TEDxWomen 2011
Gayle Tzemach Lemmon: Women entrepreneurs, example not exception
Gayle Tzemach Lemmon: Žene poduzetnici - primjer, a ne iznimka
Filmed:
Readability: 4
669,450 views
Žene nisu "mikro" -- zašto onda dobivaju samo mikrokredite? Na TEDxWomen novinarka Gayle Tzemach Lemmon objašnjava da su žene koje vode sve vrste poduzeća -- od poduzeća koja posluju od kuće do najvećih tvornica -- zanemareno rješenje za gospodarski razvoj.
Gayle Tzemach Lemmon - Reporter
Gayle Tzemach Lemmon writes about women around the world living their lives at war and in conflict zones. Full bio
Gayle Tzemach Lemmon writes about women around the world living their lives at war and in conflict zones. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
We do not invest in victims,
0
0
3000
Ne ulažemo u žrtve,
00:18
we invest in survivors.
1
3000
2000
ulažemo u one koji opstaju.
00:20
And in ways both big and small,
2
5000
3000
Na značajne i manje značajne načine
00:23
the narrative of the victim
3
8000
2000
priča o žrtvi
00:25
shapes the way we see women.
4
10000
2000
oblikuje način na koji vidimo žene.
00:27
You can't count what you don't see.
5
12000
3000
Ne računamo ono što ne vidimo.
00:30
And we don't invest in what's invisible to us.
6
15000
3000
I ne ulažemo u ono što nam je nevidljivo.
00:33
But this is the face
7
18000
2000
No ovo je lice
00:35
of resilience.
8
20000
3000
otpornosti.
00:38
Six years ago,
9
23000
2000
Prije šest godina
00:40
I started writing about women entrepreneurs
10
25000
2000
počela sam pisati o poduzetnicama
00:42
during and after conflict.
11
27000
2000
tijekom i nakon rata.
00:44
I set out to write a compelling economic story,
12
29000
2000
Počela sam pisati zanimljivu ekonomsku priču
00:46
one that had great characters, that no one else was telling,
13
31000
3000
s odličnim likovima, koju nitko nije pričao.
00:49
and one that I thought mattered.
14
34000
2000
A ja sam mislila da je važna.
00:51
And that turned out to be women.
15
36000
3000
Radilo se o ženama.
00:54
I had left ABC news and a career I loved at the age of 30
16
39000
3000
S 30 sam godina napustila ABC news i karijeru koju sam obožavala
00:57
for business school,
17
42000
2000
radi poslovne škole,
00:59
a path I knew almost nothing about.
18
44000
2000
puta o kojemu nisam znala gotovo ništa.
01:01
None of the women I had grown up with in Maryland
19
46000
3000
Nijedna od žena s kojima sam odrasla u Marylandu
01:04
had graduated from college,
20
49000
2000
nije završila fakultet,
01:06
let alone considered business school.
21
51000
2000
a kamoli razmišljala o poslovnoj školi.
01:08
But they had hustled to feed their kids
22
53000
2000
One su se trudile prehraniti djecu
01:10
and pay their rent.
23
55000
2000
i platiti najamninu.
01:12
And I saw from a young age
24
57000
2000
Rano sam shvatila
01:14
that having a decent job and earning a good living
25
59000
2000
da su pristojan posao i dobra plaća
01:16
made the biggest difference
26
61000
2000
od iznimne važnosti
01:18
for families who were struggling.
27
63000
2000
za obitelji koje preživljavaju.
01:20
So if you're going to talk about jobs,
28
65000
2000
Ako želite govoriti o poslovima,
01:22
then you have to talk about entrepreneurs.
29
67000
3000
morate govoriti o poduzetnicima.
01:25
And if you're talking about entrepreneurs
30
70000
2000
A ako govorite o poduzetnicima
01:27
in conflict and post-conflict settings,
31
72000
2000
u ratnom i postratnom razdoblju,
01:29
then you must talk about women,
32
74000
2000
morate govoriti o ženama
01:31
because they are the population you have left.
33
76000
3000
jer to je stanovništvo koje je ostalo.
01:34
Rwanda in the immediate aftermath of the genocide
34
79000
4000
U Ruandi je neposredno nakon genocida
01:38
was 77 percent female.
35
83000
3000
bilo 77 posto žena.
01:41
I want to introduce you
36
86000
2000
Želim vam predstaviti
01:43
to some of those entrepreneurs I've met
37
88000
2000
neke od poduzetnica koje sam srela
01:45
and share with you some of what they've taught me over the years.
38
90000
3000
i podijeliti s vama dio onoga što sam od njih naučila.
01:48
I went to Afghanistan in 2005
39
93000
3000
Otišla sam u Afganistan 2005.
01:51
to work on a Financial Times piece,
40
96000
2000
da bih radila na članku za Financial Times.
01:53
and there I met Kamila,
41
98000
2000
Ondje sam upoznala Kamilu,
01:55
a young women who told me she had just turned down
42
100000
2000
mladu ženu koja mi je rekla da je odbila
01:57
a job with the international community
43
102000
2000
posao u međunarodnoj zajednici
01:59
that would have paid her nearly $2,000 a month --
44
104000
3000
na kojemu bi zarađivala gotovo 2.000 $ mjesečno --
02:02
an astronomical sum in that context.
45
107000
3000
astronomski iznos za te prilike.
02:05
And she had turned it down, she said,
46
110000
2000
Odbila ga je, rekla je,
02:07
because she was going to start her next business,
47
112000
3000
jer je željela pokrenuti svoj sljedeći posao,
02:10
an entrepreneurship consultancy
48
115000
2000
savjetovalište za poduzetnike
02:12
that would teach business skills
49
117000
2000
za poučavanje poslovnim vještinama
02:14
to men and women all around Afghanistan.
50
119000
2000
muškaraca i žena u cijelom Afganistanu.
02:16
Business, she said,
51
121000
2000
Pokretanje poduzeća
02:18
was critical to her country's future.
52
123000
2000
bilo je ključno za budućnost njezine zemlje.
02:20
Because long after this round of internationals left,
53
125000
3000
Zato što će, dugo nakon što međunarodna poduzeća odu,
02:23
business would help keep her country
54
128000
2000
poduzetništvo održati njezinu državu
02:25
peaceful and secure.
55
130000
3000
mirnom i sigurnom.
02:28
And she said business was even more important for women
56
133000
3000
Rekla je da je poduzetništvo čak važnije za žene
02:31
because earning an income earned respect
57
136000
3000
jer zarada osigurava poštovanje,
02:34
and money was power for women.
58
139000
3000
a novac je moć za žene.
02:37
So I was amazed.
59
142000
2000
Bila sam osupnuta.
02:39
I mean here was a girl who had never lived in peace time
60
144000
3000
Ta djevojka nikad nije živjela u mirnom razdoblju,
02:42
who somehow had come to sound like a candidate from "The Apprentice."
61
147000
3000
a zvučala je kao kandidat iz emisije "Pripravnik".
02:45
(Laughter)
62
150000
2000
(Smijeh)
02:47
So I asked her, "How in the world do you know this much about business?
63
152000
3000
Pitala sam je: "Otkuda znaš toliko o poduzetništvu?
02:50
Why are you so passionate?"
64
155000
2000
Otkuda tolika strast?"
02:52
She said, "Oh Gayle, this is actually my third business.
65
157000
4000
Rekla je: "Gayle, ovo je zapravo moje treće poduzeće.
02:56
My first business was a dressmaking business
66
161000
2000
Moj prvi pothvat bio je proizvodnja odjeće.
02:58
I started under the Taliban.
67
163000
2000
Započela sam pod Talibanima.
03:00
And that was actually an excellent business,
68
165000
2000
To je zapravo bio odličan pothvat
03:02
because we provided jobs for women all around our neighborhood.
69
167000
3000
jer smo osigurali poslove ženama u cijelom susjedstvu.
03:05
And that's really how I became an entrepreneur."
70
170000
3000
Tako sam zapravo i postala poduzetnica".
03:10
Think about this:
71
175000
2000
Razmislite o ovome:
03:12
Here were girls who braved danger
72
177000
2000
Te su djevojke prkosile opasnosti
03:14
to become breadwinners
73
179000
2000
da bi prehranile obitelj
03:16
during years in which they couldn't even be on their streets.
74
181000
3000
u razdoblju kada nisu smjele čak ni izaći na ulicu.
03:19
And at a time of economic collapse
75
184000
3000
U vrijeme ekonomskog sloma,
03:22
when people sold baby dolls and shoe laces
76
187000
2000
kad su ljudi prodavali lutke,
03:24
and windows and doors
77
189000
3000
vezice za cipele, prozore i vrata
03:27
just to survive,
78
192000
3000
samo da bi preživjeli,
03:30
these girls made the difference
79
195000
2000
te su djevojke omogućile
03:32
between survival and starvation
80
197000
2000
opstanak umjesto gladovanja
03:34
for so many.
81
199000
2000
za toliko ljudi.
03:36
I couldn't leave the story, and I couldn't leave the topic either,
82
201000
3000
Nisam mogla pustiti tu priču niti tu temu,
03:39
because everywhere I went I met more of these women
83
204000
3000
jer kamo god bih krenula, upoznala bih slične žene
03:42
who no one seemed to know about,
84
207000
2000
o kojima se nije znalo ništa
03:44
or even wish to.
85
209000
2000
niti je to itko htio.
03:46
I went on to Bosnia,
86
211000
2000
Zatim sam otišla u Bosnu
03:48
and early on in my interviews I met with an IMF official
87
213000
3000
i tijekom prvih intervjua upoznala sam službenicu MMF-a
03:51
who said, "You know, Gayle,
88
216000
2000
koja je rekla: "Znaš, Gayle,
03:53
I don't think we actually have women in business in Bosnia,
89
218000
2000
mislim da u Bosni nema žena poduzetnica,
03:55
but there is a lady selling cheese nearby
90
220000
2000
no neka žena prodaje sir
03:57
on the side of the road.
91
222000
2000
pokraj ceste.
03:59
So maybe you could interview her."
92
224000
3000
Možeš intervjuirati nju".
04:02
So I went out reporting
93
227000
2000
Otišla sam na teren izvještavati
04:04
and within a day I met Narcisa Kavazovic
94
229000
3000
i za jedan dan upoznala sam Narcisu Kavazovic
04:07
who at that point was opening a new factory
95
232000
2000
koja je u tom trenutku otvarala novu tvornicu
04:09
on the war's former front lines in Sarajevo.
96
234000
3000
na bivšim linijama fronte u Sarajevu.
04:12
She had started her business
97
237000
2000
Započela je svoj posao
04:14
squatting in an abandoned garage,
98
239000
2000
u napuštenoj garaži
04:16
sewing sheets and pillow cases
99
241000
2000
u kojoj je šivala plahte i jastučnice
04:18
she would take to markets all around the city
100
243000
2000
te ih odnosila na tržnice po gradu
04:20
so that she could support
101
245000
2000
da bi mogla uzdržavati
04:22
the 12 or 13 family members
102
247000
2000
12 ili 13 članova obitelji
04:24
who were counting on her for survival.
103
249000
3000
koji su računali na nju da bi preživjeli.
04:27
By the time we met, she had 20 employees,
104
252000
2000
Tada je imala 20 zaposlenika,
04:29
most of them women,
105
254000
2000
većinom žene,
04:31
who were sending their boys and their girls to school.
106
256000
3000
koje su slale svoje sinove i kćeri u školu.
04:34
And she was just the start.
107
259000
2000
Ona je bila tek početak.
04:36
I met women running essential oils businesses,
108
261000
3000
Upoznala sam žene koje su vodile tvrtke s eteričnim uljima,
04:39
wineries
109
264000
2000
vinarije,
04:41
and even the country's largest advertising agency.
110
266000
3000
pa i najveću oglašivačku agenciju u zemlji.
04:44
So these stories together
111
269000
2000
Sve ove priče
04:46
became the Herald Tribune business cover.
112
271000
2000
dospjele su na naslovnicu Herald Tribunea.
04:48
And when this story posted,
113
273000
2000
Čim je ta priča objavljena
04:50
I ran to my computer to send it to the IMF official.
114
275000
2000
odjurila sam do računala i poslala je službenici MMF-a.
04:52
And I said, "Just in case you're looking for entrepreneurs
115
277000
3000
Rekla sam: "Ako tražite poduzetnike
04:55
to feature at your next investment conference,
116
280000
3000
za sljedeću ulagačku konferenciju,
04:58
here are a couple of women."
117
283000
2000
evo nekoliko žena".
05:00
(Applause)
118
285000
5000
(Pljesak)
05:05
But think about this.
119
290000
2000
Razmislite o ovome.
05:07
The IMF official is hardly the only person
120
292000
3000
Službenica MMF-a vjerojatno nije jedina osoba
05:10
to automatically file women under micro.
121
295000
3000
koja automatski svrstava žene pod "mikro".
05:13
The biases, whether intentional or otherwise,
122
298000
2000
Predrasude, namjerne ili slučajne,
05:15
are pervasive,
123
300000
2000
šire se
05:17
and so are the misleading mental images.
124
302000
3000
i stvaraju varljive mentalne slike.
05:20
If you see the word "microfinance,"
125
305000
2000
Kad vidite riječ "mikrofinanciranje",
05:22
what comes to mind?
126
307000
3000
što vam pada na pamet?
05:25
Most people say women.
127
310000
2000
Većina kaže žene.
05:27
And if you see the word "entrepreneur,"
128
312000
3000
A kad vidite riječ "poduzetnik",
05:30
most people think men.
129
315000
2000
većina se sjeti muškaraca.
05:32
Why is that?
130
317000
2000
Zašto je to tako?
05:34
Because we aim low and we think small
131
319000
3000
Jer ciljamo nisko i mislimo na malo,
05:37
when it comes to women.
132
322000
2000
kad se radi o ženama.
05:39
Microfinance is an incredibly powerful tool
133
324000
2000
Mikrofinanciranje je iznimno snažno sredstvo
05:41
that leads to self-sufficiency and self-respect,
134
326000
3000
koje vodi do neovisnosti i samopoštovanja,
05:44
but we must move beyond micro-hopes
135
329000
2000
no treba se maknuti iz okvira mikronade
05:46
and micro-ambitions for women,
136
331000
2000
i mikroambicija za žene
05:48
because they have so much greater hopes for themselves.
137
333000
3000
jer one same se nadaju nečemu mnogo većemu.
05:51
They want to move from micro to medium and beyond.
138
336000
3000
Žele zamijeniti "mikro" s etiketom "srednje" i "više".
05:54
And in many places,
139
339000
2000
Na brojnim mjestima
05:56
they're there.
140
341000
2000
već su to učinile.
05:58
In the U.S., women-owned businesses
141
343000
2000
U Americi žene koje posjeduju tvrtke
06:00
will create five and a half million new jobs by 2018.
142
345000
3000
stvorit će pet i pol milijuna novih radnih mjesta do 2018.
06:03
In South Korea and Indonesia,
143
348000
3000
U Južnoj Koreji i Indoneziji
06:06
women own nearly half a million firms.
144
351000
3000
žene posjeduju gotovo pola milijuna tvrtki.
06:09
China, women run 20 percent
145
354000
2000
U Kini žene vode 20 posto
06:11
of all small businesses.
146
356000
2000
svih malih poduzeća.
06:13
And in the developing world overall,
147
358000
2000
U zemljama u razvoju
06:15
That figure is 40 to 50 percent.
148
360000
3000
taj se broj kreće između 40 i 50 posto.
06:18
Nearly everywhere I go,
149
363000
2000
Gotovo svuda kamo sam otišla
06:20
I meet incredibly interesting entrepreneurs
150
365000
2000
upoznala sam nevjerojatno zanimljive poduzetnice
06:22
who are seeking access to finance, access to markets
151
367000
3000
koje traže pristup financiranju, pristup tržištima
06:25
and established business networks.
152
370000
2000
i uspostavljene poslovne mreže.
06:27
They are often ignored
153
372000
2000
Često ih se zanemaruje
06:29
because they're harder to help.
154
374000
2000
jer im je teže pomoći.
06:31
It is much riskier to give a 50,000 dollar loan
155
376000
3000
Znatno je rizičnije pozajmiti 50.000 dolara
06:34
than it is to give a 500 dollar loan.
156
379000
3000
nego 500 dolara.
06:37
And as the World Bank recently noted,
157
382000
2000
Kao što je Svjetska banka nedavno upozorila,
06:39
women are stuck in a productivity trap.
158
384000
3000
žene su se našle u klopci produktivnosti.
06:42
Those in small businesses
159
387000
2000
Žene s malim poduzećima
06:44
can't get the capital they need to expand
160
389000
2000
ne mogu dobiti kapital potreban za širenje,
06:46
and those in microbusiness
161
391000
2000
a one u mikropoduzećima
06:48
can't grow out of them.
162
393000
2000
ne mogu prerasti tu razinu.
06:50
Recently I was at the State Department in Washington
163
395000
3000
Nedavno sam bila u Ministarstvu vanjskih poslova u Washingtonu
06:53
and I met an incredibly passionate entrepreneur from Ghana.
164
398000
3000
i upoznala sam iznimno strastvenu poduzetnicu iz Gane.
06:56
She sells chocolates.
165
401000
2000
Ona prodaje čokoladu.
06:58
And she had come to Washington,
166
403000
2000
Došla je u Washington,
07:00
not seeking a handout and not seeking a microloan.
167
405000
3000
ne da bi tražila milostinju i mikrokreditiranje.
07:03
She had come seeking serious investment dollars
168
408000
3000
Došla je tražiti ozbiljan iznos koji će netko uložiti
07:06
so that she could build the factory
169
411000
2000
da bi mogla izgraditi tvornicu
07:08
and buy the equipment she needs
170
413000
2000
i kupiti potrebnu opremu
07:10
to export her chocolates
171
415000
2000
za izvoz čokolade
07:12
to Africa, Europe, the Middle East
172
417000
2000
u Afriku, Europu, Bliski istok
07:14
and far beyond --
173
419000
2000
i mnogo dalje --
07:16
capital that would help her to employ
174
421000
2000
kapital koji će joj pomoći da zaposli
07:18
more than the 20 people
175
423000
2000
više od 20 ljudi
07:20
that she already has working for her,
176
425000
3000
koji već rade za nju
07:23
and capital that would fuel her own country's
177
428000
2000
i kapital koji će pokrenuti
07:25
economic climb.
178
430000
2000
ekonomski uspon njezine države.
07:27
The great news is
179
432000
2000
Dobre vijesti su
07:29
we already know what works.
180
434000
2000
da već znamo što funkcionira.
07:31
Theory and empirical evidence
181
436000
2000
Teorija i empirijski dokazi
07:33
Have already taught us.
182
438000
2000
već su nas naučili.
07:35
We don't need to invent solutions because we have them --
183
440000
3000
Ne moramo izmišljati rješenja jer ih već imamo --
07:38
cash flow loans
184
443000
2000
krediti novčanog toka
07:40
based in income rather than assets,
185
445000
2000
koji se temelje na prihodu, ne aktivi,
07:42
loans that use secure contracts rather than collateral,
186
447000
3000
krediti koji koriste sigurnosne umjesto dodatnih ugovora
07:45
because women often don't own land.
187
450000
3000
jer žene često ne posjeduju zemljište.
07:48
And Kiva.org, the microlender,
188
453000
2000
Kiva.org, stranica za mikrokreditiranje,
07:50
is actually now experimenting with crowdsourcing
189
455000
3000
trenutačno iskušava crowdsourcing
07:53
small and medium sized loans.
190
458000
2000
malih i srednjih kredita.
07:55
And that's just to start.
191
460000
3000
A to je samo početak.
07:58
Recently it has become very much in fashion
192
463000
3000
U posljednje je vrijeme postalo veoma moderno
08:01
to call women "the emerging market of the emerging market."
193
466000
4000
zvati žene "tržište u nastajanju tržišta u nastajanju".
08:05
I think that is terrific.
194
470000
2000
Mislim da je to izvrsno.
08:07
You know why?
195
472000
2000
Znate zašto?
08:09
Because -- and I say this as somebody who worked in finance --
196
474000
4000
Jer -- govorim ovo kao netko tko se bavio financijama --
08:13
500 billion dollars at least
197
478000
3000
najmanje 500 milijardi dolara
08:16
has gone into the emerging markets in the past decade.
198
481000
3000
posljednje je desetljeće otišlo tržištima u nastajanju.
08:19
Because investors saw the potential for return
199
484000
3000
jer su ulagači prepoznali potencijal povrata
08:22
at a time of slowing economic growth,
200
487000
2000
u vrijeme slabog ekonomskog rasta,
08:24
and so they created financial products
201
489000
2000
stvorili financijske proizvode
08:26
and financial innovation
202
491000
2000
i financijske inovacije
08:28
tailored to the emerging markets.
203
493000
3000
prilagođene tržištima u nastajanju.
08:31
How wonderful would it be
204
496000
3000
Zar ne bi bilo izvrsno
08:34
if we were prepared to replace all of our lofty words
205
499000
2000
kada bismo zamijenili svoje uzvišene riječi
08:36
with our wallets
206
501000
2000
novčanicima
08:38
and invest 500 billion dollars
207
503000
2000
i uložili 500 milijardi dolara
08:40
unleashing women's economic potential?
208
505000
3000
te oslobodili ekonomski potencijal žena?
08:43
Just think of the benefits
209
508000
2000
Razmislite o prednostima
08:45
when it comes to jobs, productivity,
210
510000
2000
što se tiče poslova, produktivnosti,
08:47
employment, child nutrition,
211
512000
2000
zapošljavanja, prehrane djece,
08:49
maternal mortality, literacy
212
514000
2000
maternalnog mortaliteta, pismenosti
08:51
and much, much more.
213
516000
4000
i još mnogo, mnogo toga.
08:55
Because, as the World Economic Forum noted,
214
520000
3000
Kao što je napomenuo Svjetski ekonomski forum
08:58
smaller gender gaps are directly correlated
215
523000
3000
manji rodni jazovi izravno su povezani
09:01
with increased economic competitiveness.
216
526000
2000
s povišenom ekonomskom konkurentnošću.
09:03
And not one country in all the world
217
528000
3000
Više je zemalja na svijetu
09:06
has eliminated its economic participation gap --
218
531000
3000
uklonilo jaz u ekonomskom sudjelovanju --
09:09
not one.
219
534000
2000
ne jedna.
09:11
So the great news
220
536000
2000
Dobre su vijesti
09:13
is this is an incredible opportunity.
221
538000
2000
da se radi o nevjerojatnoj prilici.
09:15
We have so much room to grow.
222
540000
3000
Imamo toliko prostora za napredak.
09:18
So you see,
223
543000
2000
Znate,
09:20
this is not about doing good,
224
545000
2000
ne radi se o pozitivnom djelovanju,
09:22
this is about global growth
225
547000
2000
nego o globalnom rastu
09:24
and global employment.
226
549000
2000
i globalnom zapošljavanju.
09:26
It is about how we invest
227
551000
2000
Radi se o načinu na koji ulažemo
09:28
and it's about how we see women.
228
553000
2000
i na koji vidimo žene.
09:30
And women can no longer be
229
555000
2000
Žene ne mogu više istovremeno
09:32
both half the population
230
557000
2000
činiti polovicu stanovništva
09:34
and a special interest group.
231
559000
2000
i posebnu interesnu skupinu.
09:36
(Applause)
232
561000
7000
(Pljesak)
09:43
Oftentimes I get into very interesting discussions with reporters
233
568000
3000
Često se nađem u zanimljivim raspravama s novinarima
09:46
who say to me, "Gayle, these are great stories,
234
571000
2000
koji mi kažu: "Gayle, to su divne priče,
09:48
but you're really writing about the exceptions."
235
573000
3000
no ti zapravo pišeš o iznimkama".
09:51
Now that makes me pause for just a couple reasons.
236
576000
3000
U tom trenutku zastanem iz nekoliko razloga.
09:54
First of all, for exceptions,
237
579000
2000
Kao prvo, što se tiče iznimaka,
09:56
there are a lot of them
238
581000
2000
ima ih mnogo
09:58
and they're important.
239
583000
3000
i važne su.
10:01
Secondly, when we talk about men who are succeeding,
240
586000
3000
Kao drugo, kada govorimo o uspješnim muškarcima,
10:04
we rightly consider them
241
589000
2000
s pravom ih smatramo
10:06
icons or pioneers or innovators
242
591000
2000
ikonama, pionirima ili inovatorima
10:08
to be emulated.
243
593000
2000
čiji primjer treba slijediti.
10:10
And when we talk about women,
244
595000
2000
A kada govorimo o ženama,
10:12
they are either exceptions to be dismissed
245
597000
3000
one su ili iznimke koje ne prihvaćamo
10:15
or aberrations to be ignored.
246
600000
3000
ili odstupanja koje treba zanemariti.
10:18
And finally,
247
603000
2000
Konačno,
10:20
there is no society anywhere in all the world
248
605000
3000
ne postoji društvo u svijetu
10:23
that is not changed
249
608000
2000
koje nisu promijenile
10:25
except by its most exceptional.
250
610000
2000
njegove najveće iznimke.
10:27
So why wouldn't we celebrate and elevate
251
612000
4000
Zašto ne bismo slavili i uzdizali one
10:31
these change makers and job creators
252
616000
2000
koji uvode promjene i stvaraju radna mjesta
10:33
rather than overlook them?
253
618000
3000
umjesto da ih ignoriramo?
10:36
This topic of resilience is very personal to me
254
621000
3000
Tema otpornosti iznimno mi je osobna
10:39
and in many ways has shaped my life.
255
624000
3000
i na brojne je načine oblikovala moj život.
10:42
My mom was a single mom
256
627000
2000
Moja je majka bila samohrana majka
10:44
who worked at the phone company during the day
257
629000
3000
koja je danju radila u telefonskom poduzeću
10:47
and sold Tupperware at night
258
632000
2000
a noću prodavala Tupperware
10:49
so that I could have every opportunity possible.
259
634000
3000
da bi mi osigurala sve moguće prilike.
10:52
We shopped double coupons
260
637000
2000
Kupovale smo dvostrukim kuponima
10:54
and layaway and consignment stores,
261
639000
2000
na poček i iz druge ruke,
10:56
and when she got sick with stage four breast cancer
262
641000
3000
a kada je oboljela od raka dojke četvrtog stadija
10:59
and could no longer work,
263
644000
2000
i nije više mogla raditi,
11:01
we even applied for food stamps.
264
646000
3000
prijavile smo se i za bonove za hranu.
11:04
And when I would feel sorry for myself
265
649000
2000
Kada bih sažalijevala samu sebe,
11:06
as nine or 10 year-old girls do,
266
651000
2000
kao što to rade 9- i 10-godišnjakinje,
11:08
she would say to me, "My dear, on a scale of major world tragedies,
267
653000
3000
rekla bi mi: "Draga, na ljestvici najvećih svjetskih tragedija
11:11
yours is not a three."
268
656000
2000
tvoja je pri samom dnu."
11:13
(Laughter)
269
658000
2000
(Smijeh)
11:15
And when I was applying to business school
270
660000
2000
Kada sam se prijavljivala za poslovnu školu
11:17
and felt certain I couldn't do it
271
662000
2000
i bila sigurna da ja to ne mogu
11:19
and nobody I knew had done it,
272
664000
2000
i nitko koga sam poznavala nije to učinio
11:21
I went to my aunt who survived years of beatings at the hand of her husband
273
666000
3000
otišla sam svojoj teti koju je muž godinama tukao
11:24
and escaped a marriage of abuse
274
669000
2000
i koja je pobjegla od zlostavljanja
11:26
with only her dignity intact.
275
671000
2000
s netaknutim ponosom.
11:28
And she told me,
276
673000
2000
Rekla mi je:
11:30
"Never import other people's limitations."
277
675000
3000
"Nikad ne preuzimaj ograničenja ostalih".
11:34
And when I complained to my grandmother,
278
679000
2000
Kada sam se žalila baki,
11:36
a World War II veteran
279
681000
2000
veteranki Drugog svjetskog rata
11:38
who worked in film for 50 years
280
683000
2000
koja je radila u filmskoj industriji 50 god
11:40
and who supported me from the age of 13,
281
685000
2000
i koja me uzdržavala od moje 13. godine
11:42
that I was terrified
282
687000
2000
da me užasno strah
11:44
that if I turned down a plum assignment at ABC
283
689000
2000
da, ako odbijem važan posao u ABC-u
11:46
for a fellowship overseas,
284
691000
2000
radi stipendije u inozemstvu,
11:48
I would never ever, ever find another job,
285
693000
3000
nikada neću pronaći novi posao
11:51
she said, "Kiddo, I'm going to tell you two things.
286
696000
2000
rekla je: "Mala, reći ću ti dvije stvari.
11:53
First of all, no one turns down a Fulbright,
287
698000
3000
Kao prvo, nitko ne odbija sudionike programa Fullbright,
11:56
and secondly, McDonald's is always hiring."
288
701000
3000
a kao drugo, McDonald's uvijek zapošljava".
11:59
(Laughter)
289
704000
2000
(Smijeh)
12:01
"You will find a job. Take the leap."
290
706000
3000
"Pronaći ćeš posao. Učini to."
12:05
The women in my family
291
710000
2000
Žene u mojoj obitelji
12:07
are not exceptions.
292
712000
2000
nisu iznimke.
12:09
The women in this room and watching in L.A.
293
714000
2000
Žene u ovoj prostoriji i gledateljice u L.A.-u
12:11
and all around the world
294
716000
2000
i diljem svijeta
12:13
are not exceptions.
295
718000
2000
nisu iznimke.
12:15
We are not a special interest group.
296
720000
3000
Mi nismo posebna interesna skupina.
12:18
We are the majority.
297
723000
2000
Mi smo većina.
12:20
And for far too long,
298
725000
2000
Predugo
12:22
we have underestimated ourselves
299
727000
2000
smo se podcjenjivale
12:24
and been undervalued by others.
300
729000
3000
i dopuštale drugima da nas podcjenjuju.
12:27
It is time for us to aim higher
301
732000
2000
Vrijeme je da počnemo ciljati više
12:29
when it comes to women,
302
734000
2000
što se tiče žena,
12:31
to invest more and to deploy our dollars
303
736000
3000
ulagati više i koristiti svoj novac
12:34
to benefit women all around the world.
304
739000
3000
da bismo pomogli ženama diljem svijeta.
12:37
We can make a difference,
305
742000
2000
Možemo uvesti promjene,
12:39
and make a difference, not just for women,
306
744000
2000
uvesti promjene ne samo za žene,
12:41
but for a global economy
307
746000
2000
već za svjetsku ekonomiju
12:43
that desperately needs their contributions.
308
748000
4000
koja očajnički treba njihov doprinos.
12:47
Together we can make certain
309
752000
2000
Zajedno se možemo uvjeriti
12:49
that the so-called exceptions
310
754000
2000
da takozvane iznimke
12:51
begin to rule.
311
756000
2000
počinju prevladavati.
12:53
When we change the way we see ourselves,
312
758000
3000
Kada promijenimo način na koji vidimo same sebe,
12:56
others will follow.
313
761000
2000
ostali će se priključiti.
12:58
And it is time for all of us
314
763000
2000
Vrijeme je da svi mi
13:00
to think bigger.
315
765000
2000
počnemo ciljati više.
13:02
Thank you very much.
316
767000
2000
Mnogo vam hvala.
13:04
(Applause)
317
769000
5000
(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Gayle Tzemach Lemmon - ReporterGayle Tzemach Lemmon writes about women around the world living their lives at war and in conflict zones.
Why you should listen
Gayle Tzemach Lemmon never set out to write about women entrepreneurs. After leaving ABC News for MBA study at Harvard, she was simply looking for a great -- and underreported -- economics story. What she found was women entrepreneurs in some of the toughest business environments creating jobs against daunting obstacles. Since then her writing on entrepreneurship has been published by the International Herald Tribune and Financial Times along with the World Bank and the International Finance Corporation.
Now a senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, Lemmon continues to travel the world reporting on economic and development issues with a focus on women. She is the author of Ashley's War: The Untold Story of a Team of Women Soldiers on the Special Ops Battlefield (2014), as well as the best seller The Dressmaker of Khair Khana (2011) about a young entrepreneur who supported her community under the Taliban.
Gayle Tzemach Lemmon | Speaker | TED.com