TED2013
Richard Turere: My invention that made peace with lions
Richard Turere: Môj vynález, ktorý vytvoril mier s levmi
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V komunite Masai, kde 13-ročný Richard Turere žije, je dobytok veľmi dôležitý. Lenže útoky levov boli čoraz častejšie. V tejto krátkej, inšpirujúcej reči, nám mladý vynálezca povie, ako jeho slnkom poháňané riešenie, ktoré sám vymyslel, dokáže bezpečne odplašiť levy.
Richard Turere - Inventor
Young inventor Richard Turere invented "lion lights," an elegant way to protect his family's cattle from lion attacks. Full bio
Young inventor Richard Turere invented "lion lights," an elegant way to protect his family's cattle from lion attacks. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
This is where I live. I live in Kenya,
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Toto je miesto, kde bývam. Žijem v Keni,
00:15
at the south parts of the Nairobi National Park.
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v južnej časti Národného parku Nairobi.
00:18
Those are my dad's cows at the back,
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To v pozadí sú kravy môjho otca
00:20
and behind the cows,
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a za kravami
00:22
that's the Nairobi National Park.
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je Národný park Nairobi.
00:25
Nairobi National Park is not fenced in the south widely,
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Národný park Nairobi
nie je oplotený na juhu, kde žijem.
nie je oplotený na juhu, kde žijem.
00:28
which means wild animals like zebras
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To znamená, že divoké zvieratá, ako sú zebry,
00:32
migrate out of the park freely.
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migrujú voľne z parku von.
00:35
So predators like lions follow them,
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Takže predátori, ako napríklad levy, ich nasledujú.
00:39
and this is what they do.
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A robia toto.
00:42
They kill our livestock.
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Zabíjajú náš dobytok.
00:45
This is one of the cows which was killed at night,
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Toto je jedna z kráv, ktorá bola zabitá v noci.
00:48
and I just woke up in the morning and I found it dead,
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Ráno, keď som sa zobudil, našiel som ju mŕtvu.
00:52
and I felt so bad,
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Cítil som sa hrozne.
00:54
because it was the only bull we had.
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Pretože to bol jediný býk, ktorého sme mali.
00:59
My community, the Maasai, we believe that
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V mojej komunite Maasai veríme,
01:01
we came from heaven with all our animals and all the land
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že sme prišli z neba so všetkými
zvieratami a zemou na to,
zvieratami a zemou na to,
01:08
for herding them, and that's why we value them so much.
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aby sme ich opatrovali.
Preto si ich veľmi ceníme.
Preto si ich veľmi ceníme.
01:11
So I grew up hating lions so much.
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Preto som vyrastal s nenávisťou voči levom.
01:15
The morans are the warriors
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Morania sú bojovníci,
01:18
who protect our community and the livestock,
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ktorí chránia našu komunitu a dobytok.
01:21
and they're also upset about this problem.
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A pre tento problém sú veľmi nahnevaní.
01:25
So they kill the lions.
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Preto zabíjajú levy.
01:28
It's one of the six lions which were killed in Nairobi.
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Toto je jeden zo šiestich levov, ktoré boli zabité v Nairobi.
01:31
And I think this is why the Nairobi National Park lions are few.
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Myslím si, že práve preto je
v Národnom parku Nairobi tak málo levov.
v Národnom parku Nairobi tak málo levov.
01:36
So a boy, from six to nine years old, in my community
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Chlapec vo veku šesť až deväť rokov
01:41
is responsible for his dad's cows,
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je v našej komunite zodpovedný za kravy svojho otca.
01:44
and that's the same thing which happened to me.
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A to je presne môj prípad.
01:47
So I had to find a way of solving this problem.
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Musel som tento problém riešiť.
01:50
And the first idea I got was to use fire,
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Prvý nápad bol použiť oheň.
01:55
because I thought lions were scared of fire.
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Myslel som si, že levy sa ohňa boja.
01:59
But I came to realize that that didn't really help,
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Zistil som však, že to v skutočnosti veľmi nepomáha.
02:04
because it was even helping the lions
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Akurát to dokonca pomáhalo levom,
02:06
to see through the cowshed.
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aby videli cez kravín.
02:10
So I didn't give up. I continued.
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Nevzdal som to. Pokračoval som.
02:13
And a second idea I got was
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Druhá vec, ktorá mi napadla,
02:16
to use a scarecrow.
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bola použiť strašiaka.
02:18
I was trying to trick the lions
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Chcel som levy oklamať,
02:19
[into thinking] that I was standing near the cowshed.
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aby si mysleli, že stojím pri kravíne.
02:22
But lions are very clever. (Laughter)
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Lenže levy sú veľmi rozumné. (Smiech)
02:26
They will come the first day and they see the scarecrow, and they go back,
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Prídu prvý deň, zbadajú strašiaka a odídu.
02:31
but the second day, they'll come and they say,
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Lenže keď prídu druhý deň, povedia si:
02:34
this thing is not moving here, it's always here. (Laughter)
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„Táto vec sa vôbec nehýbe. Je tu stále."
(Smiech)
(Smiech)
02:37
So he jumps in and kills the animals.
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Tak skočia dovnútra a pozabíjajú zvieratá.
02:41
So one night, I was walking around the cowshed with a torch,
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Jednu noc som sa prechádzal okolo kravína s baterkou.
02:44
and that day, the lions didn't come.
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Ten deň levy neprišli.
02:48
And I discovered that lions are afraid of a moving light.
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A zistil som, že levy sa boja pohybujúceho sa svetla.
02:53
So I had an idea.
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Dostal som nápad.
02:55
Since I was a small boy,
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Odkedy som bol malý chlapec,
02:58
I used to work in my room for the whole day,
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zvykol som pracovať vo svojej izbe po celý deň.
03:01
and I even took apart my mom's new radio,
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Dokonca som rozobral matkino rádio.
03:04
and that day she almost killed me,
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Vtedy ma skoro zabila,
03:06
but I learned a lot about electronics. (Laughter)
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ale naučil som sa veľa o elektronike. (Smiech)
03:12
So I got an old car battery,
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Takže som zobral starú autobatériu a smerovku.
03:16
an indicator box. It's a small device found in a motorcycle,
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Je to malé zariadenie na motorke,
03:19
and it helps motorists when they want to turn right or left. It blinks.
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ktoré pomáha motorkárom, keď chcú odbočiť. Bliká.
03:24
And I got a switch where I can switch on the lights, on and off.
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Zobral som ešte prepínač,
aby som mohol svetlá zapínať a vypínať.
aby som mohol svetlá zapínať a vypínať.
03:29
And that's a small torch from a broken flashlight.
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Toto je malá žiarovka z pokazenej baterky.
03:34
So I set up everything.
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Všetko som dal dohromady.
03:37
As you can see, the solar panel charges the battery,
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Ako môžete vidieť, solárny panel nabíja batériu,
03:40
and the battery supplies the power
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tá poskytuje energiu malej smerovke.
03:42
to the small indicator box. I call it a transformer.
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Volám to transformátor.
03:45
And the indicator box makes the lights flash.
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A smerovka zariaďuje, aby sveto blikalo.
03:50
As you can see, the bulbs face outside,
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Ako môžete vidieť, žiarovky smerujú von,
03:54
because that's where the lions come from.
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lebo odtiaľ prichádzajú levy.
03:56
And that's how it looks to lions when they come at night.
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A takto to vyzerá pre levov, keď prídu v noci.
04:00
The lights flash and trick
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Svetlo bliká a klame levy,
04:03
the lions into thinking I was walking around the cowshed,
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aby si mysleli, že obchádzam kravín.
04:05
but I was sleeping in my bed.
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A pritom spím vo svojej posteli.
04:07
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
04:09
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
04:11
Thanks.
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Ďakujem.
04:17
So I set it up in my home two years ago,
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Nainštaloval som to doma dva roky dozadu,
04:21
and since then, we have never experienced any problem with lions.
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odvtedy sme s levmi nemali žiadne problémy.
04:24
And my neighboring homes heard about this idea.
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Moji susedia počuli o tomto nápade.
04:28
One of them was this grandmother.
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Jedným z nich bola táto babička.
04:31
She had a lot of her animals being killed by lions,
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Levy jej zabili mnoho zvierat.
04:35
and she asked me if I could put the lights for her.
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Spýtala sa ma, či by som jej tieto svetlá mohol namontovať.
04:37
And I said, "Yes."
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Povedal som: „Áno"
04:38
So I put the lights. You can see at the back, those are the lion lights.
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Nastavil som svetlá.
Vzadu ich môžete vidieť, to sú tie levie svetlá.
Vzadu ich môžete vidieť, to sú tie levie svetlá.
04:43
Since now, I've set up seven homes around my community,
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Doteraz som v mojej komunite namontoval sedem osvetlení.
04:46
and they're really working.
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A naozaj fungujú.
04:49
And my idea is also being used now all over Kenya
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Môj nápad sa teraz používa po celej Keni
04:54
for scaring other predators like hyenas, leopards,
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na plašenie iných predátorov,
ako sú hyeny, alebo leopardy.
ako sú hyeny, alebo leopardy.
04:59
and it's also being used
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Takisto sa používa
05:01
to scare elephants away from people's farms.
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na odháňanie slonov z fárm.
05:05
Because of this invention, I was lucky to get a scholarship
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Vďaka tomuto vynálezu sa mi podarilo získať štipendium
05:08
in one of the best schools in Kenya,
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na jednu z najlepších škôl v Keni,
05:11
Brookhouse International School,
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Brookhouse International School.
05:13
and I'm really excited about this.
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Veľmi sa z toho teším.
05:16
My new school now is coming in and helping
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Moja nová škola sa zapája a pomáha
05:20
by fundraising and creating an awareness.
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zbieraním peňazí a tvorením povedomia.
05:24
I even took my friends back to my community,
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Dokonca som zobral
kamarátov do mojej komunity.
kamarátov do mojej komunity.
05:29
and we're installing the lights to the homes
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Spolu sme inštalovali svetlá na domy,
05:33
which don't have [any], and I'm teaching them how to put them.
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ktoré ich nemali.
Učil som ich, ako ich namontovať.
Učil som ich, ako ich namontovať.
05:37
So one year ago, I was just a boy in the savanna grassland
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Pred rokom som bol len chlapec zo savany
05:41
herding my father's cows,
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pasúci otcove kravy.
05:43
and I used to see planes flying over,
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Ponad hlavu mi prelietali lietadlá
05:46
and I told myself that one day, I'll be there inside.
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a povedal som si: „Jedného dňa budem tam vnútri."
05:50
And here I am today.
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A dnes som tu.
05:53
I got a chance to come by plane for my first time for TED.
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Dostal som šancu priletieť na môj vôbec prvý TED.
05:59
So my big dream is to become an aircraft engineer and pilot when I grow up.
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Mojím veľkým snom je stať sa
leteckým inžinierom a pilotom.
leteckým inžinierom a pilotom.
06:04
I used to hate lions, but now because my invention
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Zvykol som nenávidieť levy,
ale teraz vďaka mojim vynálezom
ale teraz vďaka mojim vynálezom
06:08
is saving my father's cows and the lions,
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chránim otcove kravy a zároveň aj levy.
06:11
we are able to stay with the lions without any conflict.
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Sme schopní vysporiadať sa
s levmi bez akýchkoľvek konfliktov.
s levmi bez akýchkoľvek konfliktov.
06:15
Ashê olên. It means in my language, thank you very much.
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Ashê olên.
To v mojej reči znamená „ďakujem veľmi pekne".
To v mojej reči znamená „ďakujem veľmi pekne".
06:18
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
06:33
Chris Anderson: You have no idea how exciting it is
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Chris Anderson: „Nevieš si predstaviť, aké je vzrušujúce
06:35
to hear a story like yours.
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počuť príbeh, ako je ten tvoj.
06:37
So you got this scholarship.Richard Turere: Yep.
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Takže ty si dostal štipendium."
Richard Turere: „Áno."
Richard Turere: „Áno."
06:39
CA: You're working on other electrical inventions.
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CA: „Pracuješ aj na iných elektrických vynálezoch.
06:42
What's the next one on your list?
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Čo je ďalšie na tvojom zozname?"
06:44
RT: My next invention is,
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RT: „Môj nový vynález je elektrický plot."
06:46
I want to make an electric fence.CA: Electric fence?
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CA: „Elektrický plot?"
06:49
RT: But I know electric fences are already invented,
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RT: „Ja viem, že elektrické ploty už boli vynájdené,
06:51
but I want to make mine.
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ale ja si chcem spraviť svoj vlastný."
06:53
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
06:56
CA: You already tried it once, right, and you --RT: I tried it before,
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CA: „Už si to raz skúšal, všakže a –"
RT: „Skúšal som to predtým,
RT: „Skúšal som to predtým,
06:59
but I stopped because it gave me a shock. (Laughter)
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ale prestal som, lebo ma to koplo." (Smiech)
07:05
CA: In the trenches. Richard Turere, you are something else.
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CA: „Ale vážne. Richard Turere, ty si jedinečný.
07:09
We're going to cheer you on every step of the way, my friend.
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Budeme ťa povzbudzovať na každom kroku, kamarát.
07:12
Thank you so much.RT: Thank you. (Applause)
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Ďakujem veľmi pekne."
RT: „Ďakujem." (Potlesk)
RT: „Ďakujem." (Potlesk)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Richard Turere - InventorYoung inventor Richard Turere invented "lion lights," an elegant way to protect his family's cattle from lion attacks.
Why you should listen
Richard Turere is a young Maasai man who lives in the wilderness of the Kenya savanna, on the edge of a national park full of rhino, giraffe, buffalo and lions. Since he was 9, Richard has held the honored chore of tending his father's cattle; in his free time, he tinkered with electrical gadgets. After dismantling the few household appliances, Richard taught himself how to fix them, and then he started inventing. He fit his parents' home with fans made from car parts and other junkyard components harvested from junkyards, then built other inventions for his neighbors.
Now 13, he is renowned for inventing "lion lights," a fence made of basic pieces (solar charging cells, flashlight parts), which quickly and effectively scares lions away from his father's cattle. Richard's dream is to be an aircraft engineer.
Read more about Richard Turere on CNN.com >>
Richard Turere | Speaker | TED.com