TEDMED 2009
Dean Kamen: The emotion behind invention
Dean Kamen: Emocije i inventivnost
Filmed:
Readability: 3
598,766 views
Vojnici koji su izgubili udove tijekom službe svakodnevno se nose s problemima koji su nama nezamislivi. Na TEDMED događaju Dean Kamen govori o ljudima i pričama koje su ga motivirale da im svojim radom vrati dijelove njihovih života dizajnirajući izvanrednu umjetnu ruku.
Dean Kamen - Inventor
Dean Kamen landed in the limelight with the Segway, but he has been innovating since high school, with more than 150 patents under his belt. Recent projects include portable energy and water purification for the developing world, and a prosthetic arm for maimed soldiers. Full bio
Dean Kamen landed in the limelight with the Segway, but he has been innovating since high school, with more than 150 patents under his belt. Recent projects include portable energy and water purification for the developing world, and a prosthetic arm for maimed soldiers. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
It's not about technology,
0
0
2000
Nije stvar u tehnologiji,
00:17
it's about people and stories.
1
2000
2000
već u ljudima i pričama.
00:19
I could show you
2
4000
2000
Mogao bih vam pokazati ono
00:21
what recently was on television
3
6000
2000
što je nedavno bilo na televiziji.
00:23
as a high quality video:
4
8000
2000
To je vrlo kvalitetan video
00:25
60 Minutes, many of you may have seen it.
5
10000
3000
iz emisije 60 Minutes, možda ste ga vidjeli.
00:28
And it was the now director of the entire piece
6
13000
3000
Upravo se sadašnji načelnik jednog dijela
00:31
of the veteran's administration --
7
16000
3000
Uprave za ratne veterane --
00:34
who, himself, had lost an arm 39 years ago
8
19000
3000
koji je i sam izgubio ruku prije 39 godina
00:37
in Vietnam --
9
22000
3000
u Vijetnamu --
00:40
who was adamantly opposed to these crazy devices
10
25000
2000
nepopustljivo protivio tim ludim napravama
00:42
that don't work.
11
27000
3000
koje ne funkcioniraju.
00:45
And it turns out that with 60 Minutes cameras rolling in the background,
12
30000
3000
Pokazalo se da je pred kamerama koje su ga snimale,
00:48
after he pretty much made his position clear on this --
13
33000
3000
nakon što je prilično jasno pokazao svoj stav o tome --
00:51
he had his hook and he had his --
14
36000
3000
imao je svoju staru protezu, kuku --
00:54
he wore this arm for less than two hours
15
39000
3000
nosio je ovakvu ruku manje od dva sata
00:57
and was able to pour himself a drink and got quite emotional over the fact
16
42000
3000
i mogao je sebi natočiti piće, pa ga je dirnula činjenica
01:00
that, quote -- his quote --
17
45000
3000
da je, citiram -- to su njegove riječi --
01:03
it's the first time he's felt like he's had an arm in 39 years.
18
48000
4000
po prvi puta u 39 godina imao osjećaj da ima ruku.
01:07
But that would sort of be jumping to the middle of the story,
19
52000
3000
Ali tako bih puno preskočio i došao na sredinu priče,
01:10
and I'm not going to show you that polished video.
20
55000
2000
pa vam neću pokazati taj ušminkani video.
01:12
I'm going to, instead, in a minute or two,
21
57000
2000
Umjesto toga, za koji trenutak ću vam
01:14
show you an early, crude video
22
59000
3000
prikazati ranu, sirovu snimku
01:17
because I think it's
23
62000
2000
jer mislim da je to
01:19
a better way to tell a story.
24
64000
4000
bolji način da ispričam tu priču.
01:23
A few years ago I was visited by
25
68000
2000
Prije nekoliko godina posjetio me
01:25
the guy that runs DARPA,
26
70000
2000
čovjek koji upravlja vojnom agencijom DARPA,
01:27
the people that fund all the advanced technologies
27
72000
3000
oni financiraju napredne tehnologije s kojima
01:30
that businesses and universities probably wouldn't take the risk of doing.
28
75000
7000
tvrtke i sveučilišta vjerojatno ne bi riskirali.
01:37
They have a particular interest in ones that will help our soldiers.
29
82000
4000
Posebno su zainteresirani za sve što može pomoći našim vojnicima.
01:41
I get this sort of unrequested -- by me anyway -- visit,
30
86000
5000
Došli su mi u nezatraženi posjet, što se mene tiče,
01:46
and sitting in my conference room is a very senior surgeon
31
91000
3000
i sad u mojoj sobi za sastanke sjedi vrlo iskusan
01:49
from the military
32
94000
2000
vojni kirurg
01:51
and the guy that runs DARPA.
33
96000
4000
i čovjek koji upravlja DARPA-om.
01:55
They proceed to tell me a story which comes down
34
100000
3000
Ispričali su mi priču koja se svodi
01:58
to basically the following. We have used such advanced technologies
35
103000
3000
praktički na sljedeće. Koristimo vrlo napredne tehnologije
02:01
now and made them available
36
106000
3000
i učinili smo ih dostupnima
02:04
in the most remote places that we put soldiers:
37
109000
3000
i u najzabačenijim mjestima kamo šaljemo svoje vojnike:
02:07
hills of Afghanistan, Iraq ...
38
112000
4000
brdima Afganistana, Iraka...
02:11
They were quite proud of the fact that
39
116000
2000
Bili su prilično ponosni na činjenicu da
02:13
you know, before the dust clears,
40
118000
3000
već i prije nego se prašina raščisti,
02:16
if some soldier has been hurt
41
121000
2000
ako je neki vojnik ranjen,
02:18
they will have collected him or her, they will have brought him back,
42
123000
3000
da su u stanju njega ili nju pokupiti, vratiti u bazu,
02:21
they will be getting world-class triage emergency care
43
126000
3000
i pružiti vrhunsku hitnu medicinsku pomoć
02:24
faster than you and I would be getting it if we were hurt
44
129000
4000
brže nego što bi je vi ili ja dobili kad bi se ozlijedili
02:28
in a car accident in a major city in the United States.
45
133000
4000
u automobilskoj nesreći u većem gradu SAD-a.
02:32
That's the good news.
46
137000
2000
To je dobra vijest.
02:34
The bad news is if they've collected this person
47
139000
3000
Loša vijest je da, ako su pokupili tu osobu
02:37
and he or she is missing an arm or leg,
48
142000
3000
a on ili ona ostali su bez ruke ili noge,
02:40
part of the face, it's probably not coming back.
49
145000
4000
dijela lica, to im vjerojatno nećemo vratiti.
02:44
So, they started giving me the statistics on how many of these kids had lost an arm.
50
149000
4000
Počeli su mi čitati statistike o tome koliko je mladih izgubilo ruku.
02:48
And then the surgeon pointed out, with a lot of anger,
51
153000
3000
I tada je kirurg ljutito naglasio:
02:51
he said, "Why is it? At the end of the Civil War,
52
156000
4000
"Zašto je to tako? Na kraju Građanskog rata,
02:55
they were shooting each other with muskets. If somebody lost an arm,
53
160000
2000
pucali su jedni na druge sa mušketama. Kad bi netko izgubio ruku,
02:57
we gave them a wooden stick with a hook on it.
54
162000
5000
dali bismo mu drvenu palicu sa kukom.
03:02
Now we've got F18s and F22s,
55
167000
3000
Sada imamo mlaznjake F18 i F22,
03:05
and if somebody loses an arm,
56
170000
2000
a kada netko izgubi ruku,
03:07
we give them a plastic stick with a hook on it."
57
172000
3000
damo mu plastičnu palicu sa kukom."
03:10
And they basically said, "This is unacceptable,"
58
175000
4000
Zapravo su mi rekli: "Ovo je neprihvatljivo."
03:14
and then the punchline: "So, Dean,
59
179000
2000
i onda poanta: "Dakle, Dean, došli smo
03:16
we're here because you make medical stuff.
60
181000
2000
jer ti smišljaš medicinska pomagala.
03:18
You're going to give us an arm."
61
183000
3000
Ti ćeš nam napraviti ruku."
03:21
And I was waiting for the 500 pages of bureaucracy,
62
186000
3000
Očekivao sam 500 stranica,
03:24
paperwork and DODs.
63
189000
3000
administracije i papirologije.
03:27
No, the guy says,
64
192000
3000
Ali ne, čovjek je rekao,
03:30
"We're going to bring a guy into this conference room,
65
195000
4000
"Dovest ćemo čovjeka u ovu sobu za sastanke,
03:34
and wearing the arm you're going to give us,
66
199000
3000
koji će nositi ruku koju ćeš nam ti izraditi,
03:37
he or she is going to pick up a raisin or a grape
67
202000
2000
on ili ona će podignuti grožđicu ili bobu grožđa
03:39
off this table.
68
204000
2000
s ovog stola.
03:41
If it's the grape, they won't break it."
69
206000
3000
Ako je boba grožđa, neće je zgnječiti."
03:44
Great he needs efferent, afferent, haptic response sensors.
70
209000
3000
Super, trebamo eferentne, aferentne, haptičke odzivne senzore.
03:47
"If it's the raisin, they won't drop it."
71
212000
3000
"Ako je grožđica, neće je ispustiti."
03:50
So he wants fine motor control: flex at the wrist,
72
215000
5000
Znači on želi preciznu motoričku kontrolu, savitljivost u zglobu,
03:55
flex at the elbow, abduct and flex at the shoulder.
73
220000
4000
savitljivost u laktu, pomicanje i pregibanje ramena.
03:59
Either way they were going to eat it.
74
224000
2000
U svakom slučaju će je pojesti.
04:01
"Oh, by the way Dean. It's going to fit on a 50th percentile female frame --
75
226000
4000
"I, Dean, usput. Pristajat će na 50 percentila ženskih tijela --
04:05
namely 32 inches from the long finger --
76
230000
3000
otprilike 80 centimetara od srednjeg prsta --
04:08
and weigh less than nine pounds."
77
233000
3000
i težit će manje od četiri kilograma."
04:11
50th percentile female frame.
78
236000
3000
50 percentila ženskih tijela.
04:14
"And it's going to be completely self contained including all its power."
79
239000
4000
"I bit će u potpunosti integrirana, uključujući i pogon."
04:18
So, they finished that. And I, as you can tell,
80
243000
2000
Tako su zaključili. Ja sam, kao što vidite,
04:20
am a bashful guy.
81
245000
2000
dosta stidljiv tip.
04:22
I told them they're nuts.
82
247000
2000
Rekao sam im da su ludi.
04:24
(Laughter)
83
249000
2000
(Smijeh)
04:26
They've been watching too much "Terminator."
84
251000
2000
Previše su se nagledali "Terminatora."
04:28
(Laughter)
85
253000
2000
(Smijeh)
04:30
Then, the surgeon says to me,
86
255000
3000
Kirurg mi je na to odgovorio,
04:33
"Dean, you need to know
87
258000
3000
"Dean, moraš znati
04:36
more than two dozen of these kids have come back
88
261000
3000
da se tridesetak tih mladih ljudi
04:39
bilateral."
89
264000
2000
vratilo bez obje ruke."
04:41
Now, I cannot imagine --
90
266000
2000
Ja si ne mogu ni zamisliti --
04:43
I'm sorry, you may have a better
91
268000
4000
žao mi je, vi možda imate bolju
04:47
imagination than I do --
92
272000
2000
maštu nego ja --
04:49
I can't imagine losing my arm,
93
274000
3000
Ja ne mogu zamisliti da izgubim ruku,
04:52
and typically at 22 years old.
94
277000
3000
i to u dobi od 22 godine.
04:55
But compared to that, losing two?
95
280000
3000
Ali u usporedbi s tim, izgubiti obje?
04:58
Seems like that would be an inconvenience.
96
283000
4000
Jedna bi bila samo neugodnost.
05:02
Anyway, I went home that night. I thought about it.
97
287000
3000
Uglavnom, otišao sam kući te noći. Razmišljao sam svemu.
05:05
I literally could not sleep
98
290000
2000
Doslovno nisam mogao zaspati,
05:07
thinking about, "I wonder how you'd roll over
99
292000
2000
razmišljao sam... "kako bih se okrenuo
05:09
with no shoulders."
100
294000
4000
da nemam ramena."
05:13
So, I decided we've got to do this.
101
298000
3000
Stoga sam odlučio da to moramo napraviti.
05:16
And trust me, I've got a day job, I've got a lot of day jobs.
102
301000
2000
Vjerujte mi, ja imam redovni posao, imam više redovnih poslova.
05:18
Most of my day job keeps me busy
103
303000
3000
Imam pune ruke posla
05:21
funding my fantasies like FIRST and water and power ....
104
306000
2000
ostvarajući maštarije poput FIRST-a i vode i struje...
05:23
And I've got a lot of day jobs.
105
308000
3000
Imam više redovnih poslova.
05:26
But I figured I gotta do this.
106
311000
4000
Ali odlučio sam da ovo moram učiniti.
05:30
Did a little investigation,
107
315000
2000
Malo sam istraživao,
05:32
went down to Washington, told them
108
317000
3000
otišao do Washingtona, rekao im da i dalje
05:35
I still think they're nuts but we're going to do it.
109
320000
5000
mislim da su ludi, ali da ćemo to učiniti.
05:40
And I told them I'd build them an arm.
110
325000
2000
I rekao sam im da ću im izraditi ruku.
05:42
I told them it would probably take five years to get through the FDA,
111
327000
3000
Rekao sam im da će vjerojatno trajati pet godina da dobije odobrenje od FDA-a,
05:45
and probably 10 years to be reasonably functional.
112
330000
3000
i vjerojatno 10 godina da bude razmjerno funkcionalna.
05:48
Look what it takes to make things like iPods.
113
333000
4000
Koliko samo treba da se naprave stvari poput iPodova.
05:52
"Great," he said, "You got two years."
114
337000
3000
"Odlično," kaže on, " Imaš dvije godine."
05:55
(Laughter)
115
340000
1000
(Smijeh)
05:56
I said, "I'll tell you what. I'll build you an arm
116
341000
2000
Rekoh, "Znate što? Napraviti ću vam ruku
05:58
that's under nine pounds
117
343000
2000
koja teži manje od četiri kilograma
06:00
that has all that capability in one year.
118
345000
2000
i koja ima sve mogućnosti za godinu dana.
06:02
It will take the other nine to make it functional and useful."
119
347000
4000
Trebat će nam još devet da postane upotrebljiva i korisna."
06:06
We sort of agreed to disagree.
120
351000
2000
Recimo da smo se složili da se ne slažemo.
06:08
I went back and I started putting a team together,
121
353000
2000
Vratio sam se natrag i počeo okupljati tim,
06:10
the best guys I could find with a passion to do this.
122
355000
3000
najbolje ljude koje sam mogao naći sa strašću da ovo naprave.
06:13
At the end of exactly one year
123
358000
3000
Nakon točno godinu dana
06:16
we had a device with 14 degrees of freedom,
124
361000
2000
imali smo napravu sa 14 stupnjeva slobode,
06:18
all the sensors, all the microprocessors,
125
363000
3000
svim senzorima, svim mikroprocesorima,
06:21
all the stuff inside.
126
366000
2000
svim stvarima unutra.
06:23
I could show you it with a cosmesis on it
127
368000
2000
Ako vam je pokažem s kozmetičkom navlakom,
06:25
that's so real it's eerie, but then you wouldn't see
128
370000
2000
koja je toliko stvarna da je jezivo, ne biste vidjeli
06:27
all this cool stuff.
129
372000
3000
sve te super stvari.
06:30
I then thought it would be years
130
375000
2000
Tada sam mislio da će biti potrebne godine
06:32
before we'd be able to make it really, really useful.
131
377000
5000
prije nego ju učinimo stvarno, stvarno korisnom.
06:37
It turned out, as I think you could see
132
382000
2000
Ispostavilo se, kao što možete vidjeti
06:39
in Aimee's capabilities and attitudes,
133
384000
4000
u Aimeenim sposobnostima i stavovima,
06:43
people with a desire to do something
134
388000
3000
da su ljudi sa željom da učine nešto
06:46
are quite remarkable and nature is quite adaptable.
135
391000
4000
zbilja izvanredni, a priroda prilično prilagodljiva.
06:50
Anyway, with less than 10 hours of use,
136
395000
4000
U svakom slučaju, sa manje od 10 sati upotrebe,
06:54
two guys -- one that's bilateral.
137
399000
4000
dva momka -- jedan bez obje ruke.
06:58
He's literally, he's got no shoulder on one side,
138
403000
3000
On doslovno na jednoj strani nema rame,
07:01
and he's high trans-humeral on the other.
139
406000
2000
a na drugoj strani nema ruku visoko iznad lakta.
07:03
And that's Chuck and Randy together,
140
408000
5000
To su Chuck and Randy zajedno,
07:08
after 10 hours -- were playing in our office.
141
413000
3000
nakon 10 sati -- igraju se u našem uredu.
07:11
And we took some pretty cruddy home movies.
142
416000
4000
Snimili smo prilično sirove kućne snimke.
07:15
At the end of the one I'm going to show, it's only about a minute
143
420000
2000
Na kraju jedne koju ću začas pokazati,
07:17
and a couple of seconds long,
144
422000
5000
traje nešto više od minute,
07:22
Chuck does something that to this day I'm jealous of,
145
427000
3000
Chuck čini nešto na što sam i dan danas ljubomoran,
07:25
I can't do it.
146
430000
2000
Ja to ne mogu učiniti.
07:27
He picks up a spoon, picks it up,
147
432000
2000
On podiže žlicu, podigne ju,
07:29
scoops out some Shredded Wheat and milk,
148
434000
4000
zagrabi malo zobenih pahuljica i mlijeka,
07:33
holds the spoon level
149
438000
2000
držeći ravno žlicu
07:35
as he translates it, moving all these joints simultaneously,
150
440000
3000
primiče je, istovremenim pokretanjem svih zglobova zajedno,
07:38
to his mouth, and he doesn't drop any milk.
151
443000
3000
svojim ustima, i ne prolije niti kap mlijeka.
07:41
(Laughter)
152
446000
1000
(Smijeh)
07:42
I cannot do that.
153
447000
2000
Ja to ne mogu.
07:44
(Laughter)
154
449000
2000
(Smijeh)
07:46
His wife was standing behind me.
155
451000
2000
Njegova žena je stajala iza mene.
07:48
She's standing behind me at the time
156
453000
2000
Stoji iza mene dok on to radi
07:50
and she says, "Dean,
157
455000
3000
i kaže: "Dean,
07:53
Chuck hasn't fed himself in 19 years.
158
458000
4000
Chuck nije sam stavio hranu u usta već 19 godina.
07:57
So, you've got a choice:
159
462000
2000
Zato biraj:
07:59
We keep the arm, or you keep Chuck."
160
464000
2000
ili mi dobijemo ruku, ili ti dobiješ Chucka."
08:01
(Laughter) (Applause)
161
466000
3000
(Smijeh) (Pljesak)
08:04
So, can we see that?
162
469000
4000
Evo, možemo to vidjeti?
08:14
This is Chuck showing simultaneous control
163
479000
2000
Ovdje Chuck pokazuje istovremenu kontrolu
08:16
of all the joints.
164
481000
2000
svih zglobova.
08:18
He's punching our controls guy. The guy behind him
165
483000
2000
Udara našeg tehničara. Čovjek iza njega
08:20
is our engineer/surgeon,
166
485000
2000
je naš inženjer / kirurg,
08:22
which is a convenient guy to have around.
167
487000
4000
kojega je zgodno imati uz sebe.
08:26
There's Randy, these guys are passing a rubber
168
491000
3000
Eno Randyja, ovi ljudi si dodaju
08:29
little puck between them.
169
494000
3000
mali gumeni pak.
08:32
And just as in the spirit of FIRST,
170
497000
3000
I baš u duhu FIRST-a,
08:35
gracious professionalism, they are quite proud of this,
171
500000
2000
ljupkog profesionalizma, prilično su ponosni zbog toga,
08:37
so they decide to share a drink.
172
502000
3000
stoga odluče podijeliti piće.
08:40
This is a non-trivial thing to do, by the way.
173
505000
3000
Ovo nije lako učiniti, samo da znate.
08:43
Imagine doing that with a wooden stick and a hook on the end of it,
174
508000
3000
Zamislite to raditi sa drvenom palicom i kukom na kraju nje,
08:46
doing either of those.
175
511000
2000
bilo što od toga.
08:48
Now Chuck is doing something quite extraordinary,
176
513000
3000
Sada Chuck čini nešto stvarno izuzetno,
08:51
at least for my limited physical skill.
177
516000
5000
barem za moje ograničene fizičke vještine.
08:56
And now he's going to do what DARPA asked me for.
178
521000
3000
I sada će učiniti ono što me DARPA zatražila.
08:59
He's going to pick up a grape -- he didn't drop it,
179
524000
2000
On će podignuti bobu grožđa - nije ju ispustio,
09:01
he didn't break it --
180
526000
3000
nije ju zgnječio --
09:04
and he's going to eat it.
181
529000
3000
i sad će ju pojesti.
09:07
So, that's where we were
182
532000
2000
Znači, tu smo bili
09:09
at the end of about 15 months.
183
534000
2000
nakon otprilike 15 mjeseci.
09:11
(Applause)
184
536000
12000
(Pljesak)
09:23
But, as I've learned from Richard,
185
548000
3000
Ali, kao što mi je Richard rekao,
09:26
the technology, the processors, the sensors, the motors,
186
551000
5000
tehnologija, procesori, senzori, motori...
09:31
is not the story.
187
556000
4000
nisu priča.
09:35
I hadn't dealt with this kind of problem
188
560000
3000
Nisam prije imao posla s ovakvom vrstom problema
09:38
or frankly, this whole segment
189
563000
3000
ili iskreno, cijelim segmentom
09:41
of the medical world.
190
566000
2000
medicinskog svijeta.
09:43
I'll give you some astounding things that have happened
191
568000
3000
Ispričat ću vam nešto zadivljujuće što se dogodilo
09:46
as we started this.
192
571000
3000
kada smo započeli s ovime.
09:49
After we were pretty much convinced we had a good design,
193
574000
4000
Nakon što smo bili prilično uvjereni da imamo dobar dizajn,
09:53
and we'd have to make all the standard engineering trade-offs you always make --
194
578000
3000
i da ćemo morati učiniti sve standardne inženjerske kompromise koje uvijek činite --
09:56
you can always get three out of four of anything you want;
195
581000
3000
uvijek možete dobiti tri od četiri onoga što želite:
09:59
the weight, the size, the cost, the functionality --
196
584000
3000
težinu, veličinu, trošak, funkcionalnost --
10:02
I put a bunch of guys in my plane
197
587000
2000
Ukrcao sam skupinu ljudi na moj avion
10:04
and I said, "We're flying down to Walter Reed, and we're going talk to these kids,
198
589000
3000
i rekao, "Letimo u vojnu bolnicu Walter Reed razgovarati s tim mladićima,
10:07
because frankly it doesn't matter whether we like this arm.
199
592000
2000
jer zapravo nije važno sviđa li se nama ova ruka,
10:09
It doesn't matter whether the
200
594000
2000
nije važno ni sviđa li se
10:11
Department of Defense likes this arm."
201
596000
2000
Ministarstvu obrane."
10:13
When I told them that they weren't entirely enthusiastic,
202
598000
3000
Kada sam im to rekao nisu bili baš oduševljeni,
10:16
but I told them, "It really doesn't matter what their opinion is.
203
601000
3000
ali rekoh im, "Zaista nije važno koje je njihovo mišljenje.
10:19
There is only one opinion that matters,
204
604000
2000
Važno je samo jedno mišljenje,
10:21
the kids that are either going to use it or not."
205
606000
4000
tih mladih ljudi koji će ju koristiti ili neće."
10:25
I told a bunch of my engineers, "Look we're going to walk into Walter Reed,
206
610000
3000
Rekoh svojim okupljenim inženjerima, "Ući ćemo u Walter Reed,
10:28
and you're going to see people, lots of them,
207
613000
4000
sastat ćete se s ljudima, mnogo njih,
10:32
missing major body parts.
208
617000
2000
kojima nedostaju važni dijelovi tijela.
10:34
They're probably going to be angry, depressed, frustrated.
209
619000
5000
Vjerojatno će biti ljuti, deprimirani, frustrirani.
10:39
We're probably going to have to give them support, encouragement.
210
624000
3000
Vjerojatno ćemo im morati dati podršku, ohrabrenje.
10:42
But we've got to extract from them
211
627000
3000
Ali moramo izvući iz njih
10:45
enough information to make sure we're doing the right thing."
212
630000
5000
dovoljno informacija da budemo sigurni kako izrađujemo pravu stvar."
10:50
We walked into Walter Reed and I could not have been more wrong.
213
635000
5000
Ušetali smo u Walter Reed i ja nisam mogao biti više u krivu.
10:55
We did see a bunch of people,
214
640000
2000
Jesmo se sastali s puno ljudi,
10:57
a lot of them missing a lot of body parts,
215
642000
4000
mnogi nisu imali razne dijelove tijela,
11:01
and parts they had left were burned;
216
646000
2000
a dijelovi koji su preostali bili su opečeni;
11:03
half a face gone, an ear burned off.
217
648000
4000
bez polovice lica, izgorjelog uha.
11:10
They were sitting at a table. They were brought together for us.
218
655000
2000
Sjedili su za stolom, okupili su ih za nas.
11:12
And we started asking them all questions.
219
657000
2000
Počeli smo im postavljati pitanja.
11:14
"Look," I'd say to them, "We're not quite as good as nature yet.
220
659000
3000
Rekao bih im, "Nismo još dobri kao priroda.
11:17
I could give you fine motor control,
221
662000
3000
Mogao bih vam dati preciznu motoričku kontrolu,
11:20
or I could let you curl 40 pounds;
222
665000
2000
ili bih vam mogao omogućiti podizanje 18 kilograma;
11:22
I probably can't do both.
223
667000
2000
vjerojatno ne mogu oboje.
11:24
I can give you fast control
224
669000
2000
Mogu vam dati brzu kontrolu
11:26
with low reduction ratios in these gears,
225
671000
2000
sa malim smanjenjem omjera u tim brzinama,
11:28
or I can give you power;
226
673000
2000
ili vam mogu dati snagu;
11:30
I can't give you both.
227
675000
2000
ne mogu vam dati oboje.
11:32
And we were trying to get them to all help us
228
677000
3000
Nastojali smo ih navesti da nam pomognu
11:35
know what to give them.
229
680000
3000
saznati što da im damo.
11:38
Not only were they enthusiastic, they kept thinking
230
683000
2000
Ne da su bili entuzijastični, bili su uvjereni
11:40
they're there to help us.
231
685000
2000
da su oni tamo da bi pomogli nama.
11:42
"Well, would it help if I ..."
232
687000
2000
"Pa, bi li pomoglo kada bih ja ..."
11:44
"Guys, and woman,
233
689000
3000
"Momci i žene,
11:47
you've given enough.
234
692000
2000
dali ste dovoljno.
11:49
We're here to help you. We need data. We need to know
235
694000
2000
Mi smo tu da bi pomogli vama. Mi trebamo podatke.
11:51
what you need."
236
696000
3000
Moramo doznati što vi trebate."
11:54
After a half an hour, maybe, there was one guy at the far end of the table
237
699000
3000
Nakon kojih pola sata jedan čovjek na drugom kraju stola
11:57
who wasn't saying much.
238
702000
2000
koji nije puno pričao.
11:59
You could see he was missing an arm.
239
704000
2000
Vidjelo se da mu nedostaje ruka.
12:01
He was leaning on his other arm.
240
706000
3000
Naslanjao se na svoju drugu ruku.
12:04
I called down to the end, "Hey, you haven't said much.
241
709000
2000
Pozvao sam prema kraju, "Hej, vi niste rekli mnogo.
12:06
If we needed this or this, what would you want?"
242
711000
3000
Ako bi trebali ovo ili ovo, što biste htjeli?"
12:09
And he said, "You know,
243
714000
2000
I on je rekao, "Znate,
12:13
I'm the lucky guy at this table.
244
718000
2000
ja sam sretnik za ovim stolom.
12:15
I lost my right arm,
245
720000
2000
Izgubio sam desnu ruku,
12:17
but I'm a lefty."
246
722000
2000
a ljevak sam."
12:19
(Laughter)
247
724000
1000
(Smijeh)
12:20
So, he wouldn't say much.
248
725000
2000
Nije pričao puno.
12:22
He had a great spirit, like all the rest of them had great spirits.
249
727000
4000
Imao je sjajan duh, a i svi ostali imali su sjajan duh.
12:26
And he made a few comments.
250
731000
2000
Dao je par komentara.
12:28
And then the meeting ended. We said goodbye to all these guys.
251
733000
3000
Zatim je sastanak završio. Rekli smo zbogom svim tim momcima.
12:31
And that guy pushed himself back from the table ...
252
736000
3000
I taj čovjek se odgurnuo od stola...
12:34
he has no legs.
253
739000
2000
bio je bez nogu.
12:40
So, we left.
254
745000
3000
Dakle, otišli smo.
12:43
And I was thinking,
255
748000
3000
Razmišljao sam.
12:46
"We didn't give them support and encouragement;
256
751000
3000
"Nismo mi njima dali podršku i ohrabrenje;
12:49
they gave it to us.
257
754000
3000
oni su je dali nama.
12:52
They're not finished giving yet."
258
757000
3000
Oni još nisu gotovi s davanjem."
12:55
It was astounding.
259
760000
3000
Bilo je zadivljujuće.
12:58
So, we went back.
260
763000
2000
Vratili smo se natrag,
13:00
And I started working harder, faster.
261
765000
3000
a ja sam počeo raditi više i brže.
13:06
Then we went out to Brooke Army Medical Center.
262
771000
4000
Zatim smo otišli u Vojni medicinski centar Brooke.
13:10
And we saw lots of these kids, lots of them.
263
775000
4000
Tamo smo sreli puno tih mladića, mnogo njih.
13:14
And it was astounding
264
779000
2000
Bilo je zadivljujuće
13:16
how positive they are.
265
781000
4000
koliko su pozitivni.
13:20
So, we went back,
266
785000
3000
Vratili smo se natrag,
13:23
and we've been working harder yet.
267
788000
2000
i radili još vrijednije.
13:25
We're in clinical trials,
268
790000
2000
U kliničkim smo ispitivanjima,
13:27
we've got five of them on people.
269
792000
2000
pet takvih imali smo na korisnicima.
13:29
We're screaming along.
270
794000
2000
Stalno smo uzbuđeni.
13:31
And I get a call and we go back
271
796000
3000
Opet su nas pozvali
13:34
to Washington.
272
799000
3000
u Washington.
13:37
We go back to Walter Reed,
273
802000
2000
Otišli smo natrag u Walter Reed,
13:39
and a kid, literally,
274
804000
3000
tamo je bio mladić,
13:42
20 some-odd days before that
275
807000
3000
koji je 20-ak dana prije susreta
13:45
was blown up.
276
810000
4000
doslovno bio raznesen.
13:49
And they shipped him to Germany
277
814000
2000
Poslali su ga u Njemačku
13:51
and 24 hours later they shipped him from Germany
278
816000
3000
i u roku od 24 sata iz Njemačke je stigao
13:54
to Walter Reed.
279
819000
4000
u Walter Reed.
13:58
And he was there,
280
823000
2000
I... bio je tamo,
14:00
and they said we needed to come.
281
825000
2000
i rekli su da moramo doći.
14:02
And I went down
282
827000
2000
Ja sam otišao,
14:04
and they rolled him into a room.
283
829000
4000
dovezli su ga u sobu.
14:08
He's got no legs.
284
833000
2000
Nije imao nogu.
14:10
He's got no arms.
285
835000
2000
Nije imao ruku.
14:12
He's got a small residual limb on one side.
286
837000
3000
Imao je maleni ostatak uda na jednoj strani.
14:15
Half of his face is gone,
287
840000
3000
Polovica lica mu je nestala,
14:18
but they said his vision is coming back.
288
843000
3000
ali rekli su da mu se vid vraća.
14:21
He had one good eye.
289
846000
3000
Imao je jedno zdravo oko.
14:24
His name is Brandon Marrocco.
290
849000
3000
Ime mu je Brandon Marrocco.
14:27
And he said,
291
852000
3000
Rekao mi je,
14:30
"I need your arms,
292
855000
2000
"Trebam vaše ruke,
14:32
but I need two of them."
293
857000
3000
ali trebam ih dvije."
14:35
"You'll get them."
294
860000
2000
"Dobit ćeš ih."
14:37
This kid was from Staten Island.
295
862000
3000
Taj mladić je bio sa Staten Island-a.
14:40
And he said, "I had a truck,
296
865000
2000
Rekao mi je, "Imao sam kamionet,
14:42
before I went over there,
297
867000
2000
prije nego sam otišao onamo,
14:44
and it had a stick.
298
869000
3000
s ručnim mjenjačem.
14:47
You think I'll be able to drive it?"
299
872000
2000
Mislite da ću ga moći voziti?"
14:49
"Sure."
300
874000
2000
"Naravno."
14:51
And I turned around and went, "How are we going to do this?"
301
876000
2000
Pitao sam se dok sam odlazio, "Kako ćemo to učiniti?"
14:53
(Laughter)
302
878000
1000
(Smijeh)
14:54
Anyway, he was just like all the rest of them.
303
879000
4000
U svakom slučaju, on je bio poput ostalih.
14:58
He doesn't really want a lot.
304
883000
2000
On zbilja ne traži puno.
15:00
He wants to help. He told me that
305
885000
2000
Želi pomoći. Rekao mi je da
15:02
he wanted to go back
306
887000
2000
želi otići natrag
15:04
to help his buddies.
307
889000
3000
pomoći svojim prijateljima.
15:09
So, I was on my way out here.
308
894000
3000
Na putu ovamo
15:12
I was asked to stop at Texas.
309
897000
4000
pozvali su me da svratim u Texas.
15:16
There were 3,500 people,
310
901000
2000
Tamo je bilo 3.500 ljudi...
15:18
the Veteran's Administration,
311
903000
2000
Uprava za ratne veterane SAD
15:20
U.S. ... just 3,500 at this huge event
312
905000
3000
okupila je 3.500 ljudi na tom golemom događaju
15:23
to help the families
313
908000
3000
kako bi pomogli obiteljima
15:26
of all the kids --
314
911000
4000
svih tih mladića --
15:30
some that have died, some that are
315
915000
2000
neki od njih su umrli, neki su
15:32
like Brandon --
316
917000
2000
prošli kao Brandon --
15:34
and they wanted me to speak.
317
919000
2000
i htjeli su da im govorim.
15:36
I said, "What am I going to say?
318
921000
2000
Rekao sam, "Što da kažem?
15:38
This is not a happy thing. Look, if this happens to you,
319
923000
2000
To nisu sretne okolnosti. Ako vam se dogodi
15:40
I can give you ... This stuff is
320
925000
2000
ovako nešto, dat ću vam... ovu stvar koja
15:42
still not as good at the original equipment."
321
927000
3000
još nije dobra kao originalna oprema."
15:47
"You need to come."
322
932000
2000
"Morate doći."
15:49
So, I went.
323
934000
2000
I tako sam otišao.
15:51
And, as I think you get the point,
324
936000
3000
Mislim da ste shvatili bit,
15:54
there were a lot people there recovering.
325
939000
3000
tamo je bilo mnogo ljudi u oporavku.
15:57
Some further along than others.
326
942000
3000
Neki duže od ostalih.
16:00
But universally, these people that had been through this
327
945000
3000
Ali općenito, ti ljudi koji su prošli kroz sve to
16:03
had astounding attitudes,
328
948000
3000
imali su zadivljujuće stavove,
16:06
and just the fact that people care
329
951000
5000
i sama činjenica da ljudi mare
16:11
makes a huge difference to them.
330
956000
3000
jako im puno znači.
16:14
I'll shut up, except one message
331
959000
4000
Završit ću, ali uz jednu poruku
16:21
or concern I have.
332
966000
2000
ili brigu koju imam.
16:23
I don't think anybody does it intentionally,
333
968000
4000
Mislim da nitko to ne čini namjerno,
16:27
but there were people there literally talking about,
334
972000
2000
ali tamo su bili ljudi koji su doslovno pitali,
16:29
"Well, how much will they get?"
335
974000
3000
"Dakle, koliko će oni dobiti?"
16:34
You know, this country is involved as we've all heard,
336
979000
2000
U ovoj se zemlji vodi, kao što svi znamo,
16:36
in this great healthcare debate.
337
981000
4000
velika rasprava o zdravstvenom osiguranju.
16:40
"Who is entitled to what?
338
985000
3000
"Tko ima pravo na što?
16:43
Who is entitled to how much?
339
988000
2000
Tko ima pravo na koliko?
16:45
Who is going to pay for it?"
340
990000
4000
Tko će to sve platiti?"
16:49
Those are tough questions.
341
994000
2000
To su teška pitanja.
16:51
I don't have an answer to that. Not everybody
342
996000
2000
Nemam odgovor na njih. Ne može svatko
16:53
can be entitled to everything simply because you were born here.
343
998000
3000
imati pravo na sve samo zato jer se rodio ovdje.
16:56
It's not possible. It would be nice
344
1001000
2000
To nije moguće. Bilo bi lijepo, ali
16:58
but let's be realistic.
345
1003000
2000
budimo realni.
17:00
They were tough questions. There's polarized groups down there.
346
1005000
2000
To su teška pitanja. Mišljenja su suprotstavljena.
17:02
I don't know the answers.
347
1007000
3000
Ja ne znam odgovore.
17:05
There are other questions that are tough.
348
1010000
2000
Postoje i druga pitanja koja su teška.
17:07
"Should we be there?
349
1012000
2000
"Trebamo li biti tamo?
17:09
How do we get out?
350
1014000
2000
Kako da se izvučemo?
17:11
What do we need to do?" There's very polarized
351
1016000
2000
Što trebamo učiniti?" Postoje iznimno suprostavljeni
17:13
answers to that question too,
352
1018000
1000
odgovori i na ta pitanja,
17:14
and I don't have any answers to that.
353
1019000
4000
a ja nemam odgovore ni na njih.
17:18
Those are political questions, economic questions,
354
1023000
2000
To su politička pitanja, ekonomska pitanja,
17:20
strategic questions.
355
1025000
4000
strateška pitanja.
17:24
I don't have the answer. But let me give you a simple
356
1029000
3000
Ja nemam odgovore. Ali dopustite da vam iznesem
17:27
concern or maybe statement, then.
357
1032000
3000
jednostavan pogled ili možda izjavu.
17:32
It is an easy answer.
358
1037000
3000
Odgovor je jednostavan.
17:35
I know what these kids deserve
359
1040000
3000
Znam što ovi klinci zaslužuju
17:38
on the healthcare side.
360
1043000
3000
što se tiče zdravstvene zaštite.
17:41
I was talking to one of them,
361
1046000
3000
Razgovarao sam sa jednim od njih,
17:44
and he was really liking this arm --
362
1049000
2000
njemu se zbilja sviđala ta ruka --
17:46
it's way, way, way better than a plastic
363
1051000
3000
bila je puno, puno, puno bolja nego
17:49
stick with a hook on it --
364
1054000
3000
plastična palica s kukom --
17:52
but there's nobody in this room that would rather have that
365
1057000
2000
ali ovdje nema nikoga tko bi radije imao ovu
17:54
than the one you got.
366
1059000
4000
nego onu koju već ima.
17:58
But I was saying to him, "You know,
367
1063000
2000
Rekao sam mu, "Znaš,
18:00
the first airplane
368
1065000
2000
prvi avion je 1903.
18:02
went 100 feet in 1903.
369
1067000
3000
preletio 30-ak metara.
18:05
Wilbur and Orville.
370
1070000
3000
Wilbur i Orville.
18:08
But you know what? It wouldn't have made an old pigeon jealous.
371
1073000
3000
Ali znaš što? Ni stari golub ne bi bio ljubomoran na taj let.
18:11
But now we got Eagles out there,
372
1076000
3000
Ali sada imamo Eagleove,
18:14
F15s, even that Bald Eagle.
373
1079000
5000
mlaznjake F15, čak i taj Bald Eagle.
18:19
I've never seen a bird flying around at Mach 2.
374
1084000
4000
Nikada nisam vidio pticu da leti dvostrukom brzinom zvuka.
18:23
I think eventually we'll make these things extraordinary."
375
1088000
5000
S vremenom ćemo i ove stvari učiniti izvanrednima."
18:28
And I said to that kid,
376
1093000
2000
Rekao sam tom mladiću,
18:30
"I'll stop when your buddies
377
1095000
3000
"Prestat ću kada ti prijatelji
18:33
are envious of your Luke arm
378
1098000
4000
budu zavidjeli na umjetnoj ruci
18:37
because of what it can do, and how it does it.
379
1102000
3000
zbog toga što sve može, i kako to čini.
18:40
And we'll keep working. And I'm not going to stop working
380
1105000
3000
Nastavit ćemo raditi. Neću prestati raditi
18:43
until we do that."
381
1108000
3000
dok to ne postignemo."
18:46
And I think this country
382
1111000
3000
Mislim da ova zemlja
18:49
ought to continue its great debate,
383
1114000
2000
treba nastaviti svoju veliku debatu,
18:51
whining and complaining, "I'm entitled." "You're a victim."
384
1116000
4000
jadikovati i prigovarati, "Ja imam pravo". "Ti si žrtva."
18:55
And whining and complaining about what our foreign policy ought to be.
385
1120000
3000
I jadikovati i prigovarati o tome kakva bi naša vanjska politika trebala biti.
18:58
But while we have the luxury of whining and complaining about
386
1123000
3000
Ali dok mi imamo luksuz jadikovanja i prigovaranja o tome
19:01
who's paying for what and how much we get,
387
1126000
3000
tko plaća za što i koliko dobivamo,
19:04
the people that are out there
388
1129000
2000
ljudi koji su tamo i omogućuju nam
19:06
giving us that great privilege of whining and complaining,
389
1131000
2000
da možemo jadikovati i prigovarati,
19:08
I know what they deserve:
390
1133000
2000
znam što oni zaslužuju:
19:10
everything humanly possible.
391
1135000
3000
sve što je u našim mogućnostima.
19:13
And we ought to give it to them.
392
1138000
2000
I mi im to trebamo dati.
19:15
(Applause)
393
1140000
10000
(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dean Kamen - InventorDean Kamen landed in the limelight with the Segway, but he has been innovating since high school, with more than 150 patents under his belt. Recent projects include portable energy and water purification for the developing world, and a prosthetic arm for maimed soldiers.
Why you should listen
Dean Kamen is an innovator, but not just of things. He hopes to revolutionize attitudes, quality of life, awareness. While an undergraduate, he developed the first portable infusion device, which delivers drug treatments that once required round-the-clock hospital care. And, through his DEKA Research and Development, which he cofounded in 1982, he developed a portable dialysis machine, a vascular stent, and the iBOT -- a motorized wheelchair that climbs stairs (Stephen Colbert took one for a spin).
Yes, he's a college dropout, but he's a huge believer in education, and in 1989 established the nonprofit FIRST (For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology) to inspire teenagers to pursue careers in science. FIRST sponsors lively annual competitions, where students form teams to create the best robot.
His focus now is on off-grid electricity and water purification for developing countries; another recent project, previewed at TED2007, is a prosthetic arm for maimed soldiers (read an update here). He's also working on a power source for the wonderful Think car. And, with more funding in the works, we haven't seen the last of the Segway.
Dean Kamen | Speaker | TED.com