David Gallo: Deep ocean mysteries and wonders
A pioneer in ocean exploration, David Gallo is an enthusiastic ambassador between the sea and those of us on dry land. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
وأنا أعاني من اضطراب نقص الانتباه
in school with ADD,
وقد كان من الصعب أن أركز
tough to pay attention --
chemistry -- really tough for me.
والكيمياء. كان هذا صعباً بالنسبة لي.
you'll see that Earth is mostly water.
--هذا هو المحيط الهادئ.
is covered with water.
I know Earth. I live here."
because most of it's covered with that --
سماكة الجزء اليابس من الأرض
Building, Chrysler Building,
و إمباير ستيت
يقارب إرتفاع 15 مبنى مماثل
is 15 of those on top of one another.
of what's in that water.
مما هو موجود في المحيط.
go peek and see what's there.
للمرة الأولى ونرى ماذا يوجد هناك.
is show you some things
down to the deep water,
الضحلة ولغاية المياه العميقة.
you'll see some things
on exploring planet Earth.
وقد رأيتم الكثير منها
you've seen plenty of corals,
to the beach, snorkeling,
مثيرة وتستحق الزيارة
to go -- full of life,
والصغيرة، بعضها لطيف
some nice, some dangerous,
الخطرة ،وكل هذه الكائنات.
is in the very deep part of the ocean,
وفي المناطق العميقة جداً من المحيط
are at the bottom of the sea --
going on right now.
the Atlantic, the Indian Ocean.
وفي قاع المحيط تتحول الصخور إلى سوائل.
the rocks actually turn to liquid.
on the ocean floor.
ولكن ألق نظرة عن قرب
but when we look in detail,
وأكثرها ظلاماً على الأرض
darkest places on Earth, we find life,
really wants to happen.
with our robots,
that's usually surprising,
and sometimes revolutionary.
of water sitting there.
there's a little cliff,
فسترى هذا الشاطئ بصورة أفضل،
the beach a little bit better,
في تلك المياه.
in that water, down there.
of the Gulf of Mexico.
وتنظر من النافذة
at a little pond of water beneath the sea.
lakes, we see rivers --
أو بحيرات وحتى أنهار
at the bottom of the ocean
نهر يجري في قاع المحيط
left to the upper right.
كيف يمكن لهذا الحصول في قاع البحر؟
وتنظر إلى نوع آخر من الماء.
that only live in that water.
تعيش في هذا النوع من الماء فقط.
in the middle of the ocean,
سلسلة من الجبال في وسط المحيط.
on Earth, called the mid-ocean ridge --
ونحن بالكاد ألقينا ناظرة خاطفة عليها.
and we've hardly had a peek at it.
many thousands of valleys,
than the Grand Canyon.
من غراند كان كانيون
lakes, rivers, waterfalls.
بحيرات وأنهار وشلالات تحت الماء.
تحت الماء بالقرب من أيسلندا.
up near Iceland.
5% فقط وهي التي إكتشفناها.
that we've explored.
is that to explore it,
فأنت بحاجة إلى التكنولوجيا.
but it's not just Dave Gallo
ولن أقدر أن أقوم بذلك وحدي
it's a team of people.
سفينتنا المسماة (أتلانتس)
and the submarine, Alvin.
this is an Alvin launch --
ويتم دفعهم ببطء على سطح السفينة.
making sure that these people are okay.
كل شيء على ما يرام.
يفكرون بشيء واحد الآن:
is thinking one thing right now:
to the bathroom one more time?
ولن يكون هناك أي شخص آخر معكم.
and nobody is going to be around you.
and once you hit the water, it's amazing.
وعندما تغوض يكون مظهر الماء رائعاً
that penetrates right inside you.
يخترقكك ويستقر في داخلك.
you've got sonar on there --
الذي تطلقة لقاع البحر ومن ثم يعود إليك.
down to the bottom and comes back up.
من أن كل شيء على ما يرام
sure the outside is okay,
of the ocean and it's an amazing trip.
you sink down to the bottom.
لمدة ساعتين من هذه الرحلة.
is totally pitch black.
could live inside that world
we find some amazing things.
المياه الوسطية والتي تقع
we call it the mid-water --
down to the bottom, we find life.
of the coolest creatures on Earth.
just flailing his arms around.
وكأن أفواهها متصلة ببعضها البعض.
with their mouths hooked together,
وقد تكون أكبر من هذا المسرح.
some can be longer than this stage.
باستخدام شبكة.
ونستخدم كاميراتنا لكي ننظر إليهم
and take a look at them.
فإننا نجد أنواع جديدة من الحيوانات.
نجد ينابيع ساخنه
we find hot springs.
because this is poisonous water,
قد يتسبب في سحق "التيتانيك"
it would crush the Titanic
التي تسحق بها كوب فارغ في يدك.
an empty cup in your hand --
أي من الحياة إطلاقاً.
no life there at all.
متنوعة عديدة وأكثر كثافة
and diversity and density
out the window of the sub,
we think about life on Earth;
have to have sunlight
توفر أشعة الشمس لاستمرار الحياة.
وبعضها قد يبدو مألوفاً.
some that look familiar.
I love him. Dumbo's great.
ليت معي صورأكثر منها.
I wish I had more footage of this.
together to go look at this
لنتمكن من النظر إليه
The vampire squid.
he's got glowing tentacles,
فسيقوم بفرد أذرعته في الظلام
I put my arms out in the darkness
هو الأطراف المضيئة فقط
glowing things over here.
on his butt that look like eyes.
How cool is that?
في وضعية الدفاع
because when it gets protective,
over its whole body,
كان مفترض أن تكون "سفينة الأحلام" هذه
to show up in New York.
في تنظيم حملة لاستكشافها العام الماضي.
out there last year.
place for biology,
in to live on the Titanic.
تتخذ من التايتانيك بيتاً لها.
eating the hull of the Titanic.
ملكاً للعالم في ذاك الفيلم.
there on the bow of the Titanic.
is that we're making a virtual Titanic,
وبذلك تتمكن وأنت جالس في البيت
with your joystick and your headset on,
the Titanic for yourself.
make these virtual worlds,
exploring the world; it's you.
بل يمكنك أنت
you how important that is,
you breathe, the water you drink,
والماء الذي نشرب
in some way by the ocean,
that we haven't even explored --
التقطت من هذه الـ 5%
I showed you some cool stuff.
we find something new about the sea.
or is there more out there?
أم مازال هناك شيء جديد؟
يحتوي على العديد من المفاجآت.
that the ocean is full of surprises.
is not so much in seeking new landscapes,"
ليست في الحرص على إكتشاف أراض جديدة"
by showing you some of this,
about this planet,
I want you to think about it differently.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
David Gallo - OceanographerA pioneer in ocean exploration, David Gallo is an enthusiastic ambassador between the sea and those of us on dry land.
Why you should listen
David Gallo works to push the bounds of oceanic discovery. Active in undersea exploration (sometimes in partnership with legendary Titanic-hunter Robert Ballard), he was one of the first oceanographers to use a combination of manned submersibles and robots to map the ocean world with unprecedented clarity and detail. He was a co-expedition leader during an exploration of the RMS Titanic and the German battleship Bismarck, using Russian Mir subs.
On behalf of the Woods Hole labs, he appears around the country speaking on ocean and water issues. Most recently he co-led an expedition to create the first detailed and comprehensive map of the RMS Titanic and he co-led the successful international effort to locate the wreck site of Air France flight 447. He is involved in planning an international Antarctic expedition to locate and document the wreckage of Ernest Shackleton’s ship, HMS Endurance.
David Gallo | Speaker | TED.com