TED2016
Brian Little: Who are you, really? The puzzle of personality
布莱恩•利特尔: 你究竟是什么样的人？揭露人的性格之谜
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Readability: 4.2
9,968,069 views
是什么让你成为这样或那样的人？心理学家喜欢用特点，或者明确的性格特征来解释。但布莱恩•利特尔更感兴趣的，是当我们做出不符合自己性格特点行为的时刻——这种行为有时是我们文化的需求，有时是我们自己的需求。让我们跟利特尔一起，剖析内向的人和外向的人在性格上的天壤之别，探求人类性格惊人的可扩展性。
Brian Little - Personality researcher
Cambridge research professor Brian Little analyzes and redefines the threads of our personalities -- and suggests ways we can transform ourselves. Full bio
Cambridge research professor Brian Little analyzes and redefines the threads of our personalities -- and suggests ways we can transform ourselves. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
What an intriguing
group of individuals you are ...
group of individuals you are ...
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你们是多么有趣的一群人啊……
00:17
to a psychologist.
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当然，是对心理学家而言。
00:18
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
00:20
I've had the opportunity
over the last couple of days
over the last couple of days
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在过去几天里，我有机会
00:23
of listening in on some
of your conversations
of your conversations
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倾听你们的交谈，
00:26
and watching you interact with each other.
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观察你们的互动。
我想我已经可以大胆地说，
00:29
And I think it's fair to say, already,
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00:31
that there are 47 people in this audience,
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此时此刻，在你们中间，
00:37
at this moment,
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有47个人，
00:39
displaying psychological symptoms
I would like to discuss today.
I would like to discuss today.
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已经表现出了精神病症状，
我今天就想聊聊这个。
我今天就想聊聊这个。
00:43
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
00:44
And I thought you might
like to know who you are.
like to know who you are.
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我想你们都很想知道
到底是谁有精神病。
到底是谁有精神病。
00:47
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
00:49
But instead of pointing at you,
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我不会直接指出来，
00:51
which would be gratuitous and intrusive,
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因为那样很没必要，也不礼貌，
00:54
I thought I would tell you
a few facts and stories,
a few facts and stories,
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我会列举一些事实和情况，
00:57
in which you may catch
a glimpse of yourself.
a glimpse of yourself.
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你们可以跟自己对照一下。
01:02
I'm in the field of research
known as personality psychology,
known as personality psychology,
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我从事的是人格心理学研究，
01:06
which is part of a larger
personality science
personality science
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它属于人格科学的范畴
01:09
which spans the full spectrum,
from neurons to narratives.
from neurons to narratives.
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人格科学的研究领域跨度很大，
从神经元到叙述学。
从神经元到叙述学。
01:15
And what we try to do,
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而我们的研究方向，
01:17
in our own way,
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是用我们的方式，
01:19
is to make sense of how each of us --
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来弄清楚，为什么
我们每一个人——
我们每一个人——
01:22
each of you --
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在座的每一位——
01:24
is, in certain respects,
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在某些方面，
01:26
like all other people,
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跟其他所有人都一样，
01:28
like some other people
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或者只跟部分人一样，
01:31
and like no other person.
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或者跟谁都不一样。
01:34
Now, already you may
be saying of yourself,
be saying of yourself,
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也许你们会评价自己
01:37
"I'm not intriguing.
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“我不是个有趣的人。
01:41
I am the 46th most boring person
in the Western Hemisphere."
in the Western Hemisphere."
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我在西半球最无趣
排行榜上排第46名。”
排行榜上排第46名。”
01:47
Or you may say of yourself,
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也许你会评价自己，
01:50
"I am intriguing,
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“我是个有趣的人，
01:53
even if I am regarded by most people
as a great, thundering twit."
as a great, thundering twit."
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尽管大部分人
都觉得我是个傻瓜。”
都觉得我是个傻瓜。”
01:57
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
01:58
But it is your self-diagnosed boringness
and your inherent "twitiness"
and your inherent "twitiness"
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但正是你们这种自我认知的无聊
或者内在的“傻”，
或者内在的“傻”，
02:04
that makes me, as a psychologist,
really fascinated by you.
really fascinated by you.
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让我这个心理学家觉得非常有趣。
02:09
So let me explain why this is so.
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我来解释一下为什么。
02:12
One of the most influential approaches
in personality science
in personality science
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人格心理学中最有影响力的方法
02:16
is known as trait psychology,
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叫做特质理论，
02:18
and it aligns you along five dimensions
which are normally distributed,
which are normally distributed,
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它用5个正态分布的维度判定你，
02:23
and that describe universally held aspects
of difference between people.
of difference between people.
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这5个维度描述了被广泛认同的人与人之间不同的5个方面。
02:31
They spell out the acronym OCEAN.
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这5个方面的首字母缩写是OCEAN。
02:34
So, "O" stands for "open to experience,"
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“O”代表“开放性”，
02:37
versus those who are more closed.
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与之对立的是
那些不愿冒险的人。
那些不愿冒险的人。
02:39
"C" stands for "conscientiousness,"
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“C”代表的是“责任感”，
02:42
in contrast to those with a more
lackadaisical approach to life.
lackadaisical approach to life.
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与之相反的是
那些懒散随意的人。
那些懒散随意的人。
02:46
"E" -- "extroversion," in contrast
to more introverted people.
to more introverted people.
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“E”指的是“外向性”，
与之相对的是内向的人。
与之相对的是内向的人。
02:51
"A" -- "agreeable individuals,"
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“A”——“宜人性”
02:53
in contrast to those
decidedly not agreeable.
decidedly not agreeable.
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与之相对的是
不那么和善的人。
不那么和善的人。
02:57
And "N" -- "neurotic individuals,"
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最后是“N”——
“神经质”
“神经质”
03:00
in contrast to those who are more stable.
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与之相对的是那些
更加稳定平和的人。
更加稳定平和的人。
03:04
All of these dimensions have
implications for our well-being,
implications for our well-being,
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这5个方面影响我们的健康，
03:07
for how our life goes.
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影响我们的人生走向。
03:10
And so we know that, for example,
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众所周知，
03:13
openness and conscientiousness
are very good predictors of life success,
are very good predictors of life success,
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开放性和责任感
往往意味着成功，
往往意味着成功，
03:18
but the open people achieve that success
through being audacious
through being audacious
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但开放的人在通往
成功之路上变得大胆，
成功之路上变得大胆，
03:23
and, occasionally, odd.
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有时甚至古怪。
03:26
The conscientious people
achieve it through sticking to deadlines,
achieve it through sticking to deadlines,
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有责任感的人会紧守
最后期限，获得成功，
最后期限，获得成功，
03:30
to persevering, as well as
having some passion.
having some passion.
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他们坚持不懈，他们怀有激情。
03:35
Extroversion and agreeableness
are both conducive
are both conducive
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外向性和宜人性都有助于
03:39
to working well with people.
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与人和谐相处。
03:42
Extroverts, for example,
I find intriguing.
I find intriguing.
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比如，外向的人，
我就觉得很有趣。
我就觉得很有趣。
03:45
With my classes, I sometimes
give them a basic fact
give them a basic fact
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在课堂上，我有时
会讲一个基本事实
会讲一个基本事实
03:48
that might be revealing
with respect to their personality:
with respect to their personality:
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能揭示人的性格特点：
03:52
I tell them that it is virtually
impossible for adults
impossible for adults
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我说，一个成年人无法
03:57
to lick the outside of their own elbow.
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舔到他们的手肘外侧。
04:01
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
04:02
Did you know that?
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你们知道这事吗？
04:05
Already, some of you have tried
to lick the outside of your own elbow.
to lick the outside of your own elbow.
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你们中有些人已经
尝试过舔自己的手肘外侧了。
尝试过舔自己的手肘外侧了。
04:09
But extroverts amongst you
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但你们中那些外向的人
04:11
are probably those
who have not only tried,
who have not only tried,
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不但已经尝试过（舔自己的手肘）
04:14
but they have successfully
licked the elbow
licked the elbow
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而且连坐他们旁边的人的手肘
04:16
of the person sitting next to them.
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也没有放过。
04:18
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
这就是外向的人。
04:19
Those are the extroverts.
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04:21
Let me deal in a bit more detail
with extroversion,
with extroversion,
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让我再讨论一下
外向性格的一些细节
外向性格的一些细节
04:24
because it's consequential
and it's intriguing,
and it's intriguing,
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因为它影响深远而且很有意思，
04:27
and it helps us understand
what I call our three natures.
what I call our three natures.
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能帮我们理解人类的三种天性。
04:31
First, our biogenic nature --
our neurophysiology.
our neurophysiology.
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第一种是生物学天性——
我们的神经生理学。
我们的神经生理学。
04:34
Second, our sociogenic or second nature,
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第二种是社会学天性，
又叫第二天性，
又叫第二天性，
04:38
which has to do with the cultural
and social aspects of our lives.
and social aspects of our lives.
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与我们的文化和社会属性相关。
而第三种，让你成为独一无二的“你”
04:42
And third, what makes you
individually you -- idiosyncratic --
individually you -- idiosyncratic --
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04:50
what I call your "idiogenic" nature.
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我称之为场景特定天性。
04:53
Let me explain.
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下面我来解释一下。
04:56
One of the things that characterizes
extroverts is they need stimulation.
extroverts is they need stimulation.
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外向性格的人的一大特征
就是他们需要刺激。
就是他们需要刺激。
05:00
And that stimulation can be achieved
by finding things that are exciting:
by finding things that are exciting:
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这种刺激可以是令人兴奋的事：
05:05
loud noises, parties
and social events here at TED --
and social events here at TED --
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比如巨大的声响、热闹的聚会
和TED这样的社交事件——
和TED这样的社交事件——
05:09
you see the extroverts
forming a magnetic core.
forming a magnetic core.
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你会发现外向者会形成
一个磁性的内核。
一个磁性的内核。
05:13
They all gather together.
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他们会聚集到一起。
05:14
And I've seen you.
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所以我才会在这里遇见你们。
05:16
The introverts are more likely
to spend time in the quiet spaces
to spend time in the quiet spaces
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而内向的人更喜欢上到二楼
05:19
up on the second floor,
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找个安静的地方待着，
05:21
where they are able
to reduce stimulation --
to reduce stimulation --
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以减少外界刺激——
05:25
and may be misconstrued
as being antisocial,
as being antisocial,
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这样做可能会被
误认为不喜欢社交，
误认为不喜欢社交，
05:29
but you're not necessarily antisocial.
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但其实这并不绝对。
05:33
It may be that you simply realize
that you do better
that you do better
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也许你只是单纯地知道
05:37
when you have a chance
to lower that level of stimulation.
to lower that level of stimulation.
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自己在外界刺激较低
的时候状态更好。
的时候状态更好。
05:42
Sometimes it's an internal
stimulant, from your body.
stimulant, from your body.
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这也包括内在刺激，
来自你的体内。
来自你的体内。
05:47
Caffeine, for example, works much better
with extroverts than it does introverts.
with extroverts than it does introverts.
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比如说，咖啡因有时候对外向的人
比内向的人更有效。
比内向的人更有效。
05:52
When extroverts come into the office
at nine o'clock in the morning
at nine o'clock in the morning
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当外向者早上9点走进办公室，
05:55
and say, "I really need a cup of coffee,"
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说，“我需要一杯咖啡。”
05:58
they're not kidding --
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他们没开玩笑——
05:59
they really do.
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他们是真需要。
06:01
Introverts do not do as well,
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内向者就不会这么做，
06:03
particularly if the tasks
they're engaged in --
they're engaged in --
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尤其是当他们正在干的活儿——
06:06
and they've had some coffee --
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而且他们已经喝过咖啡了——
06:08
if those tasks are speeded,
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如果这些活儿很急，
06:10
and if they're quantitative,
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而且有量化标准，
06:12
introverts may give the appearance
of not being particularly quantitative.
of not being particularly quantitative.
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内向者会表现得好像
这些活儿没有特别的量化标准。
这些活儿没有特别的量化标准。
06:17
But it's a misconstrual.
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但这是一种误导。
06:19
So here are the consequences
that are really quite intriguing:
that are really quite intriguing:
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因此我们能得出一些
非常有趣的结论：
非常有趣的结论：
06:22
we're not always what seem to be,
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我们经常会表里不一，
06:24
and that takes me to my next point.
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这就引出了我下一个观点。
06:28
I should say, before getting to this,
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我事先声明，我要说的，
06:30
something about sexual intercourse,
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是关于做爱的事情，
06:33
although I may not have time.
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但我的时间可能不太够。
06:35
And so, if you would like me to --
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所以，如果你们想让我说的话——
06:38
yes, you would?
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什么？你们很想听？
好吧。
06:39
OK.
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（笑声）
06:40
(Laughter)
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06:41
There are studies done
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有人做过，
06:43
on the frequency with which
individuals engage in the conjugal act,
individuals engage in the conjugal act,
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关于人做爱频率的研究，
06:49
as broken down by male, female;
introvert, extrovert.
introvert, extrovert.
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分类标准有男性、女性、
内向者、外向者。
内向者、外向者。
06:53
So I ask you:
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我想问大家：
06:54
How many times per minute --
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每分钟做多少次——
06:57
oh, I'm sorry, that was a rat study --
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哦，对不起，每分钟多少次
说的是老鼠——
说的是老鼠——
06:59
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
07:02
How many times per month
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内向的男性
07:06
do introverted men engage in the act?
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每个月有多少次性行为？
07:10
3.0.
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3.0次。
07:11
Extroverted men?
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外向的男性呢？
07:13
More or less?
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更多还是更少？
07:15
Yes, more.
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没错，更多。
07:17
5.5 -- almost twice as much.
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5.5次，差不多是2倍。
07:21
Introverted women: 3.1.
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内向的女性：3.1次。
07:23
Extroverted women?
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外向的女性呢？
07:25
Frankly, speaking as an introverted male,
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老实说，作为一个内向的男性，
07:28
which I will explain later --
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——关于这一点我稍后会解释——
07:30
they are heroic.
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我觉得她们太厉害了。
07:32
7.5.
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7.5次。
07:35
They not only handle
all the male extroverts,
all the male extroverts,
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她们不但搞定了
所有外向的男人，
所有外向的男人，
07:38
they pick up a few introverts as well.
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还顺便挑了几个内向的。
07:40
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
07:42
(Applause)
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（掌声）
07:48
We communicate differently,
extroverts and introverts.
extroverts and introverts.
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外向者和内向者的交流方式有所不同。
07:54
Extroverts, when they interact,
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外向者在与人互动时，
07:56
want to have lots of social encounter
punctuated by closeness.
punctuated by closeness.
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喜欢肢体接触，
喜欢亲近对方。
喜欢亲近对方。
08:00
They'd like to stand close
for comfortable communication.
for comfortable communication.
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他们喜欢靠近对方，
近距离交流。
近距离交流。
08:04
They like to have a lot of eye contact,
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他们喜欢眼神接触，
08:06
or mutual gaze.
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甚至相互凝视。
08:09
We found in some research
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有研究表明
08:10
that they use more diminutive terms
when they meet somebody.
when they meet somebody.
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外向者更喜欢使用昵称。
08:13
So when an extrovert meets a Charles,
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比如当一个外向者
遇见一个叫查尔斯的人，
遇见一个叫查尔斯的人，
08:16
it rapidly becomes "Charlie,"
and then "Chuck,"
and then "Chuck,"
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很快就会开始叫他“查理”，
然后变成“查克”，
然后变成“查克”，
08:19
and then "Chuckles Baby."
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然后变成“小查查”。
08:21
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
08:23
Whereas for introverts,
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而内向者呢，
08:24
it remains "Charles," until he's given
a pass to be more intimate
a pass to be more intimate
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会一直叫他“查理”，
直到对方认为
直到对方认为
08:29
by the person he's talking to.
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他俩的关系已经足够亲密。
08:32
We speak differently.
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外向者和内向者的说话方式也不同。
08:36
Extroverts prefer black-and-white,
concrete, simple language.
concrete, simple language.
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外向者喜欢确定、
具体、简洁的语言。
具体、简洁的语言。
08:43
Introverts prefer --
and I must again tell you
and I must again tell you
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而内向者喜欢
——我必须再次提醒大家
——我必须再次提醒大家
08:47
that I am as extreme an introvert
as you could possibly imagine --
as you could possibly imagine --
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我是一个十足的内向者——
08:52
we speak differently.
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我们说话方式很不一样。
08:54
We prefer contextually complex,
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我们内向者更喜欢说一些复杂难懂，
08:58
contingent,
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模棱两可，
09:00
weasel-word sentences --
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云山雾罩的话——
09:02
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
09:03
More or less.
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或多或少吧。
09:05
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
09:06
As it were.
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基本是这样。
09:08
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
09:09
Not to put too fine a point upon it --
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不把话说死——
09:11
like that.
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就像刚才那样。
09:13
When we talk,
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我们在说话的时候，
09:15
we sometimes talk past each other.
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经常会打太极，推来推去。
09:17
I had a consulting contract
I shared with a colleague
I shared with a colleague
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我跟一名同事共同
负责一项咨询业务，
负责一项咨询业务，
09:20
who's as different from me
as two people can possibly be.
as two people can possibly be.
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我跟他是截然不同的两个人。
09:23
First, his name is Tom.
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首先，他叫汤姆。
09:26
Mine isn't.
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我不叫汤姆。
09:27
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
09:29
Secondly, he's six foot five.
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其次，他身高1米96。
09:30
I have a tendency not to be.
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我这辈子是不指望了。
09:32
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
09:34
And thirdly, he's as extroverted
a person as you could find.
a person as you could find.
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第三点，他是个及其外向的人。
09:37
I am seriously introverted.
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而我十分内向。
09:40
I overload so much,
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我心思很重，
09:42
I can't even have a cup of coffee
after three in the afternoon
after three in the afternoon
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我要是下午三点之后喝了杯咖啡，
09:47
and expect to sleep in the evening.
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那晚上就别想睡了。
09:50
We had seconded to this project
a fellow called Michael.
a fellow called Michael.
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我们还有一个助手，叫麦克。
09:55
And Michael almost brought
the project to a crashing halt.
the project to a crashing halt.
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麦克几乎把整个项目给搞砸了。
10:00
So the person who seconded him
asked Tom and me,
asked Tom and me,
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麦克的继任者问我和汤姆，
10:05
"What do you make of Michael?"
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“你们怎么评价麦克？”
10:06
Well, I'll tell you
what Tom said in a minute.
what Tom said in a minute.
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我稍后再告诉你
汤姆是怎么说的。
汤姆是怎么说的。
10:09
He spoke in classic "extrovert-ese."
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他的回答是非常典型的外向型。
10:11
And here is how extroverted ears
heard what I said,
heard what I said,
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而我的回答嘛，其实在外向者听来，
10:15
which is actually pretty accurate.
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应该是非常精确的。
10:17
I said, "Well Michael does have
a tendency at times
a tendency at times
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我说，“其实，麦克有时候
10:22
of behaving in a way
that some of us might see
that some of us might see
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的一些做法，
在我们某些人看来
在我们某些人看来
10:26
as perhaps more assertive
than is normally called for."
than is normally called for."
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也许过于自信了，
可能有时候有点过分。”
可能有时候有点过分。”
10:30
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
10:33
Tom rolled his eyes and he said,
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汤姆翻了个白眼，说，
10:35
"Brian, that's what I said:
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“布莱恩，这不就是我刚刚说的：
10:38
he's an asshole!"
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他就是个混蛋！”
10:40
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
10:42
(Applause)
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（掌声）
10:45
Now, as an introvert,
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作为一名内向者，
10:46
I might gently allude to certain
"assholic" qualities
"assholic" qualities
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我也许会委婉地暗示，
这个人的行为
这个人的行为
10:52
in this man's behavior,
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确实比较混蛋，
10:53
but I'm not going to lunge for the a-word.
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但我不会直接使用“混蛋”这个词。
10:56
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
10:59
But the extrovert says,
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但外向者会说，
“如果他表现得像个混蛋，
我就会称他混蛋。”
我就会称他混蛋。”
11:00
"If he walks like one, if he talks
like one, I call him one."
like one, I call him one."
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11:03
And we go past each other.
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这就是我们的不同。
11:05
Now is this something
that we should be heedful of?
that we should be heedful of?
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这一点我们是不是需要留意呢？
11:09
Of course.
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那是当然。
11:10
It's important that we know this.
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这一点非常重要。
11:12
Is that all we are?
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但这就完了吗？
11:14
Are we just a bunch of traits?
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我们就只有这几种特点吗？
11:17
No, we're not.
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并非如此。
11:20
Remember, you're like some other people
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别忘了，你们跟一些人很像
11:23
and like no other person.
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但又独一无二。
11:25
How about that idiosyncratic you?
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这个独一无二的你
到底是什么样的呢？
到底是什么样的呢？
11:28
As Elizabeth or as George,
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伊丽莎白们或者乔治们，
11:31
you may share your extroversion
or your neuroticism.
or your neuroticism.
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你们可能都有些
外向或者神经过敏。
外向或者神经过敏。
11:36
But are there some distinctively
Elizabethan features of your behavior,
Elizabethan features of your behavior,
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但你们的行为中是不是
有些伊丽莎白独有的
有些伊丽莎白独有的
11:40
or Georgian of yours,
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2197
或者乔治独有的特点，
11:43
that make us understand you
better than just a bunch of traits?
better than just a bunch of traits?
228
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3850
能让我们更好地了解你？
而不是简单地对号入座？
而不是简单地对号入座？
11:48
That make us love you?
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能让我们喜欢上你？
11:51
Not just because you're
a certain type of person.
a certain type of person.
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不仅仅因为你是
某种特定类型的人。
某种特定类型的人。
11:55
I'm uncomfortable putting
people in pigeonholes.
people in pigeonholes.
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我不喜欢把人放进鸽子笼里，
然后贴上标签。
然后贴上标签。
11:59
I don't even think pigeons
belong in pigeonholes.
belong in pigeonholes.
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我甚至觉得鸽子
都不应该待在鸽子笼里。
都不应该待在鸽子笼里。
12:03
So what is it that makes us different?
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究竟是什么让我们与众不同呢？
12:06
It's the doings that we have
in our life -- the personal projects.
in our life -- the personal projects.
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是我们一生的所作所为——
我们的个人事业。
我们的个人事业。
12:11
You have a personal project right now,
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1821
你们大家都有个人事业，
12:13
but nobody may know it here.
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3086
但可能谁都没有意识到。
12:17
It relates to your kid --
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也许这事业跟孩子有关——
12:19
you've been back three times
to the hospital,
to the hospital,
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你已经去医院三趟了，
12:21
and they still don't know what's wrong.
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医生们还是查不出你孩子的病因。
12:25
Or it could be your mom.
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或者生病的是你母亲。
12:28
And you'd been acting out of character.
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你会做一些跟你的
性格不相符的事情。
性格不相符的事情。
12:30
These are free traits.
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这些是可变的性格特点。
12:33
You're very agreeable,
but you act disagreeably
but you act disagreeably
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你本和善可亲，
却表现得咄咄逼人，
却表现得咄咄逼人，
12:36
in order to break down those barriers
of administrative torpor
of administrative torpor
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只为了对抗如今医院里
无处不在的
无处不在的
12:40
in the hospital,
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懒散风气，
12:41
to get something
for your mom or your child.
for your mom or your child.
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让自己的母亲
或者孩子得到及时治疗。
或者孩子得到及时治疗。
12:45
What are these free traits?
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这些可变的性格特点到底是什么？
12:47
They're where were enact a script
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那是我们演的一出戏，
12:49
in order to advance
a core project in our lives.
a core project in our lives.
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为了达成我们生命中
最重要的目标。
最重要的目标。
12:53
And they are what matters.
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而这才是最重要的。
12:55
Don't ask people what type you are;
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不要问别人是什么性格的人，
12:58
ask them, "What are your core
projects in your life?"
projects in your life?"
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而要问他们，“你们生命中
最重要的事是什么？”
最重要的事是什么？”
13:01
And we enact those free traits.
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然后我们身上的可变
性格特点就会被激发。
性格特点就会被激发。
13:03
I'm an introvert,
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我是一个内向的人，
13:04
but I have a core project,
which is to profess.
which is to profess.
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4586
但我最重要的事业是教书。
13:09
I'm a professor.
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我是一名教授。
13:11
And I adore my students,
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我热爱我的学生，
13:15
and I adore my field.
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1587
也热爱我的事业领域。
13:16
And I can't wait to tell them
about what's new, what's exciting,
about what's new, what's exciting,
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我总是迫不及待地想
与他们分享，
与他们分享，
13:23
what I can't wait to tell them about.
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那些新奇有趣的事情。
13:25
And so I act in an extroverted way,
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因此我会表现得
像一个外向的人，
像一个外向的人，
13:27
because at eight in the morning,
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因为早上8点，
13:29
the students need a little bit of humor,
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2344
学生需要一点幽默，
13:31
a little bit of engagement
to keep them going
to keep them going
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2722
需要一点激励，
13:34
in arduous days of study.
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才能熬过一天紧张的学习。
13:36
But we need to be very careful
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但是当我们扮演
其他性格的时候
其他性格的时候
13:38
when we act protractedly out of character.
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需要万分小心。
13:42
Sometimes we may find
that we don't take care of ourselves.
that we don't take care of ourselves.
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4732
（因为）有时候我们
对自己太狠。
对自己太狠。
13:49
I find, for example, after a period
of pseudo-extroverted behavior,
of pseudo-extroverted behavior,
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我发现自己在假装
外向性格一段时间之后，
外向性格一段时间之后，
13:53
I need to repair somewhere on my own.
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我需要自己躲起来疗伤。
13:57
As Susan Cain said in her "Quiet" book,
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3119
就像苏珊•凯恩在
《安静》这本书中所写，
《安静》这本书中所写，
14:01
in a chapter that featured
the strange Canadian professor
the strange Canadian professor
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其中一章提到一位
古怪的加拿大教授，
古怪的加拿大教授，
14:04
who was teaching at the time at Harvard,
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1995
当时他在哈佛大学教书，
14:07
I sometimes go to the men's room
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他有时候会跑到男厕所，
14:08
to escape the slings and arrows
of outrageous extroverts.
of outrageous extroverts.
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3696
为了躲避烦人的
外向者投来的明枪暗箭。
外向者投来的明枪暗箭。
14:13
(Laughter)
276
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1084
（笑声）
14:14
I remember one particular day
when I was retired to a cubicle,
when I was retired to a cubicle,
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6372
有一次我自己
也躲进了小隔间，
也躲进了小隔间，
14:20
trying to avoid overstimulation.
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1925
为了暂避外界纷扰。
14:23
And a real extrovert came
in beside me -- not right in my cubicle,
in beside me -- not right in my cubicle,
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5247
这时来了一个外向者，到我旁边，
——当然不是在一个小隔间
——当然不是在一个小隔间
14:28
but in the next cubicle over --
280
856388
1955
是在我旁边的小隔间——
14:30
and I could hear various
evacuatory noises,
evacuatory noises,
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858367
2323
我听见了一连串物体
落水的声音，
落水的声音，
14:32
which we hate -- even our own,
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2269
这声音是很烦人的
——哪怕是我们自己的，
——哪怕是我们自己的，
14:35
that's why we flush
during as well as after.
during as well as after.
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2730
所以我们才会在
上大号的中途也冲水。
上大号的中途也冲水。
14:37
(Laughter)
284
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1732
（笑声）
14:40
And then I heard
this gravelly voice saying,
this gravelly voice saying,
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4590
随后我就听到了
一个沙哑的声音，
一个沙哑的声音，
14:44
"Hey, is that Dr. Little?"
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2435
“嘿，请问是利特尔博士吗？”
14:47
(Laughter)
287
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1929
（笑声）
14:50
If anything is guaranteed
to constipate an introvert for six months,
to constipate an introvert for six months,
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6367
如果有什么事情
能让内向者便秘6个月，
能让内向者便秘6个月，
14:57
it's talking on the john.
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1761
那一定是在上大号的时候聊天。
14:58
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
15:00
That's where I'm going now.
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我现在就想去洗手间静静。
15:02
Don't follow me.
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1356
别跟着我。
15:04
Thank you.
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1179
谢谢您啦。
15:05
(Applause)
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（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Brian Little - Personality researcherCambridge research professor Brian Little analyzes and redefines the threads of our personalities -- and suggests ways we can transform ourselves.
Why you should listen
Brian Little is an unapologetic introvert -- but in front of a classroom or a lecture hall, he delivers impassioned and witty explorations of contemporary personality psychology. In Little's view, we are as driven by spontaneous, "out of character" moments (and the projects we are passionate about) as we are by innate and learned traits.
Little's book Me, Myself and Us not only beautifully outlines Little's personality theories, but also imparts potentially life-changing advice for readers, while it warns of the hidden costs of hiding your true personality.
Brian Little | Speaker | TED.com