TEDxAmsterdam
Rogier van der Heide: Why light needs darkness
Rogier van der Heide談為什麼光明需要黑暗
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照明工程師Rogier van der Heide以新的角度看世界，特別著重於光（與暗）。例子包括了典型建築中縝密的光線設計。
Rogier van der Heide - Lighting designer
Rogier van der Heide creates architectural spaces with light. Full bio
Rogier van der Heide creates architectural spaces with light. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
There's a beautiful statement on the screen
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在螢幕上有個美妙的見解：
00:18
that says, "Light creates ambiance,
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「光線創造氛圍，
00:21
light makes the feel of a space,
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光線製造空間的感受，
00:24
and light is also the expression of structure."
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且光線是構造的表現。」
00:28
Well that was not by me.
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這不是我說的，
00:30
That was, of course, by Le Corbusier,
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是名建築家
00:32
the famous architect.
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柯比意說的。
00:34
And here you can see what he meant
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在這裡你可以從他美麗的建築物中
00:36
in one of his beautiful buildings --
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瞧出端倪。
00:39
the chapel Notre Dame du Haut, Ronchamp --
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巴黎廊香教堂便是一棟
00:43
where he creates this light
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他運用光線的範例，
00:45
that he could only make because there's also dark.
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而這樣的光線必須由黑暗相伴。
00:48
And I think that is the quintessence
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而我認為這是
00:51
of this 18-minute talk --
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這十八分鐘演講的精華：
00:54
that there is no good lighting
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若沒有適當的黑暗，
00:57
that is healthy and for our well-being
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就沒有所謂的
01:00
without proper darkness.
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健康、有用的光明。
01:04
So this is how we normally would light our offices.
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這是我們平常如何照明辦公室。
01:07
We have codes and standards
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我們有規範和標準
01:09
that tell us that the lights should be so much lux
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告訴我們燈光需要多亮
01:12
and of great uniformity.
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且需要多整齊。
01:14
This is how we create uniform lighting
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這是我們如何
01:17
from one wall to the other
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利用整齊的光格
01:19
in a regular grid of lamps.
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製造兩牆間一致的照明。
01:22
And that is quite different
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而這與我剛剛給你們看的
01:24
from what I just showed you
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柯比意運用的方式
01:26
from Le Corbusier.
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是很不同的。
01:28
If we would apply these codes and standards
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如果我們運用一樣的規範和標準
01:30
to the Pantheon in Rome,
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在羅馬的神殿中，
01:32
it would never have looked like this,
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它看起來就不會是這樣的，
01:34
because this beautiful light feature
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因為這美麗的光線特色
01:36
that goes around there all by itself
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讓光可以環繞自己，
01:39
can only appear
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只能存在於
01:41
because there is also darkness in that same building.
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建築物本身也包含黑暗的狀況下。
01:45
And the same is more or less what Santiago Calatrava said
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同樣的Santiago Calatrava（西班牙建築家）說：
01:48
when he said, "Light: I make it in my buildings
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「我在我的建築中使用光線，
01:51
for comfort."
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來達到舒適感。」
01:53
And he didn't mean the comfort of a five-course dinner
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且他的意思不是五道式晚宴
01:56
as opposed to a one-course meal,
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與一道式簡餐的差別，
01:58
but he really meant the comfort
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而是建築物本身
02:00
of the quality of the building for the people.
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帶給人的舒適感。
02:03
He meant that you can see the sky
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他的意思是你可以看天空
02:05
and that you can experience the sun.
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且感受到太陽。
02:08
And he created these gorgeous buildings
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且他設計了一些華麗的建築，
02:11
where you can see the sky,
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從中你可以看到天空
02:13
and where you can experience the sun,
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亦可感受陽光。
02:15
that give us a better life in the built environment,
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那讓我們在這樣設計的環境中有更好的生活，
02:18
just because of the relevance of light
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因為光的明亮
02:21
in its brightness and also in its shadows.
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也因為光的陰影。
02:25
What it all boils down to is, of course, the sun.
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這全都是因為太陽。
02:28
And this image of the sun may suggest
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這張太陽的圖片可能會讓人覺得
02:31
that the sun is something evil and aggressive,
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太陽是個邪惡且具侵略性的東西。
02:34
but we should not forget that all energy on this planet
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但我們不該忘記的是
02:37
actually comes from the sun,
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這星球上所有的能量都來自於太陽。
02:39
and light is only a manifestation
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且光線僅僅只是
02:42
of that energy.
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這能量的表象。
02:44
The sun is for dynamics, for color changes.
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太陽是動態的、會改變顏色的，
02:47
The sun is for beauty in our environment,
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太陽是我們環境中美麗的來源，
02:50
like in this building --
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就像在這個建築物中--
02:52
the High Museum in Atlanta,
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亞特蘭大的高等藝術博物館--
02:54
which has been created by Renzo Piano from Italy,
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是由義大利的倫佐皮亞諾
02:56
together with Arup Lighting,
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和奧雅納萊丁共同創造的。
02:59
a brilliant team of lighting designers,
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這是組非常聰明的光線設計師，
03:01
who created
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他們設計了
03:03
a very subtle modulation of light
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一個非常微妙的光線變化，
03:06
across the space,
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讓空間中的光線
03:08
responding to what the sun does outside,
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能隨著室外陽光作變化，
03:10
just because of all these beautiful openings in the roof.
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而他們運用的就是天花板的孔洞。
03:13
So in an indirect way,
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所以間接的
03:15
you can see the sun.
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人們可以看到太陽。
03:17
And what they did
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所以他們做的是
03:19
is they created an integral building element
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設計了一個與建築物融合的元素
03:21
to improve the quality of the space
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來改善空間的品質，
03:24
that surrounds the visitors of the museum.
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來包圍博物館中的參觀民眾。
03:26
They created this shade
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他們設計了這樣的遮光物，
03:28
that you can see here,
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在螢幕上可以看到，
03:30
which actually covers the sun,
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可以遮住太陽
03:33
but opens up to the good light from the sky.
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但讓天空中許多光線進入。
03:36
And here you can see
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在這裡你們可以看到
03:38
how they really crafted a beautiful design process
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他們如何在設計過程中
03:40
with physical models,
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運用物理模型
03:42
with quantitative, as well as qualitative, methods
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運用量化和質化的方法
03:45
to come to a final solution
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才來到這個最終的東西，
03:48
that is truly integrated and completely holistic
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這是真正融合
03:50
with the architecture.
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整個建築物的設計。
03:52
They allowed themselves a few mistakes along the way.
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在過程中他們讓自己有犯錯的空間。
03:54
As you can see here, there's some direct light on the floor,
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就像你們可以看到的，地上有些直射的光，
03:56
but they could easily figure out where that comes from.
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但他們可以很輕易的找出問題來源。
03:59
And they allow people in that building
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且他們讓在屋子中的人
04:03
to really enjoy the sun,
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可以盡情地享受陽光，
04:05
the good part of the sun.
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有用的陽光。
04:07
And enjoying the sun
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享受陽光
04:09
can be in many different ways, of course.
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可以有很多不同種的方式。
04:12
It can be just like this,
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可以只是這樣，
04:14
or maybe like this, which is rather peculiar,
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或是這樣有些怪的方式，
04:17
but this is in 1963 --
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但這是1963年--
04:19
the viewing of a sun eclipse
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在美國看到的
04:21
in the United States.
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日蝕。
04:23
And it's just a bit bright up there,
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這邊有點太亮了，
04:26
so these people have found a very intriguing solution.
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所以人們想到了這樣有趣的解決方式。
04:30
This is, I think, a very illustrative image of what I try to say --
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這是，我認為很能說明我想要解釋的東西--
04:32
that the beautiful dynamics of sun,
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就是太陽美妙的變化，
04:35
bringing these into the building,
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當融入建築物後，
04:37
creates a quality of our built environment
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可以創造一個能夠
04:40
that truly enhances our lives.
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提升生活品質的環境。
04:42
And this is all about darkness
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且這全都與黑暗有關
04:44
as much as it is about lightness, of course,
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重要程度跟光線一樣，
04:46
because otherwise you don't see these dynamics.
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因為如果沒有黑暗就感受不到變化。
04:49
As opposed to the first office that I showed you
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相對於我一開始
04:52
in the beginning of the talk,
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給你們看的辦公室，
04:54
this is a well-known office, which is the White Group.
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這是一間很有名的辦公室，叫做白組織。
04:57
They are in green energy consulting, or something like that.
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他們做的是類似綠色能源諮商的事情。
05:00
And they really practice what they preach
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且他們真的言行一致，
05:02
because this office doesn't have any electric lighting at all.
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因為他們的辦公室沒有使用任何電力照明。
05:05
It has only on one side
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他們只有一邊
05:07
this big, big glass window
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有很大很大的玻璃窗戶
05:09
that helps to let the sunlight enter
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可以讓太陽光進來，
05:11
deep into the space
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進到空間當中，
05:13
and create a beautiful quality there and a great dynamic range.
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且產生了這美妙的特色和動態的變化。
05:16
So it can be very dim over there, and you do your work,
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所以那邊可以很暗，且你可以做事，
05:19
and it can be very bright over there, and you do your work.
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也可以很亮，你仍然可以做事。
05:22
But actually the human eye
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但事實上人眼
05:24
turns out to be remarkably adaptable
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是據有極高適應性的，
05:26
to all these different light conditions
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對於各種的光線變化，
05:28
that together create an environment
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讓這些創造一個
05:30
that is never boring and that is never dull,
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永遠不會無聊單調的環境，
05:32
and therefore helps us to enhance our lives.
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且讓我們改善生活。
05:36
I really owe a short introduction of this man to you.
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我應該要介紹一個人。
05:39
This is Richard Kelly
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他叫做裡查克利。
05:41
who was born 100 years ago,
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他生於一百年前，
05:43
which is the reason I bring him up now,
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這也是我要提他的原因，
05:45
because it's kind of an anniversary year.
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因為有點像是週年紀念。
05:47
In the 1930s, Richard Kelly was the first person
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在1930年代，裡查克利是第一個
05:50
to really describe
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真的去解釋
05:52
a methodology of modern lighting design.
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現代燈光設計方法的人。
05:54
And he coined three terms,
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他創立了三個名詞，
05:56
which are "focal glow,"
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「焦點光」、
05:58
"ambient luminescence"
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「環境照明」、
06:00
and "play of the brilliants" --
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和「亮點特色」。
06:02
three very distinctly different
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雖然是建築照明中
06:04
ideas about light in architecture
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非常不同的東西，
06:06
that all together
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但加起來
06:08
make up this beautiful experience.
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組成美妙的體驗。
06:10
So you begin with focal glow.
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所以從焦點光開始。
06:12
He meant something like this --
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他是指
06:14
where the light gives direction to the space
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光線如何在空間中指示方位
06:16
and helps you to get around.
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且幫助你找到要去的地方。
06:18
Or something like this, which is the lighting design he did
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換句話說，像他幫
06:20
for General Motors, for the car showroom.
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General Motors設計的汽車展示場。
06:22
And you enter that space,
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當你進到那個空間時，
06:24
and you feel like, "Wow! This is so impressive,"
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會感受到「哇！這令人印象深刻」
06:27
just because of this focal point,
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就是因為有焦點光，
06:29
this huge light source in the middle.
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就是中間的巨大光來源。
06:31
To me it is something from theatre,
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對我來說這是從劇場來的，
06:33
and I will get back to that a little bit later.
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我晚點再回來說這個。
06:35
It's the spotlight on the artist
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這是照在藝術家的聚光燈，
06:37
that helps you to focus.
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幫助你聚焦。
06:39
It could also be the sunlight that breaks through the clouds
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這也可以是透過雲層照出來的太陽光
06:42
and lights up a patch of the land,
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照亮一小塊地，
06:45
highlighting it
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讓它在旁邊暗的環境中
06:47
compared to the dim environment.
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顯得突出。
06:50
Or it can be in today's retail, in the shopping environment --
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或是可以是今天的零售店，在一個買東西的環境中，
06:53
lighting the merchandise
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照亮商品
06:55
and creating accents that help you to get around.
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製造一個讓你到處逛逛的氛圍。
06:58
Ambient luminescence is something very different.
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環境照明則不同。
07:01
Richard Kelly saw it as something infinite,
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裡查克利認為它是無邊的，
07:04
something without any focus,
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是沒有焦點的，
07:06
something where all details
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是個所有細節
07:08
actually dissolve in infinity.
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都散在無邊的環境中。
07:11
And I see it as a very comfortable kind of light
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我認為它是一個舒適的光線，
07:14
that really helps us to relax
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讓我們放鬆
07:16
and to contemplate.
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及思考。
07:18
It could also be something like this:
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它也可以是這樣的：
07:20
the National Museum of Science in London,
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在倫敦的國家科學博物館中，
07:23
where this blue
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藍光
07:25
is embracing all the exhibitions and galleries
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圍繞著所有的展示品
07:27
in one large gesture.
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及展覽廳。
07:30
And then finally, Kelly's play of brilliants attitude,
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然後最後，克利運用亮點。
07:33
that really some play of the skyline of Hong Kong,
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就像是香港的地平線，
07:37
or perhaps the chandelier in the opera house,
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或是歌劇院的水晶燈，
07:39
or in the theater here,
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或是這個劇場，
07:41
which is a decoration,
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就是個裝飾，
07:43
the icing on the cake, something playful,
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像是蛋糕上的糖衣，有趣的東西，
07:45
something that is just an addition
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或是只是一個
07:47
to the architectural environment, I would say.
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附加在建築物環境的東西。
07:50
These three distinct elements,
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這三樣不同的元素
07:52
together, make a lighting environment
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加在一起可以製造一個
07:54
that helps us to feel better.
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讓我們感覺更好的環境。
07:56
And we can only create these out of darkness.
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且這只能在有黑暗的狀況下才能達到。
07:58
And I will explain that further.
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我會再解釋更多。
08:00
And I guess that is something that Richard Kelly, here on the left,
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我猜這是裡查克利，在左手的那位，
08:03
was explaining to Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe.
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想要解釋給Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe（德國建築師）聽的。
08:06
And behind them, you see that Seagram Building
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在他們後面你可以看到西格拉母大廈，
08:08
that later turned into
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這座建築之後
08:10
an icon of modern lighting design.
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成為現代燈光設計的代表。
08:14
Those times, there were some early attempts
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在那時候，已經開始有一些
08:16
also for light therapy already.
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早期的燈光治療。
08:18
You can see here a photo from the United States Library of Medicine,
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你看到這裡是美國醫藥圖書館，
08:21
where people are put in the sun to get better.
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有些人在太陽光下療傷。
08:24
It's a little bit of a different story,
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這是有點不一樣的，
08:26
this health aspect of light,
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這個光的健康因素，
08:28
than what I'm telling you today.
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這部份和我今天要談的不大一樣。
08:30
In today's modern medicine,
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在現今的醫學中，
08:32
there is a real understanding of light
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對光線有一定的瞭解，
08:35
in an almost biochemical way.
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且主要是以生化的角度來看待。
08:38
And there is the idea
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有這樣的說法：
08:40
that, when we look at things,
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當我們看東西時，
08:42
it is the yellow light that helps us the most,
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黃光對我們幫助最大，
08:45
that we are the most sensitive for.
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且是我們最敏感的光源。
08:47
But our circadian rhythms,
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但我們的晝夜節律
08:49
which are the rhythms that help us to wake and sleep
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就是調控我們起床、睡覺、
08:51
and be alert and relaxed and so forth and so on,
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清醒、放鬆的節律，
08:54
they are much more triggered by blue light.
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反而對藍光比較敏感。
08:57
And by modulating the amount of blue
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利用調節環境中的
08:59
in our environment,
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藍光，
09:01
we can help people to relax, or to be alert,
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我們可以幫助人們放鬆或警戒、
09:04
to fall asleep, or to stay awake.
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睡眠或清醒。
09:07
And that is how,
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這也是
09:09
maybe in the near future,
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或許在不遠的未來
09:11
light can help hospitals
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醫院可以利用光線
09:13
to make people better sooner,
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來幫助病人
09:16
recover them quicker.
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更快康復。
09:18
Maybe in the airplane,
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或是在飛航中，
09:20
we can overcome jet lag like that.
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我們可以利用這個克服時差。
09:22
Perhaps in school, we can help children to learn better
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或是在學校，我們可以幫助孩子們學習，
09:25
because they concentrate more on their work.
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因為他們可以更專注於學習。
09:28
And you can imagine a lot more applications.
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且你們可以想出更多用途。
09:30
But I would like to talk further
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但我想要更深入地談
09:32
about the combination
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光與暗
09:34
of light and darkness
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的結合
09:37
as a quality in our life.
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在我們生活品質的影響。
09:41
So light is, of course, for social interaction also --
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光，顯然的，與社會互動有關，
09:44
to create relationships
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能夠建立我們
09:46
with all the features around us.
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與生活周遭的關係。
09:48
It is the place where we gather around
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它是當我們有事情要和別人說時
09:51
when we have to say something to each other.
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圍繞的中心。
09:53
And it is all about this planet.
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且它也敘述了這個地球。
09:55
But when you look at this planet at night, it looks like this.
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但當你在夜晚看這顆行星時，它會長這樣。
09:58
And I think this is the most shocking image
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且我認為這是我今天的演講中
10:00
in my talk today.
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最驚人的一張圖片。
10:02
Because all this light here
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因為這裡所有的光
10:04
goes up to the sky.
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都會到天空去。
10:06
It never reaches the ground
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光不會到達
10:08
where it was meant for.
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它應該到的地面上。
10:10
It never is to the benefit of people.
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它不會幫助人類。
10:12
It only spoils the darkness.
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它只會糟蹋黑暗。
10:14
So at a global scale, it looks like this.
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所以在世界的尺度看，看起來像這樣。
10:17
And, I mean, that is quite amazing, what you see here --
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我的意思是，這非常驚人的，你可以看到
10:20
how much light goes up into the sky
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有多少光往天上去
10:23
and never reaches the ground.
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且不會到地面。
10:25
Because if we look at the Earth the way it should be,
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因為地球應有的樣子，
10:28
it would be something like this very inspiring image
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會是個看起來非常具有啓發性的圖像，
10:31
where darkness is for our imagination
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它的陰影幫助我們想像、
10:33
and for contemplation
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讓我們沈思、
10:35
and to help us to relate to everything.
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讓我們更加瞭解我們與周遭的關係。
10:38
The world is changing though,
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但這個世界正在改變，
10:40
and urbanization is a big driver of everything.
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且文明是所有事情的驅動力。
10:42
I took this photo two weeks ago in Guangzhou,
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我兩個禮拜前在廣州拍了這張照片，
10:45
and I realized that 10 years ago,
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而我意識到十年前，
10:47
there was nothing like this, of these buildings.
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不會有這樣的建築物。
10:51
It was just a much smaller city,
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只會有個小很多的城市，
10:53
and the pace of urbanization
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且文明的腳步
10:55
is incredible and enormous.
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是驚人且巨大的。
10:57
And we have to understand these main questions:
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所以我們需要瞭解，最重要的問題是：
11:00
How do people move through these new urban spaces?
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人們如何在不同的文明中移動？
11:03
How do they share their culture?
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他們如何分享他們的文化？
11:05
How do we tackle things like mobility?
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我們該如何解釋移動這種事情？
11:07
And how can light help there?
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且光要如何幫助我們？
11:09
Because the new technologies,
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因為有新的科技，
11:11
they seem to be in a really interesting position
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他們似乎處在一個非常有趣的位置，
11:14
to contribute to the solutions of urbanization
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讓他們能夠提供文明的解答
11:17
and to provide us with better environments.
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且讓我們有更好的環境。
11:20
It's not that long ago
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在不久以前
11:22
that our lighting was just done
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我們的光還來自於
11:24
with these kinds of lamps.
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這樣的燈泡。
11:26
And of course, we had the metal halide lamps and fluorescent lamps
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當然的，我們也有金屬鹵化燈和螢光燈
11:28
and things like that.
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那類的東西。
11:30
Now we have LED,
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現在我們有LED，
11:32
but here you see the latest one,
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這裡你可以看到最新的，
11:34
and you see how incredibly small it is.
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你可以看到他有多麼小。
11:36
And this is exactly what offers us a unique opportunity
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且這提供了我們獨一無二的機會，
11:39
because this tiny, tiny size
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因為這很小很小，
11:42
allows us to put the light wherever we really need it.
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讓我們可以隨心所欲地置放光。
11:45
And we can actually leave it out where it's not needed at all
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我們也可以在我們不需要的地方取消光，
11:47
and where we can preserve darkness.
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讓我們可以保存黑暗。
11:49
So that is a really interesting proposition, I think,
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且我認為這是一個非常有趣的主張，
11:52
and a new way of lighting the architectural environment
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一個新的光線用法，建築一個
11:55
with our well-being in mind.
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以我們的健康為出發點的環境。
11:58
The problem is though that I wanted to explain to you how this really works --
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問題是我想要解釋給你們聽這怎麼運作的，
12:01
but I can have four of these on my finger,
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但我沒有辦法在手中一次拿四個這個東西，
12:04
so you would not to be able to really see them.
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你們會沒有辦法看到。
12:07
So I asked our laboratory to do something about it,
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所以我請我們實驗室解決這個問題，
12:09
and they said, "Well, we can do something."
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且他們說：「好，我們可以解決這個問題。」
12:11
They created for me the biggest LED in the world
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他們幫我創造了一個世界上最大的LED，
12:14
especially for TEDx in Amsterdam.
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專門為阿姆斯特丹TEDx製造的。
12:16
So here it is.
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就在這了。
12:18
It's the same thing as you can see over there -- just 200 times bigger.
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這跟你們在那看到的一樣，只是大了兩百倍。
12:21
And I will very quickly show you how it works.
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且我會很快地給你們看這怎麼運作的。
12:24
So just to explain.
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好，解釋一下。
12:28
Now, every LED that is made these days
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現今製造的每個LED燈
12:32
gives blue light.
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都是藍色光的。
12:34
Now this is not very pleasant and comfortable.
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這不是非常愉快和舒適的。
12:37
And for that reason,
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由於這個原因，
12:39
we cover the LED
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我們在LED上
12:42
with a phosphor cap.
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加上磷光劑，
12:44
And the phosphor is excited by the blue
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磷會被藍光激發
12:47
and makes the light white and warm and pleasant.
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成為溫暖且舒服的白光。
12:50
And then when you add the lens to that,
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然後你在上面加個透鏡，
12:53
you can bundle the light and send it to wherever you need it
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就可以將光線聚集成束狀，你可以讓光照到任何你想要的地方，
12:56
without any need to spill any light
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且不會有多餘的光跑到
12:58
to the sky or anywhere else.
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天空或是你不想要的任何地方。
13:00
So you can preserve the darkness and make the light.
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所以你可以保存黑暗且製造光亮。
13:03
I just wanted to show that to you
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我只是想要給你們看這個，
13:05
so you understand how this works.
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所以你們會瞭解這如何運作的。
13:09
Thank you.
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謝謝。
13:11
We can go further.
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我們可以繼續。
13:13
So we have to rethink the way we light our cities.
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所以我們需要重新思考我們如何照明城市。
13:16
We have to think again
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我們需要重新思考
13:18
about light as a default solution.
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光線如何作為初始的解決方案。
13:20
Why are all these motorways permanently lit?
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為什麼這些道路永遠亮著呢？
13:22
Is it really needed?
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這真的是需要的嗎？
13:24
Can we maybe be much more selective
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我們是不是可以做更好的選擇
13:26
and create better environments that also benefit from darkness?
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來建造一個更好的環境讓我們可以從黑暗中得利？
13:29
Can we be more gentle with light?
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我們可以更溫和地使用光嗎？
13:31
Like here -- this is a very low light level actually.
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像在這裡，這是個低光線的環境。
13:34
Can we engage people more
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我們是不是可以讓更多人參與
13:36
in the lighting projects that we create,
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這個我們創造的照明計畫，
13:38
so they really want to connect with it, like here?
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所以他們真的能夠感受到光？就像在這裡。
13:41
Or can we create simply sculptures
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或是我們是不是可以建立一個
13:43
that are very inspiring to be in and to be around?
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能夠讓在理面和在周圍的人感到振奮的雕塑品？
13:45
And can we preserve the darkness?
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我們是不是可以保存黑暗？
13:47
Because to find a place like this today on Earth
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因為今天要在地球上找到一個像這樣的地方
13:50
is really very, very challenging.
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非常非常難。
13:53
And to find a starry sky like this is even more difficult.
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若要找到這樣的星空就更難了。
13:56
Even in the oceans, we are creating a lot of light
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就算在海洋上，我們也用了很多光線。
13:59
that we could actually ban also for animal life
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且為了動物們生活、達到更好的環境，
14:02
to have a much greater well-being.
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這些光線事實上是可以拿掉的。
14:04
And it's known that migrating birds, for example,
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舉例來說，候鳥
14:06
get very disoriented
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會因為這些不在岸上的光源
14:08
because of these offshore platforms.
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而方向錯亂。
14:10
And we discovered that, when we make those lights green,
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且我們發現，如果我們將這些光改成綠色的，
14:12
the birds, they actually go the right way.
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鳥兒們就會往對的方向飛。
14:14
They are not disturbed anymore.
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他們就不再被影響了。
14:17
And it turns out once again
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所以再次的，
14:19
that spectral sensitivity
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光譜靈敏度
14:21
is very important here.
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非常重要。
14:23
In all of these examples, I think,
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我認為在這所有例子中，
14:26
we should start making the light out of darkness,
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我們應該要從黑暗中製造光線，
14:29
and use the darkness as a canvas --
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且將黑暗當作帆布，
14:31
like the visual artists do,
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就像視覺藝術家一樣，
14:33
like Edward Hopper in this painting.
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像Edward Hopper在這幅畫表現的一樣。
14:35
I think that there is a lot of suspense in this painting.
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我認為這幅畫中有很多懸念。
14:38
I think, when I see it,
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我想，當我看到它時，
14:40
I start to think, who are those people?
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我會想，這些人是誰？
14:42
Where have they come from? Where are they going?
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他們從拿裡來？他們要去哪裡？
14:44
What just happened? What will be happening in the next five minutes?
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剛剛發生了什麼事？接下來的五分中會發生什麼事？
14:47
And it only embodies all these stories and all this suspense
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而且它之所以會給人這麼多想像這麼多懸念
14:50
because of the darkness and the light.
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就是因為他運用的黑暗和光線。
14:52
Edward Hopper was a real master
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Edward Hopper是個
14:54
in creating the narration
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運用光與暗
14:56
by working with light and dark.
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來製造旁白的大師。
14:58
And we can learn from that
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且我們可以從中學習，
15:00
and create more interesting and inspiring architectural environments.
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來創造更多有趣且具啓發性的建築環境。
15:03
We can do that in commercial spaces like this.
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我們可以在像這樣的商業場合這麼做。
15:06
And you can still also go outside
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且你仍然可以到外面
15:08
and enjoy the greatest show in the universe,
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且享受宇宙最棒的演出，
15:13
which is, of course, the universe itself.
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當然的，就是宇宙自己。
15:17
So I give you this wonderful, informative
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所以我給你們這個美妙的、富含資訊的
15:20
image of the sky,
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天空之圖，
15:23
ranging from the inner city,
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從市中心
15:25
where you may see one or two stars and nothing else,
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只能看到一、兩顆星星其他都看不到，
15:28
all the way to the rural environments,
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一直到鄉村地方
15:30
where you can enjoy
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可以欣賞
15:32
this great and gorgeous and beautiful performance
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星座和星星編織出來
15:35
of the constellations and the stars.
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美妙地演出。
15:37
In architecture, it works just the same.
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在建築上也是一樣的。
15:40
By appreciating the darkness when you design the light,
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當你設計光線時，透過欣賞黑暗，
15:43
you create much more interesting environments
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你可以創造更多有趣的、
15:46
that truly enhance our lives.
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可以改善生活的環境。
15:49
This is the most well-known example,
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這是最有名的例子，
15:51
Tadao Ando's Church of Light.
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Tadao Ando的教堂之光。
15:53
But I also think
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但我也想到
15:55
of Peter Zumthor's spa in Vals,
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Peter Zumthor在瓦爾斯的溫泉，
15:59
where light and dark, in very gentle combinations,
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在那裡光與暗溫和地結合、
16:02
alter each other to define the space.
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改變對方來定義空間。
16:04
Or Richard McCormack's Southern tube station in London,
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或是Richard McCormach在倫敦建造的南部地鐵站，
16:07
where you can really see the sky,
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一個你可以在地底下
16:09
even though you are under the ground.
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看到天空的設計。
16:12
And finally I want to point out
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最後我要說明，
16:14
that a lot of this inspiration comes from theater.
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很多的想法來自於劇場。
16:16
And I think it's fantastic that we are today experiencing TEDx
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且我認為我們今天的TEDx
16:20
in a theater for the first time
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第一次在劇場舉辦很棒，
16:23
because I think we really owe to the theater a big thanks.
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因為我認為我們欠劇場很多。
16:27
It wouldn't be such an inspiring scenography
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若不是劇場，
16:29
without this theater.
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這些場景不會這麼振奮人心。
16:31
And I think the theater is a place
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且我認為劇場是一個
16:34
where we truly enhance life with light.
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我們真正利用光來改善生活的地方。
16:37
Thank you very much.
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謝謝。
16:39
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Rogier van der Heide - Lighting designerRogier van der Heide creates architectural spaces with light.
Why you should listen
Lighting designer Rogier van der Heide creates (and oversees) engaging, inspiring, three-dimensional design that fuses light, image projection, architecture and product design to create a memorable, authentic experience. He's been internationally recognized as one of the leading architectural lighting design specialists. He's the Chief Design Officer for Philips Lighting; before that, he was Director at Arup and Global Business Leader Lighting Design of Arup Lighting.
Van der Heide is one of five international designers commissioned by Swarovski Crystal Palace to create an installation to be launched during the Milan Furniture Fair this year.
Rogier van der Heide | Speaker | TED.com