TED2011
JR: My wish: Use art to turn the world inside out
JR a jeho TED Prize prianie: Využite umenie k zmene sveta
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JR, poloanonymný francúzsky street artista, používa fotoaparát k tomu, aby svetu ukázal jeho pravú tvár tak, že vylepuje obrovské plátna s fotografiami ľudských tvárí. Na TED2011 vyslovil svoje trúfalé TED Prize prianie: Využite umenie k zmene sveta. Viac o jeho práci a o tom, ako sa môžete do projektu zapojiť, sa dozviete na stránkach insideoutproject.net.
JR - Street artist
With a camera, a dedicated wheatpasting crew and the help of whole villages and favelas, 2011 TED Prize winner JR shows the world its true face. Full bio
With a camera, a dedicated wheatpasting crew and the help of whole villages and favelas, 2011 TED Prize winner JR shows the world its true face. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
Two weeks ago I was in my studio in Paris,
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Pred dvoma týždňami som bol vo svojom byte v Paríži,
00:18
and the phone rang and I heard,
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keď mi zazvonil telefón a ja počujem,
00:20
"Hey, JR,
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"Hej, JR,
00:22
you won the TED Prize 2011.
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vyhral si TED Prize 2011.
00:24
You have to make a wish to save the world."
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Musíš si priať niečo, čo pomôže zachrániť svet."
00:27
I was lost.
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Bol som stratený.
00:29
I mean, I can't save the world. Nobody can.
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Nemohol som zachrániť svet; nikto nemôže.
00:32
The world is fucked up.
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Svet je v prdeli.
00:34
Come on, you have dictators ruling the world,
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Veď tu máte diktátorov ovládajúcich svet,
00:36
population is growing by millions,
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populácia narastá o milióny,
00:38
there's no more fish in the sea,
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v mori už nie sú žiadne ryby,
00:40
the North Pole is melting
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severný pól sa roztápa,
00:42
and as the last TED Prize winner said,
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a ako povedal posledný výherca TED Prize,
00:44
we're all becoming fat.
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všetci tučnieme.
00:46
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
00:48
Except maybe French people.
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Možno s výnimkou Francúzov.
00:50
Whatever.
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Ale to je jedno.
00:52
So I called back
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Takže som jej zavolal späť
00:54
and I told her,
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a povedal,
00:56
"Look, Amy,
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"Pozri, Amy,
00:58
tell the TED guys I just won't show up.
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povedz ľuďom z TEDu, že tam proste neprídem.
01:00
I can't do anything to save the world."
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Ja pre záchranu sveta nič urobiť nemôžem."
01:02
She said, "Hey, JR,
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Ona na to, "Hej, JR,
01:04
your wish is not to save the world, but to change the world."
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tvoje prianie nemá zachrániť svet, má ho zmeniť."
01:07
"Oh, all right."
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"Oh, dobre."
01:09
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
01:11
"That's cool."
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"To je super."
01:13
I mean, technology, politics, business
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Chcem tým povedať, že technológia, politika, biznis
01:16
do change the world --
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svet menia --
01:18
not always in a good way, but they do.
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nie vždy dobrým smerom, ale menia.
01:20
What about art?
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A čo umenie?
01:22
Could art change the world?
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Mohlo by umenie zmeniť svet?
01:26
I started when I was 15 years old.
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Začal som, keď som mal 15.
01:28
And at that time, I was not thinking about changing the world.
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A v tom čase som nemyslel na zmenu sveta;
01:31
I was doing graffiti --
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Robil som graffiti --
01:33
writing my name everywhere,
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všade som písal svoje meno,
01:35
using the city as a canvas.
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používal som mesto ako plátno.
01:39
I was going in the tunnels of Paris,
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Chodil som po parížskych tuneloch,
01:41
on the rooftops with my friends.
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s priateľmi po strechách.
01:44
Each trip was an excursion,
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Každý výjazd bol exkurziou,
01:46
was an adventure.
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dobrodružstvom.
01:48
It was like leaving our mark on society,
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Bolo to ako nechávať na spoločnosti našu stopu,
01:50
to say, "I was here," on the top of a building.
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ktorá hovorila, "Bol som tu," na streche budovy.
01:54
So when I found a cheap camera on the subway,
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Takže keď som raz v metre našiel lacný fotoaparát,
01:57
I started documenting those adventures with my friends
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začal som tieto dobrodružstvá s priateľmi dokumentovať
02:01
and gave them back as photocopies --
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a potom som z nich robil fotokópie --
02:04
really small photos just that size.
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naozaj maličké fotografie, asi takéto.
02:12
That's how, at 17 years old,
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Takže takto som ich v 17 rokoch
02:14
I started pasting them.
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začal vylepovať.
02:16
And I did my first "expo de rue,"
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A urobil som svoju prvú expo de rue,
02:18
which means sidewalk gallery.
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čo je chodníková galéria.
02:20
And I framed it with color
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A orámoval som ich farbou,
02:23
so you would not confuse it with advertising.
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aby si ich nebolo možné zmýliť s reklamou.
02:28
I mean, the city's the best gallery I could imagine.
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Mesto je najlepšou galériou, akú môžete chcieť.
02:31
I would never have to make a book and then present it to a gallery
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Nikdy som si nemusel urobiť knihu a prezentovať ju galérii
02:34
and let them decide
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a nechať ich rozhodnúť o tom,
02:36
if my work was nice enough to show it to people.
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či je moja práca dostatočne pekná, aby ju mohli ukázať ľuďom.
02:38
I would control it directly with the public
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Overil som si to priamo na verejnosti
02:41
in the streets.
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na uliciach.
02:44
So that's Paris.
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Takže to je Paríž.
02:46
I would change --
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Menil som --
02:48
depending on the places I would go --
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v závislosti na miestach kam som šiel --
02:50
the title of the exhibition.
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názov výstavy.
02:52
That's on the Champs-Elysees.
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To je na Champs-Elysees.
02:54
I was quite proud of that one.
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Na to som bol dosť hrdý.
02:56
Because I was just 18
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Pretože som mal len 18
02:58
and I was just up there on the top of the Champs-Elysees.
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a bol som priamo tam na Champs-Elysees.
03:00
Then when the photo left,
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Potom, keď fotka zmizla,
03:02
the frame was still there.
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rám tam zostal.
03:04
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
03:06
November 2005:
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November 2005:
03:08
the streets are burning.
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ulice sú v plameňoch.
03:10
A large wave of riots
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Obrovská vlna nepokojov
03:12
had broken into the first projects of Paris.
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prepukla do prvých projektov Paríža.
03:16
Everyone was glued to the TV,
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Všetci boli nalepení na televíziu,
03:18
watching disturbing, frightening images
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sledovali znepokojujúce, desivé zábery,
03:22
taken from the edge of the neighborhood.
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ktoré boli urobené na okraji štvrte.
03:26
I mean, these kids, without control,
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Tie decká, bez kontroly,
03:29
throwing Molotov cocktails,
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hádzali Molotovové kokteily,
03:31
attacking the cops and the firemen,
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napádali policajtov a požiarnikov,
03:33
looting everything they could in the shops.
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rabovali v obchodoch všetko, čo sa dalo.
03:35
These were criminals, thugs, dangerous,
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Takto nebezpeční kriminálnici a zlodeji
03:38
destroying their own environment.
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ničili svoje vlastné prostredie.
03:41
And then I saw it -- could it be possible? --
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A potom som to zbadal -- je to vôbec možné? --
03:44
my photo on a wall
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moja fotka na stene
03:47
revealed by a burning car --
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odhalená horiacim autom --
03:50
a pasting I'd done a year earlier --
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lepil som ju pred rokom --
03:52
an illegal one -- still there.
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ilegálne -- stále tam.
03:55
I mean, these were the faces of my friends.
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Chcem tým povedať, že to boli tváre mojich priateľov.
03:57
I know those guys.
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Poznám tých chalanov.
03:59
All of them are not angels,
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Nie sú to žiadni anjeli,
04:01
but they're not monsters either.
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ale ani žiadne monštrá.
04:05
So it was kind of weird to see
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Takže to bolo trochu divné, vidieť
04:07
those images and those eyes stare back at me through a television.
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tie zábery a tie oči, ktoré na mňa zízali z televízie.
04:11
So I went back there
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Takže som sa tam vrátil
04:13
with a 28 mm lens.
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s 28 mm objektívom.
04:16
It was the only one I had at that time.
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To bol jediný, ktorý som v tom čase mal.
04:18
But with that lens,
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No s takýmto objektívom
04:20
you have to be as close as 10 inches from the person.
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ste museli od človeka stáť tak 25 cm.
04:23
So you can do it only with their trust.
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Takže ste to mohli robiť, len ak vám dôverovali.
04:26
So I took full portraits of people from Le Bosquet.
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Takže som urobil štyri portréty ľudí z Le Bosquet.
04:30
They were making scary faces
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Tvárili sa strašidelne,
04:32
to play the caricature of themselves.
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aby si zahrali svoje vlastné karikatúry.
04:47
And then I pasted huge posters everywhere
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A potom som vylepil obrovské plagáty všade
04:50
in the bourgeois area of Paris
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v buržoáznych častiach Paríža
04:52
with the name, age, even building number
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s menom, vekom, dokonca číslom domu
04:55
of these guys.
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týchto chalanov.
05:04
A year later,
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O rok neskôr
05:06
the exhibition was displayed in front of the city hall of Paris.
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bola výstava vystavená pred parížskou radnicou.
05:09
And we go from thug images,
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A vychádzame z vytvorených záberov,
05:12
who've been stolen and distorted by the media,
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ktoré boli ukradnuté a prekrútené médiami,
05:15
who's now proudly taking over his own image.
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ktoré sa teraz hrdo ujímajú svojho vlastného imidžu.
05:18
That's where I realized
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Vtedy som si uvedomil
05:20
the power of paper and glue.
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silu papiera a lepidla.
05:30
So could art change the world?
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Takže dokáže umenie zmeniť svet?
05:33
A year later,
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O rok neskôr
05:35
I was listening to all the noise
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som počúval všetok ten rozruch
05:37
about the Middle East conflict.
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okolo konfliktu na Blízkom východe.
05:39
I mean, at that time, trust me,
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Verte mi, v tom čase
05:41
they were only referring to the Israeli and Palestinian conflict.
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sa odkazovali len na izraelsko-palestínsky konflikt.
05:43
So with my friend Marco,
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Takže s mojim kamarátom Marcom
05:45
we decided to go there
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sme sa tam rozhodli ísť
05:47
and see who are the real Palestinians and who are the real Israelis.
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a pozrieť sa na skutočných Palestínčanov a skutočných Izraelov.
05:50
Are they so different?
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Sú až tak odlišní?
05:52
When we got there, we just went in the street,
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Keď sme tam dorazili, šli sme rovno na ulicu,
05:55
started talking with people everywhere,
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začali sa všade s ľuďmi rozprávať,
05:58
and we realized that things were a bit different
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a uvedomili sme si, že veci sú trochu odlišné
06:00
from the rhetoric we heard in the media.
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od toho, čo sme počuli v médiách.
06:03
So we decided to take portraits
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Tak sme sa rozhodli, že urobíme portréty
06:05
of Palestinians and Israelis
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Palestínčanov a Izraelov
06:07
doing the same jobs --
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ako robia tie isté práce --
06:09
taxi-driver, lawyer, cooks.
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taxikár, právnik, kuchár.
06:13
Asked them to make a face as a sign of commitment.
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Poprosili sme ich nech sa na znak odhodlania nejak tvária.
06:16
Not a smile -- that really doesn't tell
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Nie úsmev -- ten o vás skutočne nepovie,
06:18
about who you are and what you feel.
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kto ste a čo cítite.
06:20
They all accepted
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Všetci súhlasili s tým,
06:22
to be pasted next to the other.
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že budú vylepení jeden vedľa druhého.
06:25
I decided to paste
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Rozhodol som sa vylepiť ich
06:27
in eight Israeli and Palestinian cities
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v ôsmich izraelských a palestínskych mestách
06:31
and on both sides of the wall.
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a na oboch stranách múru.
06:34
We launched the biggest illegal art exhibition ever.
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Spustili sme najväčšiu ilegálnu výstavu aká kedy bola.
06:37
We called the project Face 2 Face.
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Projekt sme nazvali Face 2 Face (Tvárou v tvár).
06:40
The experts said, "No way.
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Experti hovorili, "V žiadnom prípade.
06:43
The people will not accept.
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Ľudia to neprijmú.
06:46
The army will shoot you, and Hamas will kidnap you."
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Armáda vás zastrelí a Hamas vás unesie."
06:48
We said, "Okay, let's try and push as far as we can."
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My na to, "Dobre, poďme to skúsiť a dostať sa tak ďaleko, ako sa bude dať."
06:52
I love the way that people will ask me,
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Milujem ako sa ma ľudia pýtajú,
06:54
"How big will my photo be?"
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"Aká veľká bude moja fotografia?"
06:56
"It will be as big as your house."
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"Bude tak veľká ako váš dom."
06:59
When we did the wall, we did the Palestinian side.
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Keď sme vylepovali na múr, robili sme to na palestínskej strane.
07:02
So we arrived with just our ladders
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Takže sme tam prišli len s rebríkmi
07:04
and we realized that they were not high enough.
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a zistili sme, že nie sú dosť vysoké.
07:06
And so Palestinians guys say,
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A tak palestínsky chlapík hovorí,
07:08
"Calm down. No wait. I'm going to find you a solution."
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"Pokojne. Počkajte. Nájdem pre vás nejaké riešenie."
07:11
So he went to the Church of Nativity
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Odišiel do Kostola Zrodenia
07:14
and brought back an old ladder
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a priniesol starý rebrík,
07:16
that was so old that it could have seen Jesus being born.
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ktorý bol tak starý, že mohol byť pri tom, keď sa Ježiš narodil.
07:19
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
07:21
We did Face 2 Face with only six friends,
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Face 2 Face sme urobili len so šiestimi kamarátmi,
07:24
two ladders, two brushes,
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dvoma rebríkmi, dvoma štetcami,
07:27
a rented car, a camera
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prenajatým autom, fotoaparátom
07:29
and 20,000 square feet of paper.
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a 20 000 štvorcovými stopami papiera.
07:32
We had all sorts of help
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Všelijako nám pomáhali
07:34
from all walks of life.
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všelijaké profesie.
07:39
Okay, for example, that's Palestine.
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Dobre, napríklad, to je Palestína.
07:41
We're in Ramallah right now.
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Teraz sme v Ramallah.
07:43
We're pasting portraits --
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Lepíme portréty --
07:45
so both portraits in the streets in a crowded market.
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oba portréty na ulici na preľudnenom trhovisku.
07:47
People come around us and start asking,
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Ľudia okolo nás prechádzajú a začínajú sa pýtať,
07:50
"What are you doing here?"
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"Čo to tu robíte?"
07:52
"Oh, we're actually doing an art project
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"Oh, robíme taký umelecký projekt
07:54
and we are pasting an Israeli and a Palestinian doing the same job.
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a umiestňujeme tu Izraelov a Palestínčanov, ktorí robia tú istú prácu.
07:57
And those ones are actually two taxi-drivers."
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A títo dvaja sú v skutočnosti taxikári."
08:00
And then there was always a silence.
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A potom vždy nasledovalo ticho.
08:03
"You mean you're pasting an Israeli face --
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"Chcete tým povedať, že tu lepíte izraelské tváre --
08:06
doing a face -- right here?"
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ktoré tu robia grimasy?"
08:08
"Well, yeah, yeah, that's part of the project."
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"No, áno, áno, to je súčasť projektu."
08:11
And I would always leave that moment,
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A potom som vždy od toho odbočil
08:13
and we would ask them,
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a spýtal sa ich,
08:15
"So can you tell me who is who?"
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"Tak a vedeli by ste mi povedať kto je kto?"
08:18
And most of them couldn't say.
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A väčšina z nich nevedela.
08:20
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
08:26
We even pasted on Israeli military towers,
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Lepili sme dokonca aj na izraelské vojenské veže
08:29
and nothing happened.
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a nič sa nestalo.
08:31
When you paste an image, it's just paper and glue.
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Keď lepíte plagát, je to len papier a lepidlo.
08:34
People can tear it, tag on it, or even pee on it --
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Ľudia ho môžu roztrhať, popísať, alebo sa na neho vymočiť --
08:37
some are a bit high for that, I agree --
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niektoré z nich sú na to príliš vysoko, súhlasím --
08:39
but the people in the street,
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ale ľudia na ulici,
08:41
they are the curator.
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oni sú kurátori.
08:43
The rain and the wind will take them off anyway.
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Dážď a vietor ich aj tak zničia.
08:45
They are not meant to stay.
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Nemajú tam zostať navždy.
08:47
But exactly four years after,
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Ale presne po štyroch rokoch
08:50
the photos, most of them are still there.
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väčšina týchto fotografií tam stále je.
08:53
Face 2 Face demonstrated
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Face 2 Face ukázalo,
08:55
that what we thought impossible was possible --
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že to, čo sme pokladali za nemožné, bolo možné --
08:58
and, you know what, even easy.
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a viete čo, dokonca ľahké.
09:00
We didn't push the limit;
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Neposúvali sme hranice,
09:02
we just showed that they were further than anyone thought.
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len sme ukázali, že sme ďalej než by si niekto myslel.
09:07
In the Middle East, I experienced my work
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Na Blízkom východe som svoju prácu zažil
09:09
in places without [many] museums.
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na miestach, kde nie je veľa múzeí.
09:11
So the reactions in the street
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Takže takýto pouličný spôsob
09:14
were kind of interesting.
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bol dosť zaujímavý.
09:16
So I decided to go further in this direction
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Rozhodol som sa týmto smerom pokračovať
09:18
and go in places where there were zero museums.
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a ísť na miesta, kde nie sú žiadne múzeá.
09:24
When you go in these developing societies,
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Keď idete do týchto rozvojových spoločností,
09:27
women are the pillars of their community,
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ženy sú pilierom ich komunity,
09:30
but the men are still the ones holding the streets.
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ale muži sú stále tí, ktorí ovládajú ulice.
09:33
So we were inspired to create a project
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Takže sme boli inšpirovaní k vytvoreniu projektu,
09:36
where men will pay tribute to women
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kde by si muži uctili ženy
09:39
by posting their photos.
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tak že by vylepili ich fotografie.
09:42
I called that project Women Are Heroes.
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Tento projekt som nazval Ženy sú hrdinky.
09:46
When I listened to all the stories
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Keď som počúval všetky tie príbehy
09:48
everywhere I went on the continents,
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z miest z rôznych kontinentov, kde som bol,
09:50
I couldn't always understand
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nie vždy som dokázal pochopiť
09:52
the complicated circumstances of their conflict.
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zložité okolnosti ich konfliktu,
09:55
I just observed.
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len som pozoroval.
09:58
Sometimes there was no words,
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Niekedy tam neboli žiadne slová,
10:01
no sentence, just tears.
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žiadne vety, len slzy.
10:04
I just took their pictures
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Len som ich odfotil
10:07
and pasted them.
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a vylepil.
10:11
Women Are Heroes took me around the world.
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Projekt Ženy sú hrdinky ma vzal okolo sveta.
10:14
Most of the places I went to,
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Do väčšiny miest, kam som šiel,
10:16
I decided to go there
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som sa rozhodol ísť,
10:18
because I've heard about it through the media.
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pretože som o nich počul z médií.
10:20
So for example, in June 2008,
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Takže napríklad, v júni 2008,
10:22
I was watching TV in Paris,
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som v Paríži pozeral televíziu,
10:24
and then I heard about this terrible thing
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a dopočul som sa o tej strašnej veci,
10:26
that happened in Rio de Janeiro --
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ktorá sa stala v Rio de Janeiro,
10:28
the first favela of Brazil named Providencia.
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v jednom slame s názvom Providencia.
10:32
Three kids -- that was three students --
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Tri deti -- boli to traja študenti --
10:35
were [detained] by the army
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boli zadržiavané armádou,
10:37
because they were not carrying their papers.
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pretože si neniesli zošity.
10:39
And the army took them,
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A armáda ich vzala
10:41
and instead of bringing them to the police station,
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a miesto toho, aby ich priviedla na policajnú stanicu,
10:44
they brought them to an enemy favela
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doniesla ich do nepriateľského slamu,
10:47
where they get chopped into pieces.
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kde ich rozsekali na kúsky.
10:49
I was shocked.
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Bol som šokovaný.
10:51
All Brazil was shocked.
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Celá Brazília bola šokovaná.
10:53
I heard it was one of the most violent favelas,
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Počul som, že to bola jeden z najnásilnejších slamov,
10:56
because the largest drug cartel controls it.
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kvôli najväčšiemu drogovému kartelu, ktorý ho ovláda.
10:59
So I decided to go there.
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Tak som sa tam rozhodol ísť.
11:01
When I arrived --
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Keď som dorazil --
11:03
I mean, I didn't have any contact with any NGO.
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tak som nemal žiadnu zmluvu s nejakou NGO.
11:06
There was none in place -- no association, no NGOs, nothing --
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Na tom mieste žiadna nebola -- žiadna cestovná agentúra, žiadna NGO, nič --
11:09
no eyewitnesses.
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žiadni svedkovia.
11:11
So we just walked around,
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Tak sme sa tam len tak prechádzali
11:13
and we met a woman,
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a stretli sme jednu ženu,
11:15
and I showed her my book.
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ktorej som ukázal moju knihu.
11:17
And she said, "You know what?
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A ona na to, "Viete čo?
11:19
We're hungry for culture.
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Túžime po kultúre.
11:21
We need culture out there."
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Potrebujeme tu kultúru."
11:24
So I went out and I started with the kids.
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Takže som sa vybral vonku a začal som s deťmi.
11:27
I just took a few photos of the kids,
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Len som odfotil pár detí
11:29
and the next day I came with the posters and we pasted them.
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a na ďalší deň som mal plagáty, ktoré sme vylepili.
11:32
The day after, I came back and they were already scratched.
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Deň na to som sa vrátil a už boli roztrhané.
11:35
But that's okay.
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Ale to je v poriadku.
11:37
I wanted them to feel that this art belongs to them.
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Chcel som, aby pocítili, že toto umenie patrí im.
11:41
Then the next day, I held a meeting on the main square
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Potom som na ďalší deň usporiadal stretnutie na hlavnom námestí
11:44
and some women came.
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a prišli tam nejaké ženy.
11:46
They were all linked to the three kids that got killed.
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Všetky boli spojené s tými troma zabitými deťmi.
11:51
There was the mother, the grandmother, the best friend --
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Bola tam matka, babka, najlepšia kamarátka.
11:54
they all wanted to shout the story.
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Všetky chceli ten príbeh vykričať.
11:58
After that day,
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Po tomto dni
12:00
everyone in the favela gave me the green light.
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mi každý zo slamu dal zelenú.
12:03
I took more photos, and we started the project.
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Urobil som viac fotografií a odštartovali sme projekt.
12:06
The drug lords were kind of worried
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Drogoví králi mali trochu starosti
12:08
about us filming in the place,
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kvôli tomu, že sme tam filmovali,
12:10
so I told them, "You know what?
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takže som im povedal, "Viete čo?
12:12
I'm not interested in filming the violence and the weapons.
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Nezaujíma ma filmovanie násilia a zbraní.
12:14
You see that enough in the media.
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Toho vidíte dosť v médiách.
12:16
What I want to show is the incredible life and energy.
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Ja chcem ukázať ten úžasný život.
12:18
I've been seeing it around me the last few days."
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A vlastne posledných pár dní ho okolo seba vídam."
12:22
So that's a really symbolic pasting,
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Takže to bolo fakt symbolické vylepenie,
12:24
because that's the first one we did that you couldn't see from the city.
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pretože bolo prvé, z tých čo sme urobili, ktoré ste nemohli vidieť z mesta.
12:27
And that's where the three kids got arrested,
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A tam boli zadržané tie tri deti,
12:30
and that's the grandmother of one of them.
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a to je babka jedného z nich.
12:33
And on that stairs,
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A na tých schodoch
12:35
that's where the traffickers always stand
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vždy stoja drogoví priekupníci
12:37
and there's a lot of exchange of fire.
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a je tam veľa prestreliek.
12:39
Everyone there understood the project.
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Všetci tam projektu porozumeli.
12:43
And then we pasted everywhere -- the whole hill.
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A potom sme vylepovali všade -- po celom kopci.
12:46
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
12:56
What was interesting is that the media couldn't get in.
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Zaujímavé bolo to, že média sa tam nemohli dostať.
12:58
I mean, you should see that.
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Mali ste to vidieť.
13:00
They would have to film us from a really long distance by helicopter
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Museli nás filmovať z obrovskej vzdialenosti z helikoptéry
13:03
and then have a really long lens,
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a mali poriadne dlhé objektívy
13:05
and we would see ourselves, on TV, pasting.
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a tak sme sa potom mohli vidieť v televízii ako lepíme.
13:07
And they would put a number: "Please call this number
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A dali tam aj číslo: "Prosím, zavolajte na toto číslo
13:09
if you know what's going on in Providencia."
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ak viete, čo sa deje v Providencii."
13:11
We just did a project and then left
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My sme len urobili projekt a potom odišli,
13:14
so the media wouldn't know.
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takže média nič nevedeli.
13:16
So how can we know about the project?
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Takže ako sa dozvieme o projekte?
13:18
So they had to go and find the women
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A tak museli ísť hľadať tie ženy
13:21
and get an explanation from them.
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a nechať si to vysvetliť od nich.
13:23
So you create a bridge between the media
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Tak vytvoríte most medzi médiami
13:26
and the anonymous women.
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a anonymnými ženami.
13:29
We kept traveling.
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Pokračovali sme v cestovaní.
13:31
We went to Africa, Sudan, Sierra Leone,
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Boli sme v Afrike, Sudáne, Sierra Leone,
13:33
Liberia, Kenya.
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Libérii, Kenyi.
13:35
In war-torn places like Monrovia,
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Vo vojnou spustošených miestach ako je Monrovia
13:37
people come straight to you.
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ľudia chodia priamo k vám.
13:39
I mean, they want to know what you're up to.
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Chcem tým povedať, že chcú vedieť, čo máte v úmysle.
13:41
They kept asking me, "What is the purpose of your project?
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Stále sa ma pýtali, "Aký je účel vášho projektu?
13:44
Are you an NGO? Are you the media?"
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Ste NGO? Ste z médií?"
13:47
Art. Just doing art.
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Umenie. Len robím umenie.
13:50
Some people question, "Why is it in black and white?
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Niektorí ľudia sa pýtali, "Prečo je to čiernobiele?
13:52
Don't you have color in France?"
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Vo Francúzsku nemáte farby?"
13:54
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
13:56
Or they tell you, "Are these people all dead?"
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Alebo vám povedia, "Sú všetci títo ľudia mŕtvi?"
13:58
Some who understood the project would explain it to others.
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Niektorí, čo projektu porozumeli, ho vysvetľovali ostatným.
14:01
And to a man who did not understand, I heard someone say,
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A počul som ako niekto hovorí mužovi, ktorý nechápal,
14:04
"You know, you've been here for a few hours
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"Vieš, si tu už niekoľko hodín
14:07
trying to understand, discussing with your fellows.
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a snažíš sa to pochopiť, diskutuješ s kamarátmi.
14:10
During that time, you haven't thought about
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Po celý ten čas si nepomyslel na to,
14:12
what you're going to eat tomorrow.
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čo budeš zajtra jesť.
14:14
This is art."
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To je umenie."
14:17
I think it's people's curiosity
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Myslím, že je to ľudská zvedavosť,
14:20
that motivates them
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čo ich motivuje
14:23
to come into the projects.
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pridať sa do projektov.
14:25
And then it becomes more.
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A potom sa to stane niečím viac.
14:27
It becomes a desire, a need, an armor.
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Stane sa to túžbou, potrebou.
14:31
On this bridge that's in Monrovia,
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Na tomto moste to je Monrovia,
14:34
ex-rebel soldiers helped us pasting a portrait
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bývalý rebelský vojak nám pomohol vylepiť portrét
14:37
of a woman that might have been raped during the war.
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ženy, ktorá bola možno počas vojny znásilnená.
14:40
Women are always the first ones targeted
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Ženy sú vždy prvé, ktoré to schytajú
14:42
during conflict.
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počas konfliktu.
14:45
This is Kibera, Kenya,
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Toto je Kibera, Kenya,
14:47
one of the largest slums of Africa.
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jeden z najväčších slumov v Afrike.
14:50
You might have seen images about the post-election violence
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Možno ste videli zábery z povolebných násilí,
14:53
that happened there in 2008.
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ktoré tam prebehli v roku 2008.
14:57
This time we covered the roofs of the houses,
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Tentokrát sme pokryli strechy domov,
14:59
but we didn't use paper,
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ale nepoužili sme papier,
15:02
because paper doesn't prevent the rain
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pretože papier neochráni pred tým, aby dážď
15:05
from leaking inside the house --
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natiekol do domu --
15:07
vinyl does.
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vinyl áno.
15:09
Then art becomes useful.
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Potom sa umenie stáva užitočným.
15:11
So the people kept it.
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Takže si ho ľudia nechajú.
15:13
You know what I love is, for example, when you see the biggest eye there,
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Viete, čo milujem je napríklad to, keď tu vidíte to najväčšie oko,
15:16
there are so [many] houses inside.
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vo vnútri je toľko veľa domov.
15:18
And I went there a few months ago --
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A pred pár mesiacmi som tam bol --
15:20
photos are still there -- and it was missing a piece of the eye.
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fotografie tam stále sú -- ale chýbal kúsok oka.
15:23
So I asked the people what happened.
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Tak som sa ľudí spýtal, čo sa stalo.
15:25
"Oh, that guy just moved."
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"Oh, ten chlapík sa presťahoval."
15:27
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
15:31
When the roofs were covered, a woman said as a joke,
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Keď boli strechy pokryté, jedna žena zavtipkovala,
15:34
"Now God can see me."
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"Teraz nás Boh môže vidieť."
15:36
When you look at Kibera now,
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Keď sa teraz pozrieš na Kiberu,
15:38
they look back.
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pozerá sa späť na teba.
15:44
Okay, India.
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Dobre, India.
15:46
Before I start that, just so you know,
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Predtým ako začnem, len aby ste vedeli,
15:48
each time we go to a place, we don't have authorization,
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vždy keď niekam ideme, nemáme cestovnú agentúru,
15:50
so we set up like commandos --
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takže zriadime také akože komandá --
15:52
we're a group of friends who arrive there,
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sme skupinka kamarátov, ktorá tam príde
15:54
and we try to paste on the walls.
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a snažíme sa lepiť na steny.
15:56
But there are places where you just can't paste on a wall.
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Ale sú miesta, kde na steny proste lepiť nemôžete.
15:59
In India it was just impossible to paste.
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V Indii bolo proste nemožné niečo vylepiť.
16:02
I heard culturally and because of the law,
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Počul som, že z kultúrnych a právnych dôvodov,
16:05
they would just arrest us at the first pasting.
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by nás zatkli pri prvom lepení.
16:08
So we decided to paste white,
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Takže sme sa rozhodli vylepiť bielu,
16:10
white on the walls.
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bielu na steny.
16:12
So imagine white guys pasting white papers.
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Tak si predstavte bielych chlapíkov ako lepia biely papier.
16:14
So people would come to us and ask us,
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Takže k nám chodili ľudia a pýtali sa,
16:16
"Hey, what are you up to?"
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"Hej, čo to robíte?"
16:18
"Oh, you know, we're just doing art." "Art?"
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"Oh, viete, len umenie." "Umenie?"
16:22
Of course, they were confused.
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Pravdaže boli zmätení.
16:24
But you know how India has a lot of dust in the streets,
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Ale viete ako má India množstvo prachu na uliciach
16:27
and the more dust you would have
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a čím viac prachu
16:29
going up in the air,
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sa zvíri,
16:31
on the white paper you can almost see,
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na bielom papieri to takmer vidíte,
16:34
but there is this sticky part
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ale je tam ešte taká lepkavá časť
16:36
like when you reverse a sticker.
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ako keď otočíte nálepku.
16:38
So the more dust you have, the more it will reveal the photo.
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Takže čím viac prachu máte, tým viac je vidno fotografiu.
16:41
So we could just walk in the street during the next days
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Takže počas najbližších dní sme len chodili po ulici
16:44
and the photos would get revealed by themselves.
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a fotografie sa samé zjavili.
16:46
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
16:53
Thank you.
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Ďakujem.
16:56
So we didn't get caught this time.
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Takže sme tentokrát neboli chytení.
17:01
Each project -- that's a film
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Každý projekt, to je film
17:03
from Women Are Heroes.
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zo Ženy sú hrdinky.
17:06
(Music)
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(Hudba)
17:09
Okay.
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Dobre.
17:11
For each project we do
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Pre každý projekt robíme
17:13
a film.
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film.
17:15
And most of what you see -- that's a trailer from "Women Are Heroes" --
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A väčšina toho, čo vidíte, je trailer k projektu "Ženy sú hrdinky" --
17:18
its images, photography,
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jeho obrázky, fotografie,
17:21
taken one after the other.
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urobené jedna za druhou.
17:42
And the photos kept traveling even without us.
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A fotografia dokonca cestuje aj s nami.
18:21
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
18:23
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
18:33
Hopefully, you'll see the film,
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Snáď uvidíte film
18:35
and you'll understand the scope of the project
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a pochopíte rozsah projektu
18:37
and what the people felt when they saw those photos.
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a to, čo ľudia cítili, keď tie fotografie videli.
18:39
Because that's a big part of it. There's layers behind each photo.
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Pretože to je toho veľká súčasť. Každá fotografia má niekoľko vrstiev.
18:42
Behind each image is a story.
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Za každým obrázkom je príbeh.
18:45
Women Are Heroes created a new dynamic
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Ženy sú hrdinky vytvorilo novú dynamiku
18:47
in each of the communities,
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v každej z týchto komunít
18:49
and the women kept that dynamic after we left.
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a ženy si túto dynamiku ponechali aj po tom, čo sme odišli.
18:52
For example, we did books -- not for sale --
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Napríklad, urobili sme knihy -- nie na predaj --
18:55
that all the community would get.
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ktoré všetky komunity dostali.
18:57
But to get it, they would have to [get] it signed by one of the women.
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Ale aby ich dostali, museli si ich nechať podpísať jednou zo žien.
19:01
We did that in most of the places.
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Urobili sme to vo väčšine miest.
19:03
We go back regularly.
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Pravidelne sa vraciame.
19:05
And so in Providencia, for example, in the favela,
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A tak napríklad v Providencii, v slame,
19:08
we have a cultural center running there.
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máme operačné centrum.
19:10
In Kibera, each year we cover more roofs.
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V Kibere každý rok pokryjeme viac striech.
19:12
Because of course, when we left, the people who were just at the edge of the project
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Pretože pravdaže, keď sme odišli, ľudia, ktorí boli na kraji projektu
19:15
said, "Hey, what about my roof?"
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povedali, "Hej a čo moja strecha?"
19:18
So we decided to come the year after
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Takže sme sa rozhodli o rok prísť
19:20
and keep doing the project.
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a pokračovať v projekte.
19:23
A really important point for me
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Veľmi dôležitá vec pre mňa
19:25
is that I don't use any brand or corporate sponsors.
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je to, že nepoužívam žiadnych sponzorov.
19:28
So I have no responsibility
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Takže nemám žiadnu zodpovednosť
19:30
to anyone but myself
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voči niekomu len voči sebe
19:32
and the subjects.
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a témam.
19:34
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
19:38
And that is for me
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A to je pre mňa
19:40
one of the more important things in the work.
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v práci jedna z najdôležitejších vecí.
19:42
I think, today,
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Myslím, že dnes
19:44
as important as the result is the way you do things.
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rovnako dôležitý ako výsledok je spôsob, akým veci robíte.
19:47
And that has always been a central part of the work.
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A to vždy bola istá časť práce.
19:51
And what's interesting is that fine line that I have
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A zaujímavá je tá tenká hranica, ktorú mám
19:53
with images and advertising.
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medzi obrázkami a reklamou.
19:55
We just did some pasting in Los Angeles
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Posledných niekoľko týždňov sme vyliepali v Los Angeles
19:57
on another project in the last weeks.
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v rámci ďalšieho projektu.
20:00
And I was even invited to cover the MOCA museum.
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A bol som dokonca pozvaný k tomu, aby som pokryl múzeum MOCA.
20:04
But yesterday the city called them and said,
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Ale včera im zavolalo mesto a povedalo,
20:06
"Look, you're going to have to tear it down.
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"Pozrite, budeme to musieť zrušiť.
20:08
Because this can be taken for advertising,
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Pretože to môže byť chápané ako reklama,
20:10
and because of the law,
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a tak kvôli právnym záležitostiam
20:12
it has to be taken down."
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to musí byť zrušené."
20:14
But tell me, advertising for what?
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Ale povedzte mi, reklama na čo?
20:17
The people I photograph
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Ľudia na fotografiách
20:19
were proud to participate in the project
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boli hrdí na to, že sa mohli zúčastniť na projekte
20:21
and to have their photo in the community.
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a že mali svoje fotografie v komunite.
20:23
But they asked me for a promise basically.
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Ale v podstate ma požiadali o sľub.
20:25
They asked me, "Please, make our story travel with you."
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Požiadali ma, "Prosím, nech náš príbeh cestuje s tebou."
20:29
So I did. That's Paris.
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Tak som to urobil. To je Paríž.
20:32
That's Rio.
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To je Rio.
20:34
In each place, we built exhibitions with a story, and the story traveled.
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Na každom mieste sme vybudovali výstavy s príbehom, a príbeh cestoval.
20:38
You understand the full scope of the project.
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Rozumiete celému rozsahu projektu.
20:40
That's London.
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To je Londýn.
20:43
New York.
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New York.
20:45
And today, they are with you in Long Beach.
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A dnes sú s vami v Long Beach.
20:49
All right, recently I started a public art project
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Dobre, nedávno som odštartoval verejný projekt,
20:52
where I don't use my artwork anymore.
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kde už nepoužívam svoje práce.
20:55
I use Man Ray, Helen Levitt,
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Používam práce Man Ray, Helen Levitt,
20:58
Giacomelli, other people's artwork.
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Giacomelli, práce iných ľudí.
21:00
It doesn't matter today if it's your photo or not.
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Dnes nezáleží na tom, či je to vaša fotografia alebo nie.
21:03
The importance is what you do
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Dôležité je to, čo robíte
21:05
with the images,
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s obrázkami,
21:07
the statement it makes where it's pasted.
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výpoveď akú to po vylepení má.
21:10
So for example, I pasted the photo of the minaret
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Takže napríklad, ja som vylepil fotografiu minaretu
21:13
in Switzerland
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vo Švajčiarsku
21:15
a few weeks after they voted the law forbidding minarets in the country.
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pár týždňov po tom, čo schválili zákon zakazujúci minarety v krajine.
21:19
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
21:25
This image of three men wearing gas masks
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To je obrázok troch mužov s plynovými maskami,
21:28
was taken in Chernobyl originally,
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ktorý bol pôvodne urobený v Černobyle
21:30
and I pasted it in Southern Italy,
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a potom vylepený v južnom Taliansku,
21:33
where the mafia sometimes bury the garbage under the ground.
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kde mafia niekedy zahrabe pod zem nepotrebný odpad.
21:39
In some ways, art can change the world.
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V niektorých ohľadoch umenie svet zmeniť môže.
21:41
Art is not supposed to change the world,
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Umenie nie je určené k tomu, aby zmenilo svet,
21:43
to change practical things,
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aby menilo praktické veci,
21:45
but to change perceptions.
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ale aby menilo ľudské vnímanie.
21:47
Art can change
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Umenie dokáže zmeniť
21:49
the way we see the world.
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spôsob, akým svet vidíme.
21:51
Art can create an analogy.
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Umenie dokáže vytvárať analógiu.
21:54
Actually the fact that art cannot change things
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Vlastne fakt, že umenie nedokáže veci meniť
21:57
makes it a neutral place
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z neho robí neutrálne miesto
21:59
for exchanges and discussions,
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pre výmenu názorov a diskusiu
22:02
and then enables you to change the world.
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a tým vám umožňuje meniť svet.
22:05
When I do my work,
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Pri mojej práci
22:07
I have two kinds of reactions.
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sa stretávam s dvoma druhmi reakcií.
22:09
People say, "Oh, why don't you go in Iraq or Afghanistan.
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Ľudia hovoria, "Oh, prečo nejdeš do Iraku alebo Afganistanu.
22:12
They would be really useful."
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Tam by to bolo naozaj užitočné."
22:14
Or, "How can we help?"
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Alebo, "Ako môžeme pomôcť."
22:17
I presume that you belong to the second category,
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Predpokladám, že patríte do tej druhej kategórie
22:20
and that's good,
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a to je dobré,
22:22
because for that project,
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pretože pre tento projekt
22:24
I'm going to ask you to take the photos
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vás požiadam, aby ste urobili fotografie
22:26
and paste them.
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a vylepili ich.
22:29
So now my wish is:
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Takže moje prianie je:
22:31
(mock drum roll)
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(napodobenie bubnov)
22:33
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
22:36
I wish for you to stand up
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Prajem si, aby ste sa postavili
22:39
for what you care about
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za to, na čom vám záleží
22:42
by participating in a global art project,
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tak, že sa zapojíte do globálneho umeleckého projektu
22:45
and together we'll turn the world inside out.
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a spolu zmeníme svet.
22:51
And this starts right now.
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A projekt začína práve teraz.
22:53
Yes, everyone in the room.
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Áno, všetci v miestnosti.
22:55
Everyone watching.
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Každý kto sleduje.
22:58
I wanted that wish
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Chcel som, aby toto prianie
23:00
to actually start now.
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skutočne začalo teraz.
23:02
So a subject you're passionate about, a person who you want to tell their story
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Takže vec, do ktorej ste zanietení, osoba ktorej príbeh chcete povedať,
23:05
or even your own photos --
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alebo aj vlastné fotografie --
23:07
tell me what you stand for.
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povedzte mi, čo zastávate.
23:09
Take the photos, the portraits,
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Vezmite fotografie, portréty
23:11
upload it -- I'll give you all the details --
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a nahrajte ich -- dám vám všetky detaily --
23:14
and I'll send you back your poster. Join by groups
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a pošlem vám späť váš plagát. Pridajte sa po skupinách
23:17
and reveal things to the world.
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a odhaľte svetu veci.
23:20
The full data is on the website --
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Všetky informácie sú na webovej stránke:
23:23
insideoutproject.net --
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insideoutproject.net
23:25
that is launching today.
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ktorý štartuje dnes.
23:28
What we see changes who we are.
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To čo vidíme, mení to, kým sme.
23:30
When we act together,
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Keď spolupracujeme,
23:32
the whole thing is much more than the sum of the parts.
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výsledná vec je omnoho viac než len súhrnom častí.
23:36
So I hope that, together, we'll create something
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Takže dúfam, že spolu vytvoríme niečo,
23:38
that the world will remember.
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čo si svet zapamätá.
23:40
And this starts right now and depends on you.
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A začína to práve teraz a závisí na vás.
23:43
Thank you.
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Ďakujem.
23:45
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
23:52
Thank you.
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Ďakujem.
23:54
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
JR - Street artistWith a camera, a dedicated wheatpasting crew and the help of whole villages and favelas, 2011 TED Prize winner JR shows the world its true face.
Why you should listen
Working anonymously, pasting his giant images on buildings, trains and bridges, the often-guerrilla artist JR forces us to see each other. Traveling to distant, often dangerous places -- the slums of Kenya, the favelas of Brazil -- he infiltrates communities, befriending inhabitants and recruiting them as models and collaborators. He gets in his subjects’ faces with a 28mm wide-angle lens, resulting in portraits that are unguarded, funny, soulful, real, that capture the sprits of individuals who normally go unseen. The blown-up images pasted on urban surfaces -– the sides of buses, on rooftops -- confront and engage audiences where they least expect it. Images of Parisian thugs are pasted up in bourgeois neighborhoods; photos of Israelis and Palestinians are posted together on both sides of the walls that separate them.
JR's gained widespread attention for his project, "Women Are Heroes," which depicted women "dealing with the effects of war, poverty, violence, and oppression” from Rio de Janeiro, Phnom Penh and Delhi to several cities in Africa. His TED Prize wish opened an even wider lens on the world. With the prize, he launched INSIDE OUT -- a global participatory art project. INSIDE OUT invites everyone to share their portrait and transform messages of personal identity into public art.
JR | Speaker | TED.com