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Peter van Manen: Better baby care -- thanks to Formula 1
Peter van Manen: Com pot un cotxe de Formula 1 ajudar...a bebès?
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Durant una cursa de Formula 1, un cotxe enviar centenars de milions de dades als boxes perquè siguin analitzats en temps real. Perquè no utilitzar aquest sistema precís i rigorós en altres indrets com per exemple... un hospital de nens? Peter van Manen ens explicarà com fer-ho.
Peter van Manen - Electronic systems expert
Peter van Manen is the Managing Director of McLaren Electronics, which provides data systems to major motorsports series. Full bio
Peter van Manen is the Managing Director of McLaren Electronics, which provides data systems to major motorsports series. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Motor racing is a funny old business.
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Les carreres de cotxes són un negoci ben antic.
00:14
We make a new car every year,
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Fem un cotxe cada any,
00:16
and then we spend the rest of the season
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i aleshores estem la resta de la temporada
00:19
trying to understand what it is we've built
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intentant entendre què hem construït
00:21
to make it better, to make it faster.
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per fer-lo millor, per fer-lo més ràpid.
00:25
And then the next year, we start again.
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I l'any següent, tornem a començar.
00:28
Now, the car you see in front of you is quite complicated.
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El cotxe que veieu davant vostre és força complicat.
00:32
The chassis is made up of about 11,000 components,
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El xassís està fet d'uns 11.000 components,
00:36
the engine another 6,000,
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el motor de 6.000,
00:38
the electronics about eight and a half thousand.
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l'electrònica de 8.500.
00:41
So there's about 25,000 things there that can go wrong.
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Així doncs hi ha unes 25.000 coses que poden anar malament.
00:46
So motor racing is very much about attention to detail.
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Es tracta, per tant, de parar atenció als detalls.
00:51
The other thing about Formula 1 in particular
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L'altra cosa sobre la Formula 1 en particular
00:54
is we're always changing the car.
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és que sempre estem fent canvis al cotxe.
00:56
We're always trying to make it faster.
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Sempre el volem fer més ràpid.
00:58
So every two weeks, we will be making
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Cada dues setmanes fem que hi hagi
01:01
about 5,000 new components to fit to the car.
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5.000 nous components al cotxe.
01:05
Five to 10 percent of the race car
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D'un 5% a un 10% del cotxe
01:08
will be different every two weeks of the year.
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és diferent cada 2 setmanes de l'any.
01:11
So how do we do that?
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Com ho fem?
01:14
Well, we start our life with the racing car.
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Bé, comencem la nostra vida amb el cotxe.
01:17
We have a lot of sensors on the car to measure things.
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Tenim molts sensors al cotxe per mesurar coses.
01:21
On the race car in front of you here
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Al cotxe que teniu davant vostre
01:23
there are about 120 sensors when it goes into a race.
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hi ha uns 120 sensors quan fa una cursa.
01:26
It's measuring all sorts of things around the car.
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Mesura tot tipus de coses al voltant del cotxe.
01:30
That data is logged. We're logging about
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Les dades s'enregistren. Enregistrem aproximadament
01:32
500 different parameters within the data systems,
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500 paràmetres diferents dintre del sistemes informàtics,
01:36
about 13,000 health parameters and events
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uns 13.000 paràmetres mèdics i esdeveniments
01:39
to say when things are not working the way they should do,
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que permeten saber quan les coses no estan funcionant com haurien de funcionar,
01:44
and we're sending that data back to the garage
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i tornem a enviar les dades als boxes
01:47
using telemetry at a rate of two to four megabits per second.
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utilitzant telemetria a una velocitat de 2 a 4 Megabits per segon.
01:52
So during a two-hour race, each car will be sending
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Per tant, durant una cursa de 2 hores, cada cotxe envia
01:55
750 million numbers.
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750 milions de dades.
01:57
That's twice as many numbers as words that each of us
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Això és el doble de dades que de paraules
02:00
speaks in a lifetime.
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que cadascú de nosaltres diu en la vida
02:02
It's a huge amount of data.
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És una quantitat enorme de dades.
02:05
But it's not enough just to have data and measure it.
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Però no n'hi ha prou amb tenir les dades i mesurar-les.
02:07
You need to be able to do something with it.
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Necessites poder fer alguna cosa amb elles.
02:09
So we've spent a lot of time and effort
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Nosaltres hem dedicat molta estona i esforços
02:12
in turning the data into stories
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en transformar les dades en informació
02:14
to be able to tell, what's the state of the engine,
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que permeti dir quin és l'estat del motor,
02:17
how are the tires degrading,
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com es degraden els pneumàtics,
02:19
what's the situation with fuel consumption?
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com està el consum de benzina?
02:23
So all of this is taking data
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Tot això es tracta d'agafar dades
02:26
and turning it into knowledge that we can act upon.
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i convertir-les en coneixement que ens permeti actuar.
02:29
Okay, so let's have a look at a little bit of data.
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Ok, fer una ullada a unes dades.
02:32
Let's pick a bit of data from
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Agafem dades d'un
02:34
another three-month-old patient.
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altre pacient de 3 mesos d'edat.
02:37
This is a child, and what you're seeing here is real data,
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Aquest és un nen i el que veieu aquí són dades reals,
02:41
and on the far right-hand side,
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i a la part de dalt a la dreta,
02:43
where everything starts getting a little bit catastrophic,
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on tot sembla ser una mica catastròfic,
02:46
that is the patient going into cardiac arrest.
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això significa que el pacient tindrà una aturada cardíaca.
02:49
It was deemed to be an unpredictable event.
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Estava destinat a ser un esdeveniment impredectible.
02:53
This was a heart attack that no one could see coming.
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Era un atac de cor que ningú podia veure venir.
02:56
But when we look at the information there,
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Però quan mirem la informació que hi ha,
02:59
we can see that things are starting to become
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podem veure que la cosa comença
03:01
a little fuzzy about five minutes or so before the cardiac arrest.
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a estar malament uns 5 minuts abans de l'aturada cardíaca.
03:05
We can see small changes
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Podem veure canvis petits
03:07
in things like the heart rate moving.
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en coses com el batec del cor.
03:10
These were all undetected by normal thresholds
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Aquestes variacions no eren detectades per llindars normals
03:12
which would be applied to data.
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aplicats a les dades.
03:15
So the question is, why couldn't we see it?
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La qüestió és, perquè no podíem veure-ho?
03:18
Was this a predictable event?
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Era un esdeveniment previsible?
03:20
Can we look more at the patterns in the data
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Podem fixar-nos en els patrons de les dades
03:23
to be able to do things better?
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per poder fer millor les coses?
03:27
So this is a child,
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Aquest és un nen,
03:29
about the same age as the racing car on stage,
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aproximadament de la mateixa edat que el cotxe de l'escenari,
03:33
three months old.
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3 mesos d'edat.
03:34
It's a patient with a heart problem.
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És un pacient amb un problema al cor.
03:37
Now, when you look at some of the data on the screen above,
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Ara, si us fixeu amb les dades de la pantalla de sobre,
03:40
things like heart rate, pulse, oxygen, respiration rates,
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paràmetres com el ritme cardíac, pols, oxigen, ritme de respiració,
03:45
they're all unusual for a normal child,
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tots són anormals per un nen normal,
03:48
but they're quite normal for the child there,
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però són normals per aquest nen,
03:51
and so one of the challenges you have in health care is,
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i un dels desafiaments que tens en sanitat és,
03:55
how can I look at the patient in front of me,
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com ho puc fer perquè el pacient que tinc davant meu
03:58
have something which is specific for her,
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tingui un tractament específic,
04:01
and be able to detect when things start to change,
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i poder detectar quan les coses comencen a canviar,
04:04
when things start to deteriorate?
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quan les coses es comencen a deteriorar?
04:06
Because like a racing car, any patient,
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Perquè com un cotxe de carreres, qualsevol pacient,
04:09
when things start to go bad, you have a short time
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quan les coses van malament, tens molt poc temps
04:12
to make a difference.
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per reaccionar.
04:14
So what we did is we took a data system
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El que vam fer és agafar el sistema informàtic
04:17
which we run every two weeks of the year in Formula 1
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que utilitzem cada 2 setmanes de l'any a la Formula 1
04:20
and we installed it on the hospital computers
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i el vam instal·lar als ordinadors de l'hospital
04:23
at Birmingham Children's Hospital.
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de l'Hospital de Nens de Birmingham.
04:25
We streamed data from the bedside instruments
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Vam enviar dades dels instruments mèdics
04:27
in their pediatric intensive care
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de la unitat de cures intensives pediàtriques
04:30
so that we could both look at the data in real time
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perquè poguéssim veure les dades en temps real
04:33
and, more importantly, to store the data
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i, més important, per emmagatzemar les dades
04:36
so that we could start to learn from it.
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perquè poguéssim aprendre d'elles.
04:39
And then, we applied an application on top
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I aleshores vam fer córrer un programa
04:44
which would allow us to tease out the patterns in the data
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que ens permetria detectar els patrons en les dades
04:47
in real time so we could see what was happening,
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en temps real perquè puguéssim veure què estava passant,
04:50
so we could determine when things started to change.
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i així poder determinar quan les coses començaven a canviar.
04:54
Now, in motor racing, we're all a little bit ambitious,
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Tornant a les carreres, nosaltres som molt ambiciosos,
04:58
audacious, a little bit arrogant sometimes,
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audaços, una mica arrogants de vegades,
05:00
so we decided we would also look at the children
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pel que vam decidir que miraríem al nen
05:04
as they were being transported to intensive care.
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quan el transportaven a cures intensives.
05:06
Why should we wait until they arrived in the hospital
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Perquè havíem d'esperar fins que arribessin a l'hospital
05:09
before we started to look?
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per començar a observar?
05:11
And so we installed a real-time link
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Vam instal·lar un enllaç en temps real
05:14
between the ambulance and the hospital,
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entre l'ambulància i l'hospital
05:16
just using normal 3G telephony to send that data
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utilitzant telefonia 3G per enviar les dades
05:20
so that the ambulance became an extra bed
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de manera que l'ambulància va esdevenir un llit extra
05:23
in intensive care.
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a cures intensives.
05:26
And then we started looking at the data.
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I aleshores vam començar a mirar les dades.
05:30
So the wiggly lines at the top, all the colors,
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Les línies ondulades a munt de tot, tots els colors,
05:32
this is the normal sort of data you would see on a monitor --
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és el tipus de dades normals que veus a un monitor --
05:36
heart rate, pulse, oxygen within the blood,
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ritme cardíac, pols, oxigen a la sang
05:39
and respiration.
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i respiració.
05:42
The lines on the bottom, the blue and the red,
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Les línies al final, la blava i la vermella,
05:45
these are the interesting ones.
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aquestes són les interessants.
05:46
The red line is showing an automated version
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La línia vermella mostra una versió automatitzada
05:49
of the early warning score
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de la detecció automàtica
05:51
that Birmingham Children's Hospital were already running.
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que l'Hospital de Nens de Birmingham estava utilitzant.
05:53
They'd been running that since 2008,
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L'utilitzaven des de 2008
05:56
and already have stopped cardiac arrests
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i ja havia evitat aturades cardíaques
05:58
and distress within the hospital.
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i angoixes a l'hospital.
06:01
The blue line is an indication
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La línia blava és un indicador de
06:03
of when patterns start to change,
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quan els patrons comencen a canviar
06:06
and immediately, before we even started
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i immediatament, abans que comencéssim
06:08
putting in clinical interpretation,
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a interpretar clínicament
06:10
we can see that the data is speaking to us.
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podem veure que les dades ens parlen.
06:13
It's telling us that something is going wrong.
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Ens està dient que hi ha alguna cosa malament.
06:16
The plot with the red and the green blobs,
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El gràfic amb les trames vermelles i verdes,
06:20
this is plotting different components
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està comparant diferents components
06:23
of the data against each other.
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de les dades entre elles.
06:25
The green is us learning what is normal for that child.
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La verda ens indica el que és normal per a un nen.
06:29
We call it the cloud of normality.
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Ho anomenem el núvol de la normalitat.
06:32
And when things start to change,
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I quan les coses comencen a canviar,
06:34
when conditions start to deteriorate,
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quan les condicions comencen a deteriorar-se,
06:37
we move into the red line.
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ens movem a la línia vermella.
06:39
There's no rocket science here.
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No hi ha ciència complicada.
06:41
It is displaying data that exists already in a different way,
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Està mostrant dades que ja existeixen d'una manera diferent,
06:45
to amplify it, to provide cues to the doctors,
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per amplificar-la, per proveir indicacions als metges,
06:48
to the nurses, so they can see what's happening.
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a les infermeres, de manera que puguin veure què està passant.
06:51
In the same way that a good racing driver
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De la mateixa manera que un bon conductor
06:54
relies on cues to decide when to apply the brakes,
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confia en els indicadors per saber quan ha de frenar,
06:58
when to turn into a corner,
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quan ha de girar,
06:59
we need to help our physicians and our nurses
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necessitem ajudar als nostres metges i infermeres
07:02
to see when things are starting to go wrong.
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a veure quan les coses comencen a anar malament.
07:06
So we have a very ambitious program.
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Tenim un programa molt ambiciós.
07:09
We think that the race is on to do something differently.
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Pensem que la carrera està en fer coses de manera diferent.
07:14
We are thinking big. It's the right thing to do.
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Pensem en gran. És el correcte.
07:17
We have an approach which, if it's successful,
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Tenim una aproximació que si té èxit
07:20
there's no reason why it should stay within a hospital.
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no té raó perquè continuï dintre d'un hospital.
07:22
It can go beyond the walls.
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Pot anar fora del mateix.
07:24
With wireless connectivity these days,
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Amb connectivitat sense fils, actualment
07:26
there is no reason why patients, doctors and nurses
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no hi ha raó perquè els pacients, metges i infermeres
07:30
always have to be in the same place
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sempre estiguin al mateix lloc
07:32
at the same time.
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al mateix moment.
07:34
And meanwhile, we'll take our little three-month-old baby,
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Mentrestant, continuarem cuidant del nostre bebè de 3 mesos,
07:38
keep taking it to the track, keeping it safe,
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mantenir-lo al camí, mantenir-lo segur,
07:42
and making it faster and better.
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i fent-lo més ràpid i millor.
07:44
Thank you very much.
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Moltes gràcies.
07:45
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Peter van Manen - Electronic systems expertPeter van Manen is the Managing Director of McLaren Electronics, which provides data systems to major motorsports series.
Why you should listen
To say that Peter van Manen has a high-speed job would be an understatement. As Managing Director of McLaren Electronics, which provides electronics and data collection software to motorsports events, he and his team work in real time during a race to improve cars on about 500 different parameters. That's about 750 million data points in two hours.
But recently van Manen and his team have been wondering: Why can't the extremely precise and subtle data-collection and analysis systems used in motorsports be applied elsewhere, for the benefit of all? They have applied their systems to ICU units at Birmingham Children's Hospital with real-time analysis that allows them to proactively prevent cardiac arrests. The unit has seen a 25 percent decrease in life-threatening events. And it's just the beginning.
Peter van Manen | Speaker | TED.com