TED2019
Carole Cadwalladr: Facebook's role in Brexit -- and the threat to democracy
卡洛爾·卡瓦拉德爾: 臉書在英國脫歐的角色和它對民主的威脅
Filmed:
Readability: 4.1
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記者卡洛爾·卡瓦拉德爾在這場不容錯過的演講中，深入探討近期最令人困惑的事件之一：英國 2016 年的脫歐公投。 她追蹤到針對易被左右的英國選民所做的臉書廣告，還連結到被用在 2016 年美國總統大選的戰術。卡德瓦拉德指責那些被她稱為「矽谷神祇」的科技大咖，因為他們所做的錯誤決定，將讓自己在史上留下惡名。 她問：難道自由和公正的選舉已成歷史陳跡了？
Carole Cadwalladr - Investigative journalist
Carole Cadwalladr is a British investigative journalist and features writer. Full bio
Carole Cadwalladr is a British investigative journalist and features writer. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
So, on the day after the Brexit vote,
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在英國脫歐公投後的次日，
00:16
in June 2016,
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那時是 2016 年 6 月，
00:19
when Britain woke up to the shock
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英國人從夢中驚醒過來，
00:21
of discovering that we're leaving
the European Union,
the European Union,
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發現我們即將離開歐盟。
00:24
my editor at the "Observer"
newspaper in the UK
newspaper in the UK
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我們英國衛報的編輯
00:27
asked me to go back to South Wales,
where I grew up, and to write a report.
where I grew up, and to write a report.
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派我回到南威爾斯去寫個報導，
那裡是我成長的地方。
那裡是我成長的地方。
00:32
And so I went to a town called Ebbw Vale.
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於是我去到了一個叫做
埃布韋爾的小鎮。
埃布韋爾的小鎮。
00:35
Here it is.
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就是地圖上這個地方。
00:36
It's in the South Wales Valleys,
which is this quite special place.
which is this quite special place.
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它位於南威爾斯谷，
是個很特別的地方。
是個很特別的地方。
00:40
So it's had this very, sort of rich,
working-class culture,
working-class culture,
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這裡充滿著工薪階層的文化，
00:45
and it's famous for its Welsh
male voice choirs and rugby and its coal.
male voice choirs and rugby and its coal.
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最著名的是威爾斯男聲合唱團、
橄欖球，還有煤礦。
橄欖球，還有煤礦。
00:50
But when I was a teenager,
the coal mines and the steelworks closed,
the coal mines and the steelworks closed,
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但在我的青少年時期，
煤礦和鋼鐵廠都關閉了，
煤礦和鋼鐵廠都關閉了，
00:54
and the entire area was devastated.
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整個地區遭受非常嚴重的挫敗。
00:57
And I went there because it had one of
the highest "Leave" votes in the country.
the highest "Leave" votes in the country.
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我去那裡是因為該地區
「贊成」脫歐率居全國之冠。
「贊成」脫歐率居全國之冠。
01:01
Sixty-two percent of the people here
voted to leave the European Union.
voted to leave the European Union.
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有 62% 的人贊成離開歐盟。
01:06
And I wanted to know why.
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我想知道為什麼。
01:09
When I got there,
I was just a bit taken aback,
I was just a bit taken aback,
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到那裡之後，我有點吃驚，
01:11
because the last time I went to Ebbw Vale,
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因為上一回我到埃布韋爾時，
01:14
it looked like this.
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它看起來是這付模樣。
01:16
And now, it looks like this.
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而現在看起來是這個樣子。
01:19
This is a new 33-million-pound
college of further education
college of further education
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這是新建的高等教育學院，
花了 3300 萬英鎊，
花了 3300 萬英鎊，
01:24
that was mostly funded
by the European Union.
by the European Union.
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資金主要由歐盟提供。
01:28
And this is the new sports center
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這是新的運動中心，
01:31
that's at the middle of 350-million-pound
regeneration project
regeneration project
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含在 3.5 億英鎊的重建項目內，
01:36
that's being funded by the European Union.
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由歐盟出資。
01:40
And this is the new 77-million-pound
road-improvement scheme,
road-improvement scheme,
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這是 7700 萬英鎊的
新建道路改善計劃，
新建道路改善計劃，
01:44
and there's a new train line,
a new railway station,
a new railway station,
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還有新的鐵道和新的車站，
01:47
and they're all being funded
by the European Union.
by the European Union.
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通通都由歐盟出資。
這些可不是秘密，
01:49
And it's not as if
any of this is a secret,
any of this is a secret,
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因為到處都有這樣的大標示：
01:51
because there's big signs
like this everywhere.
like this everywhere.
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【歐盟基金：投資威爾斯】
01:53
[EU Funds: Investing in Wales]
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01:55
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
01:57
I had this sort of
weird sense of unreality,
weird sense of unreality,
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我帶著這種如夢似幻的不真實感
01:59
walking around the town.
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走在這個鎮上。
02:01
And it came to a head
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就在這個時候，
02:03
when I met this young man
in front of the sports center.
in front of the sports center.
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我在運動中心前面遇到一個年輕人。
02:07
And he told me that he had voted to leave,
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他告訴我他投票贊成脫歐，
02:11
because the European Union
had done nothing for him.
had done nothing for him.
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因為歐盟對他毫無作為。
02:17
He was fed up with it.
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他受夠了。
02:19
And all around town,
people told me the same thing.
people told me the same thing.
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鎮上處處都有人對我說同樣的話。
02:23
They said that they wanted
to take back control,
to take back control,
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他們宣稱要取回掌控權，
02:26
which was one of the slogans
in the campaign.
in the campaign.
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那是脫歐行動宣傳的口號之一。
02:29
And they told me
that they were most fed up
that they were most fed up
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他們告訴我主要是
他們受夠了移民和難民。
02:31
with the immigrants and with the refugees.
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02:34
They'd had enough.
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他們真的受夠了。
02:36
Which was odd.
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這非常奇怪。
02:38
Because walking around,
I didn't meet any immigrants or refugees.
I didn't meet any immigrants or refugees.
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因為我走來走去，
沒遇到半個移民或是難民。
沒遇到半個移民或是難民。
02:41
I met one Polish woman who told me
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我遇到了一個波蘭的婦人告訴我
02:43
she was practically
the only foreigner in town.
the only foreigner in town.
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事實上她是鎮上唯一的外國人。
02:45
And when I checked the figures,
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我去查了數字，
02:47
I discovered that Ebbw Vale actually has
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發現埃布韋爾事實上
02:49
one of the lowest rates
of immigration in the country.
of immigration in the country.
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是全英國
移民率最低的地方之一。
02:53
And so I was just a bit baffled,
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我百思不得其解，
02:54
because I couldn't really understand
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因為我全然不知道
這裡的人是從哪兒得到資訊的。
02:56
where people were getting
their information from.
their information from.
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因為那些是右翼的小報紙
02:59
Because it was the right-wing
tabloid newspapers
tabloid newspapers
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所報導的移民故事。
03:01
which printed all these stories
about immigration.
about immigration.
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而這裡絕大部分人是左翼的勞工。
03:03
And this is a very much
left-wing Labour stronghold.
left-wing Labour stronghold.
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03:08
But then after the article came out,
this woman got in touch with me.
this woman got in touch with me.
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文章見報之後，
有位女士聯繫我。
03:11
And she was from Ebbw Vale,
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她是埃布韋爾人，
03:13
and she told me about all this stuff
that she'd seen on Facebook.
that she'd seen on Facebook.
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她告訴我她從臉書上看到的訊息。
我納悶：「看到什麼呀？」
03:16
I was like, "What stuff?"
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03:18
And she said it was all this quite scary
stuff about immigration,
stuff about immigration,
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她說是那些關於移民的恐怖故事，
尤其是關於土耳其的。
03:21
and especially about Turkey.
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03:22
So I tried to find it.
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於是我試著去找出來到底是什麼。
03:24
But there was nothing there.
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但是根本找不到任何東西。
03:26
Because there's no archive
of ads that people had seen
of ads that people had seen
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因為那些人看過的廣告沒被存檔，
03:30
or what had been pushed
into their news feeds.
into their news feeds.
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推播給他們的新聞也沒被存檔。
03:34
No trace of anything,
gone completely dark.
gone completely dark.
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沒任何痕跡，沒一點影子。
03:38
And this referendum that will have
this profound effect forever on Britain --
this profound effect forever on Britain --
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而此次公投的結果
將會
對英國造成永久的影響——
對英國造成永久的影響——
03:44
it's already had a profound effect:
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它已經影響深切：
03:47
the Japanese car manufacturers
that came to Wales and the north east
that came to Wales and the north east
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以前日本車廠到威爾斯
和英國東北部來設廠，
和英國東北部來設廠，
取代了採煤的工作——
03:50
to replace the mining jobs --
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因為英國要脫歐，
日本車廠已經在撤出了。
日本車廠已經在撤出了。
03:51
they are already going because of Brexit.
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03:54
And this entire referendum
took place in darkness,
took place in darkness,
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這整個公投在暗中發生，
03:59
because it took place on Facebook.
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因為是發生在臉書上，
04:03
And what happens on Facebook
stays on Facebook,
stays on Facebook,
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而臉書上發生的事留在臉書裡頭，
04:08
because only you see your news feed,
and then it vanishes,
and then it vanishes,
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因為只有你看得到推播給你的新聞，
之後那些新聞就完全消失了，
之後那些新聞就完全消失了，
04:11
so it's impossible to research anything.
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所以根本無法研究任何東西。
04:13
So we have no idea who saw what ads
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我們完全不知道誰看了那些廣告，
04:16
or what impact they had,
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那些廣告造成什麼樣的影響，
04:18
or what data was used
to target these people.
to target these people.
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或是哪些資料被運用到
那些
被設定為目標人群的身上。
被設定為目標人群的身上。
04:21
Or even who placed the ads,
or how much money was spent,
or how much money was spent,
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甚至不知道是什麼人
花了多少錢置放那些廣告，
花了多少錢置放那些廣告，
04:24
or even what nationality they were.
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甚至不知道他們到底是哪一國人。
04:28
But Facebook does.
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然而臉書知道這些答案。
04:31
Facebook has these answers,
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臉書瞭然於胸，
04:33
and it's refused to give them to us.
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卻拒絕讓我們曉得這些答案。
04:36
Our parliament has asked Mark Zuckerberg
multiple times to come to Britain
multiple times to come to Britain
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英國國會多次要求
馬克·祖克柏來英國
馬克·祖克柏來英國
04:41
and to give us these answers.
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提供我們這些答案，
04:43
And every single time, he's refused.
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每一次他都拒絕了。
04:47
And you have to wonder why.
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你必然會納悶到底為什麼。
04:50
Because what I and other
journalists have uncovered
journalists have uncovered
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因為我和其他記者已經發現
04:53
is that multiple crimes
took place during the referendum.
took place during the referendum.
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在公投期間發生了多起罪行，
04:56
And they took place on Facebook.
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發生在臉書上。
05:00
It's because in Britain,
we limit the amount of money
we limit the amount of money
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因為我們英國
限制選舉可花費的金額。
限制選舉可花費的金額。
05:03
that you can spend in an election.
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05:05
And it's because in the 19th century,
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這是因為在 19 世紀時
05:07
people would walk around
with literally wheelbarrows of cash
with literally wheelbarrows of cash
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有人推著一整車的現金
05:11
and just buy voters.
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去買票。
05:13
So we passed these strict laws
to stop that from happening.
to stop that from happening.
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因此我們訂立嚴格的法律
不讓這樣的情形再度發生。
不讓這樣的情形再度發生。
05:18
But those laws don't work anymore.
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但是這些法律現在已經不適用了。
05:20
This referendum took place
almost entirely online.
almost entirely online.
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此次公投幾乎全在線上舉行。
05:24
And you can spend any amount of money
on Facebook or on Google or on YouTube ads
on Facebook or on Google or on YouTube ads
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不管你花多少錢在臉書、
谷歌 或 YouTube 上頭做廣告，
谷歌 或 YouTube 上頭做廣告，
05:28
and nobody will know,
because they're black boxes.
because they're black boxes.
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沒有人會知道，
因為那些根本就是黑箱。
因為那些根本就是黑箱。
05:31
And this is what happened.
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因此就發生了這情況。
05:34
We've actually got no idea
of the full extent of it.
of the full extent of it.
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事實上我們根本不知道
牽涉有多廣。
牽涉有多廣。
05:37
But we do know that in the last days
before the Brexit vote,
before the Brexit vote,
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但我們知道在即將舉行
英國脫歐公投的前幾天，
英國脫歐公投的前幾天，
05:40
the official "Vote Leave" campaign
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那個推動脫歐運動的正式機構
05:42
laundered nearly three quarters
of a million pounds
of a million pounds
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擲下將近 75 萬英鎊，
05:46
through another campaign entity
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透過另一個競選單位洗錢，
05:49
that our electoral commission
has ruled was illegal,
has ruled was illegal,
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被我們的選務機關判定為非法，
05:52
and it's referred it to the police.
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並已提報給警察機關。
05:55
And with this illegal cash,
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該機構用這些非法的資金
05:59
"Vote Leave" unleashed
a fire hose of disinformation.
a fire hose of disinformation.
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大量散佈假資訊。
06:05
Ads like this.
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像這樣的廣告。
06:06
[Turkey's 76m people joining the EU]
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【土耳其的 7600 萬人加入歐盟】
06:08
This is a lie, it's a total lie.
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這是謊言，全然的謊言。
06:10
Turkey is not joining the European Union.
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土耳其沒要加入歐盟。
06:12
There's not even any discussions
of it joining the European Union.
of it joining the European Union.
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事實上連「討論」加入歐盟都沒有。
06:17
And most of us, we never saw these ads,
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我們大多數人從未見過這樣的廣告，
06:20
because we were not the target of them.
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因為這些廣告的目標不是我們。
06:22
"Vote Leave" identified
a tiny sliver of people
a tiny sliver of people
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「脫歐」廣告針對少數特定的人，
06:26
who it identified as persuadable,
and they saw them.
and they saw them.
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那些他們判定容易被說動的人。
06:29
And the only reason
we are seeing these now
we are seeing these now
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而我們現在看得到這些的唯一原因
06:32
is because parliament forced
Facebook to hand them over.
Facebook to hand them over.
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是因為國會強迫臉書交出來。
06:37
And maybe you think,
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或許你會想，
06:38
"Well, it was just a bit of overspending.
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「好吧，只是多花了點錢吧。
06:40
It's a few lies."
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不過是一點謊言。」
06:42
But this was the biggest electoral fraud
in Britain for 100 years.
in Britain for 100 years.
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然而這可是英國百年來
最大的選舉舞弊。
最大的選舉舞弊。
06:49
In a once-in-a-generation vote
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這可是整個世代唯一一次
06:52
that hinged upon just
one percent of the electorate.
one percent of the electorate.
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票數差別僅僅 1% 的選舉。
06:59
And it was just one of the crimes
that took place in the referendum.
that took place in the referendum.
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而且這只是此次公投的
眾多罪行之一。
07:03
There was another group,
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還有另一團體，
07:04
which was headed
by this man, Nigel Farage,
by this man, Nigel Farage,
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由奈傑·法拉吉這個人主導，
07:09
the one to the right of Trump.
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是照片中川普右邊那個人。
07:11
And his group, "Leave.EU" --
it also broke the law.
it also broke the law.
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他的「Leave.EU」脫歐團隊也違法。
07:15
It broke British electoral laws
and British data laws,
and British data laws,
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違反了英國選舉法和數據法，
07:18
and it's also being
referred to the police.
referred to the police.
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也被提報給警方。
07:22
And this man, Arron Banks,
he funded this campaign.
he funded this campaign.
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是阿龍·班克斯這個人
出錢推動脫歐運動。
出錢推動脫歐運動。
07:27
And in a completely separate case,
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他在全然不同的另外一案中
07:30
he's being referred
to our National Crime Agency,
to our National Crime Agency,
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已經被移送至國家犯罪總署，
07:34
our equivalent of the FBI,
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相當於美國 FBI 的對等機構，
07:36
because our electoral commission
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因為我們的選務委員會已得出結論：
07:38
has concluded they don't know
where his money came from.
where his money came from.
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不知道他的錢來自何方，
07:41
Or if it was even British.
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甚至不知道到底是不是英國的資金。
07:44
And I'm not even going to go into
the lies that Arron Banks has told
the lies that Arron Banks has told
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而我甚至不打算談論
阿龍·班克斯的謊言，
阿龍·班克斯的謊言，
07:49
about his covert relationship
with the Russian government.
with the Russian government.
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關於他跟俄國政府秘密關係的謊言。
07:54
Or the weird timing of Nigel Farage's
meetings with Julian Assange
meetings with Julian Assange
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也不提奈傑·法拉吉
詭異的會面時刻，
詭異的會面時刻，
他與朱利安·亞桑傑
07:58
and with Trump's buddy,
Roger Stone, now indicted,
Roger Stone, now indicted,
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和他與川普現已被起訴的伙伴
羅傑·斯通的會面時間點，
羅傑·斯通的會面時間點，
08:01
immediately before
two massive WikiLeaks dumps,
two massive WikiLeaks dumps,
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恰好就在維基解密
兩次大規模傾倒資訊之前。
兩次大規模傾倒資訊之前。
08:05
both of which happened
to benefit Donald Trump.
to benefit Donald Trump.
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兩次都讓川普得益。
08:07
But I will tell you that Brexit
and Trump were intimately entwined.
and Trump were intimately entwined.
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但我要告訴大家
英國脫歐與川普密不可分。
08:12
This man told me that Brexit
was the petri dish for Trump.
was the petri dish for Trump.
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這個人讓我知道
英國脫歐是川普的培養皿。
英國脫歐是川普的培養皿。
08:18
And we know it's the same people,
the same companies,
the same companies,
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我們知道是同樣的人、同樣的公司、
同樣的數據、同樣的手法、
08:20
the same data, the same techniques,
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同樣使用仇恨和恐懼。
08:22
the same use of hate and fear.
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08:24
This is what they
were posting on Facebook.
were posting on Facebook.
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這是他們貼在臉書上的。
【未同化的移民等於入侵】
【未同化的移民等於入侵】
08:27
And I don't even want to call this a lie,
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我甚至懶得說這是謊言，
08:30
[Immigration without assimilation
equals invasion]
equals invasion]
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因為我覺得這更像是仇恨罪。
08:32
because it feels more
like a hate crime to me.
like a hate crime to me.
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08:38
I don't have to tell you
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不用我說，
08:40
that hate and fear are being sown online
all across the world.
all across the world.
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仇恨與恐懼被深植於
世界各地的網上。
世界各地的網上。
08:46
Not just in Britain and America,
but in France and in Hungary
but in France and in Hungary
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不只英國、美國，
法國和匈牙利也有，
法國和匈牙利也有，
08:49
and Brazil and Myanmar and New Zealand.
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還有巴西、緬甸，和紐西蘭。
08:52
And we know there is this dark undertow
which is connecting us all globally.
which is connecting us all globally.
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我們知道這暗流
與全球的你和我連結著。
與全球的你和我連結著。
08:57
And it is flowing
via the technology platforms.
via the technology platforms.
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它透過技術平台流動。
09:02
But we only see a tiny amount
of what's going on on the surface.
of what's going on on the surface.
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我們只看到冰山上的一角。
09:07
And I only found out anything
about this dark underbelly
about this dark underbelly
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我得以看到這黑暗的軟肋
09:12
because I started looking into
Trump's relationship to Farage,
Trump's relationship to Farage,
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是因為我開始研究
川普和法拉吉的關係，
川普和法拉吉的關係，
09:15
into a company called Cambridge Analytica.
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調查到一家叫做
「劍橋分析」的公司。
「劍橋分析」的公司。
09:18
And I spent months tracking down
an ex-employee, Christopher Wiley.
an ex-employee, Christopher Wiley.
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我花了好幾個月的時間追查到
該公司的前員工克里斯多福·懷利。
09:23
And he told me how this company,
that worked for both Trump and Brexit,
that worked for both Trump and Brexit,
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他告訴我這家公司
為川普和英國脫歐效力，
為川普和英國脫歐效力，
09:28
had profiled people politically
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他們怎樣側寫人們的政治傾向，
09:31
in order to understand
their individual fears,
their individual fears,
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為的是了解這些人的個別恐懼，
09:35
to better target them with Facebook ads.
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以用來針對他們散佈臉書廣告。
09:39
And it did this by illicitly
harvesting the profiles
harvesting the profiles
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做法是非法地採集資料，
09:44
of 87 million people from Facebook.
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採收 8700 萬人的臉書資料。
09:50
It took an entire year's work
to get Christopher on the record.
to get Christopher on the record.
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花了一整年的功夫
才把克里斯多福的話記錄在案。
09:55
And I had to turn myself
from a feature writer
from a feature writer
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我得把我的角色
09:57
into an investigative reporter to do it.
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從寫稿記者轉變為調查記者。
10:00
And he was extraordinarily brave,
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他非常勇敢，
10:02
because the company
is owned by Robert Mercer,
is owned by Robert Mercer,
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因為這個公司的所有人
是 羅伯特·默瑟，
是 羅伯特·默瑟，
10:05
the billionaire who bankrolled Trump,
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是個以財力支持川普的億萬富翁，
10:07
and he threatened
to sue us multiple times,
to sue us multiple times,
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他多次恐嚇要控告我們，
10:10
to stop us from publishing.
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不讓我們報導。
10:13
But we finally got there,
and we were one day ahead of publication.
and we were one day ahead of publication.
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但我們終於完成了，
就在刊出的前一天，
就在刊出的前一天，
10:16
We got another legal threat.
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我們收到另一起訴訟威脅。
10:19
Not from Cambridge Analytica this time,
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這次不是劍橋分析公司，
10:21
but from Facebook.
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而是臉書。
10:24
It told us that if we publish,
they would sue us.
they would sue us.
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臉書威脅如果刊出就要告我們。
10:28
We did it anyway.
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我們仍然刊出了。
10:30
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
10:40
Facebook, you were
on the wrong side of history in that.
on the wrong side of history in that.
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臉書，那回你的選擇
在史上留下惡名。
在史上留下惡名。
10:44
And you were on the wrong side
of history in this --
of history in this --
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這回你又選擇再加一筆，
10:48
in refusing to give us
the answers that we need.
the answers that we need.
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因為你拒絕提供我們需要的答案。
10:52
And that is why I am here.
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這是為什麼我今天站在這裡，
10:55
To address you directly,
the gods of Silicon Valley.
the gods of Silicon Valley.
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直接對矽谷的神祇們喊話。
10:59
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
11:03
Mark Zuckerberg ...
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馬克·祖克柏……
11:05
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
11:06
and Sheryl Sandberg and Larry Page
and Sergey Brin and Jack Dorsey,
and Sergey Brin and Jack Dorsey,
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還有雪柔·桑德伯格、賴利·佩吉、
謝爾蓋·布林，和傑克·多西，
謝爾蓋·布林，和傑克·多西，
11:15
and your employees
and your investors, too.
and your investors, too.
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以及你們的員工和金主。
11:19
Because 100 years ago,
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因為 100 年前，
11:21
the biggest danger in the South Wales
coal mines was gas.
coal mines was gas.
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南威爾斯煤礦面臨的
最大危險是天然氣。
最大危險是天然氣。
11:24
Silent and deadly and invisible.
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無聲、無形且致命。
11:26
It's why they sent the canaries
down first to check the air.
down first to check the air.
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那是他們帶金絲雀
進礦坑
監測裡頭空氣的原因。
監測裡頭空氣的原因。
11:29
And in this massive, global, online
experiment that we are all living through,
experiment that we are all living through,
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現在我們共同經歷
這大規模、
全球性的線上實驗，
全球性的線上實驗，
11:33
we in Britain are the canary.
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在英國的我們就是現代的金絲雀。
11:36
We are what happens to a western democracy
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我們正是西方民主世界的
11:39
when a hundred years of electoral laws
are disrupted by technology.
are disrupted by technology.
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百年選舉法被科技毁壞的結果。
11:45
Our democracy is broken,
our laws don't work anymore,
our laws don't work anymore,
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我們的民主被摧毀，法令不再適用，
11:48
and it's not me saying this,
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這話不是我說的，
11:50
it's our parliament published
a report saying this.
a report saying this.
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是我國國會發表的報告裡說的。
11:55
This technology that you have
invented has been amazing.
invented has been amazing.
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你們發明非常驚人的科技。
12:00
But now, it's a crime scene.
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但是現在卻變成了犯罪現場。
12:03
And you have the evidence.
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你們掌握著證據。
12:07
And it is not enough to say
that you will do better in the future.
that you will do better in the future.
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光說「以後會做得更好」是不夠的。
12:12
Because to have any hope
of stopping this from happening again,
of stopping this from happening again,
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因為要能不重蹈覆轍的唯一希望
12:17
we have to know the truth.
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在於我們必須知道真相。
12:21
And maybe you think,
"Well, it was just a few ads.
"Well, it was just a few ads.
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或許你認為：
「不過是幾則廣告而已。
「不過是幾則廣告而已。
12:24
And people are smarter than that, right?"
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人們可沒那麼笨，對吧？」
12:28
To which I would say,
"Good luck with that."
"Good luck with that."
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對此我必須說：「祝你好運。」
12:32
Because what the Brexit vote demonstrates
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因為英國脫歐公投顯示
12:35
is that liberal democracy is broken.
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自由民主已被摧毁了。
12:39
And you broke it.
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是你們摧毁的。
12:42
This is not democracy --
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這可不是民主——
12:44
spreading lies in darkness,
paid for with illegal cash,
paid for with illegal cash,
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在暗地裡散播謊言，
用非法的資金付廣告費，
用非法的資金付廣告費，
12:50
from God knows where.
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天知道這些錢從哪兒來的。
12:53
It's subversion,
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這是顛覆，
12:55
and you are accessories to it.
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而你們是共犯。
13:00
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
13:09
Our parliament has been
the first in the world
the first in the world
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我們國會是世上第一個
13:13
to try to hold you to account,
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試圖要你們負責的，
13:15
and it's failed.
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卻失敗了。
13:17
You are literally beyond the reach
of British law -- not just British laws,
of British law -- not just British laws,
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在字面上英國法律對你們沒轍——
不僅僅是英國法律，
13:22
this is nine parliaments,
nine countries are represented here,
nine countries are represented here,
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這裡是代表九個國家的國會，
13:25
who Mark Zuckerberg refused
to come and give evidence to.
to come and give evidence to.
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馬克·祖克柏拒絕出席和交出證據。
13:30
And what you don't seem to understand
is that this is bigger than you.
is that this is bigger than you.
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你似乎不明白，這遠遠大過你，
13:35
And it's bigger than any of us.
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遠遠大過我們任何人。
13:37
And it is not about left or right
or "Leave" or "Remain" or Trump or not.
or "Leave" or "Remain" or Trump or not.
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這可不是左派或右派，
留歐或脫歐，支持或反對川普，
留歐或脫歐，支持或反對川普，
13:43
It's about whether it's actually possible
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而是在於有沒有可能
13:45
to have a free and fair
election ever again.
election ever again.
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再舉行任何自由和公正的選舉了。
13:48
Because as it stands, I don't think it is.
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因為在目前這情況下，
我認為不可能。
我認為不可能。
13:52
And so my question to you is,
is this what you want?
is this what you want?
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因此我要問，這是你們要的嗎？
13:57
Is this how you want
history to remember you:
history to remember you:
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你們要在歷史上如此留名：
14:01
as the handmaidens to authoritarianism
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當威權主義的僕役，
14:05
that is on the rise all across the world?
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助長當今全球各地
紛紛崛起的威權主義？
紛紛崛起的威權主義？
14:10
Because you set out to connect people.
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因為你的初衷是要彼此連結，
14:13
And you are refusing to acknowledge
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而你現在拒絕承認同樣的科技
14:15
that the same technology
is now driving us apart.
is now driving us apart.
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事實上正將我們彼此推離。
14:21
And my question to everybody else is,
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我對其他每個人的問題則是：
14:23
is this what we want:
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我們要讓這些人僥倖逃脫，
14:25
to let them get away with it,
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14:28
and to sit back and play with our phones,
as this darkness falls?
as this darkness falls?
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只是坐在一旁玩手機，
一直玩到黑暗降臨大地嗎？
一直玩到黑暗降臨大地嗎？
（倒吸一口氣的聲音）
14:34
The history of the South Wales Valleys
is of a fight for rights.
is of a fight for rights.
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這起南威爾斯谷事件攸關爭取權利，
14:40
And this is not a drill --
it's a point of inflection.
it's a point of inflection.
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不是演習，而是轉折點。
14:45
Democracy is not guaranteed,
and it is not inevitable,
and it is not inevitable,
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民主不是被應許的，不必然會有，
14:49
and we have to fight and we have to win
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我們必須要為民主奮鬥，
而且我們必須勝出。
而且我們必須勝出。
14:51
and we cannot let these tech companies
have this unchecked power.
have this unchecked power.
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我們不能讓這些科技公司
擁有毫無限制的力量。
擁有毫無限制的力量。
14:56
It's up to us -- you, me and all of us.
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這取決於我們──
你、我，我們所有人。
你、我，我們所有人。
14:59
We are the ones
who have to take back control.
who have to take back control.
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我們必須取回掌控權！
15:04
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
15:07
(Cheers)
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（歡呼聲）
15:10
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Carole Cadwalladr - Investigative journalistCarole Cadwalladr is a British investigative journalist and features writer.
Why you should listen
Carole Cadwalladr is a journalist for the Guardian and Observer in the United Kingdom. She worked for a year with whistleblower Christopher Wylie to publish her investigation into Cambridge Analytica, which she shared with the New York Times. The investigation resulted in Mark Zuckerberg being called before Congress and Facebook losing more than $100 billion from its share price. She has also uncovered multiple crimes committed during the European referendum and evidence of Russian interference in Brexit. Her work has won a Polk Award and the Orwell Prize for political journalism, and she was named a Pulitzer Prize finalist for National Reporting in 2019. Of her award-winning work, judge Sir David Bell wrote: She "deserves high praise for the quality of her research and for her determination to shed fierce light on a story which seems by no means over yet. Orwell would have loved it."
Carole Cadwalladr | Speaker | TED.com