TEDGlobal 2009
Taryn Simon: Photographs of secret sites
Taryn Simon fotografira tajnovita mjesta
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Taryn Simon uprizoruje svoj potresan osvrt na fotografiju kako bi razotkrila svjetove i ljude koje inače ne bismo vidjeli. S nama dijeli dva projekta: jedan dokumentira onosvjetovne lokacije, inače držane tajnima od javnosti; drugi uključuje nezaboravne portrete ljudi osuđenih za zločine koje nisu počinili.
Taryn Simon - Artist
With a large-format camera and a knack for talking her way into forbidden zones, Taryn Simon photographs portions of the American infrastructure inaccessible to its inhabitants. Full bio
With a large-format camera and a knack for talking her way into forbidden zones, Taryn Simon photographs portions of the American infrastructure inaccessible to its inhabitants. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:18
Okay, so
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Znači,
00:20
90 percent of my photographic process
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90 posto mojeg fotografskog procesa
00:23
is, in fact, not photographic.
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ustvari nije fotografsko.
00:25
It involves a campaign of letter writing,
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Ono uključuje kampanju sadržanu od pisanja pisama,
00:28
research and phone calls
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istraživanja i telefonskih poziva
00:30
to access my subjects,
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kojima pristupam svojim subjektima,
00:32
which can range from Hamas leaders in Gaza
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koji variraju od vođa Hamasa u Gazi
00:35
to a hibernating black bear in its cave
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do crnog medvjeda koji hibernira u svojoj špilji
00:38
in West Virginia.
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u Zapadnoj Virginiji.
00:41
And oddly, the most notable
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I začudo, najznačajnije
00:44
letter of rejection I ever received
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pismo odbijanja koje sam ikada primila
00:46
came from Walt Disney World,
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došlo je od Walt Disney World-a,
00:48
a seemingly innocuous site.
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naizgled bezopasnog mjesta.
00:50
And it read -- I'm just going to read a key sentence:
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Pisalo je - pročitat ću glavnu rečenicu:
00:53
"Especially during these violent times,
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"Pogotovo, tijekom ovih nasilnih vremena,
00:56
I personally believe
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osobno vjerujem
00:58
that the magical spell cast upon guests who visit our theme parks
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kako je čaroliju, koja vlada posjetiteljima našeg tematskog parka,
01:02
is particularly important to protect
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posebno važno zaštititi,
01:05
and helps to provide them with an important fantasy
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i da pomaže osigurati važnu fantaziju
01:07
they can escape to."
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kojoj mogu pribjeći."
01:09
Photography threatens fantasy.
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Fotografija prijeti fantaziji.
01:12
They didn't want to let my camera in
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Nisu htjeli pustiti kameru unutra
01:14
because it confronts constructed realities, myths and beliefs,
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jer se ona suprotstavlja konstruiranim stvarnostima, mitovima i vjerovanjima,
01:18
and provides what appears to be
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i pruža nešto što se čini
01:21
evidence of a truth.
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dokazom istine.
01:23
But there are multiple truths attached to every image,
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Ali postoje višestruke istine vezane za svaku sliku,
01:26
depending on the creator's intention, the viewer
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ovisno o autorovoj namjeri, o promatraču,
01:29
and the context in which it is presented.
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i o kontekstu u kojem je prezentirana.
01:33
Over a five year period following September 11th,
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Tijekom petogodišnjeg perioda, nakon 11. rujna,
01:36
when the American media and government were seeking
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kada su američki mediji i vlada tražili
01:38
hidden and unknown sites
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skrivena i nepoznata mjesta
01:40
beyond its borders,
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izvan vlastitih granica,
01:42
most notably weapons of mass destruction,
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osobito oružja masovnog uništenja,
01:45
I chose to look inward at that which was integral
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odabrala sam gledati unutra, u integralni dio
01:48
to America's foundation,
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američkih temelja,
01:50
mythology and daily functioning.
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mitologiju i svakodnevno funkcioniranje.
01:52
I wanted to confront the boundaries of the citizen,
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Htjela sam suprotstaviti granice građana,
01:55
self-imposed and real,
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samo-nametnute i stvarne,
01:57
and confront the divide between privileged
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kao i podjelu između privilegiranog
02:00
and public access to knowledge.
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i javnog pristupa znanju.
02:04
It was a critical moment in American history
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Bio je to kritičan trenutak u američkoj
02:07
and global history
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i globalnoj povijesti
02:09
where one felt they didn't have access to accurate information.
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gdje se mogla osjetiti nemogućnost pristupa točnim informacijama.
02:12
And I wanted to see the center with my own eyes,
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Htjela sam vidjeti središte vlastitim očima,
02:16
but what I came away with is a photograph.
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ali iznjedrila se fotografija.
02:19
And it's just another place from which to observe,
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I to je samo još jedno mjesto za promatranje
02:21
and the understanding that
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i razumijevanje kako
02:23
there are no absolute, all-knowing insiders.
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ne postoje apsolutni, sveznajući insajderi.
02:26
And the outsider can never really reach the core.
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Onaj izvana nikada ne može u potpunosti dosegnuti srž.
02:31
I'm going to run through some of the photographs in this series.
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Prelistati ću neke fotografije iz ovog serijala.
02:35
It's titled, "An American Index
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Zove se "Američki indeks
02:37
of the Hidden and Unfamiliar,"
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skrivenog i nepoznatog",
02:39
and it's comprised of nearly 70 images.
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i sastoji se od skoro 70 slika.
02:42
In this context I'll just show you a few.
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U ovome kontekstu pokazati ću ih samo nekoliko.
02:44
This is a nuclear waste storage and encapsulation facility
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Ovo je skladište i objekt za oblaganje nuklearnog otpada
02:49
at Hanford site in Washington State,
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u Hanfordu, u državi Washington,
02:51
where there are over 1,900
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gdje se nalazi više od 1900
02:53
stainless steel capsules containing nuclear waste
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kapsula od nehrđajućeg čelika koje sadržavaju nuklearni otpad,
02:55
submerged in water.
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potopljen u vodi.
02:57
A human standing in front of an unprotected capsule would die instantly.
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Čovjek koji bi se našao pred nezaštićenom kapsulom, umro bi na mjestu.
03:01
And I found one section amongst all of these
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Pronašla sam jedan dio među svima,
03:04
that actually resembled the outline
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koji je nalikovao na obris
03:06
of the United States of America,
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Sjedinjenih Američkih Država,
03:08
which you can see here.
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što možete vidjeti ovdje.
03:10
And a big part of the work that is
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Veliki dio rada koji
03:12
sort of absent in this context is text.
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izostaje u ovome kontekstu je tekst.
03:16
So I create these two poles.
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Zato kreiram dva pola.
03:18
Every image is accompanied with a very detailed factual text.
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Svaku sliku prati detaljan činjenični tekst.
03:22
And what I'm most interested in
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I ono što mene najviše interesira je
03:24
is the invisible space between a text
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nevidljivi prostor između teksta
03:27
and its accompanying image,
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i pripadajuće slike,
03:29
and how the image is transformed by the text
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te kako tekst transformira sliku,
03:32
and the text by the image.
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a slika tekst.
03:34
So, at best, the image is meant to float away
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U idealnom slučaju, slika odpluta
03:36
into abstraction and multiple truths and fantasy.
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u apstrakciju, i višestruke istine, i fantaziju.
03:40
And then the text functions as this cruel anchor
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Tekst tada funkcionira kao okrutno sidro
03:43
that kind of nails it to the ground.
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koje ga pričvršćuje za dno.
03:45
But in this context I'm just going to read
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U ovome kontekstu pročitati ću
03:48
an abridged version of those texts.
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skraćenu verziju tih tekstova.
03:50
This is a cryopreservation unit,
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Ovo je krionička jedinica
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and it holds the bodies of the wife and mother
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i u njoj se nalaze tijela majke i žene
03:55
of cryonics pioneer Robert Ettinger,
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pionira krionike, Roberta Ettingera,
03:57
who hoped to be awoken one day to extended life
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koji se nadao probuditi jednoga dana u produženom životu,
04:00
in good health, with advancements in science and technology,
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u dobrome zdravlju, s napretkom u znanosti i tehnologiji,
04:04
all for the cost of 35 thousand dollars, for forever.
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i sve to za cijenu od 35.000 dolara, zauvijek.
04:09
This is a 21-year-old Palestinian woman
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Ovo je dvadesetjednogodišnja Palestinka
04:12
undergoing hymenoplasty.
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tijekom himenoplastike.
04:14
Hymenoplasty is a surgical procedure which restores the virginal state,
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Himenoplastika je kirurški zahvat tijekom kojeg se vraća djevičanstvo,
04:19
allowing her to adhere to certain cultural expectations
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i kojim joj je omogućeno održati određena kulturna očekivanja
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regarding virginity and marriage.
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vezana za nevinost i brak.
04:24
So it essentially reconstructs a ruptured hymen,
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U suštini, time se rekonstruira puknuti himen
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allowing her to bleed upon having sexual intercourse,
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zbog čega je seksualni odnos popraćen krvarenjem
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to simulate the loss of virginity.
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koje simulira gubitak nevinosti.
04:34
This is a jury simulation deliberation room,
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Ovo je simulacija porotničke vijećnice,
04:37
and you can see beyond that two-way mirror
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i, kao što možete vidjeti, iza dvostranog ogledala
04:39
jury advisers standing in a room behind the mirror.
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savjetnici porote stoje u sobi iza ogledala.
04:43
And they observe deliberations
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Promatraju vijećanje
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after mock trial proceedings
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nakon lažnog sudbenog postupka
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so that they can better advise their clients how to adjust their trial strategy
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kako bi mogli adekvatnije savjetovati klijente o prilagodbi svojih proceduralnih strategija
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to have the outcome that they're hoping for.
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za postizanje željenog ishoda.
04:54
This process costs 60,000 dollars.
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Ovaj proces košta 60.000 dolara.
04:59
This is a U.S. Customs and Border Protection room,
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Ovo je prostor carinske i pogranične zaštite Sjedinjenih Država,
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a contraband room, at John F. Kennedy International Airport.
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soba za krijumičarenje u međunarodnoj zrakoplovnoj luci John F. Kennedy.
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On that table you can see 48 hours' worth
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Na stolu se može vidjeti roba zaplijenjena tijekom 48 sati
05:09
of seized goods from passengers entering in to the United States.
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od putnika na ulasku u Sjedinjene Države.
05:13
There is a pig's head and African cane rats.
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Vidimo svinjsku glavu i afričke štakore.
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And part of my photographic work
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Dio mojega fotografskog rada
05:19
is I'm not just documenting what's there.
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nije samo dokumentiranje onoga što je tamo.
05:22
I do take certain liberties and intervene.
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Dajem si određenu slobodu i interveniram.
05:25
And in this I really wanted it to resemble
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I u tome sam htjela nalikovati
05:27
an early still-life painting,
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ranoj slici mrtve prirode
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so I spent some time with the smells and items.
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pa sam provela neko vrijeme s mirisima i predmetima.
05:34
This is the exhibited art on the walls of the CIA
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Ovo je umjetnost izložena na zidovima CIA-e
05:37
in Langley, Virginia, their original headquarters building.
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u Langleyju, Virginiji, njihovom originalnom glavnom sjedištu.
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And the CIA has had a long history
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CIA ima dugu povijest
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with both covert and public cultural diplomacy efforts.
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prikrivenih i javnih angažmana u kulturnoj diplomaciji.
05:47
And it's speculated that some of their interest in the arts
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Spekulira se kako je dio njezina interesa za umjetnost
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was designed to counter Soviet communism
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osmišljeno kao protuteža sovjetskom komunizmu
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and promote what it considered to be pro-American
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i promocija onoga što se smatralo pro-američkom
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thoughts and aesthetics.
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mišlju i estetikom.
05:56
And one of the art forms that elicited the interest of the agency,
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Jedan od umjetničkih oblika koji je izazvao interes agencije
06:00
and had thus come under question, is abstract expressionism.
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i zbog toga postao upitan, bio je apstraktni ekspresionizam.
06:06
This is the Forensic Anthropology Research Facility,
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Ovo je Postrojenje za istraživanja u forenzičkoj antropologiji
06:10
and on a six acre plot
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i prostire se na zemljištu veličine 6 jutara,
06:12
there are approximately 75 cadavers at any given time
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gdje se u svako doba nalazi oko 75 leševa
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that are being studied by forensic anthropologists
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koje proučavaju forenzički antropolozi
06:19
and researchers who are interested in monitoring
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i istraživači zainteresirani za mjerenje
06:22
a rate of corpse decomposition.
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brzine raspadanja leševa.
06:25
And in this particular photograph the body of a young boy
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I na ovoj konkretnoj fotografiji je tijelo mladoga dječaka
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has been used to reenact a crime scene.
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iskorišteno za uprizorenje scene zločina.
06:32
This is the only federally funded site
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Ovo je jedino federalno financirano mjesto
06:35
where it is legal to cultivate cannabis
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gdje je legalno uzgajati kanabis
06:38
for scientific research in the United States.
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za znanstvena istraživanja u Sjedinjenim Državama.
06:41
It's a research crop marijuana grow room.
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To je soba za istraživanje rasta usjeva marihuane.
06:43
And part of the work that I hope for
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Dio rada kojem se nadam
06:46
is that there is a sort of disorienting entropy
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je da postoji svojevrsna dezorijentirajuća entropija
06:49
where you can't find any discernible formula in how these things --
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u kojoj ne postoji primjetna formula za ove stvari -
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they sort of awkwardly jump from government to science
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one nespretno skaču s vlade na znanost,
06:56
to religion to security --
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na vjeru, na osiguranje,
06:58
and you can't completely understand
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i ne možete u potpunosti shvatiti
07:01
how information is being distributed.
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kako se informacija distribuira.
07:05
These are transatlantic submarine communication cables
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Postoje transatlantički podvodni kablovi za komunikaciju
07:08
that travel across the floor of the Atlantic Ocean,
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koji putuju diljem dna Atlantskog oceana,
07:11
connecting North America to Europe.
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povezujući Sjevernu Ameriku s Europom.
07:13
They carry over 60 million simultaneous voice conversations,
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Nose više od 60 milijuna simultanih razgovora,
07:17
and in a lot of the government and technology sites
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i na mnogim vladinim i tehnološkim lokacijama
07:20
there was just this very apparent vulnerability.
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postojala je očigledna ranjivost.
07:23
This one is almost humorous because it feels like I could
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Ovo zvuči duhovito jer se čini kao da bih mogla
07:25
just snip all of that conversation in one easy cut.
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prekinuti svu tu konverzaciju jednim jednostavnim rezom.
07:28
But stuff did feel like it could have been taken
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Ali stvari su se činile kao da su
07:32
30 or 40 years ago, like it was locked in the Cold War era
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30 ili 40 godina iz prošlosti, zaključane u eri Hladnog rata
07:36
and hadn't necessarily progressed.
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i nisu nužno napredovale.
07:39
This is a Braille edition of Playboy magazine.
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Ovo je Braillova edicija Playboy magazina.
07:42
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
07:44
And this is ... a division of the Library of Congress
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A ovo je... odijeljenje Kongresne knjižnice
07:46
produces a free national library service
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pruža besplatne knjižničke usluge
07:50
for the blind and visually impaired,
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za slijepe i slabovidne,
07:52
and the publications they choose to publish
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i publikacije koje objavljuju
07:54
are based on reader popularity.
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bazirane su na popularnosti među čitateljstvom.
07:57
And Playboy is always in the top few.
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I Playboy je uvijek u nekoliko najpopularnijih.
07:59
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
08:01
But you'd be surprised, they don't do the photographs. It's just the text.
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Ali začudili biste se, nema fotografija. Postoji samo tekst.
08:05
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
08:06
This is an avian quarantine facility
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Ovo je ptičja karantena
08:08
where all imported birds coming into America
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gdje sve ptice koje stignu u Ameriku
08:10
are required to undergo a 30-day quarantine,
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podliježu tridesetodnevnoj karanteni,
08:13
where they are tested for diseases
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gdje su testirane na bolesti,
08:15
including Exotic Newcastle Disease
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uključujući egzotični Newcastle virus
08:17
and Avian Influenza.
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i ptičju gripu.
08:21
This film shows
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Ovaj film pokazuje
08:25
the testing of a new explosive fill on a warhead.
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testiranje novog eksplozivnog punjenja na bojnoj glavi.
08:29
And the Air Armament Center
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Centar za zračno naoružanje
08:31
at Eglin Air Force Base in Florida
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u Eglinovoj Air Force bazi u Floridi
08:33
is responsible for the deployment and testing
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odgovoran je za razvoj i ispitivanje
08:35
of all air-delivered weaponry
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cijelog zračnog naoružanja
08:38
coming from the United States.
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koje dolazi iz Sjedinjenih Država.
08:42
And the film was shot on 72 millimeter, government-issue film.
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Film je snimljen na 72-milimetarskoj traci, po vladinom nalogu.
08:46
And that red dot is a marking on the government-issue film.
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Ova crvena točka je oznaka filma po vladinom nalogu.
08:50
All living white tigers in North America
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Svi živući bijeli tigrovi u Sjevernoj Americi
08:53
are the result of selective inbreeding --
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rezultat su selektivnog srodničkog parenja
08:55
that would be mother to son,
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majke sa sinom,
08:57
father to daughter, sister to brother --
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oca sa kćeri, sestre sa bratom -
08:59
to allow for the genetic conditions
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kako bi se ostvarili genetski uvjeti
09:02
that create a salable white tiger.
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koji stvaraju kurentnog bijelog tigra.
09:04
Meaning white fur, ice blue eyes, a pink nose.
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Točnije, s bijelim krznom, ledeno plavim očima, ružičastim nosom.
09:08
And the majority of these white tigers
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Većina bijelih tigrova
09:11
are not born in a salable state
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nisu rođeni u takvome stanju
09:13
and are killed at birth.
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i bivaju ubijeni pri rođenju.
09:15
It's a very violent process that is little known.
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Ovaj nasilan proces malo je poznat.
09:18
And the white tiger is obviously celebrated in several forms of entertainment.
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A bijeli tigar je očigledno slavljen u nekoliko zabavljačkih vrsta.
09:23
Kenny was born. He actually made it to adulthood.
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Kenny je rođen. Doživio je odraslost.
09:26
He has since passed away,
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Tada je uginuo,
09:28
but was mentally retarded
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ali je bio mentalno retardiran
09:30
and suffers from severe bone abnormalities.
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i bolovao od teških koštanih abnormalnosti.
09:34
This, on a lighter note, is at
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Sa svjetlije strane, ovo je u
09:36
George Lucas' personal archive.
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osobnoj arhivi Georgea Lucasa.
09:39
This is the Death Star.
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Ovo je Zvijezda smrti.
09:41
And it's shown here in its true orientation.
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Ovdje je pokazana u pravoj orijentaciji.
09:44
In the context of "Star Wars: Return of the Jedi,"
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U kontekstu filma Ratovi zvijezda: Povratak Jedija
09:46
its mirror image is presented.
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prikazana je njezina zrcalna slika.
09:48
They flip the negative.
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Prikazan je negativ.
09:50
And you can see the photoetched brass detailing,
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Možete vidjeti urezane detalje na mesingu
09:53
and the painted acrylic facade.
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i oslikanu akrilnu fasadu.
09:55
In the context of the film,
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U kontekstu filma,
09:57
this is a deep-space battle station of the Galactic Empire,
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ovo je vojna postaja Galaktičkog carstva u dubokome svemiru
10:00
capable of annihilating planets and civilizations,
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sposobnog uništiti planete i civilizacije
10:04
and in reality it measures about four feet by two feet.
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a u stvarnosti je velika 4x2 stope.
10:07
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
10:11
This is at Fort Campbell in Kentucky.
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Ovo je Fort Campbell u Kentuckyju.
10:14
It's a Military Operations on Urbanized Terrain site.
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Ovo je prostor za vojne operacije na urbaniziranom terenu.
10:17
Essentially they've simulated a city
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U srži, simuliran je grad
10:20
for urban combat,
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za urbane borbe
10:22
and this is one of the structures that exists in that city.
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i ovo je jedna od struktura koja postoji u tome gradu.
10:24
It's called the World Church of God.
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Zove se Svjetska Božja crkva.
10:27
It's supposed to be a generic site of worship.
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Predstavlja generičko mjesto štovanja.
10:30
And after I took this photograph,
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Nakon što sam ovo fotografirala,
10:33
they constructed a wall around the World Church of God
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sagrađen je zid oko Svjetske Božje crkve
10:35
to mimic the set-up of mosques in Afghanistan or Iraq.
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koji je imitirao džamije u Afganistanu ili Iraku.
10:40
And I worked with Mehta Vihar
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I radila sam s Mehtom Viharom
10:42
who creates virtual simulations for the army
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koji stvara virtualne simulacije za vojsku,
10:45
for tactical practice.
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za taktičke vježbe.
10:47
And we put that wall around the World Church of God,
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Stavili smo zid oko Crkve i
10:49
and also used the characters and vehicles and explosions
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koristili likove, vozila i eksplozije
10:53
that are offered in the video games for the army.
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ponuđene u video igrama za vojsku.
10:56
And I put them into my photograph.
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Stavila sam ih u svoju fotografiju.
11:00
This is live HIV virus
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To je živi virus HIV-a
11:02
at Harvard Medical School, who is working with the U.S. Government
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na harvardovom Medicinskom fakultetu, koji radi s vladom Sjedinjenih Država
11:04
to develop sterilizing immunity.
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na razvoju sterilizirajućeg imuniteta.
11:08
And Alhurra is a U.S. Government- sponsored
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Sponzorirana od strane američke vlade, Alhurra je
11:11
Arabic language television network
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televizijska mreža na arapskome jeziku
11:14
that distributes news and information to over 22 countries in the Arab world.
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koja distribuira vijesti i informacije u više od 22 zemlje arapskoga svijeta.
11:19
It runs 24 hours a day, commercial free.
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Emitira 24 sata dnevno, bez reklama.
11:22
However, it's illegal to broadcast Alhurra within the United States.
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Međutim, ilegalno je emitirati ju unutar Sjedinjenih Država.
11:27
And in 2004, they developed a channel called Alhurra Iraq,
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2004. razvijen je Alhurra Irak,
11:30
which specifically deals with events occurring in Iraq
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program specijaliziran za događaje vezane za Irak
11:33
and is broadcast to Iraq.
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koji se emitira u Iraku.
11:36
Now I'm going to move on to another project I did.
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Sad se prebacujem na svoj drugi projekt.
11:38
It's titled "The Innocents."
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Zove se "Nevini".
11:41
And for the men in these photographs,
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I za ljude ovdje,
11:43
photography had been used to create a fantasy.
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fotografija je iskorištena za stvaranje fantazije.
11:46
Contradicting its function as evidence of a truth,
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Proturječno svojoj funkciji, kao dokaz istini,
11:49
in these instances it furthered the fabrication of a lie.
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u ovim slučajevima je potpomogla konstruiranju laži.
11:53
I traveled across the United States
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Putovala sam diljem Amerike
11:55
photographing men and women who had been wrongfully convicted
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fotografirajući muškarce i žene, pogrešno osuđene
11:58
of crimes they did not commit, violent crimes.
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za zločine koje nisu počinili, nasilne zločine.
12:02
I investigate photography's ability to blur truth and fiction,
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Istražujem sposobnost fotografije da zamagli istinu i fikciju,
12:06
and its influence on memory,
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i njezin utjecaj na sjećanje
12:08
which can lead to severe, even lethal consequences.
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koji može dovesti do teških, čak smrtonosnih posljedica.
12:12
For the men in these photographs,
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Za ljude na ovim fotografijama
12:14
the primary cause of their wrongful conviction
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osnovni razlog njihove netočne osude
12:16
was mistaken identification.
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bila je zabuna u identifikaciji.
12:19
A victim or eyewitness identifies
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Žrtva ili svjedok identificira
12:21
a suspected perpetrator
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osumnjičenika
12:23
through law enforcement's use of images.
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koristeći fotografije na zakonski reguliran način.
12:26
But through exposure to composite sketches,
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No, kroz izloženost sastavljenim licima na crtežima,
12:28
Polaroids, mug shots and line-ups,
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polaroidima, policijskim slikama i postrojavanjima,
12:31
eyewitness testimony can change.
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iskaz svjedoka može se promijeniti.
12:33
I'll give you an example from a case.
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Dat ću vam primjer jednoga slučaja.
12:36
A woman was raped and presented with a series of photographs
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Žena je silovana te joj je ponuđen niz fotografija
12:39
from which to identify her attacker.
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od kojih je trebala identificirati napadača.
12:41
She saw some similarities in one of the photographs,
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Vidjela je neke sličnosti s licem na jednoj od fotografija,
12:45
but couldn't quite make a positive identification.
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ali ga nije mogla definitivno identificirati,
12:47
Days later, she is presented with another photo array
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Danima kasnije, nanovo joj je pokazano mnoštvo fotografija,
12:51
of all new photographs,
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sve nove,
12:53
except that one photograph that she had some draw to
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osim one jedne koja je privukla njezinu pažnju
12:56
from the earlier array is repeated in the second array.
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iz protekle skupine fotografija.
12:59
And a positive identification is made
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Tada je sa sigurnošću identificirala počinitelja
13:02
because the photograph replaced the memory,
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jer je fotografija zamijenila sjećanje,
13:04
if there ever was an actual memory.
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ako je stvarno ikada i postojalo.
13:08
Photography offered the criminal justice system
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Fotografija ponuđena u kaznenom pravosuđu
13:11
a tool that transformed innocent citizens into criminals,
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oruđe je koje transformira nevine građane u kriminalce,
13:14
and the criminal justice system failed to recognize the limitations
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a pravosuđe ne prepoznaje svoja ograničenja
13:18
of relying on photographic identifications.
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kada se oslanja na fotografske identifikacije.
13:22
Frederick Daye, who is photographed at his alibi location,
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Frederick Daye, fotografiran na lokaciji koja mu je pružila alibi,
13:26
where 13 witnesses placed him at the time of the crime.
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gdje ga je 13 svjedoka smjestilo za vrijeme počinjenja zločina.
13:29
He was convicted by an all-white jury
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Osudila ga je bjelačka porota
13:32
of rape, kidnapping and vehicle theft.
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za silovanje, otmicu i krađu vozila.
13:34
And he served 10 years of a life sentence.
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Odslužio je 10 godina kazne.
13:38
Now DNA exonerated Frederick
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DNK je oslobodio Fredericka
13:40
and it also implicated another man
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i upleo drugog čovjeka
13:42
who was serving time in prison.
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koji je služio zatvorsku kaznu.
13:44
But the victim refused to press charges
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Žrtva je odbila tužiti
13:46
because she claimed that law enforcement
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s tvrdnjom da joj je pravosudni sustav
13:48
had permanently altered her memory through the use of Frederick's photograph.
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trajno promijenio sjećanje korištenjem Frederickove fotografije.
13:53
Charles Fain was convicted of kidnapping, rape and murder
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Charles Fain je osuđen za otmicu, silovanje i ubojstvo
13:57
of a young girl walking to school.
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mlade djevojke na povratku iz škole.
13:59
He served 18 years of a death sentence.
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Služio je 18 godina kazne smrću.
14:02
I photographed him at the scene of the crime
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Fotografirala sam ga na mjestu zločina
14:04
at the Snake River in Idaho.
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u Snake Riveru, Idaho.
14:06
And I photographed all of the wrongfully convicted
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Fotografirala sam sve pogrešno osuđene
14:10
at sites that came to particular significance
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na mjestima koja su postala posebno značajna
14:15
in the history of their wrongful conviction.
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u povijesti njihovih pogrešnih osuda.
14:17
The scene of arrest, the scene of misidentification,
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Scena uhićenja, scena pogrešne identifikacije,
14:19
the alibi location.
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lokacija alibija.
14:21
And here, the scene of the crime, it's this place
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I ovdje, mjesto zločina je lokacija
14:23
to which he's never been, but changed his life forever.
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na kojoj nikada nisu bili, a koja im je zauvijek promijenila život.
14:27
So photographing there, I was hoping to highlight
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Fotografirajući tamo, htjela sam naglasiti
14:29
the tenuous relationship between truth and fiction,
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čvrstu vezu između istine i fikcije
14:32
in both his life and in photography.
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u njihovom životu, i također u fotografiji.
14:37
Calvin Washington was convicted of capital murder.
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Calvin Washington je osuđen zbog umorstva iz umišljaja.
14:40
He served 13 years of a life sentence in Waco, Texas.
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Odslužio je 13 godina kazne u Waco-u, Teksas.
14:45
Larry Mayes, I photographed at the scene of arrest,
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Larryja Mayesa sam fotografirala na mjestu uhićenja
14:48
where he hid between two mattresses in Gary, Indiana,
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gdje se sakrio među madracima u Garyju, Indiana,
14:50
in this very room to hide from the police.
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od policije, upravo u ovoj sobi.
14:54
He ended up serving 18 and a half years
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Na kraju je odslužio 18 i po godina
14:56
of an 80 year sentence for rape and robbery.
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od sveukupno 80 godina kazne za silovanje i pljačku.
14:59
The victim failed to identify Larry
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Žrtva nije uspjela identificirati Larryja
15:01
in two live lineups
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tijekom dva postrojenja,
15:03
and then made a positive identification, days later,
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ali ga je definitivno identificirala danima kasnije
15:06
from a photo array.
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iz mnoštva fotografija.
15:09
Larry Youngblood served eight years of a 10 and half year sentence
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Larry Youngblood je odslužio 8 od 10 i pol godina kazne
15:12
in Arizona for the abduction and repeated sodomizing
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u Arizoni za otmicu i opetovano sodomiziranje
15:16
of a 10 year old boy at a carnival.
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desetogodišnjaka na karnevalu.
15:19
He is photographed at his alibi location.
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Fotografiran je na mjestu svojeg alibija.
15:23
Ron Williamson. Ron was convicted of the rape and murder
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Ron Williamson. Ron je osuđen za silovanje i ubojstvo
15:27
of a barmaid at a club,
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konobarice u klubu
15:29
and served 11 years of a death sentence.
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i odlsužio je 11 godina smrtne kazne.
15:32
I photographed Ron at a baseball field
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Fotografirala sam Rona na bejzbol terenu
15:34
because he had been drafted to the Oakland A's
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zato što je unovačen u Oakland A momčad
15:36
to play professional baseball just before his conviction.
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kako bi se bavio profesionalnim bejzbolom neposredno prije osude.
15:40
And the state's key witness in Ron's case
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Ključni državni svjedok u Ronovu slučaju
15:43
was, in the end, the actual perpetrator.
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na kraju je bio sam počinitelj.
15:48
Ronald Jones served eight years of a death sentence
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Ronald Jones je odslužio 8 godina smrtne kazne
15:52
for rape and murder of a 28-year-old woman.
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za silovanje i umorstvo 28-godišnjakinje.
15:54
I photographed him at the scene of arrest in Chicago.
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Fotografirala sam ga na mjestu uhićenja u Chicagou.
15:59
William Gregory was convicted of rape and burglary.
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William Gregory je osuđen za provalu i silovanje.
16:03
He served seven years of a 70 year sentence in Kentucky.
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Odslužio je 7 od 70 godina kazne u Kentuckyju.
16:08
Timothy Durham, who I photographed at his alibi location
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Timothy Durham, kojeg sam fotografirala na lokaciji alibija,
16:11
where 11 witnesses placed him at the time of the crime,
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gdje ga je jedanaestero ljudi smjestilo za vrijeme zločina,
16:14
was convicted of 3.5 years
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osuđen je na 3.5 od
16:16
of a 3220 year sentence,
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3220 godina kazne
16:21
for several charges of rape and robbery.
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za nekoliko optužbi silovanja i pljački.
16:23
He had been misidentified by an 11-year-old victim.
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Pogrešno ga je identificirala jedanaestogodišnja žrtva.
16:28
Troy Webb is photographed here at the scene of the crime in Virginia.
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Troy Webb je fotografiran na mjestu zločina u Virginiji.
16:32
He was convicted of rape, kidnapping and robbery,
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Osuđen za silovanje, otmicu i pljačku,
16:35
and served seven years of a 47 year sentence.
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odslužio je 7 od 47 godina kazne.
16:39
Troy's picture was in a photo array
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Troyeva slika bila je među mnoštvom
16:41
that the victim tentatively had some draw toward,
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u kojem je privukla određenu pozornost žrtve,
16:43
but said he looked too old.
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premda je optuženi izgledao prestar.
16:46
The police went and found a photograph of Troy Webb
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Policija je pronašla fotografije
16:49
from four years earlier,
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četiri godine mlađeg Troya Webba
16:51
which they entered into a photo array days later,
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te ih je dan kasnije uvrstila u skup fotografija
16:54
and he was positively identified.
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iz kojeg je bio pozitivno identificiran.
16:58
Now I'm going to leave you with a self portrait.
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Sad vas ostavljam s autoportretom.
17:02
And it reiterates that distortion is a constant,
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I on ponavlja kako je distorzija konstantna,
17:06
and our eyes are easily deceived.
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i naše se oči lagano zavaraju.
17:19
That's it. Thank you.
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To je sve. Hvala.
17:21
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Taryn Simon - ArtistWith a large-format camera and a knack for talking her way into forbidden zones, Taryn Simon photographs portions of the American infrastructure inaccessible to its inhabitants.
Why you should listen
Taryn Simon is a multidisciplinary artist working in photography, text, sculpture and performance. Guided by an interest in systems of categorization and classification, her practice involves extensive research into the power and structure of secrecy and the precarious nature of survival. Her works have been the subject of exhibitions at the Louisiana Museum of Modern Art, Copenhagen (2016-17); The Albertinum, Dresden (2016); Galerie Rudolfinum, Prague (2016); Garage Museum of Contemporary Art, Moscow (2016); Jeu de Paume, Paris (2015); Ullens Center for Contemporary Art, Beijing (2013); Museum of Modern Art, New York (2012); Tate Modern, London (2011); Neue Nationalgalerie, Berlin (2011); and Whitney Museum of American Art, New York (2007).
In An American Index of the Hidden and Unfamiliar, Simon compiles an inventory of what lies hidden and out-of-view within the borders of the United States. She examines a culture through documentation of subjects from domains including: science, government, medicine, entertainment, nature, security and religion. Confronting the divide between those with and without the privilege of access, her collection reflects and reveals that which is integral to America’s foundation, mythology and daily functioning.
A Living Man Declared Dead and Other Chapters I-XVIII was produced over a four-year period (2008–11) during which Simon traveled around the world researching and recording bloodlines and their related stories. In each of the eighteen "chapters" comprising the work, the external forces of territory, power, circumstance or religion collide with the internal forces of psychological and physical inheritance. The subjects documented by Simon include victims of genocide in Bosnia, test rabbits infected with a lethal disease in Australia, the first woman to hijack an aircraft, and the living dead in India. Her collection is at once cohesive and arbitrary, mapping the relationships among chance, blood and other components of fate.
Permanent collections include Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; Tate Modern, London; the Guggenheim Museum, New York; Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris; and the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles. Her work was included in the 56th Venice Biennale (2015). Simon's installation, An Occupation of Loss (2016), co-commissioned by the Park Avenue Armory and Artangel, premiered in New York in 2016. The performance will be held again in London in 2018. Simon is a graduate of Brown University and a Guggenheim Fellow. She lives and works in New York.
Taryn Simon | Speaker | TED.com