Simone Bianco and Tom Zimmerman: The wonderful world of life in a drop of water
シモーニ・ビアンコとトム・ツィマーマン: ひとしずくの水の中の生命が織りなす魅惑の世界
A theoretical physicist by training, IBM's Simone Bianco believes that the 21st century will be the century when the synergy between AI and biology will be fully realized. Full bioTom Zimmerman - Master inventor
Tom Zimmerman is a master inventor at IBM Research – Almaden exploring the frontiers of human-machine interaction and environmental sensing. Full bio
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on a fantastic journey
空想の旅にお連れしたいと思います
と呼ぶ生物を訪れる旅です
because a half a billion years ago
大気中の酸素量が3倍に増加し
of oxygen in the air,
but you probably know them as plankton.
「プランクトン」の名でご存知のはず
and I'm an inventor.
私は 発明家です
about an invention I made --
トークを行いました
could solve a big problem he was having.
私の顕微鏡で 解決できると気づきました
of plankton in 3D fast enough
動きを十分な速さで三次元で測定して
their sensing and behavior.
数学的モデルにするか?というもの
for my microscope, so ...
私は顕微鏡の使い道が必要だったので
studying these amazing creatures.
この驚くべき生物について学びました
to discover something.
危機感を抱きました
やりたいことがあります
your breath for a second.
two-thirds of our oxygen using the sun.
私たちの吸う酸素の3分の2を作り出します
because they're still here.
プランクトンはまだいますから
大勢がご存知の通り 1950年以降
surface temperature of the earth
we are pumping into the air.
may not seem like a big deal to us,
大したことではなさそうですが
that the global phytoplankton population
地球上の植物プランクトンの数が
as 40 percent between 1950 and 2010
40%も減少し
the fish that eat them.
魚介類が飢死するからです
around the world
of protein from animals.
魚介類に依存しています
about breathing.
問題ではありませんね
魚介類もいなくなります
we will need to replace.
that is interesting.
of the carbon we burn today.
clean that carbon out of the air.
その炭素を大気から浄化しているからです
hold a grudge.
根に持ったりしません
炭素のおびただしい量に
of carbon we are dumping into the air.
that our big carbon footprint
that sustain us.
壊滅する事態だということです
that allow us to breathe
生物の約半分を殺すなんて
プランクトンはとても小さく
about something you cannot see.
in "The Little Prince" that goes,
私が大好きなセリフを引用します
is invisible to the eye."
目に見えないんだよ」
that if more people could come
もしもっと多くの人々が
直面できるなら
we could all rally together
この生物を救おうとする機会が
to life on our planet.
とても大事な生物なのだから
scuba diving with plankton.
スクーバダイビングの旅にお連れしましょう
by a factor of 1000,
1000分の1に縮小せねばなりません
of a human hair is as big as my hand.
私の腕の太さに相当する世界です
a machine to do just that.
実現できる装置を発明しました
"Fantastic Voyage"
『ミクロの決死圏』や
favorite actors.
私の長年のお気に入り俳優です
I saw "Fantastic Voyage,"
『ミクロの決死圏』を観て
through the bloodstream
細胞レベルで観察できる世界に
by science fiction.
and turn fantasy into reality.
空想を現実に変えようとします
people like you explore the virtual world.
探求を手助けできるようになりました
that got Simone's attention.
顕微鏡を元に作りました
behind the lens.
ついているような代物です
of plankton water
プランクトンの水が入っています
change the water on.
やりませんからね
of the plankton on the image sensor.
プランクトンの影を作ります
is an XY plotter,
XYプロッターで
to follow the plankton as they swim.
泳いでいるプランクトンを追うためのものです
傾斜センサーをつけると
the microscope with my head.
コントロールできるようになります
from this image sensor.
映像を見てみましょう
I can move the microscope.
顕微鏡を動かすことができます
to go scuba diving with plankton.
スクーバダイビングの準備が整いました
of life in a drop of water.
素晴らしい世界へようこそ
at all limited to a single drop.
一滴の水だけに限りません
in the center of your screen,
ご覧の小さな生き物は
of our waters.
ゴミを回収してくれます
by the environment.
nature is an amazing recycler.
素晴らしいリサイクル機能があります
they are decomposed and recycled,
分解されて リサイクルされますが
by solar energy.
if, you know, our garbage collectors
私たちのところに来なくなったら
Let's look for something else.
他の何かを探して見ましょう
ice-cream-cone-shaped things?
形をしたものが見えますよね
those are amazing creatures.
驚くべき生き物です
but they are a single cell.
思い出してください
it's about 1,000 cells --
約1,000個の細胞でできています
15 for the stomach
消化器細胞が15で
for reproduction,
if you ask me.
and react to its environment.
反応することができます
when it's happy;
前向きに泳ぎますし
to get away from something
ものから逃げようとする時は
for Cellular Construction
仲間たちと一緒に
Science Foundation,
協力を得て
of contamination in food and water,
食品や水の汚染の有無を検知しています
that are, let's say, behind everything,
背景にあるやつです
the majority of oxygen in the air.
大気中に供給する生物で
and carbon dioxide
your lungs right now.
酸素に変えてくれます
got their photosynthesis capability
光合成を行う能力を身につけました
tiny plankton into their cells.
自分の細胞内に取り込むことで実現しました
solar panels on top of our roofs.
ソーラーパネルを設置するのに似ています
is even more amazing than science fiction.
SFよりもさらにすごいんです
how vital plankton are to our lives
私たちの生命にとって極めて重要で
私たちは死にます
take your pick.
どちらかです
you win or you die.
勝つか 死ぬかです
we have known about global warming
地球温暖化については
scientist, Arrhenius,
アレニウスが
of burning fossil fuel
地球の温度に対する
but it's not too late if we act now.
今行動を起こせば 遅すぎることはありません
our world is based on fossil fuels,
化石燃料を基に築かれています
to run on renewable energy from the Sun
再生可能な太陽光エネルギーで
and secure future.
未来を築くことができます
here, the plankton,
プランクトンにも
その理由を言います
of people all around the globe
食べ物と住処が得られます
they're swimming around,
to eat and reproduce.
プログラミングされているとすれば
have the same agenda.
makes a country vulnerable.
国家を弱体化します
all around the oil resources.
あらゆる紛争が生じます
is distributed around the whole globe,
地上のどこでも手に入り
地球規模のタバコです
coal is like an unfiltered type.
石炭はフィルターなしのタバコです
the best time to quit is when?
止めどきはいつですか?
some people may abandon facts and reason.
放棄する人がいるかもしれません
and inevitably force change.
変わらざるを得なくなります
our neocortex, our new brain,
新しい脳である大脳新皮質を使って
creatures on the earth.
救おうではありませんか
to harness the energy
エネルギーの活用のために
for millions of years --
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Simone Bianco - Cell engineerA theoretical physicist by training, IBM's Simone Bianco believes that the 21st century will be the century when the synergy between AI and biology will be fully realized.
Why you should listen
Simone Bianco, PhD, is research staff member and IBM rock star at IBM Research – Almaden, where he leads the Cellular Engineering group. He's passionate about making biology a quantitative science by using tools from mathematics, physics, engineering and computer science. He believes this interdisciplinary approach will not only impact biological and medical fields but also will advance biologically inspired engineering and computer science. His research spans many scientific fields, from genomic and evolutionary biology to bioengineering, epidemiology, statistical physics and computer science.
Bianco studied physics at the University of Pisa, Italy, the school of Galileo Galilei and Enrico Fermi, and he got his PhD from the University of North Texas. He held research appointments at the College of William and Mary and at the University of California San Francisco. Bianco is a founding principal investigator of the Center for Cellular Construction, an NSF funded multi-institution initiative which aims to build self-organized devices from living organisms.
Simone Bianco | Speaker | TED.com
Tom Zimmerman - Master inventor
Tom Zimmerman is a master inventor at IBM Research – Almaden exploring the frontiers of human-machine interaction and environmental sensing.
Why you should listen
Tom Zimmerman has more than 60 patents on user input devices, wireless communication, image and audio signal processing, biometrics, encryption and microscopy. His Data Glove and PowerGlove inventions helped establish the field of virtual reality. His electric field Personal Area Network invention sends data through the human body, and it can prevent airbags from injuring children in cars. Zimmerman's environmental work includes research on the yaw stability of wind turbines and solar thermal storage at MIT, and building wireless sensors to monitor sea turtles in the US and Costa Rica.
Zimmerman is currently developing AI-powered microscopes to monitor plankton in their natural environment and studying the response of plankton to toxins in his work with the Center For Cellular Construction. He supports the DIY community through articles in Make Magazine and his passion for volunteering in the public schools earned him the California Medal for Service from Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and First Lady Maria Shriver.
Tom Zimmerman | Speaker | TED.com