Mike Gil: Could fish social networks help us save coral reefs?
マイク・ギル: 魚の社会生活はサンゴ礁保全の鍵となるのか?
TED Fellow Mike Gil conducts field experiments and builds mathematical models to understand how marine ecosystems function. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
by life under the sea?
魅力を感じる人は?
何をしたのでしょうか?
of an individual raising a hand
単純な行動がきっかけで
同じことをしたわけです
in a social network
個人同士には
得をすることがよくあります
like the cool kids made you "cool."
自分も「イケてる」つもりになったり
is also common in wild animals.
野生動物にもよく見られます
copy the alarm calls of other birds
他の鳥の警戒声を真似ます
about approaching predators.
周りに知らせるためです
模倣行動が
that we humans depend on?
影響することはあるのでしょうか?
while studying coral reefs,
この疑問に行き着きました
through fisheries and tourism
みんなの生活を支えています
そして世界中で です
魚に依存しています
by eating algae.
重要な役割を果たしています
and take over entire coral reefs,
サンゴ礁全体を占拠してしまうからです
or impossible to reverse.
元に戻すのは難しく むしろ不可能です
how fish may prevent this,
これを防ぐのかを理解するべく
露出した場所だと
exposed to predators,
サンゴ礁の魚たちにとって
how these fish do their job
魚たちがとる行動を
put massive video camera stands
巨大なカメラスタンドを
採食地全体を
and precise movements
細かい動きが
thousands of fish movements
採食地を往復する際の動きを
見つかりました
from different species
様々な種類が入り混じり
these dangerous feeding grounds
一匹の魚の行動に
あったわけです
and ate more algae
周りに多ければ多いほど
by more feeding fish.
採食量も増えました
by individual fish
単純な動きからでさえ
vital information.
伝わることもあるからです
sees a predator and flees,
天敵を目にして 逃げただけで
危険が伝わりうるのです
can show others that the coast is clear.
そこが安全地帯だと他の魚にも伝わります
these fish are different species,
異なっていたとしても
繋がっていて
on when it's safe to eat.
情報が得られるのです
copying other fish in their social network
魚たちの採食量のうち60%以上が
of the algae eaten by the fish community,
模倣行動に因るという可能性が示され
to the flow of energy and resources
エネルギーと資源の流れを左右する—
that overfishing,
魚の乱獲という
the social network of remaining fish,
分断を起こした場合
隠れがちになり
critical information.
恐れがあることも示しています
more vulnerable than we currently predict.
いっそう脆弱になってしまいます
魚の社会的ネットワークは驚異的です
影響を与えうるからです
points us towards better ways
サンゴ礁をもっと持続的に
by the actions of other humans,
行動に影響されるだけでなく
by the actions of individual fish
影響を受けていることも分かります
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mike Gil - Marine biologistTED Fellow Mike Gil conducts field experiments and builds mathematical models to understand how marine ecosystems function.
Why you should listen
Marine biologist, National Geographic Explorer and TED Fellow Mike Gil conducts field experiments and builds mathematical models to understand how marine ecosystems function. This understanding, he says, is crucial for humankind to build a sustainable future. Gil has led research around the world: from coral reefs in the Caribbean, French Polynesia and Southeast Asia, to "microislands" of plastic garbage, teeming with life, in the middle of the Pacific. Currently, Gil uses novel multi-camera systems in the field combined with computer vision technology to explore, at an unprecedented scale and resolution, how coral reef fish behave, socialize and affect entire coral reef ecosystems. Gil's scientific discoveries and his often unorthodox approaches have garnered significant national and international media attention.
In addition to being a National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the University of California, Davis, Gil is also an avid and award-winning science communicator. As a self-described "science-hater turned scientist" from humble beginnings, he is passionate about diversity and inclusion in STEM fields. To this end, Gil founded and runs the nonprofit SciAll.org, which uses free online videos to bring mass public audiences along for the adventures that come with a career in science. Through his research and outreach, Gil aims to deliver a timely message to humanity: science is exhilarating, accessible and in the service of all.
Mike Gil | Speaker | TED.com