TED2010
James Cameron: Before Avatar ... a curious boy
James Cameron: Prije Avatara ... znatiželjan dječak
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Visokobudžetni filmovi Jamesa Camerona (koji donose još veću bruto zaradu) stvaraju vlastite nestvarne svjetove. U ovom osobnom razgovoru James otkriva svoju očaranost fantastičnim iz djetinjstva -- od čitanja znanstvene fantastike do ronjenja u velike dubine -- i kako je to konačno dovelo do uspjeha njegovih hitova "Aliens", "Terminator", "Titanik" i "Avatar".
James Cameron - Director
James Cameron is the director of Avatar, Titanic, Terminator, The Abyss and many other blockbusters. While his outsize films push the bounds of technology, they're always anchored in human stories with heart and soul. Full bio
James Cameron is the director of Avatar, Titanic, Terminator, The Abyss and many other blockbusters. While his outsize films push the bounds of technology, they're always anchored in human stories with heart and soul. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
I grew up on a steady diet of science fiction.
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Odrastao sam na znanstvenoj fantastici.
00:20
In high school, I took a bus to school
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U srednjoj sam školi putovao autobusom
00:23
an hour each way every day.
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jedan sat u oba pravca svaki dan.
00:25
And I was always absorbed in a book,
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I uvijek sam bio udubljen u knjigu,
00:27
science fiction book,
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knjigu znanstvene fantastike,
00:29
which took my mind to other worlds,
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koja je odnosila moj um u druge svjetove,
00:32
and satisfied, in a narrative form,
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i koja je zadovoljavala, u narativnom obliku,
00:36
this insatiable sense of curiosity that I had.
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nezasitan osjećaj znatiželje koji sam imao.
00:41
And you know, that curiosity also manifested itself
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Znatiželja se također manifestirala
00:44
in the fact that whenever I wasn't in school
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u činjenici da kad god nisam bio u školi
00:47
I was out in the woods,
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bio sam vani u šumi,
00:49
hiking and taking "samples" --
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planinario i uzimao "uzorke",
00:53
frogs and snakes and bugs and pond water --
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žabe, zmije, kukce i vodu iz ribnjaka,
00:55
and bringing it back, looking at it under the microscope.
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i donosio ih nazad, promatrao ih pod mikroskopom.
00:58
You know, I was a real science geek.
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Bio sam pravi znanstveni lumen.
01:00
But it was all about trying to understand the world,
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No radilo se o pokušaju da se razumije svijet,
01:03
understand the limits of possibility.
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razumiju granice mogućnosti.
01:07
And my love of science fiction
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I moja ljubav prema znanstvenoj fantastici
01:11
actually seemed mirrored in the world around me,
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zapravo kao da se zrcalila u svijetu oko mene,
01:14
because what was happening, this was in the late '60s,
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zbog toga što se događalo, bilo je to kasnih '60-ih,
01:16
we were going to the moon,
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putovali smo na mjesec,
01:19
we were exploring the deep oceans.
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istraživali smo duboke oceane.
01:21
Jacques Cousteau was coming into our living rooms
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Jacques Cousteau je dolazio u naše dnevne boravke
01:24
with his amazing specials that showed us
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sa svojim nevjerojatnim specijalima koji su nam pokazivali
01:27
animals and places and a wondrous world
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životinje i mjesta i prekrasan svijet
01:29
that we could never really have previously imagined.
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koje nikad prije nismo mogli ni zamisliti.
01:32
So, that seemed to resonate
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Dakle, to je izgleda imalo odjek
01:34
with the whole science fiction part of it.
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u svoj toj znanstvenoj fantastici.
01:37
And I was an artist.
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I bio sam umjetnik.
01:39
I could draw. I could paint.
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Mogao sam crtati. Mogao sam slikati.
01:41
And I found that because there weren't video games
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I otkrio sam to jer tada nije bilo videoigara
01:44
and this saturation of CG movies and all of this
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i te zasićenosti kompjuterski stvorenim filmovima i svih tih
01:48
imagery in the media landscape,
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slika u medijskom krajoliku,
01:51
I had to create these images in my head.
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morao sam stvarati te slike u svojoj glavi.
01:53
You know, we all did, as kids having to
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Znate, svi smo to radili, kao djeca koja su morala
01:55
read a book, and through the author's description,
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čitati knjigu, i putem autorovog opisa
01:58
put something on the movie screen in our heads.
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staviti nešto na filmsko platno u našim glavama.
02:02
And so, my response to this was to paint, to draw
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Dakle, moj odgovor na to bio je da bojam, da slikam
02:05
alien creatures, alien worlds,
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vanzemaljska stvorenja, vanzemaljske svjetove,
02:07
robots, spaceships, all that stuff.
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robote, svemirske brodove, i tomu slično.
02:09
I was endlessly getting busted in math class
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Znali bi me uloviti na satovima matematike
02:12
doodling behind the textbook.
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kako šaram iza udžbenika.
02:15
That was -- the creativity
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To jest, kreativnost je
02:18
had to find its outlet somehow.
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morala nekako izaći.
02:22
And an interesting thing happened: The Jacques Cousteau shows
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I dogodila se zanimljiva stvar, emisije Jacquesa Cousteaua
02:25
actually got me very excited about the fact that there was
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zapravo su me jako uzbudile zbog činjenice da postoji
02:28
an alien world right here on Earth.
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vanzemaljski svijet upravo ovdje na Zemlji.
02:30
I might not really go to an alien world
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Možda neću stvarno otići u vanzemaljski svijet
02:33
on a spaceship someday --
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svemirskim brodom jednog dana.
02:35
that seemed pretty darn unlikely.
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To je izgledalo sasvim nevjerojatno.
02:38
But that was a world I could really go to,
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No to je bio svijet u koji sam stvarno mogao ići,
02:40
right here on Earth, that was as rich and exotic
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upravo ovdje na Zemlji, to je bilo bogato i egzotično
02:42
as anything that I had imagined
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kao bilo što što sam mogao zamisliti
02:45
from reading these books.
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čitajući te knjige.
02:47
So, I decided I was going to become a scuba diver
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Dakle, odlučio sam postati ronilac
02:49
at the age of 15.
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s 15 godina.
02:51
And the only problem with that was that I lived
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I jedini je problem bio u tome što sam živio
02:53
in a little village in Canada,
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u malom mjestu u Kanadi,
02:55
600 miles from the nearest ocean.
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600 milja od najbližeg oceana.
02:58
But I didn't let that daunt me.
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No nisam dopustio da me to zaplaši.
03:00
I pestered my father until he finally found
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Dosađivao sam svom ocu dok napokon nije pronašao
03:03
a scuba class in Buffalo, New York,
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tečaj ronjenja u Buffalu, New Yorku,
03:05
right across the border from where we live.
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prekoputa granice gdje smo živjeli.
03:07
And I actually got certified
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I stvarno sam dobio licencu
03:10
in a pool at a YMCA in the dead of winter
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u bazenu u YMCA-u usred zime
03:12
in Buffalo, New York.
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u Buffalu, New Yorku.
03:14
And I didn't see the ocean, a real ocean,
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I nisam vidio ocean, pravi ocean,
03:17
for another two years,
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sljedeće dvije godine,
03:19
until we moved to California.
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sve dok se nismo preselili u Kaliforniju.
03:21
Since then, in the intervening
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Otada, u posljednjih
03:24
40 years,
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40 godina,
03:26
I've spent about 3,000 hours underwater,
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proveo sam oko 3.000 sati pod vodom,
03:30
and 500 hours of that was in submersibles.
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I od toga 500 sati u podvodnim plovilima.
03:33
And I've learned that that deep-ocean environment,
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I naučio sam da je taj okoliš u dubokom oceanu,
03:36
and even the shallow oceans,
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i čak u pličinama,
03:38
are so rich with amazing life
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toliko bogat nevjerojatnim životom
03:42
that really is beyond our imagination.
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da doista nadmašuje našu maštu.
03:45
Nature's imagination is so boundless
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Mašta prirode je bezgranična
03:49
compared to our own
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u usporedbi s našom
03:51
meager human imagination.
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siromašnom ljudskom maštom.
03:53
I still, to this day, stand in absolute awe
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I još uvijek sam pun strahopoštovanja
03:55
of what I see when I make these dives.
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prema onome što vidim dok ronim.
03:58
And my love affair with the ocean is ongoing,
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I moja ljubav prema oceanu još traje
04:01
and just as strong as it ever was.
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i jača je no ikad.
04:03
But when I chose a career as an adult,
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No, kad sam odabrao zvanje, kao odrastao čovjek,
04:06
it was filmmaking.
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bilo je to stvaranje filmova.
04:09
And that seemed to be the best way to reconcile
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I to je izgleda bio najbolji način da se pomiri
04:12
this urge I had to tell stories
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ta težnja koju sam imao da pričam priče,
04:14
with my urges to create images.
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s mojim težnjama da stvaram slike.
04:18
And I was, as a kid, constantly drawing comic books, and so on.
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I stalno sam, kao dijete, crtao stripove, i tako dalje.
04:21
So, filmmaking was the way to put pictures and stories
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Dakle, stvaranje filmova bio je način da spojim slike i priče.
04:23
together, and that made sense.
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I to je imalo smisla.
04:25
And of course the stories that I chose to tell
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I naravno da su priče koje sam odabrao da ispričam
04:28
were science fiction stories: "Terminator," "Aliens"
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bile znanstveno-fantastične priče: "Terminator", "Aliens",
04:30
and "The Abyss."
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i "Bezdan".
04:32
And with "The Abyss," I was putting together my love
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I s "Bezdanom" spojio sam svoju ljubav
04:35
of underwater and diving with filmmaking.
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prema podmorju i ronjenju, sa stvaranjem filmova.
04:37
So, you know, merging the two passions.
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Znate, stapanje dviju strasti.
04:40
Something interesting came out of "The Abyss,"
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Nešto je zanimljivo proizašlo iz "Bezdana",
04:44
which was that to solve a specific narrative
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morali smo riješiti specifični narativni
04:47
problem on that film,
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problem u tom filmu,
04:50
which was to create this kind of liquid water creature,
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stvoriti tu vrstu bića od tekuće vode,
04:54
we actually embraced computer generated animation, CG.
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i morali smo preuzetu kompjuterski stvorenu animaciju, CG.
05:00
And this resulted in the first soft-surface
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I to je rezultiralo prvim likom
05:05
character, CG animation
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s mekanom površinom, kompjuterska animacija
05:08
that was ever in a movie.
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koje nikad prije nije bilo u filmu.
05:10
And even though the film didn't make any money --
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I iako film nije donio zaradu,
05:12
barely broke even, I should say --
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jedva se isplatio, rekao bih,
05:15
I witnessed something amazing, which is that the audience,
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svjedočio sam nečemu nevjerojatnom - publika iz cijelog svijeta
05:17
the global audience, was mesmerized
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bila je hipnotizirana
05:19
by this apparent magic.
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tom očitom čarolijom.
05:21
You know, it's Arthur Clarke's law
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Znate, zakon Arthura Clarkea kaže
05:23
that any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.
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da je bilo koja dovoljno napredna tehnologija neodvojiva od čarolije.
05:27
They were seeing something magical.
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Vidjeli su nešto čarobno.
05:30
And so that got me very excited.
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I to me je jako uzbudilo.
05:33
And I thought, "Wow, this is something that needs to be embraced
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I pomislio sam, "Uh, to je nešto što treba primijeniti
05:35
into the cinematic art."
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u kinematografiji."
05:37
So, with "Terminator 2," which was my next film,
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Dakle, s "Terminatorom 2", mojim sljedećim filmom,
05:39
we took that much farther.
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otišli smo puno dalje.
05:41
Working with ILM, we created the liquid metal dude
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Radeći s ILM-om, stvorili smo čovjeka od tekućeg metala
05:44
in that film. The success hung in the balance
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u tom filmu. Uspjeh filma je ovisio o tome
05:46
on whether that effect would work.
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da li će taj efekt uspjeti.
05:48
And it did, and we created magic again,
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I uspio je. I opet smo stvorili čaroliju.
05:50
and we had the same result with an audience --
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I imali smo isti rezultat s publikom.
05:52
although we did make a little more money on that one.
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Mada smo zaradili malo više novca na tom filmu.
05:54
So, drawing a line through those two dots
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Dakle, spajajući te dvije vrste
05:59
of experience
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iskustva,
06:02
came to, "This is going to be a whole new world,"
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shvatio sam da će to biti sasvim novi svijet,
06:04
this was a whole new world of creativity
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to je bio sasvim novi svijet kreativnosti
06:06
for film artists.
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za filmske umjetnike.
06:09
So, I started a company with Stan Winston,
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Dakle, osnovao sam kompaniju sa Stanom Winstonom,
06:11
my good friend Stan Winston,
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mojim dobrim prijateljem,
06:13
who is the premier make-up and creature designer
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glavnim dizajnerom kreatura i šminke
06:17
at that time, and it was called Digital Domain.
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u to vrijeme, i nazvana je Digital Domain.
06:20
And the concept of the company was
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Ideja kompanije je bila
06:22
that we would leapfrog past
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da preskočimo
06:25
the analog processes of optical printers and so on,
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analogne procese optičkih printera i tomu slično,
06:28
and we would go right to digital production.
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i odmah prijeđemo na digitalnu obradu.
06:30
And we actually did that and it gave us a competitive advantage for a while.
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I doista smo to učinili i to nam je dalo konkurentsku prednost na neko vrijeme.
06:34
But we found ourselves lagging in the mid '90s
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No sredinom '90-ih smo zaostajali
06:37
in the creature and character design stuff
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u dizajniranju stvorova i likova
06:40
that we had actually founded the company to do.
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zbog čega smo zapravo i osnovali kompaniju.
06:43
So, I wrote this piece called "Avatar,"
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Dakle, napisao sam komad pod nazivom "Avatar",
06:45
which was meant to absolutely push the envelope
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koji je trebao apsolutno pomaknuti granice
06:49
of visual effects,
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vizualnih efekata,
06:51
of CG effects, beyond,
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kompjuterski stvorenih efekata, više,
06:53
with realistic human emotive characters
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s karakterima realističnih ljudskih emocija
06:57
generated in CG,
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kompjuterski stvorenih
06:59
and the main characters would all be in CG,
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i glavni karakteri su trebali biti kompjuterski animirani.
07:01
and the world would be in CG.
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Također i njihov svijet.
07:03
And the envelope pushed back,
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No granice su se vratile.
07:05
and I was told by the folks at my company
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I ljudi iz moje kompanije su mi rekli
07:10
that we weren't going to be able to do this for a while.
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da to nećemo moći učiniti neko vrijeme.
07:12
So, I shelved it, and I made this other movie about a big ship that sinks.
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Stavio sam to na policu, i napravio taj drugi film o velikom brodu koji tone.
07:16
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
07:19
You know, I went and pitched it to the studio as "'Romeo and Juliet' on a ship:
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Znate, predstavio sam ga studiju kao "'Romeo i Julija' na brodu".
07:22
"It's going to be this epic romance,
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Bit će to epska romantična priča,
07:24
passionate film."
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strastven film.
07:26
Secretly, what I wanted to do was
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Potajno sam htio
07:28
I wanted to dive to the real wreck of "Titanic."
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roniti do stvarne olupine "Titanika".
07:31
And that's why I made the movie.
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I zato sam napravio taj film.
07:33
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
07:37
And that's the truth. Now, the studio didn't know that.
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I to je istina. Studio to nije znao.
07:39
But I convinced them. I said,
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No uvjerio sam ih. Rekao sam,
07:41
"We're going to dive to the wreck. We're going to film it for real.
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"Namjeravamo roniti do olupine. Namjeravamo je stvarno snimiti.
07:43
We'll be using it in the opening of the film.
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Upotrijebit ćemo to na početku filma.
07:46
It will be really important. It will be a great marketing hook."
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To će biti doista važno. Bit će to veliki marketinški trik."
07:48
And I talked them into funding an expedition.
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I nagovorio sam ih da financiraju ekspediciju.
07:50
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
07:52
Sounds crazy. But this goes back to that theme
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Zvuči ludo. No to se vraća na temu o
07:54
about your imagination creating a reality.
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vašoj mašti koja stvara realnost.
07:57
Because we actually created a reality where six months later,
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Zato što smo mi zapravo stvorili realnost šest mjeseci kasnije
07:59
I find myself in a Russian submersible
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u ruskoj podmornici
08:01
two and a half miles down in the north Atlantic,
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dvije i pol milje dolje u sjevernom Atlantiku,
08:04
looking at the real Titanic through a view port.
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gledajući stvarni Titanik kroz prozorčić,
08:06
Not a movie, not HD -- for real.
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ne kao film, ne u HD-u, za stvarno.
08:09
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
08:12
Now, that blew my mind.
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To me potreslo.
08:14
And it took a lot of preparation, we had to build cameras
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Puno smo se pripremali, morali smo napraviti kamere
08:16
and lights and all kinds of things.
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i svjetla i razno razne stvari.
08:18
But, it struck me how much
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No iznenadilo me koliko je
08:20
this dive, these deep dives,
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taj zaron, ti duboki zaroni
08:22
was like a space mission.
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bili nalik na svemirsku misiju.
08:24
You know, where it was highly technical,
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Znate, bilo je visokotehnološko
08:26
and it required enormous planning.
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i zahtijevalo je puno planiranja.
08:28
You get in this capsule, you go down to this dark
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Ulazite u tu kapsulu, idete dolje u to mračno
08:30
hostile environment
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neprijateljsko okruženje
08:33
where there is no hope of rescue
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gdje nema nade za spas
08:35
if you can't get back by yourself.
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ako se ne možeš vratiti sam.
08:37
And I thought like, "Wow. I'm like,
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I pomislio sam, "Uh. Kao da
08:39
living in a science fiction movie.
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živim u znanstveno-fantastičnom filmu.
08:41
This is really cool."
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To je stvarno cool."
08:43
And so, I really got bitten by the bug of deep-ocean exploration.
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Doista sam se bio navukao na istraživanja dubokih oceana.
08:46
Of course, the curiosity, the science component of it --
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Naravno, znatiželja, znanstvena komponenta svega toga.
08:49
it was everything. It was adventure,
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To je bilo sve. Avantura,
08:51
it was curiosity, it was imagination.
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znatiželja. Mašta.
08:53
And it was an experience that
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To je bilo iskustvo koje mi
08:56
Hollywood couldn't give me.
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Hollywood nije mogao dati.
08:58
Because, you know, I could imagine a creature and we could
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Zato što mogu zamisliti stvorenje i mi možemo
09:00
create a visual effect for it. But I couldn't imagine what I was seeing
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stvoriti vizualni efekt za nj. No ja nisam mogao zamisliti ono što sam vidio
09:02
out that window.
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kroz taj prozorčić.
09:04
As we did some of our subsequent expeditions,
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Kako smo išli na daljnje ekspedicije
09:07
I was seeing creatures at hydrothermal vents
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viđao sam stvorenja kraj hidrotermalnih otvora
09:09
and sometimes things that I had never seen before,
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i ponekad stvari koje nikad prije nisam vidio,
09:13
sometimes things that no one had seen before,
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ponekad stvari koje nitko prije nije vidio,
09:15
that actually were not described by science
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koje zapravo znanost još nije objasnila
09:17
at the time that we saw them and imaged them.
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u vrijeme kad smo ih vidjeli i snimili.
09:20
So, I was completely smitten by this,
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Bio sam potpuno očaran time,
09:23
and had to do more.
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i morao sam napraviti više.
09:25
And so, I actually made a kind of curious decision.
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Zapravo sam donio svojevrsnu zanimljivu odluku.
09:27
After the success of "Titanic,"
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Nakon uspjeha "Titanika",
09:29
I said, "OK, I'm going to park my day job
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rekao sam, "U redu, zasad ću ostaviti svoj posao
09:32
as a Hollywood movie maker,
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hollywoodskog filmaša,
09:34
and I'm going to go be a full-time explorer for a while."
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i postat ću istraživač na neko vrijeme."
09:38
And so, we started planning these
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Počeli smo planirati te
09:40
expeditions.
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ekspedicije.
09:42
And we wound up going to the Bismark,
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I završili bi kod Bismarka,
09:44
and exploring it with robotic vehicles.
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i istraživali ga robotskim vozilom.
09:48
We went back to the Titanic wreck.
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Vratili smo se olupini Titanika.
09:50
We took little bots that we had created
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Uzeli smo male robote koje smo napravili
09:52
that spooled a fiber optic.
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koji su vukli optičko vlakno.
09:54
And the idea was to go in and do an interior
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Zamisao je bila da se uđe unutra i pregleda
09:56
survey of that ship, which had never been done.
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unutrašnjost broda, što nikad prije nije napravljeno.
10:00
Nobody had ever looked inside the wreck. They didn't have the means to do it,
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Nitko nikad nije pogledao unutar olupine. Nisu postojala sredstva za to,
10:02
so we created technology to do it.
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pa smo mi stvorili tehnologiju da se to napravi.
10:05
So, you know, here I am now, on the deck
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Dakle, ovdje sam, na palubi
10:07
of Titanic, sitting in a submersible,
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Titanika, sjedim u podmornici,
10:10
and looking out at planks that look much like this,
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i gledam pod nalik na ovaj,
10:13
where I knew that the band had played.
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za koji sam znao da je na njemu svirao orkestar.
10:16
And I'm flying a little robotic vehicle
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I upravljam malim robotskim vozilom
10:18
through the corridor of the ship.
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kroz hodnik broda.
10:21
When I say, "I'm operating it,"
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Kad kažem, upravljam njime,
10:24
but my mind is in the vehicle.
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no moj um je u vozilu.
10:27
I felt like I was physically present
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Osjećao sam kao da sam fizički prisutan
10:29
inside the shipwreck of Titanic.
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u olupini Titanika.
10:31
And it was the most surreal kind
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I to je bilo najveće nadrealističko
10:33
of deja vu experience I've ever had,
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iskustvo "već viđenog" koje sam ikad imao,
10:35
because I would know before I turned a corner
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zato što sam znao prije nego što bih zašao za ugao
10:39
what was going to be there before the lights
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što će se pojaviti prije nego što to svjetla
10:41
of the vehicle actually revealed it,
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vozila stvarno otkriju,
10:43
because I had walked the set for months
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zato što sam šetao setom mjesecima
10:45
when we were making the movie.
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kad smo snimali film.
10:48
And the set was based as an exact replica
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I set se bazirao na točnoj kopiji
10:50
on the blueprints of the ship.
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nacrta broda.
10:52
So, it was this absolutely remarkable experience.
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Dakle, bilo je to apsolutno izvanredno iskustvo.
10:55
And it really made me realize that
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Shvatio sam da je
10:57
the telepresence experience --
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iskustvo daljinskog upravljanja moguće,
10:59
that you actually can have these robotic avatars,
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da doista možete imati te robotske avatare,
11:01
then your consciousness is injected into the vehicle,
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gdje je vaša svijest ubačena u vozilo,
11:06
into this other form of existence.
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u taj drugi oblik postojanja.
11:08
It was really, really quite profound.
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Bilo je to stvarno stvarno intenzivno iskustvo.
11:10
And it may be a little bit of a glimpse as to what might be happening
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I možda tračak nečega što će se događati
11:13
some decades out
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za nekoliko desetljeća
11:15
as we start to have cyborg bodies
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kad ćemo imati kibernetička tijela
11:18
for exploration or for other means
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za istraživanje ili u neke druge svrhe
11:20
in many sort of
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u različitim oblicima
11:22
post-human futures
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postljudskih budućnosti
11:24
that I can imagine,
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koje mogu zamisliti,
11:26
as a science fiction fan.
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kao obožavatelj znanstvene fantastike.
11:28
So, having done these expeditions,
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Dakle, bio sam na tim ekspedicijama,
11:33
and really beginning to appreciate what was down there,
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stvarno sam počeo cijeniti ono što se nalazi tamo dolje,
11:37
such as at the deep ocean vents
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primjerice kraj otvora u dubokom oceanu
11:40
where we had these amazing, amazing animals --
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gdje se nalaze te nevjerojatne nevjerojatne životinje.
11:43
they're basically aliens right here on Earth.
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To su u osnovi vanzemaljci upravo ovdje na Zemlji.
11:45
They live in an environment of chemosynthesis.
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Žive u okruženju kemosinteze.
11:48
They don't survive on sunlight-based
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Ne mogu preživjeti u sustavu
11:50
system the way we do.
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koji se bazira na suncu, kao mi.
11:52
And so, you're seeing animals that are living next to
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Možete vidjeti životinje koje žive pokraj
11:54
a 500-degree-Centigrade
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mlazova vode
11:56
water plumes.
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temperature 500 Celzijevih stupnjeva.
11:58
You think they can't possibly exist.
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Mislite da jednostavno ne mogu postojati.
12:00
At the same time
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Istovremeno sam
12:02
I was getting very interested in space science as well --
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postao jako zainteresiran za znanost o svemiru,
12:05
again, it's the science fiction influence, as a kid.
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opet pod utjecajem znanstvene fantastike iz djetinjstva.
12:08
And I wound up getting involved with
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Uključio sam se u
12:10
the space community,
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svemirsku zajednicu,
12:12
really involved with NASA,
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u rad s NASA-om,
12:14
sitting on the NASA advisory board,
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sjedio u savjetničkom odboru NASA-e,
12:17
planning actual space missions,
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planirao prave svemirske misije,
12:19
going to Russia, going through the pre-cosmonaut
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putovao u Rusiju, išao na
12:21
biomedical protocols,
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medicinske provjere prije leta u svemir,
12:23
and all these sorts of things,
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i tomu slično,
12:25
to actually go and fly to the international space station
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da bi stvarno išao i letio na internacionalnu svemirsku postaju
12:27
with our 3D camera systems.
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s našim sustavima trodimenzionalnih kamera.
12:29
And this was fascinating.
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To je bilo fascinantno.
12:31
But what I wound up doing was bringing space scientists
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No na kraju sam dovodio znanstvenike
12:33
with us into the deep.
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k nama u dubinu.
12:36
And taking them down so that they had access --
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I vodio ih dolje gdje su imali dostup
12:39
astrobiologists, planetary scientists,
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astrobiologe, planetologe,
12:42
people who were interested in these extreme environments --
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ljude koji su bili zainteresirani za ta ekstremna okruženja,
12:45
taking them down to the vents, and letting them see,
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vodio ih dolje do otvora, i davao im da vide,
12:48
and take samples and test instruments, and so on.
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da uzimaju uzorke i testiraju instrumente, i tako dalje.
12:50
So, here we were making documentary films,
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Stvarali smo dokumentarne filmove,
12:52
but actually doing science,
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no zapravo smo se bavili znanošću,
12:54
and actually doing space science.
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zapravo znanošću o svemiru.
12:56
I'd completely closed the loop
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U potpunosti sam zatvorio krug
12:58
between being the science fiction fan,
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između bavljenja znanstvenom fantastikom
13:00
you know, as a kid,
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kao dijete,
13:02
and doing this stuff for real.
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i bavljenja time za stvarno.
13:04
And you know, along the way in this journey
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I za vrijeme tog putovanja
13:07
of discovery,
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otkrića,
13:09
I learned a lot.
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puno sam naučio.
13:11
I learned a lot about science. But I also learned a lot
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Naučio sam puno o znanosti. No također sam naučio puno
13:13
about leadership.
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o vodstvu.
13:16
Now you think director has got to be a leader,
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Sad mislite da režiser mora biti vođa,
13:18
leader of, captain of the ship, and all that sort of thing.
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vođa, kapetan broda, i tomu slično.
13:20
I didn't really learn about leadership
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Nisam zapravo učio o vodstvu
13:22
until I did these expeditions.
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dok nisam otišao na te ekspedicije.
13:25
Because I had to, at a certain point, say,
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Zato što sam morao, u određenom trenutku, reći,
13:28
"What am I doing out here?
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"Što ja radim ovdje?
13:30
Why am I doing this? What do I get out of it?"
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Zašto to radim? Što imam od toga?"
13:33
We don't make money at these damn shows.
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Ne zarađujemo novac od tih prokletih filmova.
13:36
We barely break even. There is no fame in it.
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Jedva nam se isplatilo. Od toga nema slave.
13:38
People sort of think I went away
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Ljudi su mislili da sam otišao
13:40
between "Titanic" and "Avatar" and was buffing my nails
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između "Titanika" i "Avatara" i da negdje rašpam nokte,
13:42
someplace, sitting at the beach.
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sjedeći na plaži.
13:44
Made all these films, made all these documentary films
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Napravio sam sve te filmove, sve te dokumentarne filmove
13:47
for a very limited audience.
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za ograničenu publiku.
13:49
No fame, no glory, no money. What are you doing?
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Nema slave, ugleda, novca. Što to radiš?
13:52
You're doing it for the task itself,
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Radiš zbog samog posla,
13:54
for the challenge --
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zbog izazova --
13:56
and the ocean is the most challenging environment there is --
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i ocean je najizazovnije okruženje koje postoji,
13:59
for the thrill of discovery,
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zbog uzbuđenja otkrića,
14:02
and for that strange bond that happens
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i zbog te neobične veze koja se dogodi
14:05
when a small group of people form a tightly knit team.
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kad mala grupa ljudi stvori tijesno povezan tim.
14:08
Because we would do these things with 10, 12 people,
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Zato što bismo radili te stvari sa 10-12 ljudi
14:11
working for years at a time,
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radeći nekoliko godina zaredom.
14:13
sometimes at sea for two, three months at a time.
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Ponekad na moru 2-3 mjeseca zaredom.
14:17
And in that bond, you realize
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I u toj vezi shvatite
14:20
that the most important thing
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da je najvažnija stvar
14:22
is the respect that you have for them
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vaše poštovanje prema njima
14:24
and that they have for you, that you've done a task
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i njihovo prema vama, da ste obavili posao
14:27
that you can't explain to someone else.
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koji ne možete nikome drugome objasniti.
14:29
When you come back to the shore and you say,
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Kad dođete nazad na obalu i kažete,
14:31
"We had to do this, and the fiber optic, and the attentuation,
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"Moramo napraviti ovo, i optičko vlakno, i atentuaciju,
14:33
and the this and the that,
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i ovo i ono,
14:35
all the technology of it, and the difficulty,
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svu tehnologiju, teškoće,
14:37
the human-performance aspects of working at sea,"
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aspekte ljudskog djelovanja u radu na moru,
14:40
you can't explain it to people. It's that thing that
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ne možete objasniti ljudima. To je nešto
14:42
maybe cops have, or people in combat that have gone through something together
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što možda imaju policajci, ili ljudi u borbi koji su prošli nešto zajedno
14:46
and they know they can never explain it.
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i koji znaju da to nikad neće moći objasniti.
14:48
Creates a bond, creates a bond of respect.
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Stvara se veza, veza zasnovana na poštovanju.
14:50
So, when I came back to make my next movie,
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Kad sam se vratio da snimim sljedeći film,
14:52
which was "Avatar,"
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to je bio "Avatar",
14:55
I tried to apply that same principle of leadership,
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pokušao sam primijeniti iste principe vodstva
14:58
which is that you respect your team,
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a to je da poštujete svoj tim,
15:00
and you earn their respect in return.
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i da zaslužite njihovo poštovanje zauzvrat.
15:02
And it really changed the dynamic.
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I to je doista promijenilo dinamiku.
15:04
So, here I was again with a small team,
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I evo me opet s malim timom,
15:07
in uncharted territory,
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na nepoznatom teritoriju
15:09
doing "Avatar," coming up with new technology
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radim "Avatar", stvaram novu tehnologiju
15:11
that didn't exist before.
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koja prije nije postojala.
15:13
Tremendously exciting.
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Strahovito uzbudljivo.
15:15
Tremendously challenging.
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Strahovito izazovno.
15:17
And we became a family, over a four-and-half year period.
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Postali smo obitelj, u razdoblju od četiri i pol godine.
15:19
And it completely changed how I do movies.
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To je u potpunosti promijenilo način na koji radim filmove.
15:22
So, people have commented on how, "Well, you know,
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Ljudi su komentirali kako ste
15:24
you brought back the ocean organisms
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donijeli nazad organizme iz oceana
15:27
and put them on the planet of Pandora."
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i stavili ih na planet Pandoru.
15:29
To me, it was more of a fundamental way of doing business,
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Za mene je to bilo više od osnovnog načina poslovanja,
15:31
the process itself, that changed as a result of that.
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sam proces koji se promijenio kao rezultat toga.
15:35
So, what can we synthesize out of all this?
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Dakle, što možemo zaključiti iz svega toga?
15:37
You know, what are the lessons learned?
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Koje smo lekcije naučili?
15:40
Well, I think number one is
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Mislim da je broj jedan
15:42
curiosity.
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znatiželja.
15:44
It's the most powerful thing you own.
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To je najmoćnija stvar koju imate.
15:47
Imagination is a force
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Mašta je snaga
15:50
that can actually manifest a reality.
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koja može doista manifestirati stvarnost.
15:54
And the respect of your team
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I poštovanje vašeg tima je
15:58
is more important than all the
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važnije od svih
16:00
laurels in the world.
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lovorika na svijetu.
16:03
I have young filmmakers
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Mladi filmaši
16:05
come up to me and say, "Give me some advice for doing this."
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mi prilaze i govore, "Dajte mi savjet kako da ovo napravim."
16:09
And I say, "Don't put limitations on yourself.
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I ja kažem, "Ne ograničavaj se.
16:13
Other people will do that for you -- don't do it to yourself,
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Drugi ljudi će to raditi za tebe, nemoj si to sam raditi,
16:15
don't bet against yourself,
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nemoj raditi protiv sebe.
16:17
and take risks."
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I riskiraj."
16:19
NASA has this phrase that they like:
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NASA ima izraz koji vole:
16:22
"Failure is not an option."
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"Neuspjeh nije opcija."
16:24
But failure has to be an option
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No neuspjeh mora biti opcija
16:27
in art and in exploration, because it's a leap of faith.
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u umjetnosti i istraživanju, zato što je to put u neizvjesnost.
16:30
And no important endeavor
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I nijedno važno nastojanje
16:32
that required innovation
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koje zahtijeva inovaciju
16:34
was done without risk.
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nije napravljeno bez rizika.
16:36
You have to be willing to take those risks.
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Morate biti spremni riskirati.
16:39
So, that's the thought I would leave you with,
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To je misao s kojom bih vas ostavio,
16:41
is that in whatever you're doing,
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štogod radite,
16:44
failure is an option,
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neuspjeh je opcija,
16:47
but fear is not. Thank you.
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no strah nije. Hvala vam.
16:50
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
James Cameron - DirectorJames Cameron is the director of Avatar, Titanic, Terminator, The Abyss and many other blockbusters. While his outsize films push the bounds of technology, they're always anchored in human stories with heart and soul.
Why you should listen
James Cameron has written and directed some of the largest blockbuster movies of the last 20 years, including The Terminator, Aliens, The Abyss, Terminator 2: Judgment Day, Titanic, and Avatar. His films pushed the limits of special effects, and his fascination with technical developments led him to co-create the 3-D Fusion Camera System. He has also contributed to new techniques in underwater filming and remote vehicle technology.
Although now a major filmmaker, Cameron's first job was as a truck driver and he wrote only in his spare time. After seeing Star Wars, he quit that job and wrote his first science fiction script for a ten-minute short called Xenogenesis. Soon after, he began working with special effects, and by 1984 he had written and directed the movie that would change his life -- The Terminator. Today, he has received three Academy Awards, two honorary doctorates and sits on the NASA Advisory Council.
Read more about Cameron's planned trip to the Challenger Deep, the deepest point yet reached in the ocean »
James Cameron | Speaker | TED.com