TEDxIndianapolis
John Green: The nerd's guide to learning everything online
John Green: Návod technomila na učenie sa všetkého online
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Niektorí z nás sa najlepšie učia v triedach, iní z nás… nuž, nie v triedach. Aj tak však milujeme učiť sa, zisťovať nové veci o svete a dávať mysliam zabrať. Potrebujeme na to len správne miesto a správnu spoločnosť. V tejto pôvabnej prednáške autor John Green hovorí o svete učenia, ktorý objavil v online videu.
John Green - Writer
The author of "The Fault in Our Stars" and "Paper Towns," John Green is a passionate online video maker. Full bio
The author of "The Fault in Our Stars" and "Paper Towns," John Green is a passionate online video maker. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
Toto je mapa štátu New York,
00:13
This is a map of New York State
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ktorú vytvorila v roku 1937
spoločnosť General Drafting.
spoločnosť General Drafting.
00:15
that was made in 1937
by the General Drafting Company.
by the General Drafting Company.
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Medzi fanúšikmi kartografie
je táto mapa veľmi známa,
je táto mapa veľmi známa,
00:18
It's an extremely famous map
among cartography nerds,
among cartography nerds,
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lebo tu dole, na úpätí
pohoria Catskill Mountains,
pohoria Catskill Mountains,
00:22
because down here at the bottom
of the Catskill Mountains,
of the Catskill Mountains,
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je mestečko Roscoe,
00:24
there is a little town called Roscoe --
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vlastne bude lepšie,
ak si to pozriete tu hore.
ak si to pozriete tu hore.
00:26
actually, this will go easier
if I just put it up here --
if I just put it up here --
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Tu je Roscoe,
hneď nad ním je Rockland
hneď nad ním je Rockland
00:29
There's Roscoe, and then right
above Roscoe is Rockland, New York,
above Roscoe is Rockland, New York,
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a hneď nad Rocklandom
je mestečko Agloe.
je mestečko Agloe.
00:33
and then right above that
is the tiny town of Agloe, New York.
is the tiny town of Agloe, New York.
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Agloe v štáte New York je medzi
kartografmi veľmi známe,
kartografmi veľmi známe,
00:36
Agloe, New York, is very famous
to cartographers,
to cartographers,
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pretože je to mesto na papieri.
00:39
because it's a paper town.
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Je známe aj ako autorská pasca.
00:42
It's also known as a copyright trap.
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Tvorcovia máp, pretože moja mapa
New Yorku a vaša mapa New Yorku
New Yorku a vaša mapa New Yorku
00:44
Mapmakers -- because my map of New York
and your map of New York
and your map of New York
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pravdepodobne vyzerajú veľmi podobne,
súdiac podľa tvaru štátu New York,
súdiac podľa tvaru štátu New York,
00:47
are going to look very similar,
on account of the shape of New York --
on account of the shape of New York --
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tvorcovia máp často do svojich máp
vkladajú vymyslené miesta,
vkladajú vymyslené miesta,
00:51
often, mapmakers will insert
fake places onto their maps,
fake places onto their maps,
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aby chránili svoje autorské práva.
00:56
in order to protect their copyright.
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Keď potom moje fiktívne miesto
nájdem na vašej mape,
nájdem na vašej mape,
00:58
Because then, if my fake place
shows up on your map,
shows up on your map,
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môžem si byť úplne istý,
že ste ma okradli.
že ste ma okradli.
01:01
I can be well and truly sure
that you have robbed me.
that you have robbed me.
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01:04
Agloe is a scrabblization of the initials
of the two guys who made this map,
of the two guys who made this map,
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Agloe je slovná hračka pozostávajúca
z iniciálov tvorcov tejto mapy,
z iniciálov tvorcov tejto mapy,
Ernesta G. Alpersa a Otta Lindberga,
01:09
Ernest Alpers and Otto [G.] Lindberg,
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ktorá vyšla v roku 1937.
01:12
and they released this map in 1937.
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Desiatky rokov neskôr
Rand McNally vydal mapu
Rand McNally vydal mapu
01:15
Decades later, Rand McNally releases a map
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obsahujúcu mesto Agloe, ktoré sa
nachádzalo na presne tej istej križovatke
nachádzalo na presne tej istej križovatke
01:19
with Agloe, New York, on it,
at the same exact intersection
at the same exact intersection
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dvoch poľných ciest uprostred ničoho.
01:23
of two dirt roads
in the middle of nowhere.
in the middle of nowhere.
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01:26
Well, you can imagine the delight
over at General Drafting.
over at General Drafting.
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Dokážete si predstaviť tú
radosť v spoločnosti General Drafting.
radosť v spoločnosti General Drafting.
Hneď zavolali Randovi
McNallymu a povedali:
McNallymu a povedali:
01:29
They immediately call
Rand McNally, and they say,
Rand McNally, and they say,
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„Máme vás! Agloe sme si vymysleli.
01:32
"We've caught you!
We made Agloe, New York, up.
We made Agloe, New York, up.
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Je to vymyslené mesto. Mesto na papieri.
01:36
It is a fake place. It's a paper town.
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Vysúdime od vás aj posledné gate!“
01:38
We're going to sue your pants off!"
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01:41
And Rand McNally says,
"No, no, no, no, Agloe is real."
"No, no, no, no, Agloe is real."
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A Rand McNally odpovedal:
„Nie, nie, nie, Agloe naozaj existuje.“
„Nie, nie, nie, Agloe naozaj existuje.“
01:46
Because people kept going
to that intersection of two dirt roads --
to that intersection of two dirt roads --
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Keďže ľudia chodili na tú
križovatku dvoch poľných ciest
križovatku dvoch poľných ciest
(smiech)
01:51
(Laughter)
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uprostred ničoho, očakávajúc,
že tam bude mestečko zvané Agloe,
že tam bude mestečko zvané Agloe,
01:52
in the middle of nowhere, expecting
there to be a place called Agloe --
there to be a place called Agloe --
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niekto Agloe vybudoval.
01:56
someone built a place
called Agloe, New York.
called Agloe, New York.
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(smiech)
02:00
(Laughter)
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Bola tam čerpacia stanica, obchod
a v najlepších časoch aj dva domy.
a v najlepších časoch aj dva domy.
02:01
It had a gas station, a general store,
two houses at its peak.
two houses at its peak.
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(smiech)
02:04
(Laughter)
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02:07
And this is of course a completely
irresistible metaphor to a novelist,
irresistible metaphor to a novelist,
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Toto je, pravdaže, pre spisovateľa
úplne neodolateľná metafora,
úplne neodolateľná metafora,
lebo všetci by sme radi verili,
že to, čo dáme na papier,
že to, čo dáme na papier,
02:12
because we would all like to believe
that the stuff that we write down on paper
that the stuff that we write down on paper
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dokáže zmeniť skutočný svet,
v ktorom žijeme.
v ktorom žijeme.
02:16
can change the actual world
in which we're actually living,
in which we're actually living,
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Preto sa moja tretia kniha
volá Mestá na papieri.
volá Mestá na papieri.
02:19
which is why my third book
is called "Paper Towns".
is called "Paper Towns".
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Ešte viac ako prostredie, v ktorom
sa to udialo, ma však zaujíma
sa to udialo, ma však zaujíma
02:22
But what interests me ultimately more
than the medium in which this happened,
than the medium in which this happened,
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samotný jav.
02:26
is the phenomenon itself.
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02:29
It's easy enough to say that the world
shapes our maps of the world, right?
shapes our maps of the world, right?
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Je jednoduché povedať, že svet
formuje naše mapy sveta, však?
formuje naše mapy sveta, však?
Že celkový tvar sveta zjavne
ovplyvňuje naše mapy.
ovplyvňuje naše mapy.
02:33
Like the overall shape of the world
is obviously going to affect our maps.
is obviously going to affect our maps.
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02:38
But what I find a lot more
interesting is the way
interesting is the way
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Oveľa zaujímavejšie sa mi však zdá,
že spôsob, akým svet mapujeme, svet mení.
02:42
that the manner in which we map
the world changes the world.
the world changes the world.
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02:46
Because the world would truly be
a different place if North were down.
a different place if North were down.
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Pretože svet by bol skutočne iný,
ak by bol sever dole.
ak by bol sever dole.
A svet by bol skutočne iný,
02:50
And the world would be
a truly different place
a truly different place
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keby Aljaška a Rusko neboli
na opačných stranách mapy.
na opačných stranách mapy.
02:52
if Alaska and Russia weren't
on opposite sides of the map.
on opposite sides of the map.
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A bol by iný aj vtedy,
02:56
And the world would be a different place
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ak by sme Európu zobrazovali
v jej skutočnej veľkosti.
v jej skutočnej veľkosti.
02:57
if we projected Europe
to show it in its actual size.
to show it in its actual size.
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03:02
The world is changed
by our maps of the world.
by our maps of the world.
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Svet menia naše mapy sveta.
03:06
The way that we choose -- sort of,
our personal cartographic enterprise,
our personal cartographic enterprise,
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Cesta, ktorú si vyberieme, v podstate
naša osobná kartografická spoločnosť,
naša osobná kartografická spoločnosť,
03:11
also shapes the map of our lives,
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tvaruje aj mapu našich životov
03:14
and that in turn shapes our lives.
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a tá zasa formuje naše životy.
Verím, že to, čo mapujeme, mení náš život.
03:16
I believe that what we map
changes the life we lead.
changes the life we lead.
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A nemyslím to nijako
na spôsob tajnej siete anjelov,
na spôsob tajnej siete anjelov,
03:20
And I don't mean that in some, like,
secret-y Oprah's Angels network, like,
secret-y Oprah's Angels network, like,
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v zmysle „môžete sa svojím
myslením vyliečiť z rakoviny“.
myslením vyliečiť z rakoviny“.
03:25
you-can-think-your-way-
out-of-cancer sense.
out-of-cancer sense.
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Verím však, že hoci mapy
neukazujú, kam v živote pôjdete,
neukazujú, kam v živote pôjdete,
03:28
But I do believe that while maps don't
show you where you will go in your life,
show you where you will go in your life,
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ukazujú, kam by ste mohli ísť.
03:34
they show you where you might go.
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Veľmi zriedkavo sa dostanete na miesto,
ktoré nie je na vašej osobnej mape.
ktoré nie je na vašej osobnej mape.
03:36
You very rarely go to a place
that isn't on your personal map.
that isn't on your personal map.
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03:42
So I was a really terrible student
when I was a kid.
when I was a kid.
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Keď som bol mladý, bol som hrozný študent.
Zbieral som slabé trojky.
03:45
My GPA was consistently in the low 2s.
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03:48
And I think the reason that I was
such a terrible student
such a terrible student
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Myslím, že dôvodom, prečo som
bol takým slabým študentom,
bol takým slabým študentom,
bolo, že som mal pocit,
že vyučovanie je len séria prekážok,
že vyučovanie je len séria prekážok,
03:51
is that I felt like education
was just a series of hurdles
was just a series of hurdles
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ktoré sa predo mňa postavili
03:54
that had been erected before me,
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a ktoré som musel preskočiť,
aby som dosiahol dospelosť.
aby som dosiahol dospelosť.
03:56
and I had to jump over
in order to achieve adulthood.
in order to achieve adulthood.
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Netúžil som tieto prekážky preskakovať,
04:00
And I didn't really want
to jump over these hurdles,
to jump over these hurdles,
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pretože sa mi zdali celkom umelé,
a tak som ich často nezdolal
a tak som ich často nezdolal
04:03
because they seemed completely
arbitrary, so I often wouldn't,
arbitrary, so I often wouldn't,
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a potom mi ľudia hrozili, viete,
04:05
and then people would
threaten me, you know,
threaten me, you know,
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vyhrážali sa, že sa „dostanú
do mojich trvalých záznamov“
do mojich trvalých záznamov“
04:08
they'd threaten me with this
"going on [my] permanent record,"
"going on [my] permanent record,"
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alebo: „Nikdy nenájdeš dobrú prácu.“
04:11
or "You'll never get a good job."
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Nechcel som dobrú prácu!
04:13
I didn't want a good job!
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04:15
As far as I could tell at eleven
or twelve years old,
or twelve years old,
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Pokiaľ som to vedel posúdiť
v jedenástich, dvanástich,
v jedenástich, dvanástich,
ľudia s dobrou prácou
vstávali veľmi skoro ráno
vstávali veľmi skoro ráno
04:17
like, people with good jobs woke up
very early in the morning,
very early in the morning,
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(smiech)
04:20
(Laughter)
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a to prvé, čo ľudia
s dobrou prácami robili,
s dobrou prácami robili,
04:23
and the men who had good jobs,
one of the first things they did
one of the first things they did
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bolo obviazať si okolo krku
škrtiace oblečenie.
škrtiace oblečenie.
04:27
was tie a strangulation item
of clothing around their necks.
of clothing around their necks.
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04:32
They literally put nooses on themselves,
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Doslova si na seba dávali slučky
a potom išli do práce, čokoľvek robili.
04:34
and then they went off to their jobs,
whatever they were.
whatever they were.
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04:37
That's not a recipe for a happy life.
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To nie je recept na šťastný život.
04:40
These people -- in my, symbol-obsessed,
twelve year-old imagination --
twelve year-old imagination --
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Títo ľudia, v mojej symbolmi posadnutej
dvanásťročnej predstavivosti,
dvanásťročnej predstavivosti,
títo ľudia, ktorí sa škrtia
04:44
these people who are strangling themselves
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hneď, čo ráno vstanú,
04:46
as one of the first things
they do each morning,
they do each morning,
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jednoducho nemohli byť šťastní.
04:49
they can't possibly be happy.
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Prečo by som mal chcieť
preskákať všetky prekážky
preskákať všetky prekážky
04:50
Why would I want to jump
over all of these hurdles
over all of these hurdles
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pre toto?
04:53
and have that be the end?
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To je hrozný koniec!
04:55
That's a terrible end!
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04:57
And then, when I was in tenth grade,
I went to this school,
I went to this school,
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A potom, keď som bol prvák
na strednej, chodil som do malej
na strednej, chodil som do malej
internátnej školy Indian Springs
05:00
Indian Springs School,
a small boarding school,
a small boarding school,
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pri Birminghame v Alabame.
05:03
outside of Birmingham, Alabama.
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A odrazu sa zo mňa stal študent.
05:05
And all at once I became a learner.
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Stal som sa študentom,
05:09
And I became a learner,
because I found myself
because I found myself
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pretože som sa
v študentskom prostredí našiel.
v študentskom prostredí našiel.
05:11
in a community of learners.
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Ocitol som sa obklopený ľuďmi,
05:13
I found myself surrounded by people
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ktorí oslavovali
intelektuálnosť a angažovanosť
intelektuálnosť a angažovanosť
05:15
who celebrated intellectualism
and engagement,
and engagement,
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a ktorí si mysleli, že môj
ironický odpor ku škole
ironický odpor ku škole
05:18
and who thought that my ironic
oh-so-cool disengagement
oh-so-cool disengagement
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nebol múdry či smiešny,
05:22
wasn't clever, or funny,
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ale bola to jednoduchá a obyčajná reakcia
05:24
but, like, it was a simple
and unspectacular response
and unspectacular response
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na veľmi komplikované
a neprekonateľné problémy.
a neprekonateľné problémy.
05:28
to very complicated
and compelling problems.
and compelling problems.
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05:30
And so I started to learn,
because learning was cool.
because learning was cool.
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A tak som sa začal učiť,
pretože učenie bolo cool.
pretože učenie bolo cool.
Naučil som sa, že niektoré
nekonečné množiny sú väčšie ako iné
nekonečné množiny sú väčšie ako iné
05:33
I learned that some infinite sets
are bigger than other infinite sets,
are bigger than other infinite sets,
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a aj to, čo je jambický pentameter
a prečo ľudským ušiam znie tak dobre.
a prečo ľudským ušiam znie tak dobre.
05:36
and I learned that iambic pentameter is
and why it sounds so good to human ears.
and why it sounds so good to human ears.
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Naučil som sa, že Občianska vojna
bola znárodňovací spor,
bola znárodňovací spor,
05:40
I learned that the Civil War
was a nationalizing conflict,
was a nationalizing conflict,
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niečo z fyziky,
05:44
I learned some physics,
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to, že korelácia by sa nemala
pliesť s kauzalitou,
pliesť s kauzalitou,
05:45
I learned that correlation shouldn't be
confused with causation --
confused with causation --
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všetko toto, mimochodom,
05:48
all of these things, by the way,
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skutočne obohatilo môj každodenný život.
05:50
enriched my life
on a literally daily basis.
on a literally daily basis.
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A je pravda, že väčšinu z toho
vo svojej „práci“ nevyužívam,
vo svojej „práci“ nevyužívam,
05:54
And it's true that I don't use
most of them for my "job,"
most of them for my "job,"
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ale o tom to pre mňa nie je.
05:58
but that's not what it's about for me.
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Je to o kartografii.
06:00
It's about cartography.
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Čo je to kartografický postup?
06:02
What is the process of cartography?
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Je to plaviť sa
okolo nejakej zeme a rozmýšľať:
okolo nejakej zeme a rozmýšľať:
06:04
It's, you know, sailing
upon some land, and thinking,
upon some land, and thinking,
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„Myslím, že zakreslím ten kúsok zeme,“
06:07
"I think I'll draw that bit of land,"
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06:09
and then wondering, "Maybe there's
some more land to draw."
some more land to draw."
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a potom začnete premýšľať: „Možno
je tu ešte viac nezakreslenej zeme.“
je tu ešte viac nezakreslenej zeme.“
Učenie pre mňa skutočne začalo takto.
06:13
And that's when learning
really began for me.
really began for me.
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Pravda, mal som učiteľov,
ktorí o mne nepochybovali,
ktorí o mne nepochybovali,
06:15
It's true that I had teachers
that didn't give up on me,
that didn't give up on me,
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a mal som veľké šťastie, že som ich mal,
06:18
and I was very fortunate
to have those teachers,
to have those teachers,
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pretože som im často dával dôvod
myslieť si, že som stratená investícia.
myslieť si, že som stratená investícia.
06:20
because I often gave them cause to think
there was no reason to invest in me.
there was no reason to invest in me.
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06:25
But a lot of the learning
that I did in high school
that I did in high school
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No väčšina toho, čo som
sa naučil na strednej,
sa naučil na strednej,
nebolo o tom, čo sa deje v triede,
06:28
wasn't about what happened
inside the classroom,
inside the classroom,
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ale o tom, čo sa deje mimo triedy.
06:31
it was about what happened
outside of the classroom.
outside of the classroom.
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Napríklad dokážem povedať,
06:33
For instance, I can tell you
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že „Šikmo svetlo dopadá
za večerov zimných,
za večerov zimných,
06:35
that "There's a certain Slant of light,
Winter Afternoons --
Winter Afternoons --
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ťaží ako chorály,
náboženské hymny."
náboženské hymny."
06:38
That oppresses, like the Heft
Of Cathedral Tunes --"
Of Cathedral Tunes --"
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Nie preto, že som sa Emily Dickinsonovú
učil naspamäť v škole,
učil naspamäť v škole,
06:40
not because I memorized
Emily Dickinson in school
Emily Dickinson in school
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keď som chodil na strednú,
06:43
when I was in high school,
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ale preto, že na strednej
bolo jedno dievča,
bolo jedno dievča,
06:45
but because there was a girl
when I was in high school,
when I was in high school,
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ktoré sa volalo Amanda a páčilo sa mi
06:47
and her name was Amanda,
and I had a crush on her,
and I had a crush on her,
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a ktoré malo rado poéziu
Emily Dickinsonovej.
Emily Dickinsonovej.
06:50
and she liked Emily Dickinson poetry.
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Viem vám povedať,
aká je cena príležitosti,
aká je cena príležitosti,
06:52
The reason I can tell you
what opportunity cost is,
what opportunity cost is,
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lebo v jeden deň, keď som ležal
na gauči a hral hru Super Mario Kart,
na gauči a hral hru Super Mario Kart,
06:55
is because one day when I was playing
Super Mario Kart on my couch,
Super Mario Kart on my couch,
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vošiel môj kamarát Emmet a povedal:
06:59
my friend Emmet walked in, and he said,
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„Ako dlho už hráš Super Mario Kart?“
07:01
"How long have you been playing
Super Mario Kart?"
Super Mario Kart?"
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Odpovedal som: „Neviem,
takých šesť hodín?“ A on povedal:
takých šesť hodín?“ A on povedal:
07:03
And I said, "I don't know,
like, six hours?" and he said,
like, six hours?" and he said,
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„Uvedomuješ si, že keby si bol tých
6 hodín pracoval v Baskin-Robbinse,
6 hodín pracoval v Baskin-Robbinse,
07:06
"Do you realize that if you'd worked
at Baskin-Robbins those six hours,
at Baskin-Robbins those six hours,
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mohol si zarobiť 30 dolárov,
takže si vlastne
takže si vlastne
07:10
you could have made 30 dollars,
so in some ways,
so in some ways,
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práve zaplatil 30 dolárov
za hranie Super Mario Karta.
za hranie Super Mario Karta.
07:12
you just paid thirty dollars
to play Super Mario Kart."
to play Super Mario Kart."
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A ja som povedal: „To beriem.“
07:15
And I was, like, "I'll take that deal."
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(smiech)
07:17
(Laughter)
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No naučil som sa,
aká je cena príležitosti.
aká je cena príležitosti.
07:20
But I learned what opportunity cost is.
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07:25
And along the way, the map
of my life got better.
of my life got better.
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A popri tom sa mapa môjho života zlepšila.
Zväčšila sa, obsiahla viac miest.
07:28
It got bigger; it contained more places.
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Boli v nej udalosti, ktoré sa mohli stať,
07:31
There were more things that might happen,
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budúcnosť, ktorú som mohol mať.
07:33
more futures I might have.
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07:36
It wasn't a formal, organized
learning process,
learning process,
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Nebol to formálny,
organizovaný vyučovací proces
organizovaný vyučovací proces
a priznávam to rád.
07:40
and I'm happy to admit that.
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Bolo to hrboľaté, nesúvislé,
veľa som toho ešte nevedel.
veľa som toho ešte nevedel.
07:41
It was spotty, it was inconsistent,
there was a lot I didn't know.
there was a lot I didn't know.
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Možno som napríklad
poznal Cantorovu myšlienku,
poznal Cantorovu myšlienku,
07:45
I might know, you know, Cantor's idea
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že niektoré nekonečné množiny
sú väčšie ako iné,
sú väčšie ako iné,
07:47
that some infinite sets are larger
than other infinite sets,
than other infinite sets,
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ale v skutočnosti som nerozumel
algebre, ktorá za ňou stála.
algebre, ktorá za ňou stála.
07:50
but I didn't really understand
the calculus behind that idea.
the calculus behind that idea.
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Poznal som myšlienku ceny príležitosti,
07:53
I might know the idea of opportunity cost,
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ale nepoznal som
zákon klesajúcich výnosov.
zákon klesajúcich výnosov.
07:55
but I didn't know the law
of diminishing returns.
of diminishing returns.
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Na kartografii a iných disciplínach
využívajúcich predstavivosť
využívajúcich predstavivosť
07:57
But the great thing about imagining
learning as cartography,
learning as cartography,
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je dobré to, že namiesto umelých prekážok,
08:00
instead of imagining it
as arbitrary hurdles
as arbitrary hurdles
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ktoré musíte preskakovať,
08:02
that you have to jump over,
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vidíte kúsok pobrežia a to
vo vás vyvoláva túžbu vidieť viac.
vo vás vyvoláva túžbu vidieť viac.
08:04
is that you see a bit of coastline,
and that makes you want to see more.
and that makes you want to see more.
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08:07
And so now I do know
at least some of the calculus
at least some of the calculus
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Teraz poznám aspoň časť výpočtov,
ktoré za tým všetkým stoja.
08:10
that underlies all of that stuff.
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Na strednej škole som bol členom
08:11
So, I had one learning community
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študentskej skupiny,
na výške som prešiel do ďalšej
na výške som prešiel do ďalšej
08:13
in high school, then I went
to another for college,
to another for college,
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a potom do ďalšej,
08:16
and then I went to another,
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keď som začal pracovať
v časopise Booklist,
v časopise Booklist,
08:17
when I started working
at a magazine called "Booklist,"
at a magazine called "Booklist,"
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kde som bol asistentom obklopeným
úžasne sčítanými ľuďmi.
úžasne sčítanými ľuďmi.
08:20
where I was an assistant, surrounded
by astonishingly well-read people.
by astonishingly well-read people.
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Potom som napísal knihu.
08:23
And then I wrote a book.
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A tak, ako o tom snívajú všetci autori,
08:25
And like all authors dream of doing,
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som okamžite nechal prácu.
08:27
I promptly quit my job.
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(smiech)
08:29
(Laughter)
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Po prvý raz od strednej školy
08:30
And for the first time since high school,
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som sa ocitol bez študentskej
skupiny a bolo to hrozné.
skupiny a bolo to hrozné.
08:32
I found myself without a learning
community, and it was miserable.
community, and it was miserable.
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Nenávidel som to.
08:37
I hated it.
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Počas tých dvoch rokov
som prečítal veľa, veľa kníh.
som prečítal veľa, veľa kníh.
08:38
I read many, many books
during this two-year period.
during this two-year period.
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Čítal som knihy o Stalinovi,
08:42
I read books about Stalin,
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o tom, ako sa Uzbekovia
začali považovať za moslimov,
začali považovať za moslimov,
08:44
and books about how the Uzbek people
came to identify as Muslims,
came to identify as Muslims,
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a o tom, ako sa vyrábajú atómové bomby,
08:47
and I read books about
how to make atomic bombs,
how to make atomic bombs,
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ale mal som z toho pocit, akoby
som si tvoril vlastné prekážky
som si tvoril vlastné prekážky
08:50
but it just felt like I was
creating my own hurdles,
creating my own hurdles,
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3149
a potom cez ne sám preskakoval
namiesto toho, aby som cítil radosť
namiesto toho, aby som cítil radosť
08:53
and then jumping over them myself,
instead of feeling the excitement
instead of feeling the excitement
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z toho, že som členom
študentskej skupiny, skupiny ľudí,
študentskej skupiny, skupiny ľudí,
08:56
of being part of a community of learners,
a community of people
a community of people
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ktorí sa spolu angažujú
v kartografickej spoločnosti
v kartografickej spoločnosti
09:00
who are engaged together
in the cartographic enterprise
in the cartographic enterprise
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a snažia sa lepšie pochopiť
a zmapovať svet okolo nás.
a zmapovať svet okolo nás.
09:03
of trying to better understand
and map the world around us.
and map the world around us.
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09:07
And then, in 2006, I met that guy.
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Potom, v roku 2006,
som stretol tohto chlapíka.
som stretol tohto chlapíka.
Volá sa Ze Frank.
09:10
His name is Ze Frank.
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Nestretol som ho naozaj, len na Internete.
09:11
I didn't actually meet him,
just on the Internet.
just on the Internet.
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2637
09:14
Ze Frank was running, at the time,
a show called "The Show with Ze Frank,"
a show called "The Show with Ze Frank,"
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Ze Frank vtedy viedol
program Show so Ze Frankom.
program Show so Ze Frankom.
Ja som na ten program narazil
09:19
and I discovered the show,
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a to bola moja cesta, aby som
sa znova stal komunitným študentom.
sa znova stal komunitným študentom.
09:21
and that was my way back
into being a community learner again.
into being a community learner again.
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Tu Ze rozpráva o Las Vegas:
09:24
Here's Ze talking about Las Vegas:
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2155
09:28
(Video) Ze Frank: Las Vegas was built
in the middle of a huge, hot desert.
in the middle of a huge, hot desert.
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(video) Ze Frank: Las Vegas bolo vystavené
uprostred veľkej, horúcej púšte.
uprostred veľkej, horúcej púšte.
Takmer všetko sem priviezli zvonku,
09:31
Almost everything here was brought
from somewhere else --
from somewhere else --
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kamene, stromy, vodopády.
09:34
the sort of rocks, the trees,
the waterfalls.
the waterfalls.
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Tieto ryby sú tomuto miestu skoro také
cudzie ako lietajúce prasatá.
cudzie ako lietajúce prasatá.
09:36
These fish are almost as out of place
as my pig that flew.
as my pig that flew.
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V protiklade k horúcej púšti,
ktorá toto mesto obklopuje,
ktorá toto mesto obklopuje,
09:39
Contrasted to the scorching desert
that surrounds this place,
that surrounds this place,
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sú aj títo ľudia.
09:42
so are these people.
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Veci z celého sveta tu boli postavané
nanovo, ďaleko od svojej histórie
nanovo, ďaleko od svojej histórie
09:43
Things from all over the world have been
rebuilt here, away from their histories,
rebuilt here, away from their histories,
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a mimo ľudí, ktorí ich
vnímajú iným spôsobom.
vnímajú iným spôsobom.
09:47
and away from the people
that experience them differently.
that experience them differently.
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Niečo sa vylepšilo,
sfinge urobili plastiku nosa.
sfinge urobili plastiku nosa.
09:50
Sometimes improvements were made --
even the Sphinx got a nose job.
even the Sphinx got a nose job.
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Nie je žiadny dôvod mať pocit,
že vám niečo uniká.
že vám niečo uniká.
09:53
Here, there's no reason to feel
like you're missing anything.
like you're missing anything.
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Tento New York pre mňa znamená to isté,
čo pre každého.
čo pre každého.
09:56
This New York means the same to me
as it does to everyone else.
as it does to everyone else.
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Všetko je mimo kontextu a to znamená,
že kontext dovoľuje všetko: parkovisko,
že kontext dovoľuje všetko: parkovisko,
09:59
Everything is out of context, and that
means context allows for everything:
means context allows for everything:
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3557
kongresové centrum, žraločie akvárium.
10:03
Self Parking, Events Center, Shark Reef.
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1930
Vybudovanie tohto mesta je možno
jeden z najväčších svetových úspechov,
jeden z najväčších svetových úspechov,
10:04
This fabrication of place could be one
of the world's greatest achievements,
of the world's greatest achievements,
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lebo sem nepatrí nikto a zároveň všetci.
10:08
because no one belongs here;
everyone does.
everyone does.
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Keď som sa ráno prechádzal,
všimol som si, že väčšina budov
všimol som si, že väčšina budov
10:10
As I walked around this morning,
I noticed most of the buildings
I noticed most of the buildings
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sú veľké zrkadlá odrážajúce
slnko späť do púšte.
slnko späť do púšte.
10:13
were huge mirrors reflecting
the sun back into the desert.
the sun back into the desert.
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Oproti väčšine zrkadiel,
10:16
But unlike most mirrors,
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ktoré odrážajú svoje okolie,
10:17
which present you with an outside view
of yourself embedded in a place,
of yourself embedded in a place,
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však tieto vyzerajú prázdne.
10:21
these mirrors come back empty.
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John Green: Spomínam si na časy
10:22
John Green: Makes me
nostalgic for the days
nostalgic for the days
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keď v online videách bolo vidno pixely.
10:24
when you could see
the pixels in online video.
the pixels in online video.
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(smiech)
10:26
(Laughter)
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1007
Ze nie je len výborný intelektuál,
ale aj úžasný zakladateľ skupín.
ale aj úžasný zakladateľ skupín.
10:27
Ze isn't just a great public intellectual,
he's also a brilliant community builder,
he's also a brilliant community builder,
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Skupina ľudí, ktorá sa okolo
týchto videí vybudovala,
týchto videí vybudovala,
10:32
and the community of people
that built up around these videos
that built up around these videos
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bola v mnohých smeroch
študentská skupina.
študentská skupina.
10:34
was in many ways a community of learners.
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2012
10:36
So we played Ze Frank at chess
collaboratively, and we beat him.
collaboratively, and we beat him.
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3524
Hrali sme proti Ze Frankovi
spoločne šach a porazili sme ho.
spoločne šach a porazili sme ho.
Zorganizovali sme pre jedného mladého muža
cestu autom po Spojených štátoch.
cestu autom po Spojených štátoch.
10:40
We organized ourselves to take a young man
on a road trip across the United States.
on a road trip across the United States.
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Urobili sme zo Zeme sendvič,
10:44
We turned the Earth into a sandwich,
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1951
a to tak, že jedna osoba držala
krajec chleba na jednom mieste
krajec chleba na jednom mieste
10:46
by having one person hold a piece of bread
at one point on the Earth,
at one point on the Earth,
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3709
a na presne opačnej strane Zeme
10:50
and on the exact opposite
point of the Earth,
point of the Earth,
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2129
druhá osoba držala ďalší krajec chleba.
10:52
have another person
holding a piece of bread.
holding a piece of bread.
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2512
10:55
I realize that these are silly ideas,
but they are also "learny" ideas,
but they are also "learny" ideas,
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Uvedomujem si, že sú to hlúpe nápady,
ale sú to zároveň „učenecké“ nápady.
ale sú to zároveň „učenecké“ nápady.
To pre mňa bolo veľmi vzrušujúce.
11:01
and that was what was so exciting to me,
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1922
Na internete môžete takýchto
skupín nájsť veľa.
skupín nájsť veľa.
11:03
and if you go online, you can find
communities like this all over the place.
communities like this all over the place.
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Sledujte značku matematika na Tumblri
11:07
Follow the calculus tag on Tumblr,
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a áno, uvidíte, ako sa ľudia
sťažujú na matematiku,
sťažujú na matematiku,
11:09
and yes, you will see people
complaining about calculus,
complaining about calculus,
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ale uvidíte aj ľudí, ktorí
na tie sťažnosti odpovedajú
na tie sťažnosti odpovedajú
11:11
but you'll also see people
re-blogging those complaints,
re-blogging those complaints,
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komentármi argumentujúcimi,
že matematika je zaujímavá a nádherná
že matematika je zaujímavá a nádherná
11:14
making the argument that calculus
is interesting and beautiful,
is interesting and beautiful,
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a že aj takto sa dá hľadieť na problém,
ktorý ste považovali za neriešiteľný.
ktorý ste považovali za neriešiteľný.
11:17
and here's a way in to thinking about
the problem that you find unsolvable.
the problem that you find unsolvable.
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Môžete ísť na lokality ako Reddit
a nájsť subreddity
a nájsť subreddity
11:21
You can go to places like Reddit,
and find sub-Reddits,
and find sub-Reddits,
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ako „Opýtajte sa historika“
alebo „Opýtajte sa vedy“,
alebo „Opýtajte sa vedy“,
11:24
like "Ask a Historian" or "Ask Science,"
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2618
kde môžete ľuďom z týchto oblastí
11:27
where you can ask people
who are in these fields
who are in these fields
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klásť rozličné otázky,
11:30
a wide range of questions,
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od veľmi vážnych po veľmi hlúpe.
11:31
from very serious ones to very silly ones.
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Najzaujímavejšie študentské skupiny,
11:34
But to me, the most interesting
communities of learners
communities of learners
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ktoré dnes rastú na internete,
sú pre mňa tie na YouTube,
sú pre mňa tie na YouTube,
11:37
that are growing up on the Internet
right now are on YouTube,
right now are on YouTube,
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no priznávam, som zaujatý.
11:40
and admittedly, I am biased.
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Myslím si však, že v mnohých smeroch
sa stránka YouTube podobá učebni.
sa stránka YouTube podobá učebni.
11:41
But I think in a lot of ways,
the YouTube page resembles a classroom.
the YouTube page resembles a classroom.
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Pozrite si napríklad Minute Physics,
11:46
Look for instance at "Minute Physics,"
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chlapa, ktorý učí svet o fyzike:
11:48
a guy who's teaching
the world about physics:
the world about physics:
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(video)
Prejdime k podstate.
Prejdime k podstate.
11:50
(Video) Let's cut to the chase.
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K 4. júlu 2012 bol Higgsov bozón
poslednou základnou časticou
poslednou základnou časticou
11:52
As of July 4, 2012, the Higgs boson
is the last fundamental piece
is the last fundamental piece
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štandardného modelu časticovej fyziky,
ktorú zostávalo objaviť pokusmi.
ktorú zostávalo objaviť pokusmi.
11:55
of the standard model of particle physics
to be discovered experimentally.
to be discovered experimentally.
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Ale môžete sa pýtať,
prečo bol Higgsov bozón
prečo bol Higgsov bozón
11:59
But, you might ask,
why was the Higgs boson
why was the Higgs boson
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zahrnutý do štandardného modelu
12:01
included in the standard model,
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spolu so známymi časticami
ako elektróny, fotóny a kvarky,
ako elektróny, fotóny a kvarky,
12:02
alongside well-known particles
like electrons and photons and quarks,
like electrons and photons and quarks,
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keď ho nebojavili vtedy
v sedemdesiatych rokoch?
v sedemdesiatych rokoch?
12:06
if it hadn't been discovered
back then in the 1970s?
back then in the 1970s?
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Dobrá otázka. Existujú dva hlavné dôvody.
12:08
Good question. There are two main reasons.
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Po prvé, tak ako je elektrón
excitáciou elektrónového poľa,
excitáciou elektrónového poľa,
12:10
First, just like the electron
is an excitation in the electron field,
is an excitation in the electron field,
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Higgsov bozón je jednoducho
častica, ktorá je excitáciou
častica, ktorá je excitáciou
12:14
the Higgs boson is simply a particle
which is an excitation
which is an excitation
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všade prenikajúceho Higgsovho poľa.
12:16
of the everywhere-permeating Higgs field.
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Higgsovo pole zasa hrá zásadnú úlohu
12:18
The Higgs field in turn
plays an integral role
plays an integral role
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v našom modeli slabej jadrovej sily.
12:21
in our model for the weak nuclear force.
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Konkrétne pomáha vysvetliť,
prečo je taká slabá.
prečo je taká slabá.
12:23
In particular, the Higgs field
helps explain why it's so weak.
helps explain why it's so weak.
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Viac o tom v ďalšom videu,
12:26
We'll talk more about this
in a later video,
in a later video,
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ale hoci bola slabá jadrová teória
potvrdená už v osemdesiatych rokoch,
potvrdená už v osemdesiatych rokoch,
12:28
but even though weak nuclear theory was
confirmed in the 1980s, in the equations,
confirmed in the 1980s, in the equations,
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Higgsovo pole je v rovniciach také
zviazané so slabou silou, že sme doteraz
zviazané so slabou silou, že sme doteraz
12:32
the Higgs field is so inextricably jumbled
with the weak force, that until now
with the weak force, that until now
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nedokázali potvrdiť jeho
skutočnú a nezávislú existenciu.
skutočnú a nezávislú existenciu.
12:35
we've been unable to confirm
its actual and independent existence.
its actual and independent existence.
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JG: Tu je video, ktoré som vytvoril
12:39
JG: Or here's a video that I made
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v rámci môjho programu Crash Course,
a hovorí o 1. svetovej vojne:
a hovorí o 1. svetovej vojne:
12:40
as part of my show "Crash Course,"
talking about World War I:
talking about World War I:
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(video) Bezprostrednou príčinou bola,
samozrejme, sarajevská vražda
samozrejme, sarajevská vražda
12:44
(Video) The immediate cause was
of course the assassination in Sarajevo
of course the assassination in Sarajevo
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rakúskeho arcivojvodu Františka Ferdinanda
12:47
of the Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand,
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spáchaná 28. júna 1914 bosniansko-srbským
nacionalistom Gavrilom Principom.
nacionalistom Gavrilom Principom.
12:49
on June 28, 1914, by a Bosnian-Serb
nationalist named Gavrilo Princip.
nationalist named Gavrilo Princip.
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Rýchla odbočka: je zaujímavé,
12:54
Quick aside: It's worth noting
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že prvá veľká vojna
dvadsiateho storočia začala
dvadsiateho storočia začala
12:55
that the first big war
of the twentieth century began
of the twentieth century began
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teroristickým činom.
12:58
with an act of terrorism.
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František Ferdinand
nebol veľký obľúbenec
nebol veľký obľúbenec
12:59
So Franz Ferdinand
wasn't particularly well-liked
wasn't particularly well-liked
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svojho strýka, cisára
Františka Jozefa, to sú ale fúzy!
Františka Jozefa, to sú ale fúzy!
13:01
by his uncle, the emperor Franz Joseph --
now that is a mustache!
now that is a mustache!
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No aj tak atentát viedol k rakúskemu
vyhláseniu ultimáta voči Srbsku,
vyhláseniu ultimáta voči Srbsku,
13:05
But even so, the assassination led Austria
to issue an ultimatum to Serbia,
to issue an ultimatum to Serbia,
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z ktorého Srbsko prijalo niektoré,
ale nie všetky požiadavky,
ale nie všetky požiadavky,
13:09
whereupon Serbia accepted some,
but not all, of Austria's demands,
but not all, of Austria's demands,
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a tak Rakúsko vyhlásilo Srbsku vojnu.
13:12
leading Austria to declare
war against Serbia.
war against Serbia.
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Potom Rusi pre svoje spojenectvo
so Srbmi zmobilizovali armádu.
so Srbmi zmobilizovali armádu.
13:14
And then Russia, due to its alliance
with the Serbs, mobilized its army.
with the Serbs, mobilized its army.
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Nemecko, ktoré bolo spojencom Rakúska,
13:18
Germany, because it had
an alliance with Austria,
an alliance with Austria,
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kázalo Rusku prestať,
13:20
told Russia to stop mobilizing,
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ale Rusko neuposlúchlo, a tak
Nemecko zmobilizovalo svoju armádu,
Nemecko zmobilizovalo svoju armádu,
13:22
which Russia failed to do, so then Germany
mobilized its own army,
mobilized its own army,
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vyhlásilo vojnu Rusku, upevnilo
spojenectvo s Osmanskou ríšou
spojenectvo s Osmanskou ríšou
13:25
declared war on Russia,
cemented an alliance with the Ottomans,
cemented an alliance with the Ottomans,
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a potom vyhlásilo vojnu Francúzsku,
pretože, viete, Francúzsko.
pretože, viete, Francúzsko.
13:28
and then declared war on France,
because, you know, France.
because, you know, France.
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(smiech)
13:32
(Laughter)
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A ľudia sa na YouTube
13:35
And it's not just physics
and world history
and world history
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neučia len fyziku a dejepis.
13:37
that people are choosing
to learn through YouTube.
to learn through YouTube.
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Tu je video o abstraktnej matematike.
13:41
Here's a video about abstract mathematics.
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13:46
(Video) So you're me, and you're
in math class yet again,
in math class yet again,
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(video) Takže ste mnou a ste
znova na hodine matematiky,
znova na hodine matematiky,
pretože vás sem nútia chodiť každý deň.
13:48
because they make you go every single day.
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2002
Učíte sa o, čo ja viem,
súčte nekonečných postupností.
súčte nekonečných postupností.
13:50
And you're learning about, I don't know,
the sums of infinite series.
the sums of infinite series.
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Je to stredoškolské učivo, však?
13:54
That's a high school topic, right?
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Je to zvláštne, pretože je to skvelá téma,
ale nejako sa im podarilo pobabrať ju.
ale nejako sa im podarilo pobabrať ju.
13:55
Which is odd, because it's a cool topic,
but they somehow manage to ruin it anyway.
but they somehow manage to ruin it anyway.
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Zrejme preto teda v osnovách
povoľujú nekonečné postupnosti.
povoľujú nekonečné postupnosti.
13:59
So I guess that's why they allow
infinite series in the curriculum.
infinite series in the curriculum.
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A tak si v pochopiteľnej
potrebe rozptýlenia kreslíte
potrebe rozptýlenia kreslíte
14:02
So, in a quite understandable need
for distraction, you're doodling
for distraction, you're doodling
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3152
a rozmýšľate viac o tom,
aký je plurál slova vírus
aký je plurál slova vírus
14:06
and thinking more about what
the plural of "series" should be
the plural of "series" should be
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ako o predkladanom učive: vírusy,
víri či víry?
víri či víry?
14:09
than about the topic at hand: "serieses,"
"seriese," "seriesen," and "serii?"
"seriese," "seriesen," and "serii?"
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3642
Alebo je singulár vír
14:12
Or is it that the singular should be
changed: one "serie," or "serum,"
changed: one "serie," or "serum,"
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a singulár slova kiwi by mal byť kiva?
14:16
just like the singular of "sheep"
should be "shoop."
should be "shoop."
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2444
Avšak celá myšlienka, že
14:18
But the whole concept of things
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1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/16 atď. sa blíži
k jednej, je užitočná, ak napríklad
k jednej, je užitočná, ak napríklad
14:20
like 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/16 and so on
approaches one, is useful if, say,
approaches one, is useful if, say,
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3461
chcete nakresliť rad slonov,
14:23
you want to draw a line of elephants,
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z ktorých každý drží chvost ďalšieho:
14:25
each holding the tail of the next one:
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normálny slon, mladý slon,
slonie mláďa, slon veľkosti psa,
slonie mláďa, slon veľkosti psa,
14:27
normal elephant, young elephant,
baby elephant, dog-sized elephant,
baby elephant, dog-sized elephant,
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slon veľkosti šteniatka,
až po slona chrobáka a tak ďalej.
až po slona chrobáka a tak ďalej.
14:30
puppy-sized elephant, all the way
down to Mr. Tusks and beyond.
down to Mr. Tusks and beyond.
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Čo je aspoň trošičku zaujímavé,
14:33
Which is at least a tiny bit awesome,
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1781
lebo môžete nakresliť
nekonečné množstvo slonov
nekonečné množstvo slonov
14:35
because you can get an infinite number
of elephants in a line,
of elephants in a line,
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a stále sa vám vojdú
na jedinú stranu zošita.
na jedinú stranu zošita.
14:38
and still have it fit across
a single notebook page.
a single notebook page.
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JG: A napokon, tu je Destin
zo Smarter Every Day,
zo Smarter Every Day,
14:40
JG: And lastly, here's Destin,
from "Smarter Every Day,"
from "Smarter Every Day,"
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2622
ktorý hovorí o zachovaní momentu hybnosti
14:43
talking about the conservation
of angular momentum,
of angular momentum,
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a, keďže je to YouTube, je o mačkách:
14:45
and, since it's YouTube, cats:
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1477
(video) Ahojte, to som ja, Destin.
Vitajte v Smarter Every Day.
Vitajte v Smarter Every Day.
14:47
(Video) Hey, it's me, Destin.
Welcome back to "Smarter Every Day."
Welcome back to "Smarter Every Day."
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3111
Pravdepodobne ste si všimli,
že mačky skoro vždy pristávajú na nohách.
že mačky skoro vždy pristávajú na nohách.
14:50
So you've probably observed that cats
almost always land on their feet.
almost always land on their feet.
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3342
Dnešná otázka znie: Prečo?
14:53
Today's question is: why?
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881450
1960
Ako väčšina jednoduchých otázok
má veľmi zložitú odpoveď.
má veľmi zložitú odpoveď.
14:55
Like most simple questions,
there's a very complex answer.
there's a very complex answer.
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2756
Nechajte ma položiť otázku inak:
14:58
For instance, let me reword this question:
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2010
Ako mačka v padajúcej vzťažnej sústave
prejde z nohami hore na nohami dole
prejde z nohami hore na nohami dole
15:00
How does a cat go from feet-up
to feet-down in a falling reference frame,
to feet-down in a falling reference frame,
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bez porušenia zákona
o zachovaní momentu hybnosti?
o zachovaní momentu hybnosti?
15:05
without violating the conservation
of angular momentum?
of angular momentum?
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2965
(smiech)
15:08
(Laughter)
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1011
JG: Všetky štyri videá
majú niečo spoločné,
majú niečo spoločné,
15:09
JG: So, here's something all four
of these videos have in common:
of these videos have in common:
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15:13
They all have more than half
a million views on YouTube.
a million views on YouTube.
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3119
všetky majú na YouTube
viac ako pol milióna zhliadnutí.
viac ako pol milióna zhliadnutí.
A to ľuďmi, ktorí ich
nepozerajú v učebniach,
nepozerajú v učebniach,
15:16
And those are people watching
not in classrooms,
not in classrooms,
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ale preto, že patria
do študentských skupín,
do študentských skupín,
15:19
but because they are part
of the communities of learning
of the communities of learning
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3641
ktoré okolo týchto kanálov vznikajú.
15:23
that are being set up by these channels.
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2015
15:25
And I said earlier that YouTube
is like a classroom to me,
is like a classroom to me,
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2731
Ako som už povedal, pre mňa
je YouTube ako učebňa,
je YouTube ako učebňa,
do veľkej miery je to tak,
pretože tu je inštruktor,
pretože tu je inštruktor,
15:28
and in many ways it is,
because here is the instructor --
because here is the instructor --
316
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2683
ako v staromódnej učebni: tu je učiteľ
15:31
it's like the old-fashioned classroom:
here's the instructor,
here's the instructor,
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3018
a tu pod učiteľom sú študenti
15:34
and then beneath the instructor
are the students,
are the students,
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2323
a všetci spolu konverzujú.
15:36
and they're all having a conversation.
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2071
Viem, že komentáre na YouTube
majú v internetovom svete
majú v internetovom svete
15:38
And I know that YouTube comments
have a very bad reputation
have a very bad reputation
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4029
veľmi zlú povesť,
15:42
in the world of the Internet,
321
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1395
ale ak si pozriete komentáre
na týchto kanáloch,
na týchto kanáloch,
15:44
but in fact, if you go on comments
for these channels,
for these channels,
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3071
nájdete ľudí diskutujúcich o téme videa,
15:47
what you'll find is people engaging
the subject matter,
the subject matter,
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3155
pýtajúcich sa náročné,
komplikované otázky k téme videa
komplikované otázky k téme videa
15:50
asking difficult, complicated questions
that are about the subject matter,
that are about the subject matter,
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4247
a ďalších, ktorí na ne odpovedajú.
15:54
and then other people
answering those questions.
answering those questions.
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2738
A pretože stránka YouTube je usporiadaná
tak, že priestor, na ktorom rozprávam,
tak, že priestor, na ktorom rozprávam,
15:57
And because the YouTube page is set up so
that the page in which I'm talking to you
that the page in which I'm talking to you
326
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4834
miesto, kde k vám hovorím,
je na presne rovnakej strane
je na presne rovnakej strane
16:02
is on the exact -- the place where I'm
talking to you is on the exact same page
talking to you is on the exact same page
327
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3843
ako vaše komentáre,
16:06
as your comments,
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1158
veľmi živým, skutočným a aktívnym
spôsobom sa zúčastňujete konverzácie.
spôsobom sa zúčastňujete konverzácie.
16:07
you are participating in a live and real
and active way in the conversation.
and active way in the conversation.
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5632
A pretože zvyčajne aj komentujem,
mám možnosť s vami spolupracovať.
mám možnosť s vami spolupracovať.
16:13
And because I'm in comments usually,
I get to participate with you.
I get to participate with you.
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3571
A takto to vyzerá, či ide o dejiny sveta,
16:16
And you find this
whether it's world history,
whether it's world history,
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2454
matematiku, vedu alebo čokoľvek iné.
16:19
or mathematics, or science,
or whatever it is.
or whatever it is.
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3062
Vidíte tiež mladých ľudí používať
internetové nástroje či žánre
internetové nástroje či žánre
16:22
You also see young people using the tools
and the sort of genres of the Internet
and the sort of genres of the Internet
333
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5618
na vytváranie priestorov,
ktoré umožňujú intelektuálnu aktivitu
ktoré umožňujú intelektuálnu aktivitu
16:27
in order to create places
for intellectual engagement,
for intellectual engagement,
334
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3077
namiesto ironického odstupu,
16:31
instead of the ironic detachment
335
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1600
ktorí si asi mnohí z nás spájajú s memami
a inými internetovými zvyklosťami.
a inými internetovými zvyklosťami.
16:32
that maybe most of us associate with memes
and other Internet conventions --
and other Internet conventions --
336
980500
4697
Viete, "Nudil som sa.
Vymyslel som algebru."
Vymyslel som algebru."
16:37
you know, "Got bored. Invented calculus."
337
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2524
Alebo tu je Honey Boo Boo
kritizujúci priemyselný kapitalizmus:
kritizujúci priemyselný kapitalizmus:
16:39
Or, here's Honey Boo Boo
criticizing industrial capitalism:
criticizing industrial capitalism:
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3451
[„Liberálny kapitalizmus vôbec nie je
dobrom ľudstva.
dobrom ľudstva.
16:43
["Liberal capitalism is not at all
the Good of humanity.
the Good of humanity.
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2666
Práve naopak, je nástrojom
divokého, deštruktívneho nihilizmu.“]
divokého, deštruktívneho nihilizmu.“]
16:46
Quite the contrary; it is the vehicle
of savage, destructive nihilism."]
of savage, destructive nihilism."]
340
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3559
Ak nevidíte, čo hovorí… dobre.
16:49
In case you can't see
what she says ... yeah.
what she says ... yeah.
341
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2284
16:52
I really believe that these spaces,
342
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3657
Naozaj verím, že tieto priestory,
tieto skupiny sa pre novú
generáciu študentov stali
generáciu študentov stali
16:56
these communities, have become
for a new generation of learners,
for a new generation of learners,
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5033
tým druhom skupín, tým druhom
kartografických skupín,
kartografických skupín,
17:01
the kind of communities,
the kind of cartographic communities
the kind of cartographic communities
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4365
ktoré som ja mal, keď som bol na strednej
a potom na vysokej škole.
a potom na vysokej škole.
17:05
that I had when I was in high school,
and then again when I was in college.
and then again when I was in college.
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4543
Ako dospelého ma
znovuobjavenie týchto skupín
znovuobjavenie týchto skupín
17:10
And as an adult, re-finding
these communities
these communities
346
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3269
nanovo priviedlo do spoločnosti študentov
17:13
has re-introduced me
to a community of learners,
to a community of learners,
347
1021312
3310
a povzbudilo ma, aby som aj
v dospelosti zostal študentom
v dospelosti zostal študentom
17:16
and has encouraged me to continue
to be a learner even in my adulthood,
to be a learner even in my adulthood,
348
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a nemal viac pocit, že učenie sa
je niečo vyhradené pre mladých.
je niečo vyhradené pre mladých.
17:21
so that I no longer feel like learning
is something reserved for the young.
is something reserved for the young.
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Vi Hart a Minute Physics mi predstavili
17:26
Vi Hart and "Minute Physics" introduced me
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neuveriteľne veľa vecí,
ktoré som predtým nepoznal.
ktoré som predtým nepoznal.
17:28
to all kinds of things
that I didn't know before.
that I didn't know before.
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17:31
And I know that we all hearken back
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A viem, že sa všetci vraciame
do dní parížskeho salónu v osvietenstve
17:33
to the days of the Parisian salon
in the Enlightenment,
in the Enlightenment,
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alebo k algonquinskému okrúhlemu stolu
17:36
or to the Algonquin Round Table, and wish,
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a želáme si: „Och, keby som tam mohol byť.
17:38
"Oh, I wish I could have been
a part of that,
a part of that,
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Kiežby som sa mohol smiať
na vtipoch Dorothy Parkerovej.“
na vtipoch Dorothy Parkerovej.“
17:40
I wish I could have laughed
at Dorothy Parker's jokes."
at Dorothy Parker's jokes."
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Som tu však, aby som vám povedal,
že tieto miesta ešte stále existujú.
že tieto miesta ešte stále existujú.
17:43
But I'm here to tell you that these places
exist, they still exist.
exist, they still exist.
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Existujú v kútoch internetu,
kam sa starší boja vkročiť.
kam sa starší boja vkročiť.
17:48
They exist in corners of the Internet,
where old men fear to tread.
where old men fear to tread.
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(smiech)
17:53
(Laughter)
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A skutočne, skutočne verím, že keď sme
v 60. rokoch vytvorili Agloe v New Yorku,
v 60. rokoch vytvorili Agloe v New Yorku,
17:54
And I truly, truly believe that when
we invented Agloe, New York, in the 1960s,
we invented Agloe, New York, in the 1960s,
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keď sme Agloe dali život,
ešte sme sa len rozbiehali.
ešte sme sa len rozbiehali.
18:01
when we made Agloe real,
we were just getting started.
we were just getting started.
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18:05
Thank you.
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Ďakujem.
(potlesk)
18:06
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
John Green - WriterThe author of "The Fault in Our Stars" and "Paper Towns," John Green is a passionate online video maker.
Why you should listen
John Green is the author of Looking for Alaska, An Abundance of Katherines, Paper Towns, and The Fault in Our Stars. He is also the coauthor, with David Levithan, of Will Grayson, Will Grayson.
In 2007, Green and his brother Hank ceased textual communication and began to talk primarily through videoblogs posted to YouTube. The videos spawned a community of people called nerdfighters who fight for intellectualism and to decrease the overall worldwide level of suck. (Decreasing suck takes many forms: Nerdfighters have raised hundreds of thousands of dollars to fight poverty in the developing world; they also planted thousands of trees around the world in May of 2010 to celebrate Hank’s 30th birthday.) Although they have long since resumed textual communication, John and Hank continue to upload two videos a week to their YouTube channel, vlogbrothers. Their videos have been viewed more than 500 million times, and their channel is one of the most popular in the history of online video.
John Green | Speaker | TED.com