ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Alex Steffen - Planetary futurist
Alex Steffen explores our planet's future, telling powerful, inspiring stories about the hard choices facing humanity ... and our opportunity to create a much better tomorrow.

Why you should listen

Do you ever wonder whether we should be optimistic or pessimistic about the future? If you want more reasons to think things may still turn out for the better, Alex Steffen's your man. He doesn't downplay the scope and scale of the problems we face. Instead, he shows that we have the tools within our grasp for meeting those massive challenges, if we have the will to use them.

This isn't just hopeful thinking, either. Steffen uses real-world examples and big-picture research to show us that a brighter, greener future is ours to choose, and his work has earned him the ear of leading cities, corporations and philanthropic foundations. As the New York Times said a recent profile, "Alex Steffen lays out the blueprint for a successful century."

After working as a journalist on four continents, Steffen co-founded and ran the online magazine Worldchanging.com from 2003-2010. In those seven years, he made Worldchanging one of the world's leading sustainability-related publications with an archive of almost 12,000 articles and a large global audience. He also edited an internationally best-selling book surveying innovative solutions to the planet's most pressing problems: Worldchanging: A User's Guide for the 21st Century. 

His most recent work is Carbon Zero, a book describing cities that create prosperity not climate change, accelerating their economies while reducing their climate emissions to zero. He is now at work on a new book and a television project. "The big open secret about sustainability work," he recently told Design Observer magazine, 'is not how bad things are. It is how good things can get."

More profile about the speaker
Alex Steffen | Speaker | TED.com
TEDGlobal 2005

Alex Steffen: The route to a sustainable future

亞歷克.斯特芬看到一個可持續的未來。

Filmed:
1,733,451 views

Worldchanging.com 創始人亞歷克.斯特芬認為,當西方的消費生活方式傳至發展中國家,減少人類的生態足跡現在是難以置信的重要。
- Planetary futurist
Alex Steffen explores our planet's future, telling powerful, inspiring stories about the hard choices facing humanity ... and our opportunity to create a much better tomorrow. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:25
When I'm starting開始 talks會談 like this,
0
0
2000
當我開始這種演講的時候,
00:27
I usually平時 do a whole整個 spiel高談闊論 about sustainability可持續性
1
2000
3000
我常會滔滔不絕的談論有關可持續性,
00:30
because a lot of people out there don't know what that is.
2
5000
2000
因為很多人都對這個話題不熟識。
00:32
This is a crowd人群 that does know what it is,
3
7000
2000
這裏是一羣熟識這個話題的人,
00:34
so I'll like just do like the 60-second crib-note嬰兒床音符 version. Right?
4
9000
4000
因此我只會作一個六十秒的短版。 好嗎?
00:38
So just bear with me. We'll go real真實 fast快速, you know?
5
13000
2000
那請給我少許耐性。我們隨著會說得很快,
00:40
Fill in the blanks空白.
6
15000
1000
填補任何不足之處。
00:41
So, you know, sustainability可持續性, small planet行星.
7
16000
3000
論到可持續性,我們有的是一個小行星。
00:44
Right? Picture圖片 a little Earth地球, circling盤旋 around the sun太陽.
8
19000
2000
對嗎? 試想一個小地球,圍繞著太陽在轉。
00:46
You know, about a million百萬 years年份 ago,
9
21000
1000
大約在一百萬年前,
00:47
a bunch of monkeys猴子 fell下跌 out of trees樹木,
10
22000
2000
一羣猴子從樹上跌下,
00:49
got a little clever聰明, harnessed駕馭 fire,
11
24000
2000
變得有一點聰明,會利用火,
00:51
invented發明 the printing印花 press,
12
26000
1000
發明了印刷術,
00:52
made製作, you know, luggage行李 with wheels車輪 on it.
13
27000
2000
把行李箱安上滑輪。
00:54
And, you know, built內置 the society社會 that we now live生活 in.
14
29000
4000
並且建立了我們現在生活的社會。
00:58
Unfortunately不幸, while this society社會 is, without a doubt懷疑,
15
33000
3000
不幸地,當這毫無疑問地
01:01
the most prosperous繁榮 and dynamic動態 the world世界 has ever created創建,
16
36000
4000
是世界上建立最興旺最有動力的社會,
01:05
it's got some major重大的, major重大的 flaws破綻.
17
40000
3000
它卻有一些重要的瑕疵。
01:08
One of them is that every一切 society社會 has an ecological生態 footprint腳印.
18
43000
4000
其中一點是每個社會都有一個生態足跡。
01:12
It has an amount of impact碰撞 on the planet行星 that's measurable可測量.
19
47000
4000
它對地球有多大影響是可以量度得到。
01:16
How much stuff東東 goes through通過 your life,
20
51000
3000
有多少東西在你的生活中曾出現,
01:19
how much waste浪費 is left behind背後 you.
21
54000
3000
隨後產生了多少廢物。
01:22
And we, at the moment時刻, in our society社會,
22
57000
3000
而我們現在這個社會
01:25
have a really dramatically顯著 unsustainable不可持續的 level水平 of this.
23
60000
4000
有一個真正引人注目,無法持續的水平。
01:29
We're using運用 up about five planets行星.
24
64000
2000
我們消耗了約五個地球。
01:31
If everybody每個人 on the planet行星 lived生活 the way we did,
25
66000
3000
如果地球上每個人都像我們這樣生活,
01:34
we'd星期三 need between之間 five, six, seven,
26
69000
2000
我們便會需要五、六、七、
01:36
some people even say 10 planets行星 to make it.
27
71000
3000
甚至某些人說十個地球去支持。
01:39
Clearly明確地 we don't have 10 planets行星.
28
74000
2000
明顯地我們並沒有十個地球。
01:41
Again, you know, mental心理, visual視覺, 10 planets行星, one planet行星,
29
76000
2000
再次想像一下,十個地球、一個地球、
01:43
10 planets行星, one planet行星. Right?
30
78000
2000
十個地球、一個地球...是嗎?
01:45
We don't have that. So that's one problem問題.
31
80000
3000
我們沒有十個地球。因此那是一個問題。
01:48
The second第二 problem問題 is that the planet行星 that we have
32
83000
2000
第二個問題是我們有的地球
01:50
is being存在 used in wildly瘋狂 unfair不公平 ways方法. Right?
33
85000
4000
正被不公平地胡亂使用,對不對?
01:54
North Americans美國人, such這樣 as myself, you know,
34
89000
3000
北美洲人,如我自己,
01:57
we're basically基本上 sort分類 of wallowing打滾, gluttonous hogs,
35
92000
2000
我們基本像是沉溺貪嘴的豬,
01:59
and we're eating all sorts排序 of stuff東東.
36
94000
2000
我們吃著各種東西。
02:01
And, you know, then you get all the way down
37
96000
2000
然後我們往這兒一直看到
02:03
to people who live生活 in the Asia-Pacific亞太 region地區, or even more, Africa非洲.
38
98000
4000
亞太區居住的人,甚至更遠至非洲。
02:07
And people simply只是 do not have enough足夠 to survive生存.
39
102000
2000
他們基本上是沒有足夠食物去生存。
02:09
This is producing生產 all sorts排序 of tensions緊張,
40
104000
2000
這導致了種種的緊張局勢,
02:11
all sorts排序 of dynamics動力學 that are deeply disturbing煩擾的.
41
106000
3000
各種滋擾性的動力。
02:14
And there's more and more people on the way. Right?
42
109000
4000
而我們將會有越來越多人在這個情況。
02:18
So, this is what the planet's地球上的 going to look like in 20 years年份.
43
113000
4000
因此,廿年後的地球將會是這樣:
02:22
It's going to be a pretty漂亮 crowded place地點, at least最小 eight billion十億 people.
44
117000
3000
它將是十分擁擠的地方 ﹣至少有八十億人口。
02:25
So to make matters事項 even more difficult, it's a very young年輕 planet行星.
45
120000
4000
令事態更加困難的是它一個非常年輕的地球。
02:29
A third第三 of the people on this planet行星 are kids孩子.
46
124000
3000
這個地球上三分之一人口是孩子。
02:32
And those kids孩子 are growing生長 up in a completely全然 different不同 way
47
127000
3000
而那些小孩不管居住在哪裏,
02:35
than their parents父母 did, no matter where they live生活.
48
130000
2000
與他們的父母生長於一個完全不同的模式。
02:37
They've他們已經 been exposed裸露 to this idea理念 of our society社會, of our prosperity繁榮.
49
132000
5000
他們暴露於我們社會的意念,我們的繁榮,
02:42
And they may可能 not want to live生活 exactly究竟 like us.
50
137000
3000
但他們或許不想跟我們生活得一樣。
02:45
They may可能 not want to be Americans美國人, or Brits英國人,
51
140000
2000
他們或許不想當美國人、或是英國人、
02:47
or Germans德國, or South Africans非洲人,
52
142000
2000
或是德國人、或是南非人,
02:49
but they want their own擁有 version
53
144000
2000
但是他們想要
02:51
of a life which哪一個 is more prosperous繁榮, and more dynamic動態,
54
146000
2000
更興旺、更有動力、
02:53
and more, you know, enjoyable其樂融融.
55
148000
2000
更愉快的生活。
02:55
And all of these things combine結合 to create創建
56
150000
3000
所有這些合成了
02:58
an enormous巨大 amount of torque扭矩 on the planet行星.
57
153000
3000
這地球上巨大的扭力。
03:01
And if we cannot不能 figure數字 out a way to deal合同 with that torque扭矩,
58
156000
3000
如果我們不能想出一個處理這扭力的方法,
03:04
we are going to find ourselves我們自己 more and more and more quickly很快
59
159000
4000
我們將會越來越發覺自己
03:08
facing面對 situations情況 which哪一個 are simply只是 unthinkable不可思議的.
60
163000
4000
很快地要面對完全不可思議的情況。
03:12
Everybody每個人 in this room房間 has heard聽說 the worst-case最壞的情況下 scenarios場景.
61
167000
2000
在座的各位都聽過最惡劣的情景。
03:14
I don't need to go into that.
62
169000
2000
我不需要再在這裏提及。
03:16
But I will ask the question, what's the alternative替代?
63
171000
2000
但是我會問,我們有甚麼其他選擇?
03:18
And I would say that, at the moment時刻, the alternative替代 is unimaginable不可思議.
64
173000
5000
而在這一刻我會說, 這個選擇是難以想像。
03:23
You know, so on the one hand we have the unthinkable不可思議的;
65
178000
3000
在一方面,我們有不可思議,
03:26
on the other hand we have the unimaginable不可思議.
66
181000
2000
另一方面,我們有難以想像。
03:28
We don't know yet然而 how to build建立 a society社會
67
183000
3000
我們還不知道如何建立一個
03:31
which哪一個 is environmentally環保 sustainable可持續發展,
68
186000
2000
可持續發展的社會,
03:33
which哪一個 is shareable共享 with everybody每個人 on the planet行星,
69
188000
3000
可與地球上每一個人分享,
03:36
which哪一個 promotes促進 stability穩定性 and democracy民主 and human人的 rights權利,
70
191000
4000
可促進穏定、民主和人權,
03:40
and which哪一個 is achievable實現 in the time-frame大體時間 necessary必要
71
195000
3000
而且可於必要的期限內達到,
03:43
to make it through通過 the challenges挑戰 we face面對.
72
198000
3000
好讓我們渡過面對的挑戰。
03:46
We don't know how to do this yet然而.
73
201000
2000
我們還不知道該怎麼辦。
03:48
So what's WorldchangingWorldchanging?
74
203000
2000
那 Worldchanging 是甚麼?
03:50
Well, WorldchangingWorldchanging you might威力 think of
75
205000
2000
你也許以為 Worldchanging 是一種
03:52
as being存在 a bit of a news新聞 service服務 for the unimaginable不可思議 future未來.
76
207000
5000
為難以想像的將來而設的新聞服務。
03:57
You know, what we're out there doing is looking
77
212000
2000
你知道嗎,我們現正在做的就是尋找
03:59
for examples例子 of tools工具, models楷模 and ideas思路,
78
214000
3000
工具、模式和概念的例子。
04:02
which哪一個, if widely廣泛 adopted採用, would change更改 the game遊戲.
79
217000
4000
如果它們得到廣泛採用,那將會改變一切。
04:06
A lot of times, when I do a talk like this, I talk about things
80
221000
3000
很多時候,當我作一個這樣的演講,
04:09
that everybody每個人 in this room房間 I'm sure has already已經 heard聽說 of,
81
224000
3000
我會談論一些肯定在座各位都聽過的事物,
04:12
but most people haven't沒有.
82
227000
2000
但其實大部份人都未曾聽過。
04:14
So I thought today今天 I'd do something a little different不同,
83
229000
2000
因此今天我想我的做法會有些不同。
04:16
and talk about what we're looking for, rather than saying, you know,
84
231000
3000
我會談論我們在搜尋甚麼,而不是列舉一些
04:19
rather than giving you tried-and-true嘗試和真正的 examples例子.
85
234000
3000
已被試驗及真實的例子。
04:22
Talk about the kinds of things we're scoping作用域 out.
86
237000
2000
我們會談論一些正在研究的東西。
04:24
Give you a little peek窺視 into our editorial社論 notebook筆記本.
87
239000
2000
給你偷看一點我們的編輯記事簿。
04:26
And given特定 that I have 13 minutes分鐘 to do this, this is going to go kind of quick.
88
241000
3000
另因只有十三分鐘,我將會說得很快。
04:29
So, I don't know, just stick with me. Right?
89
244000
2000
因此請盡量跟上,好嗎?
04:31
So, first of all, what are we looking for? Bright Green綠色 city.
90
246000
3000
首先,我們在尋找甚麼呢?艷綠色都市。
04:34
One of the biggest最大 levers槓桿 that we have in the developed發達 world世界
91
249000
3000
在已開發世界中我們所擁有最重要的槓桿
04:37
for changing改變 the impact碰撞 that we have on the planet行星
92
252000
2000
以改善我們對地球造成的影響,
04:39
is changing改變 the way that we live生活 in cities城市.
93
254000
2000
就是改變我們在城市中的生活方式。
04:41
We're already已經 an urban城市的 planet行星;
94
256000
1000
我們已經是一個城市地球,
04:42
that's especially特別 true真正 in the developed發達 world世界.
95
257000
3000
在已開發世界尤是真確。
04:45
And people who live生活 in cities城市 in the developed發達 world世界
96
260000
2000
住在已開發世界城市中的人
04:47
tend趨向 to be very prosperous繁榮, and thus從而 use a lot of stuff東東.
97
262000
2000
多是富庶而消耗大量物品。
04:49
If we can change更改 the dynamic動態,
98
264000
2000
如果我們能夠改變這個動力,
04:51
by first of all creating創建 cities城市 that are denser更密集 and more livable適於居住的 ...
99
266000
3000
首先,創造人口密度更高更適合居住的城市...
04:54
Here, for example, is Vancouver溫哥華, which哪一個 if you haven't沒有 been there,
100
269000
2000
以温哥華為例,如果你從未到過那裏,
04:56
you ought應該 to go for a visit訪問. It's a fabulous極好 city.
101
271000
2000
你應該去看看。它是一個優秀的城市。
04:58
And they are doing density密度, new density密度,
102
273000
2000
他們在推廣人口密度,新的人口密度,
05:00
better than probably大概 anybody任何人 else其他 on the planet行星 right now.
103
275000
2000
比地球上所有人做的更好。
05:02
They're actually其實 managing管理的 to talk North Americans美國人 out of driving主動 cars汽車,
104
277000
3000
他們正設法呼籲北美洲人不再駕駛車輛。
05:05
which哪一個 is a pretty漂亮 great thing.
105
280000
2000
這是一件相當重要的大事。
05:07
So you have density密度. You also have growth發展 management管理.
106
282000
2000
因此你有人口密度,亦有增長管理。
05:09
You leave離開 aside在旁邊 what is natural自然 to be natural自然.
107
284000
3000
其他屬於自然的就讓他自然。
05:12
This is in Portland波特蘭. That is an actual實際 development發展.
108
287000
3000
這是在波特蘭。那是一個實際發展。
05:15
That land土地 there will remain pasture牧場 in perpetuity如履薄冰.
109
290000
2000
那塊土地會永久留為牧地。
05:17
They've他們已經 bounded the city with a line.
110
292000
2000
他們把城市以一線圍繞。
05:19
Nature性質, city. Nothing changes變化.
111
294000
2000
自然、城市。 甚麼都不變。
05:22
Once一旦 you do those things, you can start開始 making製造 all sorts排序 of investments投資.
112
297000
3000
當你那樣做之後,你可以開始做各樣投資。
05:25
You can start開始 doing things like, you know,
113
300000
2000
你可以開始發展,如...
05:27
transit過境 systems系統 that actually其實 work to transport運輸 people,
114
302000
3000
輸送人的運輸系統,
05:30
in effective有效 and reasonably合理 comfortable自在 manners禮貌.
115
305000
3000
有效率及舒適。
05:33
You can also start開始 to change更改 what you build建立.
116
308000
2000
你甚至可以開始修建已興建的事物。
05:35
This is the Beddington貝丁頓 Zero Energy能源 Development發展 in London倫敦,
117
310000
3000
這是倫敦貝丁頓零耗能開發生態社區,
05:38
which哪一個 is one of the greenest環保 buildings房屋 in the world世界. It's a fabulous極好 place地點.
118
313000
3000
是世界上最綠的建築之一。是個美妙的地方。
05:41
We're able能夠 to now build建立 buildings房屋 that generate生成 all their own擁有 electricity電力,
119
316000
3000
我們現在有能力興建自行發電的建築,
05:44
that recycle回收 much of their water,
120
319000
2000
循環利用大部份的水。
05:46
that are much more comfortable自在 than standard標準 buildings房屋,
121
321000
3000
他們比一般建築物更舒適,
05:49
use all-natural全天然 light, etc等等., and, over time, cost成本 less.
122
324000
4000
使用全自然光,而長時間計算花費較少。
05:53
Green綠色 roofs屋頂. Bill法案 McDonough麥克唐納 covered覆蓋 that last night, so I won't慣於 dwell on that too much.
123
328000
4000
綠色屋頂。 威廉.麥唐納昨晚已經說了,因此我不會在這說太多。
05:57
But once一旦 you also have people living活的
124
332000
2000
一旦人互相在
05:59
in close proximity接近 to each other,
125
334000
2000
近距離居住,
06:01
one of the things you can do is --
126
336000
2000
其中一件可做的事就是 ﹣
06:03
as information信息 technologies技術 develop發展 --
127
338000
2000
隨著資訊科技發展 ﹣
06:05
you can start開始 to have smart聰明 places地方.
128
340000
2000
你可以開始發展聰明的地方。
06:07
You can start開始 to know where things are.
129
342000
2000
你可以開始了解事物在哪裏。
06:09
When you know where things are, it becomes easier更輕鬆 to share分享 them.
130
344000
2000
當你知道事物在哪裏,便更容易分享它們。
06:11
When you share分享 them, you end結束 up using運用 less.
131
346000
3000
當你分享它們後,就會減少用量。
06:14
So one great example is car-share汽車共享 clubs會所,
132
349000
2000
一個了不起的例子是車輛分享俱樂部。
06:16
which哪一個 are really starting開始 to take off in the U.S.,
133
351000
2000
它現正開始在美國受歡迎。
06:18
have already已經 taken採取 off in many許多 places地方 in Europe歐洲, and are a great example.
134
353000
3000
在許多歐洲國家已經存在。是個很好的例子。
06:21
If you're somebody who drives驅動器, you know, one day a week,
135
356000
2000
如果你一星期只開一天車,
06:23
do you really need your own擁有 car汽車?
136
358000
2000
你真的需要擁有一台車子嗎?
06:26
Another另一個 thing that information信息 technology技術 lets讓我們 us do
137
361000
2000
資訊科技可讓我們做的另一件事
06:28
is start開始 figuring盤算 out how to use less stuff東東
138
363000
2000
是藉由了解及監測我們實際的用量,
06:30
by knowing會心, and by monitoring監控, the amount we're actually其實 using運用.
139
365000
5000
去找出如何使用較少物料的方法。
06:35
So, here's這裡的 a power功率 cord which哪一個 glows光暈 brighter光明 the more energy能源 that you use,
140
370000
3000
當我們用的能源越多,這電線會變得更亮。
06:38
which哪一個 I think is a pretty漂亮 cool concept概念,
141
373000
2000
我覺得這是一個很棒的概念。
06:40
although雖然 I think it ought應該 to work the other way around,
142
375000
2000
雖然我認為它可以反過來
06:42
that it gets得到 brighter光明 the more you don't use.
143
377000
3000
當你不用它時,它可更光亮。
06:45
But, you know, there may可能 even be a simpler簡單 approach途徑.
144
380000
2000
但或許有另一個更簡易的方法。
06:47
We could just re-label重新標籤 things.
145
382000
2000
我們可以把物件重新標示。
06:49
This light switch開關 that reads, on the one hand, flashfloods暴洪,
146
384000
2000
照明燈的開關一邊寫著「山洪暴發」,
06:51
and on the other hand, off.
147
386000
2000
另一邊寫著「關閉」。
06:53
How we build建立 things can change更改 as well.
148
388000
2000
我們亦可以變更如何造物。
06:55
This is a bio-morphic生物的Morphic building建造.
149
390000
2000
這是一座擬生物形態的大廈。
06:57
It takes its inspiration靈感 in form形成 from life.
150
392000
4000
它從生物的形態得到啟發而造成。
07:01
Many許多 of these buildings房屋 are incredibly令人難以置信 beautiful美麗,
151
396000
2000
許多這類建築都是難以置信地美麗,
07:03
and also much more effective有效.
152
398000
2000
同時亦屬非常高效能。
07:06
This is an example of bio-mimicry生物擬態,
153
401000
2000
這是一個模仿生物的例子,
07:08
which哪一個 is something we're really starting開始 to look a lot more for.
154
403000
2000
亦是一些我們開始多留意的範疇。
07:10
In this case案件, you have a shell貝殼 design設計
155
405000
2000
在這個例子中,這個貝殼設計
07:12
which哪一個 was used to create創建 a new kind of exhaust排氣 fan風扇, which哪一個 is greatly非常 more effective有效.
156
407000
4000
用以造出一個新款排氣扇,它有更高的效能。
07:16
There's a lot of this stuff東東 happening事件; it's really pretty漂亮 remarkable卓越.
157
411000
3000
現有很多類似的東西出現,真正是相當卓越。
07:20
I encourage鼓勵 you to look on WorldchangingWorldchanging if you're into it.
158
415000
2000
如果你喜歡這類事物,我鼓勵你們多到 Worldchanging 瀏覽。
07:22
We're starting開始 to cover this more and more.
159
417000
2000
我們會報導越來越多這類事物。
07:24
There's also neo-biological新生物 design設計,
160
419000
2000
這也是一個近代生物設計
07:26
where more and more we're actually其實 using運用 life itself本身
161
421000
2000
實際上利用越來越多生物本身
07:28
and the processes流程 of life to become成為 part部分 of our industry行業.
162
423000
3000
或生命的過程於我們的工業上。
07:31
So this, for example, is hydrogen-generating氫氣產生 algae藻類.
163
426000
3000
如這個例子,是一種可產生氫氣的海藻。
07:34
So we have a model模型 in potential潛在, an emerging新興 model模型 that we're looking for
164
429000
4000
所以我們有一個有潛力的模式,我們正在尋找的一個新浮現的模式
07:38
of how to take the cities城市 most of us live生活 in,
165
433000
3000
可用於我們居住的城市,
07:41
and turn them into Bright Green綠色 cities城市.
166
436000
2000
而把這些城市變成艷綠色都市。
07:43
But unfortunately不幸, most of the people on the planet行星 don't live生活 in the cites引用 we live生活 in.
167
438000
5000
但不幸地,地球上大多數的人都不居住在我們居住的城市。
07:48
They live生活 in the emerging新興 megacities特大城市 of the developing發展 world世界.
168
443000
3000
他們住在發展中國家湧現的大城市。
07:51
And there's a statistic統計 I often經常 like to use,
169
446000
2000
有一個我經常喜歡使用的統計數字,
07:53
which哪一個 is that we're adding加入 a city of Seattle西雅圖 every一切 four days,
170
448000
3000
就是我們每四天便增加一個西雅圖市。
07:56
a city the size尺寸 of Seattle西雅圖 to the planet行星 every一切 four days.
171
451000
3000
每四天這地球便有一個西雅圖般大小的城市。
07:59
I was giving a talk about two months個月 ago,
172
454000
2000
約兩個月前我發表了一個演講。
08:01
and this guy, who'd誰願意 doneDONE some work with the U.N., came來了 up to me
173
456000
2000
有一位曾與聯合國工作的男士前來找我
08:03
and was really flustered, and he said, look,
174
458000
2000
緊張地跟我說:「聽著,
08:05
you've got that totally完全 wrong錯誤; it's totally完全 wrong錯誤.
175
460000
2000
你弄錯了,全是錯了。
08:07
It's every一切 seven days.
176
462000
2000
應該是每七天才對。」
08:10
So, we're adding加入 a city the size尺寸 of Seattle西雅圖 every一切 seven days,
177
465000
3000
那我們每七天增加一個西雅圖般大小的城市,
08:13
and most of those cities城市 look more like this than the city that you or I live生活 in.
178
468000
4000
而大部份都像這樣而非像你和我居住的城市。
08:17
Most of those cites引用 are growing生長 incredibly令人難以置信 quickly很快.
179
472000
3000
大部份那些城市都在迅速增長。
08:20
They don't have existing現有 infrastructure基礎設施;
180
475000
2000
他們沒有基礎設施。
08:22
they have enormous巨大 numbers數字 of people who are struggling奮鬥的 with poverty貧窮,
181
477000
3000
他們有大量人民在貧窮中掙扎,
08:25
and enormous巨大 numbers數字 of people are trying to figure數字 out
182
480000
2000
並且有大量人民在想辦法
08:27
how to do things in new ways方法.
183
482000
2000
如何可以用新的方法做事。
08:29
So what do we need in order訂購 to make developing發展 nation國家
184
484000
4000
我們需要些甚麼才能把發展中國家的
08:33
megacities特大城市 into Bright Green綠色 megacities特大城市?
185
488000
3000
大城市變成艷綠色大都市呢?
08:36
Well, the first thing we need is, we need leapfrogging跳躍式.
186
491000
3000
我們需要的第一東西就是我們需要躍進。
08:39
And this is one of the things that we are looking for everywhere到處.
187
494000
3000
這是我們到處搜尋的其中一件現象。
08:42
The idea理念 behind背後 leapfrogging跳躍式 is that
188
497000
2000
躍進背後的概念是
08:44
if you are a person, or a country國家, who is stuck卡住 in a situation情況
189
499000
3000
如果你是一個人,或一個國家,因你沒有所需
08:47
where you don't have the tools工具 and technologies技術 that you need,
190
502000
3000
的工具和技術而處於停滯不前的情況,
08:50
there's no reason原因 for you to invest投資 in last generation's一代 technologies技術. Right?
191
505000
6000
你沒理由投資上一代的科技,對嗎?
08:56
That you're much better off, almost幾乎 universally舉世,
192
511000
2000
幾乎普遍地說,你最好還是
08:58
looking for a low-cost低成本 or locally本地 applicable適用 version of the newest最新 technology技術.
193
513000
5000
尋找一些低成本或適合當地採用的新科技。
09:03
One place地點 we're all familiar with seeing眼看 this is with cell細胞 phones手機. Right?
194
518000
4000
一個可見之處在於我們都熟悉的行動電話。
09:07
All throughout始終 the developing發展 world世界, people are going directly to cell細胞 phones手機,
195
522000
4000
所有發展中世界,人們都直接使用行動電話,
09:11
skipping跳繩 the whole整個 landline座機 stage階段.
196
526000
2000
跳過有線網絡的階段。
09:13
If there are landlines固定電話 in many許多 developing發展 world世界 cities城市,
197
528000
2000
如果在許多發展中世界城市有有線網絡的話,
09:15
they're usually平時 pretty漂亮 crappy蹩腳的 systems系統 that break打破 down a lot
198
530000
3000
它們通常是常當機的低劣系統,
09:18
and cost成本 enormous巨大 amounts of money.
199
533000
2000
並且非常昂貴。
09:20
So I rather like this picture圖片 here.
200
535000
2000
所以我頗喜歡這張圖片。
09:22
I particularly尤其 like the GaneshGanesh神 in the background背景, talking on the cell細胞 phone電話.
201
537000
4000
我特別喜歡背景中的象頭神,拿著手機談話。
09:26
So what we have, increasingly日益, is cell細胞 phones手機 just permeating滲透 out through通過 society社會.
202
541000
4000
所以行動電話滲入社會的情況日增。
09:30
We've我們已經 heard聽說 all about this here this week,
203
545000
2000
我們這個星期裏聽過不少,
09:32
so I won't慣於 say too much more than that, other than to say
204
547000
2000
因此我在這裏不說太多,除了要說
09:34
what is true真正 for cell細胞 phones手機 is true真正 for all sorts排序 of technologies技術.
205
549000
5000
行動電話表現的現象,也出現在任何科技。
09:39
The second第二 thing is tools工具 for collaboration合作,
206
554000
3000
第二件事是合作工具,
09:42
be they systems系統 of collaboration合作, or intellectual知識分子 property屬性 systems系統
207
557000
3000
無論是合作系统本身或是
09:45
which哪一個 encourage鼓勵 collaboration合作. Right?
208
560000
2000
促進合作的知識產權系統。
09:47
When you have free自由 ability能力 for people to freely自如 work together一起 and innovate創新,
209
562000
4000
當你有自主權去讓人們自由地合作和創新,
09:51
you get different不同 kinds of solutions解決方案.
210
566000
2000
你便會得到不同的解決方案。
09:53
And those solutions解決方案 are accessible無障礙 in a different不同 way
211
568000
3000
而沒有資本的人可用一個不同途徑
09:56
to people who don't have capital首都. Right?
212
571000
2000
得到那些解決方案。是不是?
09:58
So, you know, we have open打開 source資源 software軟件,
213
573000
3000
我們有開源軟件,
10:01
we have Creative創作的 Commons下議院 and other kinds of CopyleftCopyleft的 solutions解決方案.
214
576000
5000
我們有創用 CC 和其他 Copyleft 解決方案。
10:06
And those things lead to things like this.
215
581000
2000
而那些事情便引導出這樣的東西。
10:08
This is a TelecentroTelecentro in Sao聖保羅 Paulo聖保羅.
216
583000
3000
這是聖保羅的 Telecentro
10:11
This is a pretty漂亮 remarkable卓越 program程序
217
586000
2000
這是一個很出眾的計劃,
10:13
using運用 free自由 and open打開 source資源 software軟件, cheap低廉, sort分類 of hacked-together砍死在一起 machines,
218
588000
4000
利用免費和開源軟件,把便宜機器嵌在一起,
10:17
and basically基本上 sort分類 of abandoned buildings房屋 --
219
592000
3000
還有基本上一些被棄置的大廈,
10:20
has put together一起 a bunch of community社區 centers中心
220
595000
2000
而造成了一連串社區中心
10:22
where people can come in, get high-speed高速 internet互聯網 access訪問,
221
597000
3000
讓人們到來使用高速網絡
10:25
learn學習 computer電腦 programming程序設計 skills技能 for free自由.
222
600000
3000
和免費學習編寫電腦程式技能。
10:29
And a quarter-million25萬 people every一切 year use these now in Sao聖保羅 Paulo聖保羅.
223
604000
3000
現在在聖保羅每年約有廿五萬人使用這設施。
10:33
And those quarter-million25萬 people are some of the poorest最窮 people in Sao聖保羅 Paolo保羅.
224
608000
3000
而這廿五萬人正是聖保羅中一些最窮困的人。
10:36
I particularly尤其 like the little LinuxLinux的 penguin企鵝 in the back. (Laughter笑聲)
225
611000
3000
我特別喜歡這背景的Linux小企鵝。
10:40
So one of the things that that's leading領導 to is a sort分類 of southern南部的 cultural文化 explosion爆炸.
226
615000
5000
那亦引發了另一件事,就是南部的文化爆破。
10:45
And one of the things we're really, really interested有興趣 in at WorldchangingWorldchanging
227
620000
3000
其中一樣 Worldchanging 最有興趣的事
10:48
is the ways方法 in which哪一個 the south is re-identifying重新識別 itself本身,
228
623000
4000
就是南方如何重新自我界定,
10:52
and re-categorizing重新歸類 itself本身 in ways方法
229
627000
3000
用越來越與眾不同的方法
10:55
that have less and less to do with most of us in this room房間.
230
630000
3000
重新自我分類。
10:58
So it's not, you know, Bollywood寶萊塢 isn't just answering回答 Hollywood好萊塢. Right?
231
633000
5000
所以寶萊塢並不只是對荷里活(好萊塢)回應。
11:03
You know, Brazilian巴西人 music音樂 scene現場 isn't just answering回答 the major重大的 labels標籤.
232
638000
3000
巴西音樂市場並非對主要唱片製作商的回應。
11:06
It's doing something new. There's new things happening事件.
233
641000
3000
他們是在創作。新的事物在發生,
11:09
There's interplay相互作用 between之間 them. And, you know, you get amazing驚人 things.
234
644000
3000
有著相互作用。你會得到令人驚訝的收獲。
11:12
Like, I don't know if any of you have seen看到 the movie電影 "City of God?"
235
647000
3000
不知道有多少人曾看過電影「無主之城」?
11:15
Yeah, it's a fabulous極好 movie電影 if you haven't沒有 seen看到 it.
236
650000
3000
如果你沒有看過,它是一部很好的電影。
11:18
And it's all about this question, in a very artistic藝術的 and indirect間接 kind of way.
237
653000
3000
它正是以藝術性和間接手法談論這些問題。
11:21
You have other radical激進 examples例子
238
656000
2000
另有其他根本的例子
11:23
where the ability能力 to use cultural文化 tools工具 is spreading傳播 out.
239
658000
3000
討論使用文化工具的能力正漸漸擴散,
11:26
These are people who have just been visited參觀 by
240
661000
2000
這些人才剛被烏干達
11:28
the Internet互聯網 bookmobile流動圖書館 in Uganda烏干達.
241
663000
2000
網路行動圖書館的人造訪
11:30
And who are waving揮手 their first books圖書 in the air空氣,
242
665000
2000
並正於空中揚著他們的第一本書。
11:32
which哪一個, I just think that's a pretty漂亮 cool picture圖片. You know?
243
667000
3000
在我來看這是一幅很棒的相片。
11:35
So you also have the ability能力 for people to start開始 coming未來 together一起
244
670000
4000
另外,人們亦有能力
11:39
and acting演戲 on their own擁有 behalf代表 in political政治 and civic公民 ways方法,
245
674000
5000
為自己的政治及自治組織起來,
11:45
in ways方法 that haven't沒有 happened發生 before.
246
680000
3000
用從來都未曾試過的方式。
11:48
And as we heard聽說 last night, as we've我們已經 heard聽說 earlier this week,
247
683000
2000
正如我們昨晚聽到的,正如這星期聽到的,
11:50
are absolutely絕對, fundamentally從根本上 vital重要 to the ability能力 to craft手藝 new solutions解決方案,
248
685000
6000
都是對劃出新解決方案的能力有絕對和基本的重要性。
11:56
is we've我們已經 got to craft手藝 new political政治 realities現實.
249
691000
3000
我們有需要塑造新的政治現實。
11:59
And I would personally親自 say that we have to craft手藝 new political政治 realities現實,
250
694000
4000
我個人認為我們需要塑造新的政治現實,
12:03
not only in places地方 like India印度, Afghanistan阿富汗, Kenya肯尼亞, Pakistan巴基斯坦,
251
698000
5000
不單在印度、阿富汗、肯亞、巴基斯坦等地,
12:08
what have you, but here at home as well.
252
703000
2000
但在這裏也有需要。
12:10
Another另一個 world世界 is possible可能.
253
705000
2000
另一個世界是有可能的。
12:12
And sort分類 of the big motto座右銘 of the anti-globalization反全球化 movement運動. Right?
254
707000
4000
像是一個反全球化運動的大座右銘。
12:16
We tweak that a lot.
255
711000
2000
我們常作調整。
12:18
We talk about how another另一個 world世界 isn't just possible可能; another另一個 world's世界 here.
256
713000
3000
我們談及另一個世界不單是有可能,其實它已在此。
12:21
That it's not just that we have to sort分類 of imagine想像
257
716000
2000
這不單是我們要想像
12:23
there being存在 a different不同, vague模糊 possibility可能性 out there,
258
718000
4000
一個不同或隱約的可能性出現,
12:27
but we need to start開始 acting演戲 a little bit more on that possibility可能性.
259
722000
4000
而是我們需要為那個可能性開始作點行動。
12:31
We need to start開始 doing things like Lula盧拉, President主席 of Brazil巴西.
260
726000
3000
我們要開始像巴西總統魯拉般做點事。
12:34
How many許多 people knew知道 of Lula盧拉 before today今天?
261
729000
3000
有多少人在今天之前認識魯拉?
12:37
OK, so, much, much better than the average平均 crowd人群, I can tell you that.
262
732000
4000
好,我可以告訴你,比一般的羣眾都好。
12:41
So Lula盧拉, he's full充分 of problems問題, full充分 of contradictions矛盾,
263
736000
2000
魯拉 ﹣他有很多問題,很多矛盾。
12:43
but one of the things that he's doing is,
264
738000
2000
但他正在做的是
12:45
he is putting forward前鋒 an idea理念 of how we engage從事 in international國際 relations關係 that
265
740000
6000
推出一個意念 ﹣如何參與國際關係
12:51
completely全然 shifts轉變 the balance平衡 from the standard標準 sort分類 of north-south南北 dialogue對話
266
746000
6000
完全由一個標準南北對話的平衡
12:57
into a whole整個 new way of global全球 collaboration合作.
267
752000
4000
轉移至一個新的全球性合作模式。
13:01
I would keep your eye on this fellow同伴.
268
756000
2000
我會建議你密切注意他。
13:04
Another另一個 example of this sort分類 of second第二 superpower超級大國 thing
269
759000
3000
另一個同類的第二超級大國事件例子是
13:07
is the rise上升 of these games遊戲 that are what we call "serious嚴重 play."
270
762000
4000
我們所謂嚴肅扮演的新興遊戲。
13:11
We're looking a lot at this. This is spreading傳播 everywhere到處.
271
766000
2000
我們都對這作很多研究。這個已傳遍各地。
13:13
This is from "A Force More Powerful強大." It's a little screenshot截圖.
272
768000
3000
這來自「更強大的力量」。它是一張小截圖。
13:16
"A Force More Powerful強大" is a video視頻 game遊戲 that,
273
771000
2000
「更強大的力量」是一個電子遊戲。
13:18
while you're playing播放 it, it teaches you how to engage從事
274
773000
3000
當你玩的時候,它會教你如何
13:21
in non-violent非暴力 insurrection起義 and regime政權 change更改. (Laughter笑聲)
275
776000
2000
作出非暴力造反和政權變動。
13:23
Here's這裡的 another另一個 one. This is from a game遊戲 called "Food餐飲 Force,"
276
778000
3000
這是另一個遊戲。由「糧食力量」節錄出來。
13:26
which哪一個 is a game遊戲 that teaches children孩子 how to run a refugee難民 camp.
277
781000
3000
這個遊戲教導小朋友如何運作一個難民營。
13:30
These things are all contributing貢獻 in a very dynamic動態 way
278
785000
4000
特別在發展中世界,
13:34
to a huge巨大 rise上升 in, especially特別 in the developing發展 world世界,
279
789000
5000
這一切交互作用大大提升了
13:39
in people's人們 interest利益 in and passion for democracy民主.
280
794000
3000
人們對民主的興趣及熱誠。
13:42
We get so little news新聞 about the developing發展 world世界
281
797000
3000
我們有那麼少發展中世界的消息
13:45
that we often經常 forget忘記 that there are literally按照字面
282
800000
4000
以致我們忘記事實上
13:49
millions百萬 of people out there struggling奮鬥的 to change更改 things
283
804000
2000
有數百萬人正為要把事情改變得
13:51
to be fairer更公平, freer自由, more democratic民主的, less corrupt腐敗.
284
806000
4000
更公正、自由、更民主、少腐敗而在掙扎。
13:55
And, you know, we don't hear those stories故事 enough足夠.
285
810000
2000
你知道嗎,那些故事我們還沒有聽得足夠,
13:57
But it's happening事件 all over the place地點,
286
812000
2000
但這些事情到處皆是。
13:59
and these tools工具 are part部分 of what's making製造 it possible可能.
287
814000
2000
而這些工具就是令事情可以發生的一部份。
14:01
Now when you add all those things together一起,
288
816000
2000
當你把這一切加起來,
14:03
when you add together一起 leapfrogging跳躍式 and new kinds of tools工具,
289
818000
2000
當你加上躍進和新的工具,
14:05
you know, second第二 superpower超級大國 stuff東東, etc等等., what do you get?
290
820000
4000
第二超級大國等等之東西,你會得到甚麼?
14:09
Well, very quickly很快, you get a Bright Green綠色 future未來 for the developing發展 world世界.
291
824000
4000
很快地,你會為發展中世界得到艷綠色未來。
14:13
You get, for example, green綠色 power功率 spread傳播 throughout始終 the world世界.
292
828000
4000
如綠色能源傳遍全球。
14:17
You get -- this is a building建造 in Hyderabad海得拉巴, India印度.
293
832000
2000
你會得到如在印度海得拉巴的一座建築物。
14:19
It's the greenest環保 building建造 in the world世界.
294
834000
2000
它是世界上最環保的建築物。
14:21
You get grassroots基層 solutions解決方案, things that work
295
836000
2000
你會得到最基層的解決方案,為一些
14:23
for people who have no capital首都 or limited有限 access訪問.
296
838000
2000
沒有資金和只有有限度接觸的人都可行的方法。
14:25
You get barefoot赤腳 solar太陽能 engineers工程師 carrying攜帶 solar太陽能 panels面板 into the remote遠程 mountains.
297
840000
4000
你會有赤腳太陽能工程師拿著太陽能板到遙遠的山區。
14:29
You get access訪問 to distance距離 medicine醫學.
298
844000
2000
你可得到遙遠的醫療支援。
14:31
These are Indian印度人 nurses護士 learning學習 how to use PDAs掌上電腦
299
846000
3000
這是一些印度護士在學習使用PDA
14:34
to access訪問 databases數據庫 that have information信息
300
849000
2000
到數據庫拿取一些
14:36
that they don't have access訪問 to at home in a distant遙遠 manner方式.
301
851000
3000
在家中無法遠距取得的資料。
14:39
You get new tools工具 for people in the developing發展 world世界.
302
854000
3000
為發展中世界你會得到新的工具。
14:42
These are LED lights燈火 that help the roughly大致 billion十億 people out there,
303
857000
4000
這些發光二極體照明燈可幫助大約一億人。
14:46
for whom nightfall黃昏 means手段 darkness黑暗,
304
861000
2000
為那些日落後便完全漆黑的人們
14:48
to have a new means手段 of operating操作.
305
863000
2000
增添運作的新方法。
14:50
These are refrigerators冰箱 that require要求 no electricity電力;
306
865000
3000
這些雪櫃不需要電源。
14:53
they're pot within a pot design設計.
307
868000
2000
他們都是壺中壺的設計。
14:55
And you get water solutions解決方案. Water's水的 one of the most pressing緊迫 problems問題.
308
870000
3000
你又會得到飲水的解決方案。水是最要緊的問題之一。
14:58
Here's這裡的 a design設計 for harvesting收穫 rainwater雨水 that's super cheap低廉
309
873000
2000
這是一個極便宜收成雨水的設計,
15:00
and available可得到 to people in the developing發展 world世界.
310
875000
2000
而發展中世界的人民都可以取得。
15:02
Here's這裡的 a design設計 for distilling蒸餾 water using運用 sunlight陽光.
311
877000
4000
這是一個用陽光蒸餾水的設計。
15:07
Here's這裡的 a fog-catcher霧捕手, which哪一個, if you live生活 in a moist, jungle-like叢林般的 area,
312
882000
5000
如過你住在一個森林似的潮濕地區,這捉霧器
15:12
will distill蒸餾 water from the air空氣 that's clean清潔 and drinkable飲用.
313
887000
3000
可以由空氣中蒸餾清潔和可飲用的水。
15:15
Here's這裡的 a way of transporting傳輸 water.
314
890000
2000
這是一個運輸水的方法。
15:17
I just love this, you know -- I mean carrying攜帶 water is such這樣 a drag拖動,
315
892000
3000
我很愛這個。運水是一件很困難的事。
15:20
and somebody just came來了 up with the idea理念 of well, what if you rolled熱軋 it. Right?
316
895000
3000
有人就發明了一個意念把它在地上滾動。
15:23
I mean, that's a great design設計.
317
898000
2000
看,這是一個很棒的設計。
15:25
This is a fabulous極好 invention發明, LifeStraw生命吸管.
318
900000
3000
生命吸管 ﹣是一個很了不起的發明。
15:28
Basically基本上 you can suck吮吸 any water through通過 this
319
903000
3000
基本上你可以透過這吸管抽入任何水,
15:31
and it will become成為 drinkable飲用 by the time it hits點擊 your lips嘴唇.
320
906000
3000
當水到你的唇邊的時候便是可以飲用。
15:34
So, you know, people who are in desperate殊死 straits海峽 can get this.
321
909000
3000
所以,在污染水道附近的居民便可以用這。
15:37
This is one of my favorite喜愛 WorldchangingWorldchanging kinds of things ever.
322
912000
3000
這是我最喜愛的 Worldchanging 東西之一。
15:40
This is a merry-go-round旋轉木馬輪 invented發明 by the company公司 Roundabout迂迴,
323
915000
3000
由一間公司 Roundabout 發明的旋轉木馬。
15:43
which哪一個 pumps water as kids孩子 play. You know?
324
918000
4000
當小朋友在玩耍的時候,它會泵水。
15:48
Seriously認真地 -- give that one a hand, it's pretty漂亮 great.
325
923000
3000
真的。給它一個鼓掌。它是一個好主意。
15:51
And the same相同 thing is true真正 for people who are in absolute絕對 crisis危機. Right?
326
926000
4000
同樣的事情可以發生在身處於絕對危機的人。
15:55
We're expecting期待 to have upwards向上 of 200 million百萬 refugees難民 by the year 2020
327
930000
4000
由於氣候轉變及政治不穩定,
15:59
because of climate氣候 change更改 and political政治 instability不穩定.
328
934000
2000
我們預算難民數字會於2020年上升二億人。
16:01
How do we help people like that?
329
936000
2000
我們怎樣可以幫助這些人呢?
16:03
Well, there's all sorts排序 of amazing驚人 new humanitarian人道主義 designs設計
330
938000
2000
現在有多款驚人的新人道主義設計
16:05
that are being存在 developed發達 in collaborative共同 ways方法 all across橫過 the planet行星.
331
940000
3000
正在地球不同地方聯手研發中。
16:08
Some of those designs設計 include包括 models楷模 for acting演戲,
332
943000
3000
有些設計包括行動模式,
16:11
such這樣 as new models楷模 for village instruction指令 in the middle中間 of refugee難民 camps營地.
333
946000
3000
例如在難民營中使用新的村落指示模式,
16:14
New models楷模 for pedagogy教育學 for the displaced流離失所.
334
949000
3000
對於那流離失所的是新的模式。
16:17
And we have new tools工具.
335
952000
2000
同時我們亦有新的工具。
16:19
This is one of my absolute絕對 favorite喜愛 things anywhere隨地.
336
954000
2000
這是我其中一個無論到那裏都是絕對至愛的。
16:21
Does anyone任何人 know what this is?
337
956000
2000
有人知道這是甚麼嗎?
16:23
Audience聽眾: It detects檢測 landmines地雷.
338
958000
1000
觀眾:他能探測地雷。
16:24
Alex亞歷克斯 Steffen斯特芬: Exactly究竟, this is a landmine-detecting地雷探測 flower.
339
959000
3000
無錯,這是一種探測地雷的花。
16:28
If you are living活的 in one of the places地方
340
963000
2000
如果你住在那些佈以約千萬計
16:30
where the roughly大致 half-billion半十億 unaccounted下落不明 for mines礦山 are scattered疏散,
341
965000
3000
地點不詳的地雷的地方,
16:33
you can fling一扔 these seeds種子 out into the field領域.
342
968000
3000
你可以在野外撒下種子。
16:36
And as they grow增長 up, they will grow增長 up around the mines礦山,
343
971000
4000
當他們長大時,他們會在地雷附近生長。
16:40
their roots will detect檢測 the chemicals化學製品 in them,
344
975000
3000
這些植物的根會探測到地雷的化學物。
16:43
and where the flowers花卉 turn red you don't step.
345
978000
3000
當花變成紅色你便不要走到那裏。
16:48
Yeah, so seeds種子 that could save保存 your life. You know?
346
983000
4000
是的,種子會拯救你的生命。
16:52
(Applause掌聲)
347
987000
1000
(掌聲)
16:53
I also love it because it seems似乎 to me
348
988000
2000
我也喜愛這個方法的原因是
16:55
that the example, the tools工具 we use to change更改 the world世界,
349
990000
6000
這個例子 ﹣我們用作改變世界的工具 ﹣
17:01
ought應該 to be beautiful美麗 in themselves他們自己.
350
996000
3000
他們自身應該是美麗的。
17:04
You know, that it's not just enough足夠 to survive生存.
351
999000
2000
單單生存是不足夠。
17:06
We've我們已經 got to make something better than what we've我們已經 got.
352
1001000
3000
我們必須要把有的變得更好。
17:10
And I think that we will.
353
1005000
2000
而我相信我們會做到。
17:13
Just to wrap up, in the immortal不朽 words of H.G. Wells韋爾斯,
354
1008000
3000
以赫伯特.喬治.威爾斯不朽之詞作為結尾,
17:16
I think that better things are on the way.
355
1011000
2000
我認為更好的正在途中。
17:18
I think that, in fact事實, that "all of the past過去 is but the beginning開始 of a beginning開始.
356
1013000
4000
我認為:「所有的過去其實是開始的起點。
17:22
All that the human人的 mind心神 has accomplished完成
357
1017000
2000
所有人類思想做到的
17:24
is but the dream夢想 before the awakening喚醒."
358
1019000
2000
其實是喚醒前的夢想。」
17:26
I hope希望 that that turns out to be true真正.
359
1021000
3000
我希望最後那會變成真實。
17:29
The people in this room房間 have given特定 me more confidence置信度 than ever that it will.
360
1024000
3000
所有在座的人都給予了我前所未有的信心。
17:32
Thank you very much.
361
1027000
1000
多謝各位。
17:33
(Applause掌聲)
362
1028000
2000
(掌聲)
Translated by Peggy Ling
Reviewed by En-ling Lu

▲Back to top

ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Alex Steffen - Planetary futurist
Alex Steffen explores our planet's future, telling powerful, inspiring stories about the hard choices facing humanity ... and our opportunity to create a much better tomorrow.

Why you should listen

Do you ever wonder whether we should be optimistic or pessimistic about the future? If you want more reasons to think things may still turn out for the better, Alex Steffen's your man. He doesn't downplay the scope and scale of the problems we face. Instead, he shows that we have the tools within our grasp for meeting those massive challenges, if we have the will to use them.

This isn't just hopeful thinking, either. Steffen uses real-world examples and big-picture research to show us that a brighter, greener future is ours to choose, and his work has earned him the ear of leading cities, corporations and philanthropic foundations. As the New York Times said a recent profile, "Alex Steffen lays out the blueprint for a successful century."

After working as a journalist on four continents, Steffen co-founded and ran the online magazine Worldchanging.com from 2003-2010. In those seven years, he made Worldchanging one of the world's leading sustainability-related publications with an archive of almost 12,000 articles and a large global audience. He also edited an internationally best-selling book surveying innovative solutions to the planet's most pressing problems: Worldchanging: A User's Guide for the 21st Century. 

His most recent work is Carbon Zero, a book describing cities that create prosperity not climate change, accelerating their economies while reducing their climate emissions to zero. He is now at work on a new book and a television project. "The big open secret about sustainability work," he recently told Design Observer magazine, 'is not how bad things are. It is how good things can get."

More profile about the speaker
Alex Steffen | Speaker | TED.com