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Želim vam pročitati
02:45
what I think is the most powerful love poem on Earth.
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nešto što mislim da je najsnažnija ljubavna pjesma na Zemlji.
02:48
There's other love poems that are, of course, just as good,
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Postoje mnoge druge pjesme koje su, također, jako dobre,
02:50
but I don't think this one can be surpassed.
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ali mislim da se ovu ne može nadmašiti.
02:52
It was told by an anonymous Kwakiutl Indian of southern Alaska
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Izrekao ju je anonimni Kwakutl Indijanac južne Aljaske
02:58
to a missionary in 1896, and here it is.
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misionaru 1896., i evo je.
03:02
I've never had the opportunity to say it before.
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Nisam još nikada imala priliku izgovoriti je.
03:06
"Fire runs through my body with the pain of loving you.
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"Žar prolazi kroz moje tijelo, uz bol moje ljubavi prema tebi.
03:09
Pain runs through my body with the fires of my love for you.
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Bol mi prolazi kroz tijelo, uz žar moje ljubavi prema tebi.
03:14
Pain like a boil about to burst with my love for you,
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Bol koja će eksplodirati od ljubavi prema tebi,
03:17
consumed by fire with my love for you.
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prožeta žarom moje ljubavi za tebe.
03:21
I remember what you said to me.
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Sjećam se što si mi rekla.
03:23
I am thinking of your love for me.
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Mislim o tvojoj ljubavi prema meni.
03:25
I am torn by your love for me.
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Rastrgan sam od tvoje ljubavi.
03:27
Pain and more pain --
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Bol i još više boli,
03:30
where are you going with my love?
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gdje ideš s mojom ljubavi?
03:31
I am told you will go from here.
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Rečeno mi je da ćeš otići odavde.
03:34
I am told you will leave me here.
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Rečeno mi je da ćeš me ostaviti ovdje.
03:35
My body is numb with grief.
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Moje tijelo je umrtvljeno tugom.
03:38
Remember what I said, my love.
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Zapamti što sam ti rekao, moja ljubavi.
03:40
Goodbye, my love, goodbye."
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Zbogom, moja ljubavi, zbogom."
03:44
Emily Dickinson once wrote,
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Emily Dickinson je jednom napisala,
03:46
"Parting is all we need to know of hell."
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"Oproštaj je jedino što moramo znati o paklu."
03:50
How many people have suffered
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Koliko ljudi je patilo
03:52
in all the millions of years of human evolution?
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u milijunima godina ljudske evolucije?
03:56
How many people around the world
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Koliko ljudi u svijetu
03:58
are dancing with elation at this very minute?
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u zanosu pleše baš ove minute?
04:02
Romantic love is one of the most powerful sensations on Earth.
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Romantična ljubav je jedan od najsnažnijih osjećaja na Zemlji.
04:05
So, several years ago, I decided to look into the brain
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Prije nekoliko godina, odlučila sam pogledati u mozak
04:09
and study this madness.
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i proučiti ovo ludilo.
04:13
Our first study of people who were happily in love
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Naše prvo istraživanje o ljudima koji su sretno zaljubljeni
04:15
has been widely publicized,
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je svuda objavljivano,
04:16
so I'm only going to say a very little about it.
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pa ću reći samo nešto kratko o tome.
04:19
We found activity in a tiny, little factory near the base of the brain
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Našli smo aktivnost u maloj tvornici pokraj baze mozga
04:23
called the ventral tegmental area.
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poznatoj kao ventralni tegmentum.
04:25
We found activity in some cells called the A10 cells,
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Našli smo aktivnosti u stanicama koje se zovu ApEn stanice.
04:28
cells that actually make dopamine, a natural stimulant,
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Stanice koje proizvode dopamin, prirodni stimulans,
04:31
and spray it to many brain regions.
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i raspršuju ga po mnogim regijama mozga.
04:33
Indeed, this part, the VTA, is part of the brain's reward system.
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Uistinu, ovaj dio, VTA, dio je sustava nagrade mozga.
04:37
It's way below your cognitive thinking process.
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To je duboko ispod vašeg procesa kognitivnog mišljenja.
04:40
It's below your emotions.
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To je ispod emocija.
04:42
It's part of what we call the reptilian core of the brain,
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To je dio kojeg nazivamo reptilski mozak,
04:45
associated with wanting, with motivation,
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povezan sa željom, s motivacijom,
04:48
with focus and with craving.
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s fokusom i žudnjom.
04:50
In fact, the same brain region where we found activity
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Ustvari, ista regija u kojoj smo pronašli aktivnost
04:53
becomes active also when you feel the rush of cocaine.
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postaje aktivna i kada osjetite navalu kokaina.
04:57
But romantic love is much more than a cocaine high --
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Ali romantična ljubav je mnogo više od kokaina --
05:00
at least you come down from cocaine.
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kokain barem popusti.
05:03
Romantic love is an obsession. It possesses you.
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Romantična ljubav je opsesija. Posjeduje vas.
05:06
You lose your sense of self.
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Izgubite osjećaj sebe.
05:07
You can't stop thinking about another human being.
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Ne možete prestati misliti na drugo ljudsko biće.
05:11
Somebody is camping in your head.
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Netko kampira u vašoj glavi.
05:13
As an eighth-century Japanese poet said,
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Kao što je u osmom stoljeću rekao japanski pjesnik,
05:16
"My longing had no time when it ceases."
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“Moja čežnja nema vremena kada prestane.”
05:19
Wild is love.
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Ljubav je divlja.
05:22
And the obsession can get worse when you've been rejected.
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I opsesija se može pogoršati ako ste odbijeni.
05:25
So, right now, Lucy Brown and I, the neuroscientist on our project,
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Trenutno, Lucy Brown i ja, neuroznanstvenici na našem projektu,
05:30
are looking at the data of the people
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gledamo podatke ljudi
05:32
who were put into the machine after they had just been dumped.
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koji su stavljeni u stroj nakon što su bili ostavljeni.
05:36
It was very difficult actually,
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Zapravo, bilo je jako teško
05:38
putting these people in the machine,
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staviti te ljude u stroj,
05:39
because they were in such bad shape.
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jer su bili u jako lošem stanju.
05:40
(Laughter)
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(smijeh)
05:45
So anyway, we found activity in three brain regions.
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No, mi smo našli aktivnost u tri regije mozga.
05:47
We found activity in the brain region,
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Našli smo aktivnost u regiji mozga
05:50
in exactly the same brain region
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istoj onoj regiji mozga
05:52
associated with intense romantic love.
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povezanom sa snažnom romantičnom ljubavi.
05:54
What a bad deal.
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To je strašno.
05:56
You know, when you've been dumped,
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Znate, kada ste ostavljeni,
05:58
the one thing you love to do is just forget about this human being,
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jedino što želite je zaboraviti na tog čovjeka,
06:00
and then go on with your life --
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i nastaviti sa svojim životom,
06:01
but no, you just love them harder.
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ali ne, volite ga još više.
06:04
As the poet Terence, the Roman poet once said,
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kao što je Terence, rimski pjesnik, jednom rekao,
06:09
he said, "The less my hope, the hotter my love."
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"Što mi je manja nada, ljubav mi je vrelija."
06:11
And indeed, we now know why.
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Uistinu, sada znamo i zašto.
06:14
Two thousand years later, we can explain this in the brain.
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2000 godina poslije, možemo to objasniti u mozgu.
06:17
That brain system -- the reward system
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Taj sustav mozga, sustav nagrade
06:20
for wanting, for motivation, for craving, for focus --
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za želju, motivaciju, žudnju, fokus,
06:24
becomes more active when you can't get what you want.
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postaje aktivniji kada ne možete dobiti što želite.
06:27
In this case, life's greatest prize:
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U ovom slučaju, najveća životna nagrada:
06:29
an appropriate mating partner.
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prikladan partner za razmnožavanje.
06:32
We found activity in other brain regions also --
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Našli smo aktivnost i u ostalim regijama mozga –
06:34
in a brain region associated with calculating gains and losses.
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u regiji mozga povezanoj sa računanjem dobitaka i gubitaka.
06:39
You know, you're lying there, you're looking at the picture,
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Znate, ležite tamo, gledate sliku,
06:41
and you're in this machine,
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u tom ste stroju,
06:42
and you're calculating, you know, what went wrong.
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i računate što je to pošlo krivo?
06:46
How, you know, what have I lost?
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Kako, što sam izgubio?
06:48
As a matter of fact, Lucy and I have a little joke about this.
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Zapravo, Lucy i ja imamo jednu šalu na taj račun.
06:51
It comes from a David Mamet play,
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Dolazi iz predstave Davida Mameta.
06:55
and there's two con artists in the play,
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Tamo su dva glumca varalice,
06:56
and the woman is conning the man,
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žena prevari muškarca,
06:59
and the man looks at the woman and says,
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a muškarac pogleda ženu i kaže
07:00
"Oh, you're a bad pony, I'm not going to bet on you."
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“Ti si jedan zločesti poni, neću se kladiti na tebe.”
07:06
And indeed, it's this part of the brain,
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Zaista, ovaj dio mozga,
07:08
the core of the nucleus accumbens, actually, that is becoming active
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srž nucleus accumbensa, postaje aktivna
07:11
as you're measuring your gains and losses.
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kada mjerimo dobitke i gubitke.
07:13
It's also the brain region that becomes active
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To je i regija mozga koja postaje aktivna
07:16
when you're willing to take enormous risks
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kada ste spremni preuzeti ogromne rizike
07:18
for huge gains and huge losses.
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za veliku dobit ili velike gubitke.
07:21
Last but not least, we found activity in a brain region
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Posljednje, ali ne i najmanje važno, našli smo aktivnost u regiji mozga
07:24
associated with deep attachment to another individual.
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povezanoj s dubokom privrženostii drugoj osobi.
07:29
No wonder people suffer around the world,
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Nije čudo da ljudi pate u cijelom svijetu
07:33
and we have so many crimes of passion.
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i da imamo toliko puno zločina iz strasti.
07:36
When you've been rejected in love,
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Kada ste odbijeni u ljubavi,
07:37
not only are you engulfed with feelings of romantic love,
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ne samo da ste prožeti osjećajima romantične ljubavi,
07:41
but you're feeling deep attachment to this individual.
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nego i osjećate duboku privrženost toj osobi.
07:44
Moreover, this brain circuit for reward is working,
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Štoviše, ovaj moždani sklop za nagradu radi
07:47
and you're feeling intense energy, intense focus,
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i osjećate silnu energiju, silan fokus,
07:51
intense motivation and the willingness to risk it all
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jaku motivaciju i želju da riskirate sve
07:55
to win life's greatest prize.
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kako biste dobili najveću životnu nagradu.
07:59
So, what have I learned from this experiment
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Što sam naučila iz ovog eksperimenta,
08:02
that I would like to tell the world?
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a htjela bih reći svijetu?
08:04
Foremost, I have come to think
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Prvo, mislim da je romantična ljubav nagon,
08:06
that romantic love is a drive, a basic mating drive.
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osnovni nagon razmnožavanja.
08:09
Not the sex drive -- the sex drive gets you out there,
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Ne seksualni nagon – seksualni nagon vas tjera
08:11
looking for a whole range of partners.
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da tražite široki raspon partnera.
08:13
Romantic love enables you to focus your mating energy
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Romantična ljubav omogućuje vam da usmjerite vašu energiju razmnožavanja
08:16
on just one at a time, conserve your mating energy,
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na samog jednog partnera istovremeno, da sačuvate energiju razmnožavanja
08:19
and start the mating process with this single individual.
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i započnete proces razmnožavanja sa samo jednom osobom.
08:22
I think of all the poetry that I've read about romantic love,
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Svu poeziju o romantičnoj ljubavi koju sam pročitala
08:26
what sums it up best is something that is said by Plato,
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najviše sažimlje ono što je Platon rekao
08:30
over 2,000 years ago.
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prije 2000 godina.
08:32
He said, "The god of love lives in a state of need.
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Rekao je “Bog ljubavi živi u stanju potrebe.
08:36
It is a need. It is an urge.
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To je potreba. To je nagon.
08:39
It is a homeostatic imbalance.
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To je homeostatska neravnoteža.
08:42
Like hunger and thirst, it's almost impossible to stamp out."
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Kao glad ili žeđ, nemoguće ju je suzbiti.”
08:46
I've also come to believe that romantic love is an addiction:
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Došla sam do zaključka da je romantična ljubav ovisnost:
08:50
a perfectly wonderful addiction when it's going well,
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savršeno lijepa ovisnost ako sve dobro ide
08:52
and a perfectly horrible addiction when it's going poorly.
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i savršeno užasna ovisnost ako ne ide dobro.
08:56
And indeed, it has all of the characteristics of addiction.
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Uistinu, ima sve karakteristike ovisnosti.
08:59
You focus on the person, you obsessively think about them,
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Fokusirate se na osobu, opsesivno mislite o njoj,
09:02
you crave them, you distort reality,
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žudite za njom, izobličite stvarnost.
09:05
your willingness to take enormous risks to win this person.
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Spremni ste preuzeti ogromne rizike da osvojite tu osobu.
09:08
And it's got the three main characteristics of addiction:
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Postoje tri glavne karakteristike ovisnosti.
09:10
tolerance, you need to see them more, and more, and more;
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Tolerancija – morate ih viđati više, i više, i više –
09:14
withdrawals; and last, relapse.
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kriza sustezanja, i na kraju, relaps.
09:16
I've got a girlfriend who's just getting over a terrible love affair.
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Imam prijateljicu koja upravo pokušava preboljeti užasnu ljubavnu vezu,
09:20
It's been about eight months, she's beginning to feel better.
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prošlo je osam mjeseci, počinje se bolje osjećati.
09:22
And she was driving along in her car the other day,
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Vozila je auto neki dan,
09:25
and suddenly she heard a song on the car radio
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i odjednom je začula pjesmu na radiju
09:27
that reminded her of this man.
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koja ju je podsjetila na tog čovjeka.
09:29
And she -- not only did the instant craving come back,
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Ne samo da se žudnja odmah vratila,
09:32
but she had to pull over
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nego je morala zaustaviti auto
09:34
from the side of the road and cry.
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pokraj ceste i zaplakati.
09:36
So, one thing I would like the medical community,
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Jednu stvar bi htjela da medicinska zajednica,
09:38
and the legal community, and even the college community,
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pravna zajednica i studentska zajednica
09:41
to see if they can understand, that indeed,
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pokušaju shvatiti, a to je,
09:44
romantic love is one of the most addictive substances on Earth.
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romantična ljubav je jedna od najovisnijih tvari na Zemlji.
09:48
I would also like to tell the world that animals love.
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Htjela bi također reći svijetu da životinje isto vole.
09:52
There's not an animal on this planet
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Nema životinje na svijetu koja će
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that will copulate with anything that comes along.
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imati snošaj sa svime što dođe.
09:56
Too old, too young, too scruffy, too stupid, and they won't do it.
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Prestaro, premlado, previše prljavo, preglupo, i s njima neće.
10:01
Unless you're stuck in a laboratory cage --
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Osim ako ih stavite u laboratorijski kavez –
10:04
and you know, if you spend your entire life in a little box,
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znate, ako proživite cijeli život u kutijici,
10:07
you're not going to be as picky about who you have sex with --
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nećete biti baš tako izbirljivi oko toga s kim se parite –
10:11
but I've looked in a hundred species,
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ali pogledala sam stotine vrsta
10:13
and everywhere in the wild, animals have favorites.
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i svagdje u divljini životinje imaju favorite.
10:17
As a matter of fact ethologists know this.
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Etolozi to znaju.
10:19
There are over eight words for what they call "animal favoritism:"
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Postoji preko osam riječi kojima oni nazivaju životinjsku pristranost:
10:23
selective proceptivity, mate choice, female choice, sexual choice.
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selektivna interakcija, izbor parnjaka, ženski izbor, spolni izbor.
10:28
And indeed, there are now three academic articles
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Uistinu, postoje tri akademska članka
10:31
in which they've looked at this attraction,
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u kojima su promatrane te privlačnosti,
10:34
which may only last for a second,
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koje mogu trajati samo sekundu,
10:36
but it's a definite attraction,
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ali to je nedvosmislena privlačnost,
10:37
and either this same brain region, this reward system,
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ili je ista regija mozga, ovaj sustav nagrade,
10:41
or the chemicals of that reward system are involved.
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ili su kemijski proizvodi tog sustava nagrade uključeni.
10:44
In fact, I think animal attraction can be instant --
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Zapravo, mislim da životinjska privlačnost može biti trenutna –
10:47
you can see an elephant instantly go for another elephant.
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možete vidjeti kako slon odmah krene za drugim slonom.
10:50
And I think that this is really the origin
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Mislim da je to podrijetlo
10:52
of what you and I call "love at first sight."
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onoga što vi i ja zovemo "ljubav na prvi pogled."
10:54
People have often asked me whether
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Ljudi me često pitaju
10:59
what I know about love has spoiled it for me.
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je li mi pokvarilo ljubav to sve što znam o njoj.
11:02
And I just simply say, "Hardly."
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Ja im jednostavno kažem – jedva.
11:04
You can know every single ingredient in a piece of chocolate cake,
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Možete znati svaki sastojak u komadiću čokoladne torte,
11:07
and then when you sit down and eat that cake,
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ali kada sjednete i počnete ju jesti,
11:10
you can still feel that joy.
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još uvijek možete osjetiti radost.
11:12
And certainly, I make all the same mistakes
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Ja isto radim iste pogreške
11:14
that everybody else does too,
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kao što svi ostali rade,
11:16
but it's really deepened my understanding
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ali to je produbilo moje razumijevanje
11:20
and compassion, really, for all human life.
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i suosjećanje za ljudski život.
11:24
As a matter of fact, in New York, I often catch myself
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Zapravo, u New Yorku, često se uhvatim
11:27
looking in baby carriages and feeling a little sorry for the tot.
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kako gledam u dječja kolica i bude mi žao tog mališana.
11:31
And in fact, sometimes I feel a little sorry
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Zapravo nekada mi bude malo žao i
11:34
for the chicken on my dinner plate,
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pileta na mom tanjuru,
11:35
when I think of how intense this brain system is.
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kada razmislim kako je intenzivan ovaj moždani sustav.
11:41
Our newest experiment has been hatched
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Naš najnoviji eksperiment je izveo
11:46
by my colleague, Art Aron --
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moj kolega, Art Aron,
11:48
putting people who are reporting that they are still in love,
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stavio je ljude koji su rekli da su još uvijek zaljubljeni,
11:51
in a long-term relationship, into the functional MRI.
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u dugoročnim vezama, u funkcionalnu magnetsku rezonancu.
11:55
We've put five people in so far,
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Stavili smo do sada 5 ljudi
11:57
and indeed, we found exactly the same thing. They're not lying.
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i uistinu našli smo jednaku stvar. Ne lažu.
12:02
The brain areas
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Moždane regije
12:06
associated with intense romantic love
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povezane sa silnom romantičnom ljubavi
12:08
still become active, 25 years later.
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još uvijek su aktivne, 25 godina poslije.
12:12
There are still many questions to be answered
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Postoji još puno pitanja koja moraju biti odgovorena
12:15
and asked about romantic love.
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i pitana o romantičnoj ljubavi.
12:18
The question that I'm working on right this minute --
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Pitanje na kojem trenutno radim,
12:19
and I'm only going to say it for a second, and then end --
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izreći ću ga na sekundu i zatim završiti,
12:22
is, why do you fall in love with one person, rather than another?
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je zašto se zaljubljujete u jednu osobu, a ne u drugu?
12:26
I never would have even thought to think of this,
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Ne bih ni na trenutak to pomislila,
12:29
but Match.com, the Internet-dating site,
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ali Match.com, internetski portal za sparivanje ljudi,
12:31
came to me three years ago and asked me that question.
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došao mi je prije tri godine i pitao me to pitanje.
12:33
And I said, I don't know.
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Rekla sam da ne znam.
12:35
I know what happens in the brain, when you do become in love,
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Znam što se događa u mozgu kada se već zaljubite,
12:38
but I don't know why you fall in love with one person
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ali ne znam zašto se zaljubljujete u jednu osobu,
12:40
rather than another.
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a ne u drugu.
12:41
And so, I've spent the last three years on this.
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Tako sam provela posljednje tri godine radeći na tome.
12:45
And there are many reasons that you fall in love with one person
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Postoji mnogo razloga zašto se zaljubljujete u jednu osobu,
12:47
rather than another, that psychologists can tell you.
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radije nego u neku drugu, to vam psiholozi mogu reći.
12:49
And we tend to fall in love with somebody
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Zaljubljujemo se u nekoga
12:50
from the same socioeconomic background,
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iz iste socioekonomske sredine,
12:53
the same general level of intelligence,
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istog stupnja inteligencije,
12:54
the same general level of good looks,
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istog stupnja fizičkog izgleda,
12:56
the same religious values.
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istih religijskih svjetonazora.
12:58
Your childhood certainly plays a role, but nobody knows how.
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Vaše djetinjstvo svakako igra ulogu, ali nitko ne zna kakvu.
13:01
And that's about it, that's all they know.
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I to je sve, to je sve što znamo.
13:03
No, they've never found the way two personalities
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Ne, nikada nisu našli način na koji dvije osobnosti
13:06
fit together to make a good relationship.
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pašu zajedno i tvore dobru vezu.
13:09
So, it began to occur to me
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Tako mi je postajalo jasno
13:11
that maybe your biology pulls you
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da vas možda vaša biologija odvlači
13:13
towards some people rather than another.
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prema nekim ljudima, a ne prema nekim drugim.
13:16
And I have concocted a questionnaire to see to what degree
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Napravila sam upitnik da vidim do kojeg stupnja
13:20
you express dopamine, serotonin, estrogen and testosterone.
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izražavate dopamin, serotonin, estrogen i testosteron.
13:25
I think we've evolved four very broad personality types
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Mislim da smo napravili 4 vrlo široka tipa osobnosti
13:28
associated with the ratios of these four chemicals in the brain.
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povezanih s omjerima ovih četiriju kemikalija u mozgu.
13:32
And on this dating site that I have created,
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Na stranici za sparivanje ljudi, koju sam stvorila,
13:34
called Chemistry.com, I ask you first a series of questions
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nazvanom Chemistry.com. Pitala sam vas prvo niz pitanja
13:40
to see to what degree you express these chemicals,
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da vidim do koje razine izražavate te hormone,
13:43
and I'm watching who chooses who to love.
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tada gledam tko koga bira za ljubav.
13:47
And 3.7 million people have taken the questionnaire in America.
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3,7 milijuna ljudi je ispunilo upitnike u Americi,
13:50
About 600,000 people have taken it in 33 other countries.
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oko 600,000 ljudi ga je ispunilo u 33 druge zemlje.
13:56
I'm putting the data together now,
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Trenutno prikupljam te podatke,
13:57
and at some point -- there will always be magic to love,
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ali u određenom trenutku– uvijek će biti magično voljeti,
14:00
but I think I will come closer to understanding
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ali mislim da ću doći bliže razumijevanju
14:03
why it is you can walk into a room
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zašto možete ući u jednu prostoriju
14:06
and everybody is from your background,
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i svi su iz istog miljea kao vi,
14:08
your same general level of intelligence,
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istog stupnja inteligencije,
14:10
your same general level of good looks,
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istog stupnja fizičkog izgleda,
14:11
and you don't feel pulled towards all of them.
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ali vas svejedno ne privlače.
14:14
I think there's biology to that.
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Mislim da tu postoji biologija.
14:16
I think we're going to end up, in the next few years,
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Mislim da ćemo u sljedećih nekoliko godina
14:19
to understand all kinds of brain mechanisms
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uspjeti razumjeti svakakve moždane mehanizme
14:21
that pull us to one person rather than another.
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koji nas privlače jednoj osobi, a ne drugoj.
14:24
So, I will close with this. These are my older people.
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Završit ću s ovim. Ovo su stariji ljudi.
14:30
Faulkner once said, "The past is not dead,
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Faulkner je rekao, “Prošlost nije mrtva,
14:33
it's not even the past."
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nije čak još ni prošlost.”
14:34
Indeed, we carry a lot of luggage
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Uistinu, nosimo puno tereta
14:37
from our yesteryear in the human brain.
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iz naših prošlih godina u našem mozgu.
14:40
And so, there's one thing
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Postoji jedna stvar
14:41
that makes me pursue my understanding of human nature,
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koja me tjera da shvatim ljudsku prirodu
14:48
and this reminds me of it.
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i ovo me podsjeća na to.
14:50
These are two women.
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Ovo su dvije žene.
14:51
Women tend to get intimacy differently than men do.
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Žene stvaraju prisnost drugačije nego muškarci.
14:54
Women get intimacy from face-to-face talking.
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Žene stvaraju prisnost pričajući dok su okrenute licem u lice.
14:56
We swivel towards each other,
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Okrećemo se jedna prema drugoj,
14:58
we do what we call the "anchoring gaze" and we talk.
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radimo ono što zovemo "sidrenje pogleda" i pričamo.
15:02
This is intimacy to women.
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To je intimnost za žene.
15:04
I think it comes from millions of years
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Mislim da to dolazi od milijuna godina
15:05
of holding that baby in front of your face,
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držanja onog djeteta ispred svog lica,
15:07
cajoling it, reprimanding it, educating it with words.
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tepajući mu, pričajući, obrazujući ga riječima.
15:10
Men tend to get intimacy from side-by-side doing.
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Muškarci stvaraju prisnost sjedeći jedan pokraj drugog.
15:14
(Laughter)
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(smijeh)
15:15
As soon as one guy looks up, the other guy will look away.
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Čim jedan pogleda prema gore, drugi će pogledat u stranu.
15:18
(Laughter)
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(smijeh
15:20
I think it comes from millions of years
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Mislim da to dolazi od milijuna godina
15:22
of standing behind that -- sitting behind the bush,
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stajanja iza – sjedenja iza grma,
15:25
looking straight ahead,
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gledanja naprijed,
15:27
trying to hit that buffalo on the head with a rock.
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pokušaja udaranja tog bizona u glavu sa kamenom.
15:29
(Laughter)
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(smijeh)
15:30
I think, for millions of years, men faced their enemies,
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Mislim da su se milijunima godina muškarci morali suočiti sa svojim neprijateljima,
15:32
they sat side by side with friends.
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ali su sjedili pokraj svojih prijatelja.
15:35
So my final statement is: love is in us.
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Moja završna izjava je: ljubav je u nama.
15:39
It's deeply embedded in the brain.
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Duboko je usađena u mozak.
15:42
Our challenge is to understand each other. Thank you.
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Naš je izazov razumjeti jedni druge. Hvala.
15:45
(Applause)
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(pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Helen Fisher - Anthropologist, expert on loveAnthropologist Helen Fisher studies gender differences and the evolution of human emotions. She’s best known as an expert on romantic love.
Why you should listen
Fisher's several books lay bare the mysteries of our most treasured emotion: its evolution, its biochemical foundations and its vital importance to human society. Fisher describes love as a universal human drive (stronger than the sex drive; stronger than thirst or hunger; stronger perhaps than the will to live), and her many areas of inquiry shed light on timeless human mysteries like why we choose one partner over another. Her classic study, Anatomy of Love, first published in 1992, has just been re-issued in a fully updated edition, including her recent neuroimaging research on lust, romantic love and attachment as well as discussions of sexting, hooking up, friends with benefits, other contemporary trends in courtship and marriage, and a dramatic current trend she calls “slow love.”
Helen Fisher | Speaker | TED.com