TED@BCG San Francisco
Marco Annunziata: Welcome to the age of the industrial internet
马可·安农齐亚塔: 欢迎来到物联网时代
Filmed:
Readability: 5.3
1,509,709 views
每个人都在讨论物联网，究竟这对我们的未来意味着什么？在这个发人深思的演讲中，经济学家马可·安农齐亚塔讲述了技术如何改变工业，那些能够看、感觉和反应的机器正被创造出来，也因此提高了效率。想象一下：会自动发送维护提醒的飞机部件，会互相沟通并产生更多电的风力涡轮机。这是一个会给我们每个人都带来激动人心的变化的未来。
Marco Annunziata - Economist
The Chief Economist at General Electric, Marco Annunziata is a financial virtuoso with a passion for technology. Full bio
The Chief Economist at General Electric, Marco Annunziata is a financial virtuoso with a passion for technology. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Einstein said that
0
1057
1440
爱因斯坦曾说过：
00:14
"I never think about the future —
it comes soon enough."
it comes soon enough."
1
2497
3457
“我从来不去想未来，
因为它来得已经够快的了。”
因为它来得已经够快的了。”
00:17
And he was right, of course.
2
5954
1701
当然，他说得对。
00:19
So today, I'm here to ask you to think of
3
7655
2544
今天我站在这里就是要让大家思考
00:22
how the future is happening now.
4
10199
2860
未来如何正在我们眼前展开。
00:25
Over the past 200 years, the world has experienced
5
13059
2763
在过去的200年里，人类经历了
00:27
two major waves of innovation.
6
15822
1930
两波巨大的创新。
00:29
First, the Industrial Revolution
7
17752
2229
第一波是工业革命
00:31
brought us machines and factories, railways,
8
19981
2521
给我们带来了机器、工厂、铁路、
00:34
electricity, air travel,
9
22502
2330
电能、飞机，
00:36
and our lives have never been the same.
10
24832
2320
从此我们的生活大不相同。
00:39
Then the Internet revolution
11
27152
2426
最近的互联网革命
00:41
brought us computing power, data networks,
12
29578
3233
给我们带来了强大的运算能力、数据网络、
00:44
unprecedented access
13
32811
2335
和史无前例的获取信息和进行沟通的能力，
00:47
to information and communication,
14
35146
2353
和史无前例的获取信息和进行沟通的能力，
00:49
and our lives have never been the same.
15
37499
3275
从此我们的生活大不相同。
00:52
Now we are experiencing
16
40774
1613
如今，我们正在期待
00:54
another metamorphic change:
17
42387
1764
另一场质的变化：
00:56
the industrial Internet.
18
44151
2187
物联网。
00:58
It brings together intelligent machines,
19
46338
2975
它将不同的智能机器、
01:01
advanced analytics,
20
49313
1540
先进的分析技术、
01:02
and the creativity of people at work.
21
50853
2366
和人类的创造力结合在一起，进行工作。
01:05
It's the marriage of minds and machines.
22
53219
3200
它是大脑和机器的结合。
01:08
And our lives will never be the same.
23
56419
2556
从此我们的生活将大不相同。
01:10
In my current role, I see up close
24
58975
2993
我目前的工作使我可以近距离地看到
01:13
how technology is beginning to transform
25
61968
2833
科技正在改变
01:16
industrial sectors that play a huge role
26
64801
2531
那些在我们的经济和生活中
01:19
in our economy and in our lives:
27
67332
2393
扮演了重要角色的工业部门，
01:21
energy, aviation, transportation, health care.
28
69725
4687
比如能源、航空、交通、医疗保健等等。
01:26
For an economist, this is highly unusual,
29
74412
2291
对一个经济学家来说，这是非比寻常
01:28
and it's extremely exciting,
30
76703
1539
更是让人极度兴奋的，
01:30
because this is a transformation
31
78242
1889
因为这是和工业革命一样强大
01:32
as powerful as the Industrial Revolution and more,
32
80131
4022
甚至更强大的转型，
01:36
and before the Industrial Revolution,
33
84153
1459
在工业革命之前，
01:37
there was no economic growth to speak of.
34
85612
2950
完全无经济增长可言。
01:40
So what is this industrial Internet?
35
88562
3355
那么这个物联网究竟是什么？
01:43
Industrial machines are being equipped
36
91917
1863
工业机器正被装上
01:45
with a growing number of electronic sensors
37
93780
2260
越来越多的传感器，
01:48
that allow them to see, hear, feel
38
96040
3449
这使得它们能够具备视觉、听觉和其它感觉
01:51
a lot more than ever before,
39
99489
1706
比以前强大多了，
01:53
generating prodigious amounts of data.
40
101195
3071
它们可以产生惊人的数据量。
01:56
Increasingly sophisticated analytics
41
104266
1967
接着日益成熟的分析技术
01:58
then sift through the data,
42
106233
1841
对这些数据进行过滤，
02:00
providing insights that allow us
43
108074
2756
从而给我们提供了
02:02
to operate the machines in entirely new ways,
44
110830
3034
全新的、更有效率的
02:05
a lot more efficiently.
45
113864
1906
操作机器的方法。
02:07
And not just individual machines,
46
115770
1989
不仅仅是单一的机器，
02:09
but fleets of locomotives, airplanes,
47
117759
2785
还有整列火车、飞机、
02:12
entire systems like power grids, hospitals.
48
120544
3172
甚至整个电网、医院等等。
02:15
It is asset optimization and system optimization.
49
123716
4226
它可以做到资源和系统的最优化。
02:19
Of course, electronic sensors
50
127942
2010
当然，传感器
02:21
have been around for some time,
51
129952
1705
已经存在了一段时间了，
02:23
but something has changed:
52
131657
1912
但是不同的是，
02:25
a sharp decline in the cost of sensors
53
133569
2851
感应器价格的急剧下降
02:28
and, thanks to advances in cloud computing,
54
136420
2477
还有多亏了云计算的发展，
02:30
a rapid decrease in the cost of storing
55
138897
3016
储存和处理数据的价格
02:33
and processing data.
56
141913
2367
大大下降了。
02:36
So we are moving to a world
57
144280
1710
所以我们正进入这样一个世界：
02:37
where the machines we work with
58
145990
1793
那里与我们打交道的机器
02:39
are not just intelligent; they are brilliant.
59
147783
4241
不仅聪明，而且绝顶聪明。
02:44
They are self-aware, they are predictive,
60
152024
2758
它们能感知自我，有预测能力，
02:46
reactive and social.
61
154782
3359
反应迅速，可以社交。
02:50
It's jet engines, locomotives, gas turbines,
62
158141
3958
飞机引擎、火车、燃气轮机、
02:54
medical devices, communicating seamlessly
63
162099
2781
医疗器械可以互相之间、
02:56
with each other and with us.
64
164880
2325
以及和我们流畅地沟通。
02:59
It's a world where information itself
65
167205
2004
在这个世界，信息变得
03:01
becomes intelligent and comes to us
66
169209
2187
如此聪明，它会在我们
03:03
automatically when we need it
67
171396
1929
需要它的时候自动出现，
03:05
without having to look for it.
68
173325
3198
而不需要我们去寻找。
03:08
We are beginning to deploy
69
176523
1527
我们已经开始在
03:10
throughout the industrial system
70
178050
2455
整个工业系统中进行部署
03:12
embedded virtualization,
71
180505
2045
嵌入式虚拟化技术，
03:14
multi-core processor technology,
72
182550
2202
多核处理器技术，
03:16
advanced cloud-based communications,
73
184752
3440
先进的基于云的通信技术，
03:20
a new software-defined machine infrastructure
74
188192
2742
新的软件定义的机器基础设施——
03:22
which allows machine functionality
75
190934
2744
这使得机器
03:25
to become virtualized in software,
76
193678
2574
成为虚拟化软件，
03:28
decoupling machine software from hardware,
77
196252
3162
使机器的软件和硬件脱钩，
03:31
and allowing us to remotely and automatically
78
199414
3607
并允许我们远距离地、自动地
03:35
monitor, manage and upgrade industrial assets.
79
203021
5324
监测、管理以及升级工业设备。
03:40
Why does any of this matter at all?
80
208345
3134
这些与我们有任何关系吗？
03:43
Well first of all, it's already allowing us
81
211479
2471
首先，它已经使我们
03:45
to shift towards preventive,
82
213950
2201
能够转向预防性的、
03:48
condition-based maintenance,
83
216151
1878
基于条件的机器维护，
03:50
which means fixing machines
84
218029
1962
也就是在机器即将坏掉之前
03:51
just before they break,
85
219991
2288
就把它修理好，
03:54
without wasting time
86
222279
2016
而不是浪费时间
03:56
servicing them on a fixed schedule.
87
224295
2328
按照固定日程进行检修。
03:58
And this, in turn, is pushing us towards
88
226623
3637
而这意味着
04:02
zero unplanned downtime,
89
230260
1855
零计划外故障时间，
04:04
which means there will be no more power outages,
90
232115
2865
也就是说，再也不会停电、
04:06
no more flight delays.
91
234980
2040
再也不会有飞机延误。
04:09
So let me give you a few examples
92
237020
1644
那么让我给大家举几个
04:10
of how these brilliant machines work,
93
238664
1879
这些绝顶聪明的机器如何运作的例子，
04:12
and some of the examples may seem trivial,
94
240543
2298
有些例子可能看上去微不足道，
04:14
some are clearly more profound,
95
242841
1996
有些看上去则明显更深远，
04:16
but all of them are going to
have a very powerful impact.
have a very powerful impact.
96
244837
4125
但是所有的都会产生非常巨大的影响。
04:20
Let's start with aviation.
97
248962
1954
让我们从航空业开始。
04:22
Today, 10 percent of all flights
98
250916
2268
现今，10%的航班
04:25
cancellations and delays
99
253184
2118
取消或延误
04:27
are due to unscheduled maintenance events.
100
255302
2701
是由于临时的维护事件。
04:30
Something goes wrong unexpectedly.
101
258003
2032
突然有个部分出问题了。
04:32
This results in eight billion dollars in costs
102
260035
3196
每年全球的航空业要因此
04:35
for the airline industry globally every year,
103
263231
2412
遭受80亿美元的损失，
04:37
not to mention the impact on all of us:
104
265643
2302
更不用提这些事件对我们的影响了：
04:39
stress, inconvenience,
105
267945
2085
压力，不方便，
04:42
missed meetings as we sit helplessly
106
270030
2895
无助地坐在机场航站楼，
04:44
in an airport terminal.
107
272925
1909
眼睁睁地错过会议。
04:46
So how can the industrial Internet help here?
108
274834
3418
那物联网在此能起到什么作用呢？
04:50
We've developed a preventive maintenance system
109
278252
2635
我们开发了一套预防性的维护系统，
04:52
which can be installed on any aircraft.
110
280887
1990
它可以被安装在任何一架飞机上。
04:54
It's self-learning and able to predict issues
111
282877
3251
它有自学的能力，能否预测
04:58
that a human operator would miss.
112
286128
2956
容易被人类操作员忽视的问题。
05:01
The aircraft, while in flight,
113
289084
2354
飞机在飞行过程中，
05:03
will communicate with technicians on the ground.
114
291438
2350
会跟地面的技术人员保持沟通。
05:05
By the time it lands, they will already know
115
293788
1960
等到降落的时候，他们就已经知道
05:07
if anything needs to be serviced.
116
295748
2486
是否有任何部分需要维护。
05:10
Just in the U.S., a system like this can prevent
117
298234
3616
仅在美国，这样一个系统就可以预防
05:13
over 60,000 delays and cancellations every year,
118
301850
3707
每年超过6万次的延误和取消，
05:17
helping seven million passengers
119
305557
1962
帮助700万的乘客
05:19
get to their destinations on time.
120
307519
2536
准时到达他们的目的地。
05:22
Or take healthcare.
121
310055
1653
再以医疗行业为例：
05:23
Today, nurses spend an average
122
311708
1731
今天，护士们平均要花
05:25
of 21 minutes per shift
123
313439
2643
每轮21分钟
05:28
looking for medical equipment.
124
316082
1693
寻找医疗设备。
05:29
That seems trivial, but it's less time spent
125
317775
4383
这看上去微不足道，
05:34
caring for patients.
126
322158
2709
但这却让病人得到照顾的时间变少了
05:36
St. Luke's Medical Center in Houston, Texas,
127
324867
2874
位于德克萨斯休斯敦的圣路加医疗中心
05:39
which has deployed industrial Internet technology
128
327741
2927
已经利用了物联网技术
05:42
to electronically monitor and connect
129
330668
2065
来监测，以及连接
05:44
patients, staff and medical equipment,
130
332733
3199
病人、工作人员和医疗设备，
05:47
has reduced bed turnaround times
131
335932
2310
这使得其床位周转时间
05:50
by nearly one hour.
132
338242
1735
减少了近一个小时。
05:51
If you need surgery, one hour matters.
133
339977
2810
如果你急需做手术，一个小时很重要。
05:54
It means more patients can be treated,
134
342787
2327
这意味着更多的病人可以得到治疗，
05:57
more lives can be saved.
135
345114
1990
更多的生命可以被拯救。
05:59
Another medical center, in Washington state,
136
347104
2964
另一个在华盛顿州的医疗中心，
06:02
is piloting an application that allows
137
350068
1888
正在试验一项应用，这项应用使得
06:03
medical images from city scanners and MRIs
138
351956
3093
CT扫描和核磁共振的结果
06:07
to be analyzed in the cloud,
139
355049
2115
能够在云端进行分析，
06:09
developing better analytics
140
357164
2637
分析的效果更好
06:11
at a lower cost.
141
359801
2561
价格也更低。
06:14
Imagine a patient
142
362362
1624
想象一下
06:15
who has suffered a severe trauma,
143
363986
1434
一位刚刚遭受了重创的病人，
06:17
and needs the attention of several specialists:
144
365420
2755
他需要多个领域专家的会诊：
06:20
a neurologist, a cardiologist,
145
368175
1809
神经科医师，心脏病专家，
06:21
an orthopedic surgeon.
146
369984
1611
整形外科医生。
06:23
If all of them can have instantaneous
and simultaneous access
and simultaneous access
147
371595
3326
如果他们可以即时地在同一时间看到
06:26
to scans and images as they are taken,
148
374921
2786
扫描结果和图像，
06:29
they will be able to deliver better healthcare faster.
149
377707
4697
他们就能够提供更好更快的医疗。
06:34
So all of this translates into better health outcomes,
150
382405
3078
所有的这些都意味着更好的健康，
06:37
but it can also deliver substantial economic benefits.
151
385483
3440
同时还可以产生可观的经济效益。
06:40
Just a one-percent reduction in existing inefficiencies
152
388923
3486
现有的低效率仅减少1%
06:44
could yield savings of over 60 billion dollars
153
392409
3506
就可以节约全球医疗行业
06:47
to the healthcare industry worldwide,
154
395915
2797
600亿美元，
06:50
and that is just a drop in the sea
155
398712
2359
而这只是沧海一粟，
06:53
compared to what we need to do to make healthcare
156
401071
2736
要打造价格实惠的可持续的医疗，
06:55
affordable on a sustainable basis.
157
403807
2421
我们需要做的还有很多。
06:58
Similar advances are happening in energy,
158
406228
2258
同样的技术进步也正被能源行业发生着，
07:00
including renewable energy.
159
408486
2470
包括可再生能源。
07:02
Wind farms equipped with new
remote monitorings and diagnostics
remote monitorings and diagnostics
160
410966
4693
装有新的遥控监测和诊断的风电场，
07:07
that allow wind turbines to talk to each other
161
415659
2595
风力涡轮机之间可以互相沟通
07:10
and adjust the pitch of their
blades in a coordinated way,
blades in a coordinated way,
162
418254
3849
并根据风的情况协调
07:14
depending on how the wind is blowing,
163
422103
2119
调整其叶片的角度，
07:16
can now produce electricity at a cost
164
424222
1976
现在每产生一度电
07:18
of less than five cents per kilowatt/hour.
165
426198
3178
成本可以降低到5美分
07:21
Ten years ago, that cost was 30 cents,
166
429376
2017
十年前，这需要30美分，
07:23
six times as much.
167
431393
1952
是现在的6倍。
07:25
The list goes on, and it will grow fast,
168
433345
2904
其他的例子还有很多，并在不断增加，
07:28
because industrial data are
now growing exponentially.
now growing exponentially.
169
436249
2701
因为物联网的数据正以指数型增长。
07:30
By 2020, they will account for over 50 percent
170
438950
2852
到2020年，物联网产生的数据会占到
07:33
of all digital information.
171
441802
2228
电子数据总量的50%以上。
07:36
But this is not just about data, so let me switch gears
172
444030
3179
但这不仅仅是关于数据，
07:39
and tell you how this is impacting already
173
447209
2841
下面我要跟大家说说这已经正在影响
07:42
the jobs we do every day,
174
450050
1443
我们每天做的工作，
07:43
because this new wave of innovation
175
451493
1721
因为这新一波的创新
07:45
is bringing about new tools and applications
176
453214
3116
给我们带来了新的工具和应用，
07:48
that will allow us to collaborate
177
456330
2516
使我们能够更聪明
07:50
in a smarter and faster way,
178
458846
1570
更快地合作，
07:52
making our jobs not just more efficient
179
460416
3133
不仅让我们的工作更有效率，
07:55
but more rewarding.
180
463549
1789
也更有价值。
07:57
Imagine a field engineer arriving at the wind farm
181
465338
2904
想象一下一个来到风电场的现场工程师，
08:00
with a handheld device telling her
182
468242
1686
她带着一个手持式装置，她已经知道
08:01
which turbines need servicing.
183
469928
2298
哪个涡轮需要维护。
08:04
She already has all the spare parts,
184
472226
1478
她已经带来了所有需要的部件，
08:05
because the problems were diagnosed in advanced.
185
473704
2542
因为问题已经事先被诊断过了。
08:08
And if she faces an unexpected issue,
186
476246
2474
如果她碰到了意料之外的问题，
08:10
the same handheld device will allow her to
187
478720
2603
这个手持式装置使得她可以
08:13
communicate with colleagues at the service center,
188
481323
2508
和在服务中心的同事沟通，
08:15
let them see what she sees,
189
483831
2100
让他们看见现场，
08:17
transmit data that they can run through diagnostics,
190
485931
2755
给他们发送用于诊断的数据，
08:20
and they can stream videos that will guide her,
191
488686
2297
然后他们可以现场视频指导她，
08:22
step by step, through whatever complex procedure
192
490983
2368
一步一步，不管程序多复杂，
08:25
is needed to get the machines back up and running.
193
493351
2462
最终修好机器并使其成功运转。
08:27
And their interaction gets documented
194
495813
2016
他们的这个互动过程被记录下来
08:29
and stored in a searchable database.
195
497829
4402
并存储在一个可搜索的数据库里面。
08:34
Let's stop and think about this for a minute,
196
502246
1755
让我们停下来思考一下，
08:36
because this is a very important point.
197
504001
1721
这里有个非常重要的点。
08:37
This new wave of innovation is fundamentally
198
505722
2226
这新一轮的创新正在从根本上
08:39
changing the way we work.
199
507948
2470
改变我们工作的方式。
08:42
And I know that many of you will be concerned
about the impact that innovation might have on jobs.
about the impact that innovation might have on jobs.
200
510427
5200
我知道你们很多人担心这些创新
可能会对工作机会带来的影响。
可能会对工作机会带来的影响。
08:47
Unemployment is already high,
201
515627
1497
失业率已经很高了，
08:49
and there is always a fear
that innovation will destroy jobs.
that innovation will destroy jobs.
202
517124
3236
而创新会消灭工作机会的担忧总是挥之不去。
08:52
And innovation is disruptive.
203
520360
2131
创新是颠覆性的。
08:54
But let me stress two things here.
204
522491
2453
但是让我强调两点。
08:56
First, we've already lived through
205
524944
1931
首先，我们已经经历过了
08:58
mechanization of agriculture,
automation of industry,
automation of industry,
206
526875
2763
农业机械化，工业自动化，
09:01
and employment has gone up,
207
529638
2025
最终就业率上去了，
09:03
because innovation is fundamentally about growth.
208
531663
2293
因为创新是刺激增长的根本动力。
09:05
It makes products more affordable.
209
533956
1893
它让产品的价格更实惠，
09:07
It creates new demand, new jobs.
210
535849
2660
它创造了新的需求，新的工作。
09:10
Second, there is a concern that in the future,
211
538509
2582
第二，有人担心未来
09:13
there will only be room for engineers,
212
541091
2156
会只需要工程师、
09:15
data scientists, and other highly-specialized workers.
213
543247
3020
数据科学家，以及其他高度专业化的劳动者。
09:18
And believe me, as an economist, I am also scared.
214
546267
3569
相信我，作为一个经济学家，我也很害怕。
09:21
But think about it:
215
549836
1719
但是你想想：
09:23
Just as a child can easily figure out
216
551555
2619
正如一个小孩很容易就搞清楚
09:26
how to operate an iPad,
217
554174
1756
如何操作一个iPad，
09:27
so a new generation of mobile and intuitive
218
555930
2125
新一代的移动的直观的
09:30
industrial applications will make life easier
219
558055
2724
工业应用会让不同技术程度的
09:32
for workers of all skill levels.
220
560779
2419
工作者的生活都变得更容易。
09:35
The worker of the future will be more like Iron Man
221
563198
3202
未来的工作者会更像一个钢铁侠，
09:38
than the Charlie Chaplin of "Modern Times."
222
566400
3126
而不是“摩登时代”中的查理·卓别林。
09:41
And to be sure, new high-skilled jobs will be created:
223
569526
3044
毋庸置疑，新的高技术含量的工作会被创造出来：
09:44
mechanical digital engineers who understand
224
572570
1876
比如机械数据工程师，他们
09:46
both the machines and the data;
225
574446
2132
不仅懂得机器，还懂数据(分析)；
09:48
managers who understand their industry
226
576578
2283
那些熟悉自己所在的行业
09:50
and the analytics and can reorganize the business
227
578861
2861
又懂数据分析技术的经理，可以利用这些技术
09:53
to take full advantage of the technology.
228
581722
3122
重新组织自己的工作使利益最大化。
09:56
But now let's take a step back.
229
584844
2316
现在让我们退一步。
09:59
Let's look at the big picture.
230
587160
2044
让我们看一下大的场景。
10:01
There are people who argue that today's innovation
231
589204
2423
有人称现在的创新
10:03
is all about social media and silly games,
232
591627
2349
都是关于社交媒体和无聊的游戏，
10:05
with nowhere near the transformational power
233
593976
1890
其变革的力量与工业革命时期
10:07
of the Industrial Revolution.
234
595866
2079
相差甚远。
10:09
They say that all the growth-enhancing innovations
235
597945
2755
他们说那些促进增长的创新
10:12
are behind us.
236
600700
1426
已经过去了。
10:14
And every time I hear this, I can't help thinking that
237
602126
3314
每次我听到这些的时候，我就忍不住想：
10:17
even back in the Stone Age,
238
605440
1968
即使在石器时代，
10:19
there must have been a group of cavemen
239
607408
2289
肯定也有那么一群洞穴人
10:21
sitting around a fire one day
240
609697
1879
某一天坐在篝火旁，
10:23
looking very grumpy,
241
611576
1526
看上去有点生气，
10:25
and looking disapprovingly
at another group of cavemen
at another group of cavemen
242
613102
2726
不悦地看着另一群将一个石轮子
10:27
rolling a stone wheel up and down a hill,
243
615828
2169
在山上来回滚动的洞穴人。
10:29
and saying to each other,
244
617997
1809
并互相说：
10:31
"Yeah, this wheel thing,
245
619806
2281
“这个轮子的东西，
10:34
cool toy, sure, but compared to fire,
246
622087
2791
不错，是好玩，但是和火比起来，
10:36
it will have no impact.
247
624878
2116
肯定用处不大。
10:38
The big discoveries are all behind us."
248
626994
2324
伟大的发现都已经过去啦。”
10:41
(Laughter)
249
629318
1887
（笑声）
10:43
This technological revolution
250
631205
1548
这一波的技术创新
10:44
is as inspiring and transformational
251
632753
2528
和以往的任何创新一样
10:47
as anything we have ever seen.
252
635281
2013
鼓舞人心，会带来变革。
10:49
Human creativity and innovation
have always propelled us forward.
have always propelled us forward.
253
637294
3390
人类的创造力和创新一直推动着我们前进。
10:52
They've created jobs.
254
640684
1447
它们创造了工作。
10:54
They've raised living standards.
255
642131
1389
它们提高了生活水平。
10:55
They've made our lives
256
643520
1803
它们使我们的生活
10:57
healthier and more rewarding.
257
645323
2060
更健康更有价值。
10:59
And the new wave of innovation
258
647383
1243
而这新一波刚刚开始
11:00
which is beginning to sweep through industry
259
648626
2350
席卷各个行业的创新
11:02
is no different.
260
650976
1622
也是如此。
11:04
In the U.S. alone, the industrial Internet
261
652598
2016
仅在美国，物联网
11:06
could raise average income by 25 to 40 percent
262
654614
3940
在接下来的15年里，就可以将收入
11:10
over the next 15 years,
263
658554
1692
提高平均25%到40%，
11:12
boosting growth to rates we
haven't seen in a long time,
haven't seen in a long time,
264
660246
2669
带给我们久别的快速经济增长，
11:14
and adding between 10 and 15
trillion dollars to global GDP.
trillion dollars to global GDP.
265
662915
3944
并给全球GDP增加10到15万亿美元。
11:18
That is the size of the entire U.S. economy today.
266
666859
4253
这是当今美国的经济总量。
11:23
But this is not a foregone conclusion.
267
671112
2511
但这还没有发生。
11:25
We are just at the beginning of this transformation,
268
673623
1995
我们正处于这场变革的开始，
11:27
and there will be barriers to break,
269
675618
1856
途中会遇到各种困难
11:29
obstacles to overcome.
270
677474
1686
需要我们去克服。
11:31
We will need to invest in the new technologies.
271
679160
2541
我们需要投资新的技术，
11:33
We will need to adapt organizations
and managerial practices.
and managerial practices.
272
681701
3709
我们需要调整组织和管理实践，
11:37
We will need a robust cybersecurity approach
273
685410
2894
我们需要强大的网络安全管理技术
11:40
that protects sensitive information
and intellectual property
and intellectual property
274
688304
3743
来保护敏感信息和知识产权
11:44
and safeguards critical infrastructure
from cyberattacks.
from cyberattacks.
275
692047
3240
以及关键基础设施，免遭网络攻击。
11:47
And the education system will need to evolve
276
695287
2237
我们的教育系统也需要改进，
11:49
to ensure students are equipped with the right skills.
277
697524
3208
以保障学生获得相应的技能。
11:52
It's not going to be easy,
278
700732
1735
这个过程不会很容易，
11:54
but it is going to be worth it.
279
702467
2647
但是肯定会值得。
11:57
The economic challenges facing us are hard,
280
705114
3548
我们面临的经济挑战很艰难，
12:00
but when I walk the factory floor,
281
708662
2096
但是当我走进工厂，
12:02
and I see how humans and brilliant machines
282
710758
2588
看到人类和绝顶聪明的机器
12:05
are becoming interconnected,
283
713346
1718
相互协作，
12:07
and I see the difference this makes
284
715064
2074
我看到这将给
12:09
in a hospital, in an airport,
285
717138
2566
医院、机场，
12:11
in a power generation plant, I'm not just optimistic,
286
719704
2681
和发电厂带来的变化。我不仅乐观，
12:14
I'm enthusiastic.
287
722385
1608
我还非常期待。
12:15
This new technological revolution is upon us.
288
723993
3454
这一新的技术革命已经到来了。
12:19
So think about the future —
it will be here soon enough.
it will be here soon enough.
289
727447
3194
所以想想未来吧，它很快就要到了。
12:22
Thank you.
290
730641
2685
谢谢！
12:25
(Applause)
291
733326
4093
（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Marco Annunziata - EconomistThe Chief Economist at General Electric, Marco Annunziata is a financial virtuoso with a passion for technology.
Why you should listen
Marco Annunziata is the Chief Economist of General Electric, responsible for the global economic analysis that guides GE’s business strategy. A member of the European Central Bank's Shadow Council and of the European Council of Economists, Annunziata has been featured on Bloomberg, CNBC, and in The Financial Times and The Wall Street Journal.
Annunziata arrived at GE in 2011 with a long track record in the financial sector, previously working at Unicredit, Deutsche Bank and the International Monetary Fund, where he researched emerging markets and the Eurozone. Annunziata confesses that he is "childishly proud" of his first book, The Economics of the Financial Crisis (Palgrave MacMillan, 2011). The book traces the global fiscal crisis back to a failure of common sense, in which so many of us played a part, and offers guidance for learning the right lessons from the outcomes.
Marco Annunziata | Speaker | TED.com