Marian Wright Edelman: Reflections from a lifetime fighting to end child poverty
Marian Wright Edelman: Reflexiones de una vida luchando para acabar con la pobreza infantil
Marian Wright Edelman fights for a level playing field for all children, so their chances to succeed don't have to depend on the lottery of birth. Full bioPat Mitchell - Curator, connector, convener and advocate for women's leadership
Pat Mitchell is a lifelong advocate for women and girls, known for her work as a journalist, producer, television executive and curator. Full bio
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eso de "leyenda".
that "legend" business.
Porque lo es, en cierto modo.
as founder and president.
nos criaron para servir,
and my mother raised us to serve,
external things or labels,
person in the world
más afortunada del mundo
of great needs and great injustices
entre grandes necesidades e injusticias
de poder servir y marcar la diferencia.
y, como todos los niños,
was molded by your parents.
fue moldeada por sus padres.
about movement-building?
sobre la creación de movimientos?
unos padres extraordinarios.
I was so lucky.
organizer I ever knew.
administradora que he conocido,
even back then, on having her own dime.
en tener su propio dinero;
so that she could have her penny,
sus propios ahorros
has certainly been passed on to me.
sin duda, me llegó a mí.
y estaban muy compenetrados;
and they were real partners.
and there are three boys in between.
y hay tres chicos entre medias.
igual de lista que mis hermanos,
as smart as my brothers.
high aspirations that they had.
aspiraciones que ellos.
we were terribly blessed,
tremendamente afortunados,
muy segregado de Carolina del Sur.
small town in South Carolina --
I was four years old,
que no iba a aceptar que me encasillaran,
being put into slots.
had the sense that it was not us,
que no éramos nosotros,
de crecer para cambiarlo,
to grow up to change it,
they were the best role models,
los mejores modelos a seguir.
no pregunten por qué nadie actúa,
in our hometown.
una residencia para mayores
50 años después, llamamos Alzheimer,
now, 50 years later, as Alzheimer's,
he needed a place to go,
que necesitaba un sitio donde ir
que cocinar, limpiar y servir,
that it was our obligation
que no podían cuidar de sí mismos.
who couldn't take care of themselves.
and she took them in before we left home.
como después de que nosotros nos fuéramos.
you try to fulfill it.
una necesidad, intenta solventarla.
a full employment economy.
una economía de pleno empleo.
or a real purpose in life.
o un propósito en la vida.
Defense Fund works on today
el "Children's Defense Fund"
in a very personal way.
de una forma muy personal.
who lived three doors down from me,
con su abuela, pisó un clavo;
he lived with his grandmother,
no le vacunaron y murió.
no tetanus shots, he died.
two white truck drivers
that happened to be black.
que casualmente eran negros,
pues ocurrió frente a la iglesia.
and the ambulance came,
camioneros blancos no estaban heridos
truck drivers were not injured,
una de las primeras cosas
was one of the first things
con el "Children's Defense Fund"
immunized against preventable diseases.
vacunas frente a enfermedades evitables.
mi padre era un gran lector.
durante 15 o 20 minutos.
read every night with him.
dentro de una revista "Life"
inside a "Life Magazine"
que un segundo par de zapatos,
before we had a second pair of shoes,
teníamos libros usados
books for the black schools
was the window to the outside world,
era una ventana al mundo exterior
de parte de mis padres.
runs a full employment economy,
Dios dirige una economía de pleno empleo
nunca le faltará un propósito en la vida,
que tenía cuatro o cinco años.
I was four or five.
para blancos y negros,
and "black" water signs,
y no le hice mucho caso.
and didn't pay much attention to that,
de la escuela dominical,
of my Sunday school teachers.
y ella me apartó de un tirón.
and I didn't know what had happened,
para negros y agua para blancos.
about black and white water.
con mi pequeña alma herida,
wounded psyche to my parents,
y dije: "¿Cuál es mi problema?".
and said, "What's wrong with me?"
más bien lo tiene el sistema".
"It wasn't much wrong with you.
los carteles de las fuentes por donde iba.
and switch water signs
esta leyenda es un poco rebelde
that this legend is a bit of a rebel,
and with the Civil Rights Movement,
por los Derechos Civiles,
on the original Poor People's Campaign.
primera Campaña por los Pobres,
this decision, 45 years ago,
nacional en defensa de los niños.
campaign for children.
particular service, to children?
concreto de la infancia?
that I saw in Mississippi
que vi en Misisipi y por todo el sur
bellies in this country
al borde de la desnutrición,
niños hambrientos en este país;
who were starving,
y nadie deseaba escuchar.
que venía a Misisipi que fuera a verlo,
that would come to Mississippi,
didn't want to do anything about it.
durante el registro de votantes
during voter registration efforts --
para ayudar a los negros a registrarse,
to help black citizens register to vote --
so they were trying to starve them out.
e intentaban matarlos de hambre.
a bonos de comida de 2 dólares.
from free food commodities
in America wanted to believe
hubiera alguien sin un salario;
in America without any income.
thousands of them.
convirtiendo en un gran problema.
was becoming a big problem.
came Dr. King down
se unió a nuestra lucha
to get the Head Start program --
rechazado por el estado de Misisipi,
of Mississippi turned down --
llevaba sin ninguna ayuda,
was running without any help,
for eight or 10 children,
una manzana entre 8 o 10 niños,
because he was in tears.
decided he would come --
se decidió a venir...
sobre el programa "Head Start",
about the Head Start program,
venga y véalo Ud. mismo,
come and see yourself,
gente hambrienta y niños malnutridos".
and see starving children.
y eso puso en marcha el movimiento,
se fuera para el norte,
all the poor people to go north
he'll win one of these days.
ganará uno de estos días.
such grinding poverty,
who'd come in to help register voters
para ayudar a los votantes a registrarse
where we lost those three young men.
de 1964, donde perdimos a tres jóvenes,
la prensa también lo hizo;
e intentaban deshacerse de los pobres.
to push the poor out.
y nosotros lo solicitamos,
because the state turned it down.
that don't take Medicaid these days.
que hoy en día no tienen Medicaid.
Head Start program in the nation,
más grande del país, y cambió sus vidas;
de niños que se parecían a ellos.
who looked like them in it,
dio origen al "Children's Defense Fund",
gave birth to the Children's Defense Fund
que la inversión en medidas preventivas --
el fracaso y la negligencia --
de actuar en defensa del menor.
nació de la Campaña por los Pobres,
the Poor People's Campaign.
movimiento independentista "de color"
that whatever you called
a shrinking constituency.
or at a two-year-old toddler?
de dos meses, o un niño de dos años?
neither, from what we've seen.
no quieren ni darles de comer.
como coordinadora de políticas
coordinator for policy
y no fue un fracaso,
las semillas del cambio;
el trabajo sucio y el seguimiento,
who are scut workers and follow up.
and a persistent person.
el trabajo sucio y soy persistente,
hoy tienen bonos de comida
on food stamps today
en el campamento de "Resurrection City".
in the mud in Resurrection City.
detailed work -- and never going away.
trabajo a conciencia y estar siempre ahí.
y ha visto resultados increíbles.
out of the Children's Defense Fund?
dentro del "Children's Defense Fund"?
have sort of become a mainstream issue.
son una cuestión importante
y tienen un buen comienzo,
are getting a head start.
are getting Head Start
gracias al programa "Head Start",
Insurance Program, CHIP,
de Seguro Médico Infantil
el sistema de bienestar infantil
the child welfare system for decades.
por fin un gran avance,
breakthrough this year,
para cuando llegue el momento del cambio;
when somebody's ready to move,
10 years, 20 years, but you're there.
o veinte años, pero seguimos ahí.
out of foster care and out of institutions
fuera del cuidado tutelar e instituciones,
with preventive services.
y con servicios preventivos.
que tienen esperanza
of children who have hope,
en la primera infancia.
y no vamos a sentir que hemos terminado
in the richest nation on earth.
en el país más rico del mundo.
that we have to be demanding that.
in spite of the successes,
a pesar de los logros,
some of them, Marian --
algunos de esos logros:
el programa del "Children's Defense Fund".
Children's Defense Fund programs.
tanto a este país como a otros países,
and in other countries,
we adults in power have been
que hemos sido los adultos con poder
the "Bulletin of Atomic Scientists"
el "Boletín de Científicos Atómicos"
two minutes from midnight,
"a dos minutos de la medianoche".
and safety at risk
de nuestros hijos, en riesgo
too much governed by violence.
muy dominado por la violencia.
investing in the young and in peace,
e invertir en los jóvenes y la paz
from doing that.
these battles all over again,
así que cada vez soy más radical.
más radical me vuelvo,
that we as adults have to do
por las generaciones futuras.
the sacrifices of Mrs. Hamer
y de toda esa gente en Misisipi
para mejorar las nuestras.
to give us a better life.
has got to come to grips
a la hora de invertir en los niños;
in its children,
of this nation.
economies in the world
de las mayores economías del mundo
go live in poverty,
vivan en la pobreza,
para proveer por ello?
who we are as a people,
quiénes somos como personas
to end poverty in the world.
con la pobreza en el mundo,
pero es un trabajo muy duro,
los impuestos a multimillonarios,
rather than to babies
y su atención médica.
nuestras prioridades.
and it's not cost-effective.
to be an educated child population,
va a ser educar a la población infantil,
ni escribir a un nivel básico.
at the most basic levels.
en las causas equivocadas,
about anybody having one billion,
tuviera mil, o 10 mil millones de dólares,
what does it mean to live
y a lo que significa vivir.
to make things better
para las generaciones futuras.
y el calentamiento global,
about climate change
el "Boletín de Científicos Atómicos"
I constantly cite --
of Atomic Scientists" every year.
"a dos minutos de la medianoche".
"Two minutes to midnight."
un mundo mejor a nuestros hijos?
to our children?
to leave a better world for everybody,
dejar un mundo mejor para todos,
haya suficiente para todos.
no hungry children in this world
niños hambrientos en el mundo
y ha sido un privilegio servir,
role models in the world.
los mejores modelos a seguir.
runs a full employment economy,
dirige una economía de pleno empleo,
siempre tendrás un propósito en la vida.
con mi madre, que era su aliada,
because my mother was a true partner.
as smart as my brothers, at least.
tan lista como mis hermanos,
just to be about ourselves,
se trataba de nosotros,
on behalf of all the world's children,
de todos los niños del mundo,
por tu tenacidad y por tu defensa.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Marian Wright Edelman - Child advocateMarian Wright Edelman fights for a level playing field for all children, so their chances to succeed don't have to depend on the lottery of birth.
Why you should listen
Marian Wright Edelman, founder and president emerita of the Children's Defense Fund (CDF), has been an advocate for disadvantaged Americans for her entire professional life. Under her leadership, CDF has become the nation's strongest voice for children and families. The CDF's "Leave No Child Behind" mission is "to ensure every child a Healthy Start, a Head Start, a Fair Start, a Safe Start, and a Moral Start in life and successful passage to adulthood with the help of caring families and communities."
Edelman, a graduate of Spelman College and Yale Law School, began her career in the mid-'60s when, as the first black woman admitted to the Mississippi Bar, she directed the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund office in Jackson, Mississippi. In 1968, she moved to Washington, DC as counsel for the Poor People's Campaign that Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. began organizing before his death. She founded the Washington Research Project, a public interest law firm and the parent body of the CDF. For two years she served as the director of the Center for Law and Education at Harvard University and in 1973 began CDF. Edelman served on the Board of Trustees of Spelman College, which she chaired from 1976 to 1987, and was the first woman elected by alumni as a member of the Yale University Corporation, on which she served from 1971 to 1977. She has received more than 100 honorary degrees and many awards, including the Albert Schweitzer Humanitarian Prize, the Heinz Award, a MacArthur Foundation Prize Fellowship, the Presidential Medal of Freedom -- the nation's highest civilian award -- and the Robert F. Kennedy Lifetime Achievement Award for her writings.
Marian Wright Edelman | Speaker | TED.com
Pat Mitchell - Curator, connector, convener and advocate for women's leadership
Pat Mitchell is a lifelong advocate for women and girls, known for her work as a journalist, producer, television executive and curator.
Why you should listen
Pat Mitchell began her media career in print (at LOOK) and transitioned to television as opportunities opened up for women in the early 1970s. She was among the first women to anchor the news (WBZ-TV Boston) and host a morning talk show (Woman 74). She was the first woman to own, produce and host a national talk show, the Emmy-winning Woman to Woman, which also became the first television series to be placed in the archives of the Harvard-Radcliffe Schlesinger Library on the History of Women.
As the head of Ted Turner's documentary division, the programs she commissioned garnered 37 Emmys, five Peabodys and two Academy Award nominations. In 2000, she became the first woman President and CEO of the Public Broadcasting System. She led PBS through the transition to digital broadcasting, sustained government funding and added many new original series to the national schedule. As head of the Paley Center for Media in New York and Los Angeles, she guided an institution that leads discussion about the cultural, creative and social significance of media. Now as an independent consultant and curator, Mitchell advises foundations and corporations on issues of women’s empowerment and leadership development as well as media relations and governance. Mitchell is a trustee of the Skoll Foundation and Participant Media; chair of the Sundance Institute Board and Women's Media Center and a board member of the Acumen Fund.
In 2010, Mitchell launched and co-hosted the first TEDWomen and for the succeeding seven years, in partnership with the TED organization, Mitchell has curated and hosted TEDxWomen and TEDWomen conferences.
Pat Mitchell | Speaker | TED.com