Gautam Bhan: A bold plan to house 100 million people
गौतम भान: दहा कोटी लोकांना घर मिळवून देण्याची एक महत्वाकांक्षी योजना
Gautam Bhan studies how cities produce and reproduce poverty and inequality. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
Chennai or Kolkata,
one great thing in common,
शहरांचे एक विशेष असते
गावातून आलेल्या लोकांचे
smaller places arriving in search of work.
खूपच परिणाम होतो
this warm welcome leads to consequences.
in these cities are born.
तज्ञ आणि संशोधक डॉ गौतम भान आले आहेत.
expert and researcher: Dr. Gautam Bhan,
एक मार्ग दिसत राहतो
to this increasing problem.
प्रतिमा त्यांना दिसत राहते
of urban India that he can see.
डॉ गौतम भान यांचे स्वागत आहे.
welcomes Dr. Gautam Bhan.
जर आपण कोणाला विचारले असते
until a few years ago,
Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata.
कोणाची कधी मुल्स्थाने नव्हती.
nobody was from a city;
दुसऱ्या ठिकाणी झाला असता
आयुष्य भर रोजगारी केली असती
to a city for progress.
आपला जन्म शहरात च झाला असतो
you were born in the city itself.
साठी जागा शोधात असता
for an accommodation in the city,
भाड्याने घेण्यासाठी
short of at least 20 million homes.
that's 100 million people.
(bedroom hall kitchen).
दहा ते पंधरा हजार असते.
10 to 15,000 rupees per month.
स्वस्त घर मिळेल ?
an affordable home in this budget?
what would you do?
or some sort of jewellery.
किंवा भाड्याचे घर मिळाले नाही.
in a city to either buy or rent,
बहूतेक सर्व लोकं करतात.
what most people end up doing.
मी पण त्याला वस्ती च म्हणेन
जी त्यांनी स्वतः बनवली आहेत.
are in settlements.
स्वस्ताईची खरी कथा
of an affordable home in India.
परंतु राहण्या योग्य नाहीत
but not sturdy.
परंतु स्वस्त नाहीत
but not cheap.
आपल्याला येथूनच करावी लागेल
of a new thought from here itself.
it is a solution.
राहण्या योग्य बनवायचे आहे
of 20 million homes
कमी करण्या साठी
नवीन घरे नाही बनवू शकत
25 square foot flats,
कर्नाटक सरकार चे उदाहरण घ्या
कृती अतिशय योग्य समजली जाते
२६ लाख घरांची गरज आहे
2.6 million homes.
घरे बनवली गेली आहेत
to make 350,000 homes.
with complete sincerity,
सरकार ने प्रयत्न केले
भरून काढू शकणार नाहीत.
in the next couple of lifetimes.
in progress in the past,
the laborers who build and run the city
जमिनीवर अतिक्रमण केल्याने बनत असते
on illegally captured land,
रात्रीच्या अंधारात होत नाही
in the dead of the night.
to the government or not,
चाळीस वर्षापासून वसवल्या गेल्या आहेत
there for over 10, 20, 30, even 40 years.
illegally captured land is this,
आधी ती बेकायदेशीर ठरवली जाते.
is declared illegal?
लोक वस्त्यांमधून राहतात
15 to 60 percent of a city's population
or maximum ten percent of the land.
या वस्त्या वापर करतात
जमिनीवर पण हक्क नाही ?
a right over this small bit of land?
by the cost of its land.
जमिनींच्या किमतीवर ठरवला जातो
किंमत कशी मोजणार आपण ?
of a person living on a piece of land?
चमकदार घर मागत नाहीये
for shiny homes;
पाणी, शौचालये, सांडपाणी निचरा व्यवस्था
toilets and drainage.
इंग्लिश मध्ये त्याला Upgradation म्हणतात.
कि त्या हटवल्या जाणार नाहीत
promised there wouldn't be any eviction.
व्यवहार झाला नाही
were provided to them.
.लक्षणीय जागा बनली, एक संसार बनली
a locality, a place, a world of its own.
even a single new home.
राष्ट्रीय पातळीवर चालवला
at national scale,
एक लाख लोकांना त्याचा फायदा झाला.
to live over that land.
but the right to live there,
आहे कि प्रगती साधण्याकरिता
that to move forward,
बनवण्याचा विचार च पुढे न्यायाचा आहे
to make settlements secure and sturdy.
आपल्या मनामध्ये
need to look deep within
and apprehensions that we have.
मी नसायला पहिजे होतो.
here in front of you today.
हवी होती जी वस्ती वासावते आणि तिथे राहते.
there should be standing here.
तर तुम्ही तिचे ऐकले नसते
you wouldn't have listened to him.
कि मी त्या वस्ती मधला नाहीये
I am not from a settlement.
that needs to be changed.
खूप खूप धन्यवाद !
Thank you, Dr. Gautam Bhan.
चे उदाहरण आम्हाला दिलेत
an example of Thailand
हि घरे विकता येणार नाहीत.
to settle in, not to sell.
आहे ? असा कुठला कार्यक्रम आहे ?
or program in our country too,
हे घडते काय?
and those of people around you?
हक्कांकरिता लढत असतात.
who are fighting for rights in the city.
जे ते स्वतः लढत असतात.
त्यांनी हाच कार्यक्रम जाहीर केला आहे
announced the same scheme:
लोकांना त्यांच्या जमिनीवर हक्क मिळेल.
will have rights over that land.
त्याला लोकप्रिय नीती म्हणले जाऊ नये.
shouldn't be called populism;
development strategy.
वरून नाही तर खालून होत असते
happen from the top, but from the bottom.
असाच उच्चार करेन झोपडपट्टी म्हणणार नाही
and not slums, ever again. 100 percent.
आम्हाला बरेच काही चांगले सांगितलेत
wonderful things.
as I am a terrible singer.
कारण मला गाता येत नाही
मला हि गाता येत नाही
because we are saying wonderful things.
कारण तुम्ही खूप चांगले बोलत आहात
बसते बसते बस जायेगी इस दिल कि बस्ती
with love and fun times.
Thank you.
धन्यवाद ! अतिशय धन्यवाद
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Gautam Bhan - UrbanistGautam Bhan studies how cities produce and reproduce poverty and inequality.
Why you should listen
Gautam Bhan's work is based in and emerges from particular cities that for a long time were thought to be "peripheral" -- Delhi, Mumbai, Cairo, Lagos, Jakarta and Johannesburg -- cities of what is sometimes today called the "global south." He feels passionate about producing knowledge not just about these cities but doing so from them. For too long, he says, "Southern cities have been places for others to come and fix, rather than places with their own ways of getting things done that work for us."
Bhan believes that urbanization in the global south is one of the most profound challenges of the 21st century. It's in these cities that many of the battles of sustainability and equity will either be won or lost. He found his way to these questions in his own city -- New Delhi -- through forced evictions, the brutal demolition of the homes of the city's poorest who lived in informal settlements that brought him to his work on housing and the right to the city. His research is informed by his own political engagement both as an anti-eviction activist as well as someone working with the government to prevent evictions from occurring in the first place.
Bhan teaches as the Indian Institute for Human Settlements in Bangalore, a new educational institution that shares his intent of bringing together teaching, research and practice on the city as well as producing knowledge from the south. In 2017, he authored In the Public’s Interest: Evictions, Citizenship and Inequality in Contemporary Delhi (Orient Blackswan/University of Georgia Press), as well as co-edited the Routledge Companion to Planning in the Global South (Routledge). He writes as much publicly as academically and is a frequent columnist in Indian newspapers, blogs and online. He is also the co-founder of New Text, and he's deeply involved in sexuality rights movements in India.
Gautam Bhan | Speaker | TED.com