Eugenia Cheng: An unexpected tool for understanding inequality: abstract math
Eugenia Cheng: Een onverwacht middel om ongelijkheid te begrijpen: abstracte wiskunde
Eugenia Cheng devotes her life to mathematics, the piano and helping people. Full bio
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with divisive arguments,
bigotry, blame, shouting
onverdraagzaamheid, verwijten, geschreeuw
that we are doomed to take sides,
gedoemd zijn om partij te kiezen,
like a race to the bottom,
als een race naar de bodem,
somebody else's privilege
van anderen aanhaalt
are the most hard-done-by person
dat zij er het ergst aan toe zijn.
onbegrijpelijke wereld begrijpen?
this confusing world of ours,
van deze verwarrende wereld van ons,
is like the theory of maths,
de theorie van de wiskunde,
to real problems like building bridges
dient voor echte problemen,
en het vliegen van vliegtuigen
that pure maths applies directly
over hoe zuivere wiskunde
op ons dagelijkse leven
to help me with my daily life,
om mij te helpen in mijn dagelijkse leven,
to help me understand arguments
om me argumenten te helpen begrijpen
with the entire human world.
met de hele menselijke wereld.
the entire human world,
over de hele menselijke wereld,
that you might think of
als irrelevante schoolwiskunde:
by thinking about the factors of 30.
with bad memories of school maths lessons,
aan schoolwiskunde,
school maths lessons boring, too.
want ik vond schoolwiskunde ook saai.
to take this in a direction
from what happened at school.
dan wat er op school gebeurde.
We'll work them out.
We werken het uit.
in a straight line.
are also factors of each other
ook factoren van elkaar zijn,
a bit like a family tree,
like a kind of great-grandparent.
als een soort overgrootouder.
is not divisible by three,
in a straight line.
There's a hierarchy going on.
Er zit een hiërarchie in.
two, three and five,
except one and themselves.
door 1 en zichzelf.
dat het priemgetallen zijn.
this means they're prime.
we have six, 10 and 15,
vinden we 6, 10 en 15,
of two prime factors.
van twee priemgetallen.
of three prime numbers --
van drie priemgetallen --
using those numbers instead.
met deze getallen hertekenen.
two, three and five at the top,
at the next level,
op het volgende niveau,
at the next level
op het daaropvolgende niveau
losing one of your numbers in the set.
van één van je getallen in de verzameling.
what those numbers are.
wat die getallen zijn.
something like A, B and C instead,
door iets als A, B en C,
becomes very widely applicable,
three types of privilege:
drie soorten privileges kunnen worden:
we have rich white people.
hebben we dan rijke witte mensen.
of those types of privilege.
zonder die privileges.
the rest of the adjectives for emphasis.
om het te beklemtonen.
non-male people,
niet-mannelijke mensen
niet-binaire mensen in op te nemen.
nonbinary people we need to include.
with the least privilege,
niet-mannelijke mensen.
of factors of 30
van factoren van 30
of different types of privilege.
van verschillende soorten privileges.
we can learn from this diagram, I think.
kunnen leren van dit diagram, denk ik.
a direct loss of one type of privilege.
een verlies van één privilege weergeeft.
that white privilege means
dat 'wit privilege' betekent
dan alle niet-witte mensen.
than all nonwhite people.
black sports stars and say,
zwarte sporters en zeggen:
White privilege doesn't exist."
Wit privilege bestaat niet."
of white privilege says.
van witte privileges zegt.
had all the same characteristics
dezelfde kenmerken hadden
to be better off in society.
beter af waren in de maatschappij.
we can understand from this diagram
uit dit diagram kunnen opmaken
where people have two types of privilege,
met mensen met twee soorten privileges,
that they're not all particularly equal.
dat ze niet echt gelijk zijn.
are probably much better off in society
veel beter af in de samenleving
waarschijnlijk ergens tussenin.
somewhere in between.
er verder mee gaan
between those two middle levels.
tussen de twee middelste niveaus.
might well be better off in society
misschien beter af zijn in de samenleving
examples, like Michelle Obama,
than poor, white, unemployed homeless men.
dan arme, witte, werkloze, dakloze mannen.
is more skewed like this.
nog schever dan dit.
of privilege in the diagram
van privileges in het diagram
that people experience in society.
dat mensen ervaren in de maatschappij.
why some poor white men
waarom sommige arme witte mannen
in this cuboid of privilege,
in deze kubus van privileges,
they don't actually feel the effect of it.
voelen ze niet direct het effect ervan.
the root of that anger
van de oorzaak van die woede
than just being angry at them in return.
ook boos op hen te zijn.
can also help us switch contexts
kan ook helpen om contexten te verwisselen
are at the top in different contexts.
in verschillende contexten.
our attention to non-men,
beperken tot niet-mannen,
non-men are at the top.
niet-mannen aan de top.
a whole context of women,
naar een hele context van vrouwen,
could now be rich, white and cisgendered.
nu rijk, wit en cisgendered kunnen worden.
that your gender identity does match
dat je genderidentiteit overeenkomt
kreeg toegewezen bij je geboorte.
occupy the analogous situation
de analoge situatie bezetten
in broader society.
in de bredere samenleving.
why there is so much anger
waarom er zo veel woede is
of the feminist movement at the moment,
van de feministische beweging,
to seeing themselves as underprivileged
zichzelf als kansarm zien
they are relative to nonwhite women.
zijn vergeleken met niet-witte vrouwen.
structuren gebruiken
to help us pivot between situations
perspectieven te zien
and less privileged.
en minder bevoorrecht dan de ander.
that as an Asian person,
the most privileged of nonwhite people,
bevoorrechte niet-witte mensen ben
between those two contexts.
vanuit twee perspectieven te zien.
who don't have to work.
die niet hoeven te werken.
situation to be in
die het echt moeilijk hebben,
or working at minimum wage.
of voor het minimumloon werken.
from other people's points of view,
van anderen te leren begrijpen
possibly surprising conclusion:
mogelijk verrassende conclusie:
is highly relevant to our daily lives
zeer relevant is in ons dagelijkse leven
and empathize with other people.
te begrijpen en ons in hen in te leven.
to understand other people more
om andere mensen beter te begrijpen
dat ze ongelijk hebben.
mathematical thinking
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Eugenia Cheng - Mathematician, pianistEugenia Cheng devotes her life to mathematics, the piano and helping people.
Why you should listen
Dr. Eugenia Cheng quit her tenured academic job for a portfolio career as a research mathematician, educator, author, columnist, public speaker, artist and pianist. Her aim is to rid the world of math phobia and develop, demonstrate and advocate for the role of mathematics in addressing issues of social justice.
Her first popular math book, How to Bake Pi, was published by Basic Books in 2015 to widespread acclaim including from the New York Times, National Geographic, Scientific American, and she was interviewed around the world including on the BBC, NPR and The Late Show with Stephen Colbert. Her second book, Beyond Infinity was published in 2017 and was shortlisted for the Royal Society Insight Investment ScienceBook Prize. Her most recent book, The Art of Logic in an Illogical World, was published in 2018 and was praised in the Guardian.
Cheng was an early pioneer of math on YouTube, and her most viewed video, about math and bagels, has been viewed more than 18 million times to date. She has also assisted with mathematics in elementary schools and high schools for 20 years. Cheng writes the "Everyday Math" column for the Wall Street Journal, is a concert pianist and founded the Liederstube, a not-for-profit organization in Chicago bringing classical music to a wider audience. In 2017 she completed her first mathematical art commission, for Hotel EMC2 in Chicago; her second was installed in 2018 in the Living Architecture exhibit at 6018 North.
Cheng is Scientist In Residence at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago and won tenure in Pure Mathematics at the University of Sheffield, UK. She is now Honorary Fellow at the University of Sheffield and Honorary Visiting Fellow at City University, London. She has previously taught at the universities of Cambridge, Chicago and Nice and holds a PhD in pure mathematics from the University of Cambridge. Her research is in the field of Category Theory, and to date she has published 16 research papers in international journals.
You can learn more about her in this in-depth biographic interview on the BBC's Life Scientific.
Eugenia Cheng | Speaker | TED.com