Gautam Bhan: A bold plan to house 100 million people
高塔姆布: 供應一億人住房的大膽計畫
Gautam Bhan studies how cities produce and reproduce poverty and inequality. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
清奈或加爾各答,
Chennai or Kolkata,
one great thing in common,
smaller places arriving in search of work.
從小地方來找工作的人。
溫暖歡迎是會有後果的。
this warm welcome leads to consequences.
in these cities are born.
住房的問題就產生了。
expert and researcher: Dr. Gautam Bhan,
和研究者,高塔姆布博士,
to this increasing problem.
他正在重新思考解決方案。
of urban India that he can see.
他看見的印度都市寫照。
welcomes Dr. Gautam Bhan.
歡迎高塔姆布博士。
until a few years ago,
直到幾年前,
Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata.
孟買、加爾各答。
nobody was from a city;
都沒有人是來自城市的;
to a city for progress.
you were born in the city itself.
for an accommodation in the city,
short of at least 20 million homes.
that's 100 million people.
(bedroom hall kitchen).
(臥房、客廳、廚房)。
10 to 15,000 rupees per month.
盧比的人需要的住房。
an affordable home in this budget?
負擔得起的住房嗎?
what would you do?
or some sort of jewellery.
in a city to either buy or rent,
what most people end up doing.
are in settlements.
of an affordable home in India.
but not sturdy.
but not cheap.
of a new thought from here itself.
it is a solution.
of 20 million homes
25 square foot flats,
25 平方英尺的平房,
2.6 million homes.
會需要 260 萬間住家。
to make 350,000 homes.
想辦法產出了 35 萬間住家。
with complete sincerity,
in the next couple of lifetimes.
in progress in the past,
the laborers who build and run the city
擁有該城市之土地的權力。
on illegally captured land,
in the dead of the night.
to the government or not,
there for over 10, 20, 30, even 40 years.
10、20、30,甚至 40 年之久了。
illegally captured land is this,
突然宣佈是非法的?
is declared illegal?
15 to 60 percent of a city's population
城市中 15%~60% 的人口,
1%、2%,最多 10%。
or maximum ten percent of the land.
a right over this small bit of land?
這麼小小一塊地的權力嗎?
by the cost of its land.
用其土地的成本來測量。
of a person living on a piece of land?
人命成本要如何計算?
for shiny homes;
toilets and drainage.
promised there wouldn't be any eviction.
在十年內都不會進行任何驅逐。
were provided to them.
a locality, a place, a world of its own.
一個地區、一個地方、一個世界。
even a single new home.
建立任何一間新住所。
at national scale,
to live over that land.
住在那塊土地上的權利。
but the right to live there,
而是居住在那裡的權利,
that to move forward,
to make settlements secure and sturdy.
更安全、更堅固,才能讓我們進步。
need to look deep within
不尊重,以及擔心憂慮。
and apprehensions that we have.
here in front of you today.
站在各位面前的人不應該是我。
there should be standing here.
you wouldn't have listened to him.
你們也不會聽他說。
I am not from a settlement.
我不是來自定居處的人。
that needs to be changed.
Thank you, Dr. Gautam Bhan.
高塔姆布博士。
an example of Thailand
to settle in, not to sell.
不是銷售用的。
or program in our country too,
是否有在我們的國家裡
and those of people around you?
who are fighting for rights in the city.
而奮戰的人民運動所鼓舞的。
announced the same scheme:
宣佈了同樣的方案:
will have rights over that land.
都有那塊土地的權利。
shouldn't be called populism;
被稱為是民粹主義;
development strategy.
happen from the top, but from the bottom.
從上位開始的,而是從基層。
and not slums, ever again. 100 percent.
不會說貧民窟這詞。
wonderful things.
很多很棒的內容。
as I am a terrible singer.
因為我很不會唱歌。
because we are saying wonderful things.
因為我們說了很棒的內容。
with love and fun times.
生命才會充滿愛和歡樂時光。
高塔姆布博士。謝謝。
Thank you.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Gautam Bhan - UrbanistGautam Bhan studies how cities produce and reproduce poverty and inequality.
Why you should listen
Gautam Bhan's work is based in and emerges from particular cities that for a long time were thought to be "peripheral" -- Delhi, Mumbai, Cairo, Lagos, Jakarta and Johannesburg -- cities of what is sometimes today called the "global south." He feels passionate about producing knowledge not just about these cities but doing so from them. For too long, he says, "Southern cities have been places for others to come and fix, rather than places with their own ways of getting things done that work for us."
Bhan believes that urbanization in the global south is one of the most profound challenges of the 21st century. It's in these cities that many of the battles of sustainability and equity will either be won or lost. He found his way to these questions in his own city -- New Delhi -- through forced evictions, the brutal demolition of the homes of the city's poorest who lived in informal settlements that brought him to his work on housing and the right to the city. His research is informed by his own political engagement both as an anti-eviction activist as well as someone working with the government to prevent evictions from occurring in the first place.
Bhan teaches as the Indian Institute for Human Settlements in Bangalore, a new educational institution that shares his intent of bringing together teaching, research and practice on the city as well as producing knowledge from the south. In 2017, he authored In the Public’s Interest: Evictions, Citizenship and Inequality in Contemporary Delhi (Orient Blackswan/University of Georgia Press), as well as co-edited the Routledge Companion to Planning in the Global South (Routledge). He writes as much publicly as academically and is a frequent columnist in Indian newspapers, blogs and online. He is also the co-founder of New Text, and he's deeply involved in sexuality rights movements in India.
Gautam Bhan | Speaker | TED.com