Lauren Sallan: How to win at evolution and survive a mass extinction
Lauren Sallan: Jak wygrać ewolucję i przetrwać masowe wymieranie
TED Fellow Lauren Sallan is a paleobiologist using big data analytics to reveal how macroevolution, or evolution happens at the largest scales, happens. Full bio
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greatest winners --
zwycięzców w historii,
four billion years in the making.
trwającej 4 miliardy lat.
who have ever lived,
gatunków na Ziemi,
of golden opportunities
of your co-winners and relatives.
współ-zwycięzców i krewnych.
who uses big data --
i używam ważnych danych,
aby dowiedzieć się,
and others lose.
wygrywają a inne nie.
of beautiful fish fossils,
mnóstwo pięknych skamielin ryb,
number of ugly, broken fossils,
brzydkich, popękanych skamielin,
for evolutionary patterns.
500 milionów lat modeli ewolucji.
ukazać we współrzędnych,
major pathways of change
of the winners and losers
I discovered using fossil data.
odkryłam pracując z danymi o skamielinach.
as the last dinosaur --
ostatniego dinozaura,
with razor-edge jaws dominated
ostrymi jak brzytwa przeważały
with arm bones in their fins.
ramienia w płetwach.
across the sea floor.
of salmon and tuna
łańcucha pokarmowego.
lived offshore in fear.
żyła w strachu na otwartym morzu.
the tetrapods,
w pobliżu tropikalnych rzek.
359 million years ago:
359 milionów lat temu:
and swept away.
został zakłócony i zmieciony
that's the end of the story.
the meek inherited the earth,
łagodni odziedziczyli Ziemię
came from many groups --
to bottom-feeder,
over the next several million years
przez następne miliony lat
should have had an advantage.
mieli przewagę.
and biding their time.
i czekając na lepsze czasy.
popadli w zapomnienie.
sharks and four-legged tetrapods
rekinów i czworonogów
dying young,
and reproducing rapidly.
and weird bodies.
for their 60,000 living species,
żyjących gatunków,
przez przypadkowe zdarzenia
evolutionary pathways.
alternatywne, rozwojowe ścieżki.
w chodzące martwe ryby.
repeat across time.
powtarzają się na przestrzeni czasu.
upon thousands of dead fishes,
ma tysiące martwych ryb,
through mass extinction,
podczas masowego wymierania
will not just replace what was lost,
nie zastąpią po prostu strat,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Lauren Sallan - PaleobiologistTED Fellow Lauren Sallan is a paleobiologist using big data analytics to reveal how macroevolution, or evolution happens at the largest scales, happens.
Why you should listen
Lauren Sallan uses the vast fossil record of fishes as a deep time database, mining to find out why some species persist and diversify while others die off. She has used these methods to discover the lost, largest, "sixth" mass extinction of vertebrates; the end-Devonian Hangenberg event (359 million years ago), reveal how fish heads changed first during their rise to dominance; test why some species thrive after global disruptions while others flounder; and show how invasions by new predators can shift prey diversity at global scales.
Sallan is the Martin Meyerson Assistant Professor in Interdisciplinary Studies at the University of Pennsylvania, based in the Department Earth and Environmental Science, and became a TED Fellow in 2017. Her research has been published in Science, PNAS and Current Biology. It has also been featured in the New York Times, The Chicago Tribune, Forbes, the New Scientist, the Discovery Channel and the recent popular science book, The Ends of the World by Peter Brannen.
Lauren Sallan | Speaker | TED.com