Mennat El Ghalid: How fungi recognize (and infect) plants
Mennat El Ghalid: Hoe schimmels planten herkennen (en besmetten)
Mennat El Ghalid research aims to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying fungal biology and pathogenicity. Full bio
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counting nearly four billion trees,
bijna 4 miljard bomen,
by a fungal infection.
door een schimmelinfectie.
pathogens of plants,
destructieve plantenpathogenen,
economic importance.
van groot economisch belang.
with fungal infection
per year, worldwide?
per jaar worden geschat?
to feed half a billion people.
om een half miljard mensen te voeden.
in developing countries,
in de ontwikkelingslanden,
for farmers and distributors,
voor boeren en distributeurs,
poison produced by fungi.
aan mycotoxinen, gifstoffen uit schimmels.
ter voorkoming en behandeling
used to prevent and treat
exploiting natural sources of resistance,
van natuurlijke bronnen van weerstand,
treatment, among others,
onder andere,
to develop more efficient strategies
efficiëntere strategieën ontwikkelen.
to identify biological mechanisms
biologische mechanismen te identificeren
by novel antifungal treatments.
behandelingen kunnen worden gericht.
is that they cannot move
dat ze niet kunnen bewegen
uitgroeien tot een verfijnd netwerk,
to form a sophisticated network,
the father of plant pathology,
de vader van de plantenpathologie,
that fungi are guided by signals
schimmels geleid werden door signalen
it can lodge and subsist,
ernaartoe groeien, ze bereiken
en koloniseren.
of such signals
van dergelijke signalen
that then serves to elaborate strategy
een strategie kon worden ontwikkeld
between the fungus and the plant.
en de plant te blokkeren.
method at that moment
methode op dat moment
this mechanism at the molecular level.
te identificeren.
genomic approaches,
mutationele genomische benaderingen
om gerichte hyfengroei te meten,
of directed hyphal growth,
vertellen dat na 130 jaar
that after 130 years,
could finally identify such plant signals
dergelijke plantensignalen
between a pathogenic fungus
tussen een pathogene schimmel,
the tomato plant.
de tomatenplant.
de schimmelreceptor beschrijven
receiving those signals
occurring within the fungus
die optreedt in de schimmel
toward the plant.
of such molecular processes
moleculaire processen
novel antifungal treatments.
schimmeldodende behandelingen te creëren.
the fungus and the plant
which receives those signals.
de schimmel die deze signalen krijgt.
agriculture crops.
landbouwgewassen verwoest.
is increasing significantly.
van gewassen aanzienlijk toeneemt.
economic development,
bevolkingsgroei, economische ontwikkeling,
naar biobrandstoffen.
of the molecular mechanism
a fungus and its host plant,
en de waardplant,
towards developing more efficient strategy
van efficiëntere strategie
bij planten te bestrijden.
that affect people's lives,
die het leven van mensen beïnvloeden,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mennat El Ghalid - MycologistMennat El Ghalid research aims to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying fungal biology and pathogenicity.
Why you should listen
Mycologist Mennat El Ghalid received an Initial Training Networks - Marie Skłodowska-Curie fellowship to pursue her PhD project in the Molecular Genetics of Fungal Pathogenicity Unit and the International Campus of Excellence in Agrifood CeiA3 at the Universidad de Cordoba (Spain). During her PhD, her former team and herself identified the compounds secreted from the plant roots attracting Fusarium oxysporum, a soilborne plant pathogenic fungus and characterized the underlying mechanisms of attraction. Such compounds were tracked since the 19th century. The discovery was published in the Nature Journal.
El Ghalid became a TED Fellow in 2017 and have been selected as one of the 100 women honorees for OkayAfrica's 2018 #OKAY100Women list for her dedicated work and for being a promising talent within the field of STEM. She is currently working at Institut Pasteur (France) in the Biology and Pathogenicity Unit to study Candida albicans, an opportunistic pathogenic fungus and the main cause of fungal infections in immunocompromised humans.
Mennat El Ghalid | Speaker | TED.com