TEDxPhoenix
Lucianne Walkowicz: Look up for a change
Filmed:
Readability: 3.9
295,630 views
TED Fellow Lucianne Walkowicz asks: How often do you see the true beauty of the night sky? At TEDxPhoenix, she shows how light pollution is ruining the extraordinary -- and often ignored -- experience of seeing directly into space.
(Filmed at TEDxPhoenix.)
Lucianne Walkowicz - Stellar astronomer
Lucianne Walkowicz works on NASA's Kepler mission, studying starspots and "the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares." Full bio
Lucianne Walkowicz works on NASA's Kepler mission, studying starspots and "the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares." Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
夜空，是人类与生俱来的共享资源。
00:16
The sky is inherently democratic.
0
320
2235
原则上来说，任何人、在任何地方，
都可以欣赏夜空的美——
都可以欣赏夜空的美——
00:18
It's accessible, in principle, anyway,
by anyone, everywhere,
by anyone, everywhere,
1
3079
4263
你只需轻轻抬头仰望。
00:23
just simply by the act of looking up.
2
7366
2556
00:26
But like so many
beautiful things around us,
beautiful things around us,
3
10485
2965
然而，如同我们身边
很多其它美丽的事物一样，
很多其它美丽的事物一样，
夜空正在逐渐消逝，
而我们却未曾察觉，
而我们却未曾察觉，
00:29
it's slipping away from us,
and we haven't even noticed,
and we haven't even noticed,
4
13474
2964
因为，我们根本看都没看一眼。
00:32
because we're honestly not really looking.
5
16462
2526
00:35
So what do we look at instead?
6
19647
1997
那我们看的究竟事什么呢？
我们在看手机、玩电脑，
00:37
Well, we look at our phones,
we look at our computers,
we look at our computers,
7
21668
4088
我们注视着各种各样的电子屏幕。
00:41
we look at screens of all kinds.
8
25780
1673
说实在的，我们甚至很少费心
00:43
And honestly, we rarely
even take the trouble
even take the trouble
9
27477
2829
去抬头注视彼此，
00:46
to look up enough to see each other,
10
30330
2348
更不要说走出房门、
抬头仰望真正的天空了。
抬头仰望真正的天空了。
00:48
let alone taking that next step
to looking up at the actual sky.
to looking up at the actual sky.
11
32702
3939
00:53
Now, there's a tendency to think
that the loss of our dark night skies
that the loss of our dark night skies
12
37625
5014
越来越多的人认为，
夜空的消逝是科技进步、
社会发展的必然结果。
社会发展的必然结果。
00:58
is the inevitable outcome
of progress, change, technology.
of progress, change, technology.
13
42663
3545
01:02
And you know, that's just simply not true.
14
46637
2073
但这并不是真正的原因。
01:04
Later on, I'll tell you why.
15
48734
1728
接下来，我将告诉你为什么。
01:06
But first, I want to tell you
about my experience of the dark night sky.
about my experience of the dark night sky.
16
50985
3630
首先，我想给你们讲讲
我自己有关夜空的经历。
我自己有关夜空的经历。
01:10
I never saw a truly dark night
sky until I was 15.
sky until I was 15.
17
55091
4110
我直到十五岁时，
才见过真正的夜空。
才见过真正的夜空。
当时，我就在亚利桑那州。
01:15
I was here, in Arizona.
18
59225
1718
01:17
I was on a road trip;
I pulled over somewhere.
I pulled over somewhere.
19
61649
3266
那是一次旅途，我们
在一个地方靠边停了车。
在一个地方靠边停了车。
当时除了州名以外，
我对身在何处一无所知。
我对身在何处一无所知。
01:20
I have no idea where I was,
except I know what state.
except I know what state.
20
64939
2787
01:24
And I looked up,
21
68339
1397
就那么不经意地抬头一望，
01:25
and the sky was just filled
with an impossible number of stars.
with an impossible number of stars.
22
69760
4263
我看到了布满繁星的夜空！
01:30
You see, I'm from New York City,
23
74833
2119
想想看，我来自纽约，
01:32
and in New York, you can see the moon,
you can see a couple of stars.
you can see a couple of stars.
24
76976
5067
在那个城市，你只能看到
月亮和几颗“零星”，
月亮和几颗“零星”，
01:37
More often than not, they turn out
to be airplanes when they land.
to be airplanes when they land.
25
82067
3169
而且通常当“零星”降落时，
你才发现，它们其实是飞机。
你才发现，它们其实是飞机。
01:41
(Laughter)
26
85260
1009
（笑声）
01:42
But there's really not much else.
27
86293
1606
除此之外，也没什么其它东西了。
01:43
As a result, most of my colleagues
who are astronomers
who are astronomers
28
87923
3555
我的大多数天文学家同事们，
01:47
spent at least part of their youth
looking up at the sky in their backyard.
looking up at the sky in their backyard.
29
91502
4069
至少都有过一段夜晚在
自家后院数星星的童年时光，
自家后院数星星的童年时光，
01:51
I never really had that experience,
30
95595
1965
而我，却从未有过那种经历。
01:53
and, as a result, I'm really
disappointing on camping trips.
disappointing on camping trips.
31
97584
3796
所以在露营旅途中，
我的表现令人大失所望：
我的表现令人大失所望：
01:57
I don't really know many constellations.
32
101404
2883
关于星座方面的知识极其有限，
02:00
The ones I do know,
you probably know them, too.
you probably know them, too.
33
104311
2855
而我所知道的为数不多的几个星座，
相信在座的各位也都耳熟能详。
相信在座的各位也都耳熟能详。
但我永远不会忘记
02:03
But I'll never forget that experience
34
107926
2331
02:06
of the first time I saw
the dark night sky.
the dark night sky.
35
110281
2629
平生第一次看到夜空的经历，
02:08
And I was just flabbergasted
at how many stars there were.
at how many stars there were.
36
112934
4078
那漫天的繁星深深震撼了我，
02:12
And I felt tiny.
37
117036
1793
让我感到自己无比渺小。
02:15
Then I also felt like,
"Where's this been hiding this whole time?
"Where's this been hiding this whole time?
38
119923
5332
接下来，我就有了这样的疑惑：
这些奇景一直以来被藏在了哪里？
这些奇景一直以来被藏在了哪里？
02:21
Who's been hiding this sky from me?"
39
125279
2013
是谁藏匿了这样的天空？
02:23
Of course, the answer is obvious
if you think about it
if you think about it
40
128030
2753
不过仔细一想，
答案其实显而易见，
答案其实显而易见，
02:27
or if you look at the picture on the left,
41
131336
2099
或者看一下左边的照片就明白了，
02:29
where you're seeing the same neighborhood
taken during a blackout
taken during a blackout
42
133459
4722
这是同一街区停电时拍摄的夜空，
02:34
versus on an ordinary night.
43
138205
1423
右边是普通夜晚拍摄的夜空照片。
02:36
You can't see the stars
if you drown them out with light.
if you drown them out with light.
44
140253
2884
当星星被灯光淹没时，
你自然就看不到它们。
你自然就看不到它们。
02:40
Take a look at our planet.
45
144497
1673
现在请审视一下我们的地球，
02:42
This is our planet from space.
46
146194
1608
这是从太空拍摄的地球。
02:44
Unlike stars, which are hot and glow
invisible light so we can see them,
invisible light so we can see them,
47
148200
5135
恒星发出热量和不可见光，
所以我们能看到它们，
所以我们能看到它们，
02:49
our planet is, astronomically
speaking, pretty cold.
speaking, pretty cold.
48
153359
3526
而地球与恒星不同，
从天文学上讲，地球很冷，
从天文学上讲，地球很冷，
02:53
So it doesn't really glow.
49
157703
1535
所以其自身并不发光。
02:55
When you see the planet looking
like a blue-green marble
like a blue-green marble
50
159798
3659
当你看到图中展现的这颗
如蓝绿色大理石般的地球时，
02:59
the way it does in this picture,
51
163481
1554
你能看见它，是因为
它反射了太阳光的缘故。
它反射了太阳光的缘故。
03:00
you're seeing it because the sunlight
is reflecting off of it,
is reflecting off of it,
52
165059
3260
03:04
and that's why you can see
the oceans, the clouds, the land.
the oceans, the clouds, the land.
53
168343
3583
这也是为什么你能看到
海洋、云朵和陆地。
海洋、云朵和陆地。
03:07
So if the sun wasn't shining on it,
54
171950
1903
也就是说，如果没有太阳的照射，
03:09
we wouldn't be able
to see the earth, right?
to see the earth, right?
55
173877
2260
我们就看不到地球了，对吗？
03:12
Or would we?
56
177016
1439
或者，我们依然能看到它？
03:15
This is our earth at night,
57
179293
1975
这是夜晚的地球，
03:17
and it is one of the most
striking examples
striking examples
58
181292
2111
这是人类在全球范围内
03:19
of how we have affected
our planet on a global scale.
our planet on a global scale.
59
183427
3262
对地球造成显著影响的例子之一。
03:22
You can see light spidering out
across the globe everywhere.
across the globe everywhere.
60
186713
4567
你可以看到光亮散播到了
全球的各个角落，
全球的各个角落，
03:27
Now, of course, there are broad expanses
of ocean that are still dark,
of ocean that are still dark,
61
191304
3404
当然，现在广阔的海洋
依旧处于黑暗中，
依旧处于黑暗中，
03:30
and in many underdeveloped areas
there's still darkness.
there's still darkness.
62
194732
3914
很多不发达的地区
看起来也是漆黑一片，
看起来也是漆黑一片，
03:34
But you'll notice
that this is a pretty global effect.
that this is a pretty global effect.
63
198670
3103
但你会发现这其实
已经成为了全球现象。
已经成为了全球现象。
当提到灯火通明的地方时，
我们总会想起那些最极端的例子，
我们总会想起那些最极端的例子，
03:40
We tend to think, when we think
of places being lit up,
of places being lit up,
64
204163
3036
03:43
of very extreme examples --
Times Square, the Vegas Strip.
Times Square, the Vegas Strip.
65
207223
3828
比如时代广场、拉斯维加斯大道。
03:47
But really what that picture shows you
66
211670
2075
但那张整个地球的照明情况图片
03:49
is that it's not just
these extreme examples,
these extreme examples,
67
213769
2530
显示的不仅仅是这几个极端个例，
而是任何使用户外照明的地方，
03:52
it's anywhere that uses outdoor lighting.
68
216323
2726
03:54
This tends to be a really
dramatic effect on the ground.
dramatic effect on the ground.
69
219073
2952
这往往给地球表面
带来真正巨大的影响。
带来真正巨大的影响。
03:58
To understand why,
70
222663
1227
想知道为什么，
03:59
all you really have to do
is think about the shape of a lightbulb.
is think about the shape of a lightbulb.
71
223914
3222
你只需想想灯泡的形状。
为了实用的目的，
04:03
The lightbulb, for all practical purposes,
72
227160
2303
灯泡基本上都是圆的。
04:05
is more or less round.
73
229487
1367
04:07
This is great for its original intended
purpose of lighting up the indoors.
purpose of lighting up the indoors.
74
231589
3799
这正符合它最初的
目的——室内照明，
目的——室内照明，
04:11
You turn it on, light goes everywhere.
75
235412
2144
你打开灯，灯光照射到
房间的每个角落。
房间的每个角落。
04:13
An individual light bulb can light up
your whole room, more or less.
your whole room, more or less.
76
237580
3763
一个灯泡就能照亮整个房间，
只是明暗程度的差异。
只是明暗程度的差异。
04:17
Now, that's great
if you're lighting the indoors,
if you're lighting the indoors,
77
241367
3094
如果你想照亮室内，
这确实非常有效；
这确实非常有效；
04:20
but in its application
in outdoor lighting,
in outdoor lighting,
78
244485
2770
但当我们用于室外照明时，
传统的灯泡形状，
04:23
that traditional shape of the light bulb,
79
247279
1980
04:25
the sort of globe that spreads
light everywhere,
light everywhere,
80
249283
3002
即那种向四周传播
光线的球形灯泡，
光线的球形灯泡，
04:28
is actually very inefficient.
81
252309
1704
其实是十分低效的。
04:29
When you're outdoors,
mostly what you care about
mostly what you care about
82
254037
2382
当你身处室外时，
你最关心的是照亮你
脚下的地面和周围的环境。
脚下的地面和周围的环境。
04:32
is lighting the ground beneath you
and your immediate surroundings.
and your immediate surroundings.
83
256443
4077
04:36
All of that light that gets scattered
outwards and upwards
outwards and upwards
84
260544
3998
所有那些分散向外或向上的光，
04:40
doesn't actually help you
light the area around you.
light the area around you.
85
264566
2430
都并不能帮你有效地
照亮你周围的区域。
照亮你周围的区域。
04:42
What it does is scatters up into the sky
86
267020
2613
它只是将光线散射到天空，
04:45
and becomes what we call
"light pollution."
"light pollution."
87
269657
2051
造成我们所说的“光污染”。
04:47
Even if you don't care anything
about stargazing, this should worry you,
about stargazing, this should worry you,
88
271732
4657
即使你不在意星象观测，
你也应该关心光污染，
你也应该关心光污染，
04:52
because it means that 60-70% of the energy
we use to light the outdoors
we use to light the outdoors
89
276413
4859
因为，它意味着我们用于
室外照明的60-70%的能量
室外照明的60-70%的能量
04:57
is wasted by blotting out the stars.
90
281296
2625
被浪费在屏蔽夜晚的星光了。
05:01
Now, like I said,
I'm a big fan of technology.
I'm a big fan of technology.
91
285625
2824
正如我所说的，我是个大科技迷，
05:04
Obviously, I use technology
every day; I'm a scientist.
every day; I'm a scientist.
92
288473
3118
作为一个科学家，显然
每天我都使用高科技。
每天我都使用高科技。
05:08
And there's this tendency
to say that it's progress that --
to say that it's progress that --
93
292208
3209
大家倾向于认为这是进步——
05:11
you know, I'm not suggesting
we're going to all go live by candlelight.
we're going to all go live by candlelight.
94
295441
5100
我并非建议大家在烛光下生活。
05:16
Indeed, technology is allowing us
to access the sky
to access the sky
95
300565
3809
确实，科技使我们能够接近天空，
05:20
in ways that are impossible otherwise.
96
304398
2452
用一种只有科技能够做到的方式，
05:22
One of the greatest examples of this is,
of course, the Hubble Space Telescope.
of course, the Hubble Space Telescope.
97
306874
4305
当然，最伟大的例子
就是哈勃太空望远镜。
就是哈勃太空望远镜。
05:27
The Hubble went up into space,
it returns pictures daily,
it returns pictures daily,
98
311203
3957
哈勃望远镜被发射进入太空，
每天都传回大量照片，
每天都传回大量照片，
05:31
and it allows us to see things
99
315184
1551
让我们看到太空的事物，
05:32
that we are incapable of seeing
with our naked eye,
with our naked eye,
100
316759
3217
这些都是我们肉眼所看不到的，
05:35
in ways that we've never been able
to do before in all of human history.
to do before in all of human history.
101
320000
3985
在人类历史的任何阶段，
我们都从没这么做过。
我们都从没这么做过。
05:40
Other examples of this
would be planetarium shows.
would be planetarium shows.
102
324971
3057
其它类似的例子
当然还有天体展示。
当然还有天体展示。
05:43
In the past couple of years, planetarium
shows have become more high-tech
shows have become more high-tech
103
328052
4172
在过去的几年里，借助
这些超棒的可视化信息，
这些超棒的可视化信息，
天体展示变得越来越高科技化，
05:48
with these great visualizations,
104
332248
1936
05:50
and even though this isn't access
directly to the sky,
directly to the sky,
105
334208
2524
即使这并不是直接亲身接触天空，
05:52
it's at least access
to our knowledge about the sky.
to our knowledge about the sky.
106
336756
2915
但至少让我们获得了
关于天空的知识。
关于天空的知识。
05:55
And indeed, we can experience
the sky in a planetarium
the sky in a planetarium
107
339695
2752
的确，我们可以在天文馆体验那种
05:58
in a way that is impossible for us to do
108
342471
2689
坐在室外、望向漆黑的夜空
所体验不到的感觉。
06:01
just sitting out and looking in the dark.
109
345184
2184
06:04
All of you have heard of the Hubble
Space Telescope and of planetariums.
Space Telescope and of planetariums.
110
348441
3820
你们大概都听说过
哈勃太空望远镜和天文馆。
哈勃太空望远镜和天文馆。
06:08
But there are also ways
for technology to enable participation
for technology to enable participation
111
352285
3969
但是也有一些技术可以
让人们参与到关于天空的、
06:12
in people's experience of the sky
112
356278
1875
06:14
that you may not be familiar with.
113
358177
1694
你可能不熟悉的体验中，
06:15
These are called
"citizen science projects."
"citizen science projects."
114
359895
2637
这就是所谓的“平民科学项目”。
06:18
Citizen science is when large
research projects put their data online,
research projects put their data online,
115
362556
4540
平民科学是一个大的项目，
他们把数据放到互联网上，
他们把数据放到互联网上，
06:23
teach ordinary people, like you,
to go and interact with that data
to go and interact with that data
116
367120
4596
教像在座各位这样的普通人
去与数据进行交互，
去与数据进行交互，
06:27
and actually contribute to the research
117
371740
2007
通过给数据添加
有趣或必要的特征，
有趣或必要的特征，
06:29
by making interesting or necessary
characterizations about it.
characterizations about it.
118
373771
3660
进而对研究做出贡献。
06:33
One such example of this is what
I'm showing here, called "Galaxy Zoo."
I'm showing here, called "Galaxy Zoo."
119
377942
3764
类似的例子就是我现在
展示的“银河动物园”项目。
展示的“银河动物园”项目。
06:38
Galaxy Zoo is a project
120
382237
2160
银河动物园项目是这样的：
人们经过20分钟的指导——
实际上少于20分钟——
实际上少于20分钟——
06:40
where people get a 20-minute --
even less than that, actually -- tutorial
even less than that, actually -- tutorial
121
384421
5303
学习关于如何与这些
星系的图像进行交互。
星系的图像进行交互。
06:45
on how to interact
with these images of galaxies.
with these images of galaxies.
122
389748
2378
06:48
They learn to annotate the images,
123
392864
2058
他们学习为图像做注释，
06:50
and within a couple of minutes,
they're up and running,
they're up and running,
124
394946
2612
在几分钟内，
他们就能着手开始工作，
他们就能着手开始工作，
而且真正能够对这些星系
06:53
and they're making really
useful categorizations
useful categorizations
125
397582
2282
进行有用的归类和划分。
06:55
and classifications of these galaxies.
126
399888
2000
06:57
Now, it's easy to understand
127
401912
1509
很容易就能理解
为何“银河动物园”很容易
被参与其中的人所接受：
被参与其中的人所接受：
06:59
why Galaxy Zoo would be an easy sell
for people to be involved with:
for people to be involved with:
128
403445
4189
07:03
it involves pretty pictures;
129
407658
1390
它包含了漂亮的图片；
07:04
galaxies are, generally
speaking, pretty attractive.
speaking, pretty attractive.
130
409072
2977
通常来说，星系的确很吸引人。
然而，还有很多其他
类型的平民科学项目，
类型的平民科学项目，
07:07
However, there are many other flavors
of citizen science projects
of citizen science projects
131
412073
3315
07:11
that people have delved into
132
415412
1652
人们探究过的这些项目
07:12
that have varying levels of abstraction,
133
417088
3368
抽象程度各不相同，
07:16
that you wouldn't necessarily think
people would jump at.
people would jump at.
134
420480
2746
你会觉得人们不太会
立刻参与这些项目。
立刻参与这些项目。
07:19
One such example of this
is the citizen science project
is the citizen science project
135
423250
3909
一个类似的例子就是
与我参加的任务
与我参加的任务
相关的一个平民科学项目，
07:23
associated with the mission
that I'm part of,
that I'm part of,
136
427183
3196
07:26
called the Kepler Mission.
137
430403
1376
叫做“开普勒任务”。
开普勒是一个太空望远镜，
它通过精确测量恒星的光线（变化）
它通过精确测量恒星的光线（变化）
07:27
Kepler is a space telescope and it looks
for planets around other stars
for planets around other stars
138
431803
4660
来寻找恒星周围的行星。
07:32
by measuring the light
from those stars very precisely.
from those stars very precisely.
139
436487
3094
07:35
And we're looking for the dimmings
140
439605
2239
我们在寻找恒星因为光线被
（围绕其运转的行星）
（围绕其运转的行星）
07:37
caused by stars blocking off
some of that light.
some of that light.
141
441868
2910
阻挡而发生的微暗现象。
07:41
We have an associated citizen science
project called "Planet Hunters."
project called "Planet Hunters."
142
445785
3624
我们有一个与此相关的
“行星猎手”平民科学项目。
“行星猎手”平民科学项目。
07:45
Planet Hunters gives you,
like Galaxy Zoo, a short tutorial,
like Galaxy Zoo, a short tutorial,
143
450023
4551
类似于银河动物园，
这个项目也会提供给你一个短教程，
这个项目也会提供给你一个短教程，
07:50
and within a couple of minutes,
you're up and running;
you're up and running;
144
454598
2565
几分钟之后，你就可以开始工作；
你需要观察来自
开普勒任务的数据，
开普勒任务的数据，
07:53
you're looking at data
from the Kepler Mission
from the Kepler Mission
145
457187
2305
07:55
and looking for planets.
146
459516
2054
并寻找行星。
07:57
The idea behind this
is an easy sell, right?
is an easy sell, right?
147
462030
2811
背后的想法很容易被接受，对吗？
但探索行星的实际过程
包含对大量图表进行观察分析，
包含对大量图表进行观察分析，
08:00
But the actual process of planet-hunting
involves a lot of looking at graphs,
involves a lot of looking at graphs,
148
464865
4869
08:05
like the one I'm showing you here,
and annotating them.
and annotating them.
149
469758
2891
就像这里我向你们展示的一样，
需要去分析和注释它们。
需要去分析和注释它们。
08:08
I do this all day and that doesn't even
sound that interesting to me.
sound that interesting to me.
150
472673
3413
我整天都做这些工作，
所以已经不觉得那么有趣了。
所以已经不觉得那么有趣了。
08:12
However, not only are people
interested in doing this,
interested in doing this,
151
476915
3911
然而，人们不仅对此很感兴趣，
08:16
but the citizen scientists
that work with Planet Hunters
that work with Planet Hunters
152
480850
3243
而且参与‘’行星猎手‘’
项目的平民科学家们
项目的平民科学家们
08:20
have actually found planets in the data
153
484117
2892
在数据中真的发现了行星，
08:22
that would have gone
undiscovered otherwise.
undiscovered otherwise.
154
487033
2333
多亏了他们，才不至于
错失发现这些行星的机会。
错失发现这些行星的机会。
这是他们发表的关于
所发现行星论文中的
所发现行星论文中的
08:25
This is an author list
from the paper that they published
from the paper that they published
155
489390
2988
08:28
of the planet they discovered.
156
492402
1572
作者列表。
08:29
You'll see that all the people
who contributed are listed below,
who contributed are listed below,
157
493998
3074
你会看到，所有对此做出贡献的
人们都在以下名单中列出，
人们都在以下名单中列出，
08:32
and it's sort of an odd amalgam
of people's real names
of people's real names
158
497096
3165
名单有点像人们真实姓名
08:36
and their log-in names.
159
500285
1744
和他们登录名的奇怪组合。
如果仔细观察，你会发现
这是学术圈第一次认可
这是学术圈第一次认可
08:37
You'll notice if you look carefully,
this is the first academic acknowledgment
this is the first academic acknowledgment
160
502053
3746
爱尔兰咖啡在发现
行星过程中的重要性。
行星过程中的重要性。
08:41
of the importance of Irish coffee
in the discovery process.
in the discovery process.
161
505823
3229
08:44
(Laughter)
162
509076
1712
（笑声）
08:46
I don't want to give you the idea
that these are some out-of-work scientists
that these are some out-of-work scientists
163
510812
4298
我不想给你这样的错觉，
以为这些只是一些失业的科学家
以为这些只是一些失业的科学家
或一些书呆子才会痴迷的项目，
08:51
or just a bunch of nerds
that are really into this.
that are really into this.
164
515134
2736
其实，一共有6万人
参与了这些项目，
参与了这些项目，
08:53
There are 60,000 people
who participate in these projects,
who participate in these projects,
165
517894
3224
其中大部分人都没有技术背景。
08:57
and most of them don't have
technical backgrounds.
technical backgrounds.
166
521142
2589
08:59
So clearly, what this is feeding into
is people's curiosity
is people's curiosity
167
523755
3729
显然，人们参与其中
是因为好奇心驱使，
是因为好奇心驱使，
09:03
and their willingness to be part
of the scientific discovery process.
of the scientific discovery process.
168
527508
3776
还有他们参与科学
发现过程的意愿。
发现过程的意愿。
09:07
People want to do this.
169
531308
1793
人们想去做这样的事情。
09:09
But all of this technology
170
533929
2433
但是所有这些技术，
09:12
and all these digitally mediated ways
of experiencing the sky
of experiencing the sky
171
536386
3808
以及所有这些体验
天空的数码媒介方式，
天空的数码媒介方式，
09:16
still have something of a feel to me
like looking at an animal in a zoo.
like looking at an animal in a zoo.
172
540218
4257
仍带给我一种像在
动物园看动物的感觉。
动物园看动物的感觉。
09:21
It's a valid way
of experiencing that thing --
of experiencing that thing --
173
545151
2621
这是体验天空的有效方式，
09:23
indeed, the lion in the cage
is still real,
is still real,
174
547796
2781
确实，笼里的狮子依旧是真实的，
09:26
the Hubble images are indeed real,
175
550601
2136
哈勃图片也确实是真实的，
09:28
and you can get closer to a lion in a zoo
than you can in the wild.
than you can in the wild.
176
552761
4456
而且，你在动物园里
比在野外更接近狮子。
比在野外更接近狮子。
09:33
However, it's missing something.
177
557727
2108
然而，这里缺少了一些东西，
09:36
It's missing that savage beauty
178
560447
2142
缺少你在野外
09:38
of experiencing that very thing
in the wild for yourself,
in the wild for yourself,
179
562613
3537
亲身体验到的那种野性之美，
09:42
unmediated by a screen.
180
566174
1649
未曾经过荧屏这层媒介。
09:44
The experience of looking up
181
569042
1824
仰望天空，
09:47
and knowing that the sky you're looking at
surrounds every known living thing
surrounds every known living thing
182
571301
5419
并认识到你正观看的天空
包围着宇宙中所有的已知生物，
09:52
in the universe
183
576744
1290
这种感受意义深远。
09:53
is very profound.
184
578058
1291
09:55
Think about that for a moment.
185
579798
1472
试想一下，
09:57
We are the only planet we know of
that has life on it.
that has life on it.
186
581294
4054
我们是唯一已知的
存在生命的星球。
存在生命的星球。
10:02
The sky that you see is shared
by every other living thing
by every other living thing
187
586392
3238
你所看到的天空，
是与已知世间万物共享的，
10:05
that we know of in existence.
188
589654
1573
10:08
One of the things
that I really like about my work
that I really like about my work
189
592654
2977
我真正喜欢自己职业的一点是，
10:11
is that it allows me to step back
from my every day
from my every day
190
595655
3405
它让我抛开日常的生活，
10:14
and to experience the larger context,
191
599084
3208
去体验更丰富的内涵，
10:18
this feeling that just as we go out
and try to find planets in the universe
and try to find planets in the universe
192
602824
5719
这种感觉就好像我们
遨游宇宙去寻找新的行星，
遨游宇宙去寻找新的行星，
可能和地球一样的星球，
10:24
that might be like ours,
193
608567
1833
这总是提醒我现在的
生活有多么珍贵。
生活有多么珍贵。
10:26
it always reminds me
of how precious what we have here is.
of how precious what we have here is.
194
610424
4586
10:31
Our night sky is like a natural resource,
195
615752
3020
我们的夜空就像自然资源，
10:34
it's as though it's a park
that you can visit
that you can visit
196
618796
2783
就像一个无须经历旅游劳顿
就可以参观的公园。
10:37
without ever having to travel there.
197
621603
1887
10:40
But like any natural resource,
198
624150
1981
但是，就像其他的自然资源一样，
10:42
if we don't protect it,
if we don't preserve it and treasure it,
if we don't preserve it and treasure it,
199
626155
3283
如果我们不去保护它、
保存它和珍惜它，
保存它和珍惜它，
10:45
it will slip away from us and be gone.
200
629462
2137
它将会从我们身边消失。
10:48
So if you're interested in this,
201
632407
2297
因此，如果你们对此感兴趣，
10:50
and this is something
you want to learn more about,
you want to learn more about,
202
634728
2686
如果这也是你想多了解的东西，
10:53
I encourage you in particular
to visit darksky.org
to visit darksky.org
203
637438
3352
我特别鼓励你们去访问
网站"darksky.org"，
网站"darksky.org"，
10:56
and to learn more
about the choices you can make
about the choices you can make
204
640814
2357
去学习更多关于你能做出的选择，
10:59
that can protect the dark night sky,
205
643195
2266
来保护夜空，
11:01
because it belongs to everyone,
it belongs to all of us,
it belongs to all of us,
206
645485
3233
因为它属于每个人，
属于我们所有人，
属于我们所有人，
11:04
and therefore, it's ours
to experience as we wish.
to experience as we wish.
207
648742
2915
所以，我们根据
自己的愿望去行动，
自己的愿望去行动，
11:07
And it's also ours to lose.
208
651681
1640
成败的责任，都在于我们自己。
11:09
Thank you.
209
653345
1251
谢谢！
11:10
(Applause)
210
654620
1966
(掌声)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Lucianne Walkowicz - Stellar astronomerLucianne Walkowicz works on NASA's Kepler mission, studying starspots and "the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares."
Why you should listen
Lucianne Walkowicz is an Astronomer at the Adler Planetarium in Chicago. She studies stellar magnetic activity and how stars influence a planet's suitability as a host for alien life. She is also an artist and works in a variety of media, from oil paint to sound. She got her taste for astronomy as an undergrad at Johns Hopkins, testing detectors for the Hubble Space Telescope’s new camera (installed in 2002). She also learned to love the dark stellar denizens of our galaxy, the red dwarfs, which became the topic of her PhD dissertation at University of Washington. Nowadays, she works on NASA’s Kepler mission, studying starspots and the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares to understand stellar magnetic fields. She is particularly interested in how the high energy radiation from stars influences the habitability of planets around alien suns. Lucianne is also a leader in the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, a new project that will scan the sky every night for 10 years to create a huge cosmic movie of our Universe.
Lucianne Walkowicz | Speaker | TED.com