TEDxBeaconStreet
Bob Inglis: American bipartisan politics can be saved -- here's how
鮑伯英格里斯: 美國的兩黨政治還有救－做法在此
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美國國會的前共和黨黨員鮑伯英格里斯分享了樂觀的訊息，說明保守派如何能在氣候變遷及其他迫切問題上領導－以及自由企業（及跨意識形態共同努力）才是解決方案。「美國並不是由那些等待並想要向後看的人所建立起來的。」英格里斯說：「現在就起身領導… 告訴美國人，我們心中仍然有登月計畫。」
Bob Inglis - Politician, energy optimist
Former United States Congressman Bob Inglis promotes free enterprise action on climate change. Full bio
Former United States Congressman Bob Inglis promotes free enterprise action on climate change. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Imagine that you're a member of Congress.
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想像一下，你是國會議員。
00:16
You've worked very hard.
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你非常努力工作。
00:19
You've knocked on thousands of doors,
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你造訪過數千戶人家，
00:22
sweating and shivering,
depending on the season.
depending on the season.
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熱天頂著太陽，冷天冒著寒風。
00:25
You've made hundreds,
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你打過數百通，
00:27
maybe thousands of phone calls
to people you don't even know
to people you don't even know
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也許數千通電話，
對象都是你不認識的人，
對象都是你不認識的人，
00:31
asking for their support,
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懇求他們的支持，
00:33
begging for their money.
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請求他們的資助。
現在你也有了一塊這種匾牌，
00:36
And now you've got one of these.
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00:38
It's hanging on a door in Washington, DC.
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它就掛在華盛頓特區的一扇門上，
00:41
It says you're a member of Congress,
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上頭寫著你是國會議員，
00:43
that you represent
the people of your state.
the people of your state.
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你代表你那一州的人民。
00:47
Now, imagine you're a conservative
member of Congress.
member of Congress.
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現在，想像你是國會中的保守議員。
00:53
For some of you here
in Boston, Massachusetts,
in Boston, Massachusetts,
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在麻州的波士頓這裡，
00:55
that's going to take
a powerful imagination, all right?
a powerful imagination, all right?
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在座有些人應該需要
非常強大的想像力，對吧？
非常強大的想像力，對吧？
00:58
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
00:59
But imagine with me
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但，和我一起想像，
01:02
that you're a conservative
member of Congress.
member of Congress.
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你是國會的保守議員。
01:05
You grew up on Milton Friedman.
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你跟著米爾頓傅利曼長大。
01:08
You love his free markets,
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你喜愛他的自由市場、
01:09
free enterprise and free trade.
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自由企業，以及自由貿易。
01:12
You've watched Ronald Reagan's
farewell address over and over,
farewell address over and over,
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你把隆納雷根的告別演說
看了一遍又一遍，
看了一遍又一遍，
01:18
and you cry every time --
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每看一遍你都還是會哭－
01:20
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
01:21
he gets to the part about
the shining city on the hill,
the shining city on the hill,
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當他說到在山丘上的閃耀城市，
01:25
and how if the city had to have walls,
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以及這個城市如何必須要有牆壁，
01:28
the walls had doors --
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牆壁要有門－
01:30
doors to let in those yearning
to breathe free.
to breathe free.
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門是為了要讓渴望
能自由呼吸的人進入。
能自由呼吸的人進入。
01:35
You get goosebumps when you think
of him telling Mr. Gorbachev
of him telling Mr. Gorbachev
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當你想到他要戈巴契夫拆掉牆壁時，
01:40
to tear down his wall.
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你會起雞皮疙瘩。
01:43
You're a conservative member of Congress,
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你是國會的保守議員，
01:46
and you agree with President
John F. Kennedy
John F. Kennedy
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且你認同約翰甘迺迪總統說的，
01:49
that America is an exceptional place.
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美國是個獨特不凡的地方。
01:53
For inspiration,
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需要靈感時，
01:54
you go to YouTube and you watch
his speech at Rice University,
his speech at Rice University,
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你會上 YouTube 看
他在萊斯大學的演講，
他在萊斯大學的演講，
01:59
September of 1962,
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1962 年 9 月，
02:01
the "moon shot" speech.
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「登月計畫」演說。
02:03
And you're amazed
that he admits in that speech --
that he admits in that speech --
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讓你覺得驚奇的，
是他在那場演講中－
是他在那場演講中－
02:08
a speech of 17 minutes of pure
American exceptionalism --
American exceptionalism --
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那場十七分鐘的
純美國例外論演講中－
純美國例外論演講中－
02:13
that some of the materials
needed for the spacecraft
needed for the spacecraft
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承認太空船所需要的一些材料
02:17
hadn't been invented yet.
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尚未被發明出來。
02:19
No matter.
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無所謂。
02:21
We're going to the Moon
before the decade is out.
before the decade is out.
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我們要在這十年內上月球。
02:24
You agree with him
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你認同他說的，
02:27
that the vows of this nation
can be fulfilled
can be fulfilled
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只有一個情況下，
這個國家的誓言可以被履行，
這個國家的誓言可以被履行，
那就是我們國家要是第一個，
02:30
only if we in this nation are first
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因此，我們打算要成為第一個。
02:33
and therefore we intend to be first.
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02:37
You've taken as your own
the affect that he so embodied.
the affect that he so embodied.
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你把被他所具體化的影響，
當作是你自己的。
當作是你自己的。
02:43
That when leaders are optimistic,
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當領導者很樂觀時，
02:46
they're saying they believe
in the people they represent.
in the people they represent.
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就表示他們相信他們所代表的人民。
02:51
You're a conservative member of Congress,
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你是國會的保守議員，
02:54
and you believe
in the precautionary principle.
in the precautionary principle.
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且你相信事先做預防的原則。
02:58
You believe in data-driven analysis.
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你相信資料導向的分析。
03:01
You know that climate change is real
and human-caused,
and human-caused,
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你知道氣候變遷是真的，
是人類造成的，
是人類造成的，
03:05
and you see in climate change
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且你在氣候變遷中看到
03:08
a silent and slow-moving Sputnik moment.
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看到了一個沉默
且移動緩慢的人造衛星時刻。
且移動緩慢的人造衛星時刻。
03:14
One that calls for
the greatness of your nation
the greatness of your nation
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這個時刻需要你的
國家展現它的偉大，
國家展現它的偉大，
03:17
as much as the original Sputnik moment.
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需要的程度不亞於
原本的人造衛星時刻。
原本的人造衛星時刻。
03:21
You are a conservative member of Congress.
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你是國會的保守議員。
03:25
You high-five the memory of Jack Kemp,
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你慶祝傑克肯普的記憶，
03:28
and believe with him
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並和他一起相信，
03:31
that the test of conservatism
is that it works for everyone,
is that it works for everyone,
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保守主義的試煉，
就是它要對每個人都有用，
就是它要對每個人都有用，
03:34
regardless of skin color.
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不論膚色。
03:37
You're appalled by the alt-right.
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另類右派讓你害怕。
03:41
You want them to have nothing to do
with your brand, your party, your legacy.
with your brand, your party, your legacy.
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你希望你的品牌、
你的黨派、留給後人的東西，
都不要和他們扯上關係。
都不要和他們扯上關係。
03:47
You utterly reject them.
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你完全排斥他們。
03:50
You --
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你－
03:51
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
03:56
You're a conservative member of Congress.
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你是國會的保守議員。
03:58
You rise with compassion
to protect the lives of the unborn,
to protect the lives of the unborn,
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你帶著同情心站出來，
要保護胎兒的生命，
要保護胎兒的生命，
04:02
but otherwise you think
the bedroom of consenting adults
the bedroom of consenting adults
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但在其他方面，你認為政府若是
介入合法成人的閨房，未必怪異。
04:06
is a rather strange place
for the government to be.
for the government to be.
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04:09
You are a conservative member of Congress.
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你是國會的保守議員。
04:15
With John Adams,
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和約翰亞當斯一樣，
04:18
you fear the mob.
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你懼怕暴民。
04:20
Because you know, as he knew,
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因為你知道，就如同他知道，
04:22
that a mob is not able to protect liberty,
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暴民無法保護自由，
04:24
not even its own.
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連他們自己的都無法。
04:26
And you're amazed at the wisdom
that he and other framers had
that he and other framers had
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在建立一個緩慢、慎重的治理過程上，
04:30
in establishing a slow,
deliberative governing process --
deliberative governing process --
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一個天性上就很保守的管理過程上，
04:35
an inherently conservative
governing process.
governing process.
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他及其他籌劃者
所擁有智慧讓你驚艷，
所擁有智慧讓你驚艷，
04:38
It would serve a country.
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它能為國家服務。
04:40
It would grow far greater
than they could ever imagine.
than they could ever imagine.
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它所能達到的程度遠比
他們所想像的更了不起。
他們所想像的更了不起。
04:45
You are a conservative member of Congress.
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你是國會的保守議員。
04:49
You fear the fire of populist nationalism,
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你懼怕民粹國家主義的火，
04:55
because you know
that those who play with fire
that those who play with fire
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因為你知道那些玩火的人
04:58
can't control it.
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無法控制火。
05:00
You see their pitchforks and torches,
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你看到他們的乾草叉和火把，
05:02
and you know they're not
good building tools.
good building tools.
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你知道它們不適合用來建設。
05:06
The pitchforks and torches can tear down
and burn up but they can't build up.
and burn up but they can't build up.
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乾草叉和火把能被用來拆除和燒毀，
但無法用來建設。
但無法用來建設。
05:12
They can't build up
the institutions and the communities
the institutions and the communities
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它們無法建設制度和共同體，
05:16
so necessary to a stable
and prosperous country.
and prosperous country.
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但這些都是穩定繁榮的
國家所不能缺的。
國家所不能缺的。
05:22
You're a conservative member of Congress,
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你是國會的保守議員，
05:25
and you fear the next
county party convention.
county party convention.
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你懼怕下一次的全州黨代表大會。
05:31
You so wish for your party
to be the grand opportunity party,
to be the grand opportunity party,
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你好希望你的黨派是個絕佳機會黨，
05:36
not the grumpy old party.
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而不是個脾氣暴躁的老黨。
05:38
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
05:40
You know that they want
to hear from you some old saw
to hear from you some old saw
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你知道他們想從你這裡聽到格言，
05:45
about how a secret Muslim, non-American
socialist took over in the White House
socialist took over in the White House
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關於秘密的非美裔穆斯林
社會主義者如何佔領白宮，
社會主義者如何佔領白宮，
05:49
and destroyed the country,
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並摧毀這個國家，
05:51
and you know that none of that's true.
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而你很清楚這些都不是真的。
05:54
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
05:59
You know that they want to hear your say
that you're OK with insults,
that you're OK with insults,
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你知道他們想要聽你說，
你覺得侮辱沒關係，
你覺得侮辱沒關係，
06:06
OK with "lock her up" chants
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覺得吟誦「把她關起來」沒關係，
06:10
and OK with policy pronouncements
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覺得帶著 140 字所能表述出之
06:13
with all the sincerity and thoughtfulness
that 140 characters can muster.
that 140 characters can muster.
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所有誠意和慎重的政策宣言沒關係。
06:18
You are a conservative member of Congress.
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你是國會的保守議員。
06:22
You realize that many in your party
look to some good old days
look to some good old days
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你發現，在你的黨派中
許多人都指望過去的好日子，
許多人都指望過去的好日子，
06:28
that you know never existed.
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但你知道那些日子從來就不存在。
06:31
They hold on, for example,
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他們緊緊抓住，比如，
06:33
to the fossils that fueled
the last century of growth,
the last century of growth,
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對上個世紀的成長
功不可沒的化石燃料，
功不可沒的化石燃料，
06:37
but you know that better, cleaner
more abundant fuels await us,
more abundant fuels await us,
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但你知道還有更好、更乾淨、
更充足的燃料在等著我們，
更充足的燃料在等著我們，
06:42
and you know that that abundance
can lead the world to more energy,
can lead the world to more energy,
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且你知道那充足的程度
能讓世界有更多的能源、
能讓世界有更多的能源、
06:48
more mobility
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更高的行動力，
06:49
and more freedom.
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以及更多的自由。
06:51
You're a conservative member of Congress.
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你是國會的保守議員。
06:55
You realize that many in your party
pine for the '50s and the '60s
pine for the '50s and the '60s
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你發現，在你的黨派中許多人
都渴望五○和六○年代，
都渴望五○和六○年代，
07:00
because those were, after all,
the good old days.
the good old days.
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畢竟，那些是過去的好日子。
07:04
But you know that the Cuyahoga River
was on fire back then.
was on fire back then.
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但你知道凱霍加河那時
因為石油排放物而在著火。
因為石油排放物而在著火。
07:09
You know that in Pittsburgh,
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你知道，在匹茲堡，
07:11
street lights came on at noon
because of the soot in the air.
because of the soot in the air.
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因為空氣中的煤煙，
街燈中午就會亮起。
街燈中午就會亮起。
07:16
The schools were segregated,
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學校被隔離，
07:17
neighborhoods redlined,
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街坊受到差別待遇，
07:19
that communism threatened freedom,
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共產主義威脅自由，
07:21
and if you got cancer,
you weren't likely to fight for long.
you weren't likely to fight for long.
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若你得了癌症，你不太可能撐很久。
07:25
You're a conservative member of Congress
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你是國會的保守議員，
07:28
and you want to sound like JFK at Rice,
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你希望自己聽起來像是
萊斯大學的甘迺迪，
萊斯大學的甘迺迪，
07:33
where JFK said, "It's understandable
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在萊斯，甘迺迪說：
「可以理解為什麼有些人
會想讓我們在原處
會想讓我們在原處
07:38
why some would have us stay where we are
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07:40
a little bit longer,
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停留更久一點，
07:42
to wait and to rest."
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等待並且休息。」
07:45
But everything within you says with him,
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但你全身上下都想要和他一起說：
07:48
this city of Houston,
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休士頓這個城市，
07:50
this state of Texas,
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德州這個州，
07:52
this country of the United States
was not built by those who waited
was not built by those who waited
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美國這個國家，並不是由
那些等待、休息，
那些等待、休息，
07:57
and rested and wished to look behind them.
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並想要向後看的人所建立起來的。
08:00
You are ready to lead.
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你準備好要領導了。
08:03
You are ready to prove
the power of free enterprise
the power of free enterprise
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你準備好要證明自由企業有能力解決
08:07
to solve challenges like climate change.
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像是氣候變遷這類的挑戰了。
08:10
You are ready to lead.
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你準備好要領導了。
08:13
So I've got a suggestion for you then:
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那麼，我可以給你一個建議：
08:17
lead ...
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去領導吧…
08:18
now.
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現在就做。
08:19
Step out,
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站出來，
08:21
step up.
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站起來。
08:23
You know, we ask America's best
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你知道，我們要求美國的菁英
08:28
to die on literal hills
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在真正的山丘上捐軀，
08:31
in places like Iraq and Afghanistan.
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在伊拉克和阿富汗這樣的地方。
08:34
Is it too much to ask you
to die a figurative death
to die a figurative death
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要求你在華盛頓特區的政治山丘上
做象徵性的捐軀，是否太過份？
08:40
on a political hill in Washington, DC?
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08:44
You know, at the end
of your time in Washington,
of your time in Washington,
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你知道，當你在華盛頓的任期結束，
08:47
they're going to take
this plaque off the door.
this plaque off the door.
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他們會把這塊匾牌從門上取下。
08:50
They're going to hand it to you;
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他們會把它交給你；
08:52
you're going to go home with it.
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你會帶著它回家。
08:54
Can you imagine the emptiness
of knowing that you stood for nothing,
of knowing that you stood for nothing,
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你們能否想像這樣有多空虛：
知道你沒有為什麼而戰，
知道你沒有為什麼而戰，
09:00
that you risk nothing,
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你沒有冒什麼險，
09:03
that all you did was follow fearful people
to where they were already going
to where they were already going
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你所做的只有跟隨著讓你懼怕的人，
到他們已經去過的地方，
到他們已經去過的地方，
09:07
rather than trying to lead
them to a better place?
them to a better place?
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而不是嘗試領導他們到更好的地方？
09:11
If you're not willing
to lose your seat in Congress,
to lose your seat in Congress,
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如果你不願失去你在國會的一席，
09:15
there's really very little
reason to be there.
reason to be there.
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那也幾乎沒有理由要待在那裡了。
09:18
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
09:28
So here's the thing:
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所以，重點是：
09:30
it's not too late.
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還沒有太遲。
09:33
There's still time to lead.
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還有時間可以領導。
09:36
Speak out,
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說出來，
09:38
speak up,
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大聲說，
09:39
call lunacy what it is:
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對於瘋狂，何不直稱它：
09:42
lunacy.
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瘋狂。
09:44
Tell the American people
that we still have moon shots in us.
that we still have moon shots in us.
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告訴美國人，
我們心中還有登月計畫。
我們心中還有登月計畫。
09:50
Tell the folks at the county
party convention,
party convention,
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告訴全州黨代表大會的人：
09:52
"You bet free enterprise
can solve climate change."
can solve climate change."
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「自由企業能解決
氣候變遷，無庸置疑。」
氣候變遷，無庸置疑。」
09:55
Tell them that Milton Friedman
would say to tax pollution
would say to tax pollution
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告訴他們，米爾頓傅利曼會說，
針對污染來課稅，
針對污染來課稅，
10:01
rather than profits.
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而不是針對利潤。
10:03
Tell them that it's OK --
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告訴他們這樣沒關係－
10:06
no, it's a good thing
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不，這是件好事，
10:09
that progressives would agree.
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進步份子會認同。
10:11
Tell them the very good news
that we can bring America together
that we can bring America together
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告訴他們，非常好的消息是，
我們能讓美國人團結，
我們能讓美國人團結，
10:17
to solve these challenges
and to lead the world.
and to lead the world.
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來解決這些挑戰並領導這個世界。
10:22
Tell them that free enterprise
can do these things.
can do these things.
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告訴他們，自由企業能做到這些。
10:26
Tell them that America
must stop the dividing,
must stop the dividing,
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告訴他們，美國必須停止分裂，
10:31
and must start the uniting.
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必須開始團結。
10:34
Tell them.
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告訴他們。
10:36
Play your part before it's too late.
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在一切太遲之前，好好扮演你的角色。
10:40
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
10:42
Thank you very much.
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非常謝謝你們。
10:43
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Bob Inglis - Politician, energy optimistFormer United States Congressman Bob Inglis promotes free enterprise action on climate change.
Why you should listen
Bob Inglis launched the Energy and Enterprise Initiative (E&EI) at George Mason University in July 2012 and serves as executive director. For his work on climate change, Inglis was given the 2015 John F. Kennedy Profile in Courage Award. He appears in the film Merchants of Doubt and in the Showtime series "Years of Living Dangerously."
Inglis was a Resident Fellow at Harvard University's Institute of Politics in 2011, a Visiting Energy Fellow at Duke University’s Nicholas School of the Environment in 2012 and a Resident Fellow at the University of Chicago’s Institute of Politics in 2014.
Inglis was elected to the United States Congress in 1992, having never run for office before. He represented Greenville-Spartanburg, South Carolina, from 1993-1998. In 2004, he was re-elected to Congress and served until losing re-election in the South Carolina Republican primary of 2010.
Inglis grew up in the Lowcountry of South Carolina, went to Duke University for college, met and married his college sweetheart, graduated from the University of Virginia School of Law and practiced commercial real estate law in Greenville, South Carolina, before and between his years in Congress. Bob and Mary Anne Inglis have five adult children and live on a small farm in northern Greenville County, South Carolina.
Bob Inglis | Speaker | TED.com