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Jocelyne Bloch: The brain may be able to repair itself -- with help
Jocelyne Bloch: Mozak može biti u stanju da se sam izliječi -- uz malu pomoć
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Kroz liječenja od udaraca do trauma od saobraćajnih nesreća, neurohirurg Jocelyne Bloch zna nesposobnost mozga da popravi. Ali sada, ona predlaže, da ona i njene kolege su možda pronašli ključ za neuronsko liječenje: Doublecortin-pozitivne ćelije. Slično kao matične ćelije, oni su izuzetno prilagodljive i, kada su izvađene iz mozga, kulturan i zatim ponovno se ubrizgava u lezije u području u isti mozak, oni mogu pomoći da se popravi i da ga obnove. "Uz malu pomoć," Bloch kaže, "mozak može biti u mogućnosti da si pomogne."
Jocelyne Bloch - Functional neurosurgeon
Jocelyne Bloch is helping to unlock potential self-healing capacities of the human brain. Full bio
Jocelyne Bloch is helping to unlock potential self-healing capacities of the human brain. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
So I'm a neurosurgeon.
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Dakle, ja sam neurohirurg.
00:15
And like most of my colleagues,
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i kao većina mojih kolega,
00:17
I have to deal, every day,
with human tragedies.
with human tragedies.
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svaki dan se suočavam
sa ljudskom tragedijom.
sa ljudskom tragedijom.
00:22
I realize how your life can change
from one second to the other
from one second to the other
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Shvatila sam kako se život
može promijeniti u sekundi,
može promijeniti u sekundi,
00:27
after a major stroke
or after a car accident.
or after a car accident.
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nakon velikog moždanog udara
ili automobilske nesreće.
ili automobilske nesreće.
00:32
And what is very frustrating
for us neurosurgeons
for us neurosurgeons
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Ono što je veoma frustrirajuće
za nas neurohirurge
za nas neurohirurge
00:35
is to realize that unlike
other organs of the body,
other organs of the body,
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jeste shvatiti,
da za razliku od drugih organa tijela,
da za razliku od drugih organa tijela,
00:40
the brain has very little
ability for self-repair.
ability for self-repair.
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mozak ima veoma malu sposobnost
da može samostalno zacijeliti.
da može samostalno zacijeliti.
00:45
And after a major injury
of your central nervous system,
of your central nervous system,
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I nakon velike ozljede vašeg
centralnog nervnog sistema,
centralnog nervnog sistema,
00:50
the patients often remain
with a severe handicap.
with a severe handicap.
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pacijenti često ostaju
sa teškim hendikepom.
sa teškim hendikepom.
00:55
And that's probably
the reason why I've chosen
the reason why I've chosen
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I to je vjerojatno razlog
zašto sam izabrala
zašto sam izabrala
00:57
to be a functional neurosurgeon.
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da budem funkcionalni neurohirurg.
01:01
What is a functional neurosurgeon?
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Ko je funkcionalni neurohirurg?
01:03
It's a doctor who is trying to improve
a neurological function
a neurological function
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To je doktor koji se trudi da poboljša
neurološku funkciju
neurološku funkciju
01:08
through different surgical strategies.
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kroz različite hirurški strategije.
01:12
You've certainly heard of
one of the famous ones
one of the famous ones
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Sigurno ste čuli za jedan od najpoznatijih
01:14
called deep brain stimulation,
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naziva duboka stimulacija mozga
01:17
where you implant an electrode
in the depths of the brain
in the depths of the brain
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gdje se ugrade elektrode u dubini mozga
01:21
in order to modulate a circuit of neurons
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kako bi se modulirao krug neurona
01:24
to improve a neurological function.
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za poboljšanje neurološke funkcije.
01:27
It's really an amazing technology
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To je zapanjujuća tehnologija
01:29
in that it has improved
the destiny of patients
the destiny of patients
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koja se usavršila zbog sudbine pacijenata
01:32
with Parkinson's disease,
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sa Parkinsonovom bolesti,
01:34
with severe tremor, with severe pain.
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sa ozbiljnim podrhtavanjem,
uz jake bolove.
uz jake bolove.
01:38
However, neuromodulation
does not mean neuro-repair.
does not mean neuro-repair.
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Međutim, neuromodulacija
ne znači neuronske popravke.
ne znači neuronske popravke.
01:45
And the dream of functional neurosurgeons
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San funkcionalnog neurohirurga
01:47
is to repair the brain.
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jeste da izliječi mozak.
01:51
I think
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Mislim
01:52
that we are approaching this dream.
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da se približavamo tom snu.
01:54
And I would like to show you
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Željela bih Vam pokazati
01:57
that we are very close to this.
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da smo veoma blizu tome.
02:00
And that with a little bit of help,
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I da uz malo pomoći,
02:03
the brain is able to help itself.
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mozak je u stanju da si pomogne.
02:08
So the story started 15 years ago.
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Dakle, priča počinje prije 15 godina.
02:11
At that time, I was a chief resident
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U to vrijeme, bila sam glavni stanovnik
02:13
working days and nights
in the emergency room.
in the emergency room.
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radnih dana i noći u hitnoj.
02:16
I often had to take care
of patients with head trauma.
of patients with head trauma.
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Često sam morala brinuti o pacijentima
sa povredama glave.
sa povredama glave.
02:21
You have to imagine that when a patient
comes in with a severe head trauma,
comes in with a severe head trauma,
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Možete zamisliti da kada pacijent dođe
sa teškim povredama glave,
sa teškim povredama glave,
02:25
his brain is swelling
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natečenim mozgom,
02:28
and he's increasing
his intracranial pressure.
his intracranial pressure.
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njegov intrakranijalni pritisak
je povećavajući.
je povećavajući.
02:31
And in order to save his life,
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A kako bi spasili njegov život,
02:33
you have to decrease
this intracranial pressure.
this intracranial pressure.
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morate smanjiti
taj intrakranijalni pritisak.
taj intrakranijalni pritisak.
02:36
And to do that,
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A da bi to napravili,
02:37
you sometimes have to remove
a piece of swollen brain.
a piece of swollen brain.
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ponekad morate ukloniti
dio natečenog mozga.
dio natečenog mozga.
02:42
So instead of throwing away
these pieces of swollen brain,
these pieces of swollen brain,
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Dakle, umjesto odklanjanja tog dijela
natečenog mozga,
natečenog mozga,
02:46
we decided with Jean-François Brunet,
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odlučili smo sa Jean-François Brunet,
02:49
who is a colleague of mine, a biologist,
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mojim kolegom, biologom,
02:51
to study them.
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da proučavamo.
02:53
What do I mean by that?
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Šta mislim pod tim?
02:55
We wanted to grow cells
from these pieces of tissue.
from these pieces of tissue.
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Željeli smo da rastu ćelije
od tih komada tkiva.
od tih komada tkiva.
03:00
It's not an easy task.
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Nije lagan zadatak.
03:02
Growing cells from a piece of tissue
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Rast ćelija od komada tkiva
03:04
is a bit the same as growing
very small children
very small children
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je isto što i rast veoma male dijece
03:08
out from their family.
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iz svoje porodice.
03:11
So you need to find the right nutrients,
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Tako da je potrebno
pronaći hranjive tvari,
pronaći hranjive tvari,
03:14
the warmth, the humidity
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toplinu, vlažnost
03:15
and all the nice environments
to make them thrive.
to make them thrive.
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i lijepo okruženje
da bi napredovali.
da bi napredovali.
03:19
So that's exactly what we had
to do with these cells.
to do with these cells.
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Dakle, to je upravo ono što smo uradili
sa ovim ćelijama.
sa ovim ćelijama.
03:22
And after many attempts,
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I nakon mnogo pokušaja,
03:24
Jean-François did it.
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Jean-François je to uradio.
03:27
And that's what he saw
under his microscope.
under his microscope.
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I to je vidio
pod mikroskopom.
pod mikroskopom.
03:31
And that was, for us, a major surprise.
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I to je bilo, za nas, veliko iznenađenje.
03:34
Why?
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Zašto?
03:35
Because this looks exactly the same
as a stem cell culture,
as a stem cell culture,
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Jer ovo izgleda isto
kao kultura matičnih ćelija,
kao kultura matičnih ćelija,
03:40
with large green cells
surrounding small, immature cells.
surrounding small, immature cells.
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sa velikim zelenim ćelijama
opkoljavajuće male, nezrele ćelije.
opkoljavajuće male, nezrele ćelije.
03:47
And you may remember from biology class
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A možda se sjećate iz biologije
03:50
that stem cells are immature cells,
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da matične ćelije su nezrele ćelije,
03:53
able to turn into any type
of cell of the body.
of cell of the body.
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koje se mogu pretvoriti u bilo koju vrstu
ćelije tijela.
ćelije tijela.
03:59
The adult brain has stem cells,
but they're very rare
but they're very rare
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Mozak odrasle osobe ima matične ćelije,
ali one su vrlo rijetke
ali one su vrlo rijetke
04:04
and they're located
in deep and small niches
in deep and small niches
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i oni su locirani
u dubokim i malim utočištima
u dubokim i malim utočištima
04:08
in the depths of the brain.
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u dubini mozga.
04:10
So it was surprising to get
this kind of stem cell culture
this kind of stem cell culture
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Toliko je bilo iznenađujuće dobiti
ovu vrstu kulture matičnih ćelija
ovu vrstu kulture matičnih ćelija
04:14
from the superficial part
of swollen brain we had
of swollen brain we had
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iz površnog dijela
otečenog mozga kojeg smo imali
otečenog mozga kojeg smo imali
04:16
in the operating theater.
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u operativnom pozorištu.
04:18
And there was another
intriguing observation:
intriguing observation:
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A tu je još jedno
intrigantno zapažanje :
intrigantno zapažanje :
04:21
Regular stem cells
are very active cells --
are very active cells --
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Redovne matične ćelije
su vrlo aktivne ćelije --
su vrlo aktivne ćelije --
04:26
cells that divide, divide,
divide very quickly.
divide very quickly.
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ćelije koje se dijele, dijele,
dijele veoma brzo.
dijele veoma brzo.
04:30
And they never die,
they're immortal cells.
they're immortal cells.
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I one nikada ne umiru,
one su besmrtne ćelije.
one su besmrtne ćelije.
04:33
But these cells behave differently.
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Ali, ove ćelije se ponašaju drugačije.
04:36
They divide slowly,
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One se dijele polako,
04:38
and after a few weeks of culture,
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i nakon nekoliko nedelja kulture,
04:40
they even died.
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one čak i umru.
04:43
So we were in front of a strange
new cell population
new cell population
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Tako smo bili ispred nepoznatih
novih stanovništva ćelija
novih stanovništva ćelija
04:46
that looked like stem cells
but behaved differently.
but behaved differently.
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koja su izgledale kao matične ćelije
ali su se ponašle drugačije.
ali su se ponašle drugačije.
04:51
And it took us a long time
to understand where they came from.
to understand where they came from.
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Trebalo nam je dosta vremena
da shvatimo odakle su došli.
da shvatimo odakle su došli.
04:55
They come from these cells.
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Oni dolaze iz ove ćelije.
04:58
These blue and red cells are called
doublecortin-positive cells.
doublecortin-positive cells.
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Ove plave i crvene ćelije nazivaju
doublecortin - pozitivne ćelije.
doublecortin - pozitivne ćelije.
05:04
All of you have them in your brain.
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Svi vi imate ih u mozgu.
05:07
They represent four percent
of your cortical brain cells.
of your cortical brain cells.
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Oni predstavljaju četiri posto
Vaših kortikalnih moždanih ćelija.
Vaših kortikalnih moždanih ćelija.
05:11
They have a very important role
during the development stage.
during the development stage.
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Oni imaju vrlo važnu ulogu
u fazi razvoja.
u fazi razvoja.
05:15
When you were fetuses,
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Kada ste bili fetus,
05:18
they helped your brain to fold itself.
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oni su pomogli vašem mozgu da se složi.
05:22
But why do they stay in your head?
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Ali zašto oni ostaju u Vašoj glavi?
05:25
This, we don't know.
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To ne znamo.
05:27
We think that they may
participate in brain repair
participate in brain repair
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Mi mislimo da oni mogu da
učestvuju u popravku mozga
učestvuju u popravku mozga
05:30
because we find them
in higher concentration
in higher concentration
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jer smo ih našli
u većem zgušnjavanju
u većem zgušnjavanju
05:34
close to brain lesions.
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blizu oštećenja mozga.
05:35
But it's not so sure.
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Ali to nije tako sigurno.
05:37
But there is one clear thing --
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Ali postoji jedna jasna stvar --
05:40
that from these cells,
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da iz ove ćelije,
05:41
we got our stem cell culture.
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smo dobili naše kulture matičnih ćelija.
05:45
And we were in front
of a potential new source of cells
of a potential new source of cells
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Bili smo ispred
potencijalnog novog izvora ćelija
potencijalnog novog izvora ćelija
05:48
to repair the brain.
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da bi oporavili mozak.
05:50
And we had to prove this.
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I morali smo to dokazati.
05:51
So to prove it,
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Tako da bi dokazali,
05:52
we decided to design
an experimental paradigm.
an experimental paradigm.
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morali smo dizajnirati
eksperimentalnu paradigmu.
eksperimentalnu paradigmu.
05:56
The idea was to biopsy a piece of brain
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Ideja je bila da se
uradi biopsija dijela mozga
uradi biopsija dijela mozga
05:59
in a non-eloquent area of the brain,
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u ne-elokventno područje mozga,
06:02
and then to culture the cells
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a potom i u kulture ćelija
06:04
exactly the way Jean-François
did it in his lab.
did it in his lab.
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upravo kako je Jean-François
to uradio u svom laboratoriju.
to uradio u svom laboratoriju.
06:07
And then label them, to put color in them
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I onda ih označe, u njima stave boju
06:10
in order to be able
to track them in the brain.
to track them in the brain.
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kako bi mogli
da ih prate u mozgu.
da ih prate u mozgu.
06:13
And the last step was to re-implant them
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I posljednji korak je bio
da se ponovno ugradi
da se ponovno ugradi
06:15
in the same individual.
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u iste ličnosti.
06:17
We call these
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Zovemo ih
06:18
autologous grafts -- autografts.
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autologni transplantati - autograftovi.
06:21
So the first question we had,
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Dakle, prvo pitanje koje smo imali,
06:24
"What will happen if we re-implant
these cells in a normal brain,
these cells in a normal brain,
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"Šta će se dogoditi ako implantiramo
ćelije u normalni mozak,
ćelije u normalni mozak,
06:29
and what will happen
if we re-implant the same cells
if we re-implant the same cells
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i šta će se desiti
ako ponovo implantiramo iste ćelije
ako ponovo implantiramo iste ćelije
06:32
in a lesioned brain?"
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u ozlijeđen mozak?"
06:33
Thanks to the help
of professor Eric Rouiller,
of professor Eric Rouiller,
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Zahvaljujući pomoći
profesora Eric Rouiller,
profesora Eric Rouiller,
06:36
we worked with monkeys.
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radili smo s majmunima.
06:39
So in the first-case scenario,
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Dakle, u prvom slučaju scenarija,
06:41
we re-implanted the cells
in the normal brain
in the normal brain
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mi smo ponovo implantirali ćelije
u normalni mozak
u normalni mozak
06:45
and what we saw is that they completely
disappeared after a few weeks,
disappeared after a few weeks,
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a ono što smo vidjeli je da su potpuno
nestali nakon nekoliko sedmica,
nestali nakon nekoliko sedmica,
06:50
as if they were taken from the brain,
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kao da su uzeti iz mozga,
06:53
they go back home,
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oni se vraćaju kući,
06:54
the space is already busy,
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prostor je već zauzet,
06:56
they are not needed there,
so they disappear.
so they disappear.
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nisu potrebni tamo,
tako da nestaju.
tako da nestaju.
06:59
In the second-case scenario,
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U drugom slučaju scenarija,
07:01
we performed the lesion,
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izvršavali smo lezije,
07:03
we re-implanted exactly the same cells,
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ponovo smo implantirali isti ćelije,
07:06
and in this case, the cells remained --
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i, u ovom slučaju, ćelije su ostale --
07:10
and they became mature neurons.
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i postale zreli neuron.
07:13
And that's the image of what
we could observe under the microscope.
we could observe under the microscope.
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I to je slika onoga što
smo mogli da posmatramo pod mikroskopom.
smo mogli da posmatramo pod mikroskopom.
07:17
Those are the cells
that were re-implanted.
that were re-implanted.
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To su ćelije
koje su ponovo implantirane.
koje su ponovo implantirane.
07:20
And the proof they carry,
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A kao dokaz oni donose,
07:22
these little spots, those
are the cells that we've labeled
are the cells that we've labeled
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ova mala mjesta, to
su ćelije koje smo označili
su ćelije koje smo označili
07:26
in vitro, when they were in culture.
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in vitro, kada su bili u kulturi.
07:29
But we could not stop here, of course.
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Naravno, nismo se mogli zaustaviti ovdje.
07:32
Do these cells also help a monkey
to recover after a lesion?
to recover after a lesion?
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Da li će ove ćelije pomoći majmunima
da se oporave nakon lezije?
da se oporave nakon lezije?
07:37
So for that, we trained monkeys
to perform a manual dexterity task.
to perform a manual dexterity task.
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Što se tiče toga, obučavali smo majmune
da obavljaju ručno spretnost zadatka.
da obavljaju ručno spretnost zadatka.
07:42
They had to retrieve
food pellets from a tray.
food pellets from a tray.
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Oni su morali da izvade
hranu peleta iz poslužavnika.
hranu peleta iz poslužavnika.
07:45
They were very good at it.
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Bili su jako dobri u tome.
07:47
And when they had reached
a plateau of performance,
a plateau of performance,
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I kad su postigli
plato performansi,
plato performansi,
07:51
we did a lesion in the motor cortex
corresponding to the hand motion.
corresponding to the hand motion.
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radili smo lezije motornog korteksa
odgovarajućim pokretom ruke.
odgovarajućim pokretom ruke.
07:57
So the monkeys were plegic,
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Dakle, majmuni su plegic,
07:59
they could not move their hand anymore.
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oni više nisu mogli pomjerati ruku.
08:02
And exactly the same as humans would do,
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I isto tako bi i ljudi radili,
08:05
they spontaneously recovered
to a certain extent,
to a certain extent,
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oni bi se spontano oporavili
u određenoj mjeri,
u određenoj mjeri,
08:08
exactly the same as after a stroke.
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isto kao i nakon moždanog udara.
08:10
Patients are completely plegic,
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Pacijenti su potpuno plegic,
08:12
and then they try to recover
due to a brain plasticity mechanism,
due to a brain plasticity mechanism,
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oni se pokušavaju da se oporave
zbog mehanizma mozga plastičnost,
zbog mehanizma mozga plastičnost,
08:17
they recover to a certain extent,
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oni se oporavljaju do jedne mjere,
08:19
exactly the same for the monkey.
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isto vrijedi i za majmune.
08:21
So when we were sure that the monkey
had reached his plateau
had reached his plateau
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Dakle, kada smo bili sigurni da je majmun
stigao do platoa
stigao do platoa
08:24
of spontaneous recovery,
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od spontanog oporavka,
08:27
we implanted his own cells.
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mi smo implantirani
njegove vlastite ćelije.
njegove vlastite ćelije.
08:30
So on the left side, you see the monkey
that has spontaneously recovered.
that has spontaneously recovered.
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Dakle, na lijevoj strani, vidite majmuna
koji je se spontano oporavio.
koji je se spontano oporavio.
08:37
He's at about 40 to 50 percent
of his previous performance
of his previous performance
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On je oko 40 do 50 posto
njegovog prethodnog performansa
njegovog prethodnog performansa
08:42
before the lesion.
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prije lezije.
08:44
He's not so accurate, not so quick.
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On nije toliko precizan, nije toliko brz.
08:47
And look now, when we re-impant the cells:
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Pogledajte sada,
kada smo ponovo implantirali ćelije:
kada smo ponovo implantirali ćelije:
08:50
Two months after re-implantation,
the same individual.
the same individual.
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Dva mjeseca nakon ponovne implantacije,
ista ličnost.
ista ličnost.
08:57
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
09:04
It was also very exciting results
for us, I tell you.
for us, I tell you.
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Iskreno da Vam kažem,
to je bio veoma uzbudljiv rezultat za nas.
to je bio veoma uzbudljiv rezultat za nas.
09:09
Since that time, we've understood
much more about these cells.
much more about these cells.
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Od tada smo shvatili
mnogo više o ovim ćelijama.
mnogo više o ovim ćelijama.
09:13
We know that we can cryopreserve them,
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Znamo da ih možemo sa krioprezervacijom,
09:15
we can use them later on.
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koristiti kasnije.
09:18
We know that we can apply them
in other neuropathological models,
in other neuropathological models,
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Znamo da ih možemo primijeniti
u drugim neuropatološkim modelima,
u drugim neuropatološkim modelima,
09:22
like Parkinson's disease, for example.
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kao što je Parkinsonova bolest.
09:24
But our dream is still
to implant them in humans.
to implant them in humans.
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Ali, naš san je i dalje
da ih usadimo u ljude.
da ih usadimo u ljude.
09:28
And I really hope that I'll be able
to show you soon
to show you soon
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I zaista se nadam da ću biti u stanju
da Vam to uskoro i pokažem
da Vam to uskoro i pokažem
09:33
that the human brain is giving us
the tools to repair itself.
the tools to repair itself.
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da nam ljudski mozak daje
alate za oporavak sebe.
alate za oporavak sebe.
09:38
Thank you.
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Hvala Vam.
09:39
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
09:45
Bruno Giussani: Jocelyne, this is amazing,
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Jocelyne, ovo je nevjerovatno,
09:49
and I'm sure that right now, there are
several dozen people in the audience,
several dozen people in the audience,
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i siguran sam da trenutno postoje
nekoliko desetina ljudi u publici,
nekoliko desetina ljudi u publici,
09:53
possibly even a majority,
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možda čak i većina,
09:54
who are thinking, "I know
somebody who can use this."
somebody who can use this."
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koji razmišljaju, "Znam
nekog kome može da koristi ovo. "
nekog kome može da koristi ovo. "
09:57
I do, in any case.
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Ja, u svakom slučaju.
09:59
And of course the question is,
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I naravno pitanje je,
10:01
what are the biggest obstacles
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koje su najveće prepreke
10:03
before you can go
into human clinical trials?
into human clinical trials?
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prije nego što možete ići
u ljudska klinička ispitivanja?
u ljudska klinička ispitivanja?
10:07
Jocelyne Bloch: The biggest
obstacles are regulations. (Laughs)
obstacles are regulations. (Laughs)
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Najveće prepreke su propisi. (Smijeh)
10:13
So, from these exciting results,
you need to fill out
you need to fill out
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Dakle, od ovih uzbudljivih rezultata,
trebate popuniti
trebate popuniti
10:15
about two kilograms of papers and forms
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oko dva kilograma radova i oblika
10:19
to be able to go through these
kind of trials.
kind of trials.
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da bi mogli proći kroz ove
vrsta suđenja.
vrsta suđenja.
10:22
BG: Which is understandable,
the brain is delicate, etc.
the brain is delicate, etc.
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BG: Što je i razumljivo,
mozak je delikatna, itd
mozak je delikatna, itd
10:24
JB: Yes, it is, but it takes a long time
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JB: Da, to je, ali to dugo traje
10:27
and a lot of patience and almost
a professional team to do it, you know?
a professional team to do it, you know?
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i puno strpljenja i skoro
stručni tim ti reba da to uradi, znaš?
stručni tim ti reba da to uradi, znaš?
10:31
BG: If you project yourself --
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Ako projekat -
10:33
having done the research
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završi istraživanje
10:34
and having tried to get
permission to start the trials,
permission to start the trials,
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i nakon što je pokušao da dobije
dozvolu za početak suđenja,
dozvolu za početak suđenja,
10:38
if you project yourself out in time,
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i ako je projekat u vremenu,
10:42
how many years before
somebody gets into a hospital
somebody gets into a hospital
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koliko godina treba prije
nego li neko dođe u bolnicu
nego li neko dođe u bolnicu
10:46
and this therapy is available?
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da ova terapija bude na raspolaganju?
10:49
JB: So, it's very difficult to say.
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Dakle, to je vrlo teško reći.
10:51
It depends, first,
on the approval of the trial.
on the approval of the trial.
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To ovisi, prvo,
o odobrenju suđenja.
o odobrenju suđenja.
10:55
Will the regulation allow us
to do it soon?
to do it soon?
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Hoće li nam propis omogućiti
da to učinimo uskoro?
da to učinimo uskoro?
10:58
And then, you have to perform
this kind of study
this kind of study
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I onda, morate obavljati
takvu vrstu studija
takvu vrstu studija
11:01
in a small group of patients.
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u maloj grupi pacijenata.
11:04
So it takes, already, a long time
to select the patients,
to select the patients,
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Tako da je potrebno, dugo vremena
za odabir pacijenata,
za odabir pacijenata,
11:07
do the treatment
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da se učini tretman
11:09
and evaluate if it's useful
to do this kind of treatment.
to do this kind of treatment.
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i procijeni da li je to korisno
za ovu vrstu liječenja.
za ovu vrstu liječenja.
11:13
And then you have to deploy
this to a multicentric trial.
this to a multicentric trial.
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I onda morate razviti to
multicentrično suđenje.
multicentrično suđenje.
11:17
You have to really prove
first that it's useful
first that it's useful
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Morate zaista dokazati
prvo, da je to korisno
prvo, da je to korisno
11:21
before offering this treatment
up for everybody.
up for everybody.
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za svakoga prije ponude ovog tretmana.
11:24
BG: And safe, of course. JB: Of course.
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- I sigurno, naravno.
- Naravno.
- Naravno.
11:26
BG: Jocelyne, thank you for coming
to TED and sharing this.
to TED and sharing this.
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Jocelyne, hvala vam što ste došli na TED
i podijelili ovo.
i podijelili ovo.
11:29
BG: Thank you.
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Hvala Vam.
11:30
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jocelyne Bloch - Functional neurosurgeonJocelyne Bloch is helping to unlock potential self-healing capacities of the human brain.
Why you should listen
Swiss neurosurgeon Jocelyne Bloch is an expert in deep brain stimulation and neuromodulation for movement disorders. Her recent work focuses on cortical cells, called doublecortin, related to neurogenesis and brain repair. In collaboration with Jean François Brunet and others, she is pioneering the development of adult brain cell transplantation for patients with stroke, using their own stem cells. She aims at gathering all these novel therapeutic strategies under a common umbrella that will optimize treatment options for patients suffering from neurological impairments. She is in charge of the functional neurosurgery unit at the Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV).
Jocelyne Bloch | Speaker | TED.com