TEDxNASA
Dennis Hong: My seven species of robot -- and how we created them
Dennis Hong: Mojih sedam vrsta robota
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Na TEDxNASA-i, Dennis Hong predstavlja sedam nagrađivanih univerzalnih robota -- poput humanoidnog, DARwIn-a koji igra nogomet i penjača CLIMBeR-a -- koje je konstruirao njegov tim u RoMeLi, na sveučilištu Virginia Tech. Pogledajte do kraja kako bi čuli pet kreativnih tajni tehničkog uspjeha njegovog laboratorija.
Dennis Hong - Roboticist
Dennis Hong is the founder and director of RoMeLa -- a Virginia Tech robotics lab that has pioneered several breakthroughs in robot design and engineering. Full bio
Dennis Hong is the founder and director of RoMeLa -- a Virginia Tech robotics lab that has pioneered several breakthroughs in robot design and engineering. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
So, the first robot to talk about is called STriDER.
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Dakle, prvi robot o kojem ću govoriti se zove STriDER.
00:18
It stands for Self-excited
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To je kratica za Samopobuđen
00:20
Tripedal Dynamic Experimental Robot.
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Tronožni Dinamički Eksperimentalni Robot.
00:22
It's a robot that has three legs,
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To je robot koji ima tri noge,
00:24
which is inspired by nature.
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inspiriran prirodom.
00:27
But have you seen anything in nature,
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Ali jeste li vidjeli ikada u prirodi
00:29
an animal that has three legs?
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životinju koja ima tri noge ?
00:31
Probably not. So, why do I call this
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Najvjerojatnije ne. Pa zašto ja to zovem
00:33
a biologically inspired robot? How would it work?
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biološki inspiriranim robotom? Kako radi?
00:35
But before that, let's look at pop culture.
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Ali prije toga, bacimo pogled na pop kulturu.
00:38
So, you know H.G. Wells' "War of the Worlds," novel and movie.
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Znate za novelu i film H.G. Wellsa Rat svjetova.
00:41
And what you see over here is a very popular
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I ovo što vidite je jako popularna
00:43
video game,
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video igra.
00:45
and in this fiction they describe these alien creatures that
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U fikciji obično opisuju ove strane kreature
00:48
are robots that have three legs that terrorize Earth.
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kao robote koji imaju tri noge i teroriziraju Zemlju.
00:50
But my robot, STriDER, does not move like this.
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Ali moj robot, STriDER se ne miče tako.
00:54
So, this is an actual dynamic simulation animation.
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I ovo je zapravo animacija dinamičke simulacije.
00:57
I'm just going to show you how the robot works.
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Sad ću vam pokazati kako robot radi.
00:59
It flips its body 180 degrees
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Okreće svoje tijelo za 180 stupnjeva.
01:02
and it swings its leg between the two legs and catches the fall.
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Njiše svoju nogu između dvije noge kako bi prihvatio pad.
01:05
So, that's how it walks. But when you look at us
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I tako hoda. Ali kada pogledate nas
01:07
human being, bipedal walking,
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ljude, dvonožno hodanje,
01:09
what you're doing is you're not really using a muscle
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ono što radite nije stvarno korištenje mišića
01:11
to lift your leg and walk like a robot. Right?
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kako bi digli svoju nogu i hodali poput robota. Točno?
01:14
What you're doing is you really swing your leg and catch the fall,
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Ono što zapravo radite je da zamahnete nogom kako bi prihvatili pad,
01:17
stand up again, swing your leg and catch the fall.
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natrag se digli, zamahnuli nogom i prihvatili pad.
01:20
You're using your built-in dynamics, the physics of your body,
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Koristeći ugrađenu dinamiku, fiziku vašeg tijela,
01:23
just like a pendulum.
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kao njihalo.
01:25
We call that the concept of passive dynamic locomotion.
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Mi to zovemo koncept pasivno dinamičkog kretanja.
01:29
What you're doing is, when you stand up,
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Ono što radite, kada ustanete je pretvaranje,
01:31
potential energy to kinetic energy,
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potencijalne energije u kinetičku,
01:33
potential energy to kinetic energy.
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potencijalne energije u kinetičku.
01:35
It's a constantly falling process.
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To je konstantan proces padanja.
01:37
So, even though there is nothing in nature that looks like this,
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I tako, makar ništa u prirodi ne izgleda poput ovog,
01:40
really, we were inspired by biology
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mi smo zapravo inspirirani biologijom
01:42
and applying the principles of walking
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i primjenjujemo principe hodanja
01:44
to this robot. Thus it's a biologically inspired robot.
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u ovom robotu, pa je to biološki inspiriran robot.
01:47
What you see over here, this is what we want to do next.
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Ovo što vidite ovdje, je ono što bi željeli napraviti slijedeće.
01:49
We want to fold up the legs and shoot it up for long-range motion.
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Mi želimo svinuti noge i rastegnuti ih za veliki domet.
01:53
And it deploys legs -- it looks almost like "Star Wars" --
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I želimo sklopiti noge, otprilike kako izgleda u Ratovima zvijezda.
01:56
when it lands, it absorbs the shock and starts walking.
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Kada se spusti, absorbira šok i počne hodati.
01:59
What you see over here, this yellow thing, this is not a death ray. (Laughter)
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Ovo što vidite ovdje, ova žuta stvar, to nije zraka smrti.
02:02
This is just to show you that if you have cameras
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To je samo da pokažemo ako imate kamere
02:04
or different types of sensors --
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ili različite vrste senzora
02:06
because it is tall, it's 1.8 meters tall --
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zato jer je visok, visok je 1,8 metara,
02:08
you can see over obstacles like bushes and those kinds of things.
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može vidjeti preko prepreka poput grmlja i slično.
02:11
So we have two prototypes.
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Imamo dva prototipa.
02:13
The first version, in the back, that's STriDER I.
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Prva verzija, u pozadini, to je STriDER I.
02:16
The one in front, the smaller, is STriDER II.
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Ova naprijed, manja, je STriDER II.
02:18
The problem that we had with STriDER I is
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Problem koji smo imali sa STriDERom I je
02:20
it was just too heavy in the body. We had so many motors,
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da je imao preteško tijelo. Imamo toliko motora,
02:23
you know, aligning the joints, and those kinds of things.
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znate, za pomicanje zglobova, i slično.
02:25
So, we decided to synthesize a mechanical mechanism
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Tako, odlučili smo sintetizirati mehanički mehanizam
02:29
so we could get rid of all the motors, and with a single motor
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kako bi se mogli riješiti svih tih motora, i s jednim motorom
02:32
we can coordinate all the motions.
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možemo koordinirati sve pokrete.
02:34
It's a mechanical solution to a problem, instead of using mechatronics.
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To je mehaničko riješenje problema, umjesto korištenja mehatronike.
02:37
So, with this now the top body is light enough. So, it's walking in our lab;
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I tako, s ovim sad, tijelo je dosta lagano da može hodati u laboratoriju.
02:40
this was the very first successful step.
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Ovo je bio prvi uspješan korak.
02:43
It's still not perfected -- its coffee falls down --
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Još nije savršen. Kava mu ispada,
02:45
so we still have a lot of work to do.
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i još imamo mnogo posla.
02:48
The second robot I want to talk about is called IMPASS.
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Drugi robot o kojem želim pričati se zove IMPASS.
02:51
It stands for Intelligent Mobility Platform with Actuated Spoke System.
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To je kratica za Inteligentna Mobilna Platforma sa Sustavom Šipaka.
02:55
So, it's a wheel-leg hybrid robot.
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I to je hibridni robot s kotačima i nogama.
02:58
So, think of a rimless wheel
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Pomislite na kotač bez okvira,
03:00
or a spoke wheel,
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ili kotač sa šiljcima.
03:02
but the spokes individually move in and out of the hub;
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Ali se šiljci zasebno miču unutra i van.
03:05
so, it's a wheel-leg hybrid.
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I tako, to je hibrid s kotačima i nogama.
03:07
We are literally re-inventing the wheel here.
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Doslovno smo ovdje ponovno izmislili kotač.
03:09
Let me demonstrate how it works.
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Da vam demonstriram kako radi.
03:12
So, in this video we're using an approach
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Dakle, u ovom videu koristimo pristup
03:14
called the reactive approach.
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kojeg zovemo reaktivni pristup.
03:16
Just simply using the tactile sensors on the feet,
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Samo jednostavno koristimo osjetilne senzore na nogama,
03:19
it's trying to walk over a changing terrain,
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pokušava hodati preko promjenjivog terena,
03:21
a soft terrain where it pushes down and changes.
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mekog terena koji se savija i mijenja.
03:24
And just by the tactile information,
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I uz pomoć osjetilnih informacija
03:26
it successfully crosses over these type of terrain.
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uspješno prelazi preko ovih vrsta terena.
03:29
But, when it encounters a very extreme terrain,
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Ali kada naleti na vrlo ekstreman teren,
03:33
in this case, this obstacle is more than three times
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u ovom slučaju, ova prepreka je više od tri puta
03:36
the height of the robot,
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visine samog robota,
03:38
Then it switches to a deliberate mode,
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tada se prebaci u slobodan mod
03:40
where it uses a laser range finder,
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gdje koristi laserski tragač,
03:42
and camera systems, to identify the obstacle and the size,
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i sustav kamera kako bi identificirao prepreku i veličinu,
03:44
and it plans, carefully plans the motion of the spokes
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i planira, pažljivo planira kretanje šiljaka,
03:47
and coordinates it so that it can show this
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i kordinira ih tako da može pokazati
03:49
kind of very very impressive mobility.
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ovu vrlo vrlo impresivnu pokretljivost.
03:51
You probably haven't seen anything like this out there.
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Sigurno niste vidjeli ništa poput ovoga.
03:53
This is a very high mobility robot
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Ovo je vrlo visoko mobilan robot
03:56
that we developed called IMPASS.
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kojeg smo razvili, i zove se IMPASS.
03:59
Ah, isn't that cool?
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Ah! Nije li to kul?
04:01
When you drive your car,
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Kada vozite svoj auto,
04:04
when you steer your car, you use a method
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kada upravljate autom, koristite metodu
04:06
called Ackermann steering.
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zvanu Ackermannovo upravljanje.
04:08
The front wheels rotate like this.
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Prednji kotači se ovako rotiraju.
04:10
For most small wheeled robots,
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Za većinu robota s malim kotačima
04:13
they use a method called differential steering
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koriste metodu zvanu diferencijalno upravljanje
04:15
where the left and right wheel turns the opposite direction.
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gdje se lijevi i desni kotač okreću u suprotne smjerove.
04:18
For IMPASS, we can do many, many different types of motion.
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Za IMPASS možemo napraviti mnogo različitih tipova kretanja.
04:21
For example, in this case, even though the left and right wheel is connected
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Na primjer, u ovom slučaju, čak iako su lijevi i desni kotač povezani
04:24
with a single axle rotating at the same angle of velocity.
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s jednom osovinom, rotiranje s istim kutom brzine.
04:26
We just simply change the length of the spoke.
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Samo jednostavno produžimo duljinu šiljka.
04:29
It affects the diameter and then can turn to the left, turn to the right.
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Utječe na promjer, i tada okreće lijevo, okreće desno.
04:31
So, these are just some examples of the neat things
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I, to su samo neki primjeri zgodnih stvari
04:33
that we can do with IMPASS.
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koje možemo raditi s IMPASS-om.
04:36
This robot is called CLIMBeR:
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Ovaj robot se zove CLIMBeR,
04:38
Cable-suspended Limbed Intelligent Matching Behavior Robot.
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Inteligentan robot s udovima povezan kabelom.
04:41
So, I've been talking to a lot of NASA JPL scientists --
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I tako, razgovarao sam s dosta NASA JPL znanstvenicima,
04:44
at JPL they are famous for the Mars rovers --
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u JPL-u su poznati po Mars roverima.
04:46
and the scientists, geologists always tell me
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I znanstvenici, geolozi mi uvijek govore
04:48
that the real interesting science,
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da je prava zanimljiva znanost,
04:51
the science-rich sites, are always at the cliffs.
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da su znanstveno značajna nalazišta uvijek na uzvisinama.
04:54
But the current rovers cannot get there.
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Ali trenutni roveri ne mogu doći do tamo.
04:56
So, inspired by that we wanted to build a robot
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Inspirirani time željeli smo napraviti robota
04:58
that can climb a structured cliff environment.
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koji se može penjati po strukturiranom brdovitom okolišu.
05:01
So, this is CLIMBeR.
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I tako, to je CLIMBeR.
05:03
So, what it does, it has three legs. It's probably difficult to see,
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Ono što radi, ima tri noge. Teško je za vidjeti,
05:05
but it has a winch and a cable at the top --
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ali je povezan kabelom na vrhu.
05:08
and it tries to figure out the best place to put its foot.
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I pokušava razaznati koje je najbolje mjesto da stavi svoju nogu.
05:10
And then once it figures that out
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I kada jednom to shvati
05:12
in real time, it calculates the force distribution:
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u stvarnom vremenu izračuna distribuciju sila.
05:15
how much force it needs to exert to the surface
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Koliko je sile potrebno da se digne s površine
05:18
so it doesn't tip and doesn't slip.
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a da se ne posklizne i ne pade.
05:20
Once it stabilizes that, it lifts a foot,
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Jednom kad stabilizira to da diže nogu,
05:22
and then with the winch it can climb up these kinds of thing.
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i tada se uz pomoć klatna može popesti po takvim stvarima.
05:26
Also for search and rescue applications as well.
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Također za primjenu kod potraga i spašavanja.
05:28
Five years ago I actually worked at NASA JPL
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Prije pet godina sam zapravo i radio za NASA JPL
05:30
during the summer as a faculty fellow.
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preko ljeta kao stažist.
05:32
And they already had a six legged robot called LEMUR.
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I oni su već imali šestero nožnog robota pod imenom LEMUR.
05:36
So, this is actually based on that. This robot is called MARS:
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I, ovo je zapravo bazirano na tome. Ovaj robot se zove MARS,
05:39
Multi-Appendage Robotic System. So, it's a hexapod robot.
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Robotski sustav sa više udova. To je zapravo šestero nožni robot.
05:42
We developed our adaptive gait planner.
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Razvili smo naš planer adaptacije.
05:44
We actually have a very interesting payload on there.
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I zapravo imamo vrlo zanimljiv teret ovdje.
05:46
The students like to have fun. And here you can see that it's
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Studenti se vole zabavljati. I ovdje možete vidjeti da
05:48
walking over unstructured terrain.
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hoda preko nestrukturiranog terena.
05:51
It's trying to walk on the coarse terrain,
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Pokušava hodati po neravnom terenu,
05:53
sandy area,
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pješćanom području,
05:55
but depending on the moisture content or the grain size of the sand
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ali ovisno o vlagi i veličini zrna pjeska
06:00
the foot's soil sinkage model changes.
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model propadanja noga se mijenja.
06:02
So, it tries to adapt its gait to successfully cross over these kind of things.
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I, tako se pokušava prilagoditi da uspješno prođe preko takvih stvari.
06:06
And also, it does some fun stuff, as can imagine.
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I također, radi neke zabavne stvari, kao što možete zamisliti.
06:08
We get so many visitors visiting our lab.
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Dolaze nam mnogi posjetitelji u naš labaratorij.
06:11
So, when the visitors come, MARS walks up to the computer,
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I kada posjetitelji dođu, MARS hoda do računala,
06:13
starts typing "Hello, my name is MARS."
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i počne tipkati "Zdravo, moje ime je MARS"
06:15
Welcome to RoMeLa,
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Dobrodošli u RoMeLu,
06:17
the Robotics Mechanisms Laboratory at Virginia Tech.
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Laboratorij robotskih mehanizama na sveučilištu Virgina Tech.
06:21
This robot is an amoeba robot.
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Ovaj robot je ameba robot.
06:23
Now, we don't have enough time to go into technical details,
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Sada, nemamo dosta vremena za ulaženje u tehničke detalje,
06:26
I'll just show you some of the experiments.
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pokazati ću vam samo neke od eksperimenata.
06:28
So, this is some of the early feasibility experiments.
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I tako, ovo su neki od ranih izvedivih eksperimenata.
06:30
We store potential energy to the elastic skin to make it move.
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Spremamo potencijalnu energiju u elastičnu kožu kako bi se pomicala.
06:34
Or use an active tension cords to make it move
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Ili koristimo aktivne napete žice kako bi ih pomicali
06:36
forward and backward. It's called ChIMERA.
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naprijed i natrag. Zove se ChIMERA.
06:39
We also have been working with some scientists
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Također smo radili s nekim znanstvenicima
06:41
and engineers from UPenn
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i inžinjerima iz UPenna
06:43
to come up with a chemically actuated version
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kako bi došli do kemijski usavršene verzije
06:45
of this amoeba robot.
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ovog ameba robota.
06:47
We do something to something
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Pretvaramo nešto u nešto.
06:49
And just like magic, it moves. The blob.
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I to je poput magije, kreće se. Grudica.
06:55
This robot is a very recent project. It's called RAPHaEL.
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Ovaj robot je vrlo nedavni projekt. Zove se RAPHaEL.
06:57
Robotic Air Powered Hand with Elastic Ligaments.
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Robotska zračno pogonjena ruka s elastičnim ligamentima.
07:00
There are a lot of really neat, very good robotic hands out there in the market.
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Postoji mnogo zgodnih, vrlo dobrih robotskih ruka na tržištu.
07:04
The problem is they're just too expensive, tens of thousands of dollars.
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Problem je u tome da su previše skupe, u desecima tisućama dolara.
07:08
So, for prosthesis applications it's probably not too practical,
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Tako da primjena za prostetiku nije previše praktična,
07:10
because it's not affordable.
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zato jer nije dostupna.
07:12
We wanted to go tackle this problem in a very different direction.
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Željeli smo se primiti tog problema sa sasvim drugačijeg smjera.
07:16
Instead of using electrical motors, electromechanical actuators,
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Umjesto korištenja električnih motora, elektromehaničkih pokretača,
07:19
we're using compressed air.
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koristimo komprimirani zrak.
07:21
We developed these novel actuators for joints.
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Uveli smo ove novitetne pokretače za zglobove.
07:23
It is compliant. You can actually change the force,
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Usuglašen je. Možete zapravo mijenjati silu,
07:26
simply just changing the air pressure.
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jednostavno samo promjenom tlaka zraka.
07:28
And it can actually crush an empty soda can.
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I zapravo može smrskati praznu limenku od soka.
07:30
It can pick up very delicate objects like a raw egg,
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Može podići vrlo delikatne objekte poput sirovog jaja,
07:33
or in this case, a lightbulb.
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ili u ovom slučaju, sijalice.
07:36
The best part, it took only $200 dollars to make the first prototype.
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Najbolja stvar je da je koštalo samo oko 200 dolara da se izradi prvi prototip.
07:40
This robot is actually a family of snake robots
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Ovaj robot je zapravo pripadnik obitelji zmijolikih robota
07:43
that we call HyDRAS,
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koje zovemo HyDRAS,
07:45
Hyper Degrees-of-freedom Robotic Articulated Serpentine.
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Robotski artikulirani gmaz s više stupnjeva slobode.
07:47
This is a robot that can climb structures.
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Ovo je robot koji se može penjati po strukturama.
07:50
This is a HyDRAS's arm.
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Ovo je ruka HyDRAS-e.
07:52
It's a 12 degrees of freedom robotic arm.
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To je robotska ruka s 12 stupnjeva slobode.
07:54
But the cool part is the user interface.
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Ali cool dio je korisničko sučelje.
07:56
The cable over there, that's an optical fiber.
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Ovaj kabel, to je optičko vlakno.
07:59
And this student, probably the first time using it,
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I ova studentica, koja ga najvjerojatnije koristi prvi put,
08:01
but she can articulate it many different ways.
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može upravljati u mnogo različitih smjerova.
08:03
So, for example in Iraq, you know, the war zone,
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I, na primjer u Iraku, znate, u ratnoj zoni,
08:06
there is roadside bombs. Currently you send these
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postoje bombe kraj ceste. Trenutno šaljemo ovo
08:08
remotely controlled vehicles that are armed.
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opremljeno daljinski upravljano vozilo.
08:11
It takes really a lot of time and it's expensive
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Treba mnogo vremena i skupo je
08:13
to train the operator to operate this complex arm.
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naučiti operatera da upravlja ovom kompleksnom rukom.
08:17
In this case it's very intuitive;
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U ovom slučaju sučelje je vrlo intuitivno.
08:19
this student, probably his first time using it, doing very complex manipulation tasks,
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Ovaj student, koji ga najvjerojatnije prvi put koristi, radi vrlo kompleksne manipulacije,
08:23
picking up objects and doing manipulation,
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podiže predmete, i manipulira,
08:25
just like that. Very intuitive.
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samo tako, vrlo intuitivno.
08:30
Now, this robot is currently our star robot.
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I sada, ovaj robot je naša zvijezda.
08:32
We actually have a fan club for the robot, DARwIn:
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Zapravo imamo klub obožavatelja robota pod imenom DARwIn,
08:35
Dynamic Anthropomorphic Robot with Intelligence.
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Dinamčki Antropomorfički Robot s Inteligencijom.
08:38
As you know, we are very interested in
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I kako dobro znate mi smo zainteresirani za
08:40
humanoid robot, human walking,
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humanoidne robote, ljudski hod,
08:42
so we decided to build a small humanoid robot.
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i tako smo odlučili izgraditi malog humanoidnog robota.
08:44
This was in 2004; at that time,
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To je bilo 2004., u to vrijeme
08:46
this was something really, really revolutionary.
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to je bilo nešto stvarno, stvarno revolucionarno.
08:48
This was more of a feasibility study:
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To je bila više studija izvedivosti,
08:50
What kind of motors should we use?
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koje motore da koristimo?
08:52
Is it even possible? What kinds of controls should we do?
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Je li uopće moguće? Kakve kontrole bi trebali napraviti?
08:54
So, this does not have any sensors.
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I, ovo nema nikakvih senzora.
08:56
So, it's an open loop control.
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U otvorenoj kontroli petlje je.
08:58
For those who probably know, if you don't have any sensors
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I za one koji najvjerojatnije znaju, ako nemate nikakvih senzora
09:00
and there are any disturbances, you know what happens.
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i postoji smetnja, znate što se dešava.
09:05
(Laughter)
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(smijeh)
09:06
So, based on that success, the following year
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I, tako temeljeno na tom uspjehu, slijedeće godine
09:08
we did the proper mechanical design
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smo napravili pravi mehanički dizajn
09:11
starting from kinematics.
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počevši od kinetike.
09:13
And thus, DARwIn I was born in 2005.
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I tako, DARwIn je bio rođen 2005.
09:15
It stands up, it walks -- very impressive.
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Ustaje. Hoda, vrlo impresivno.
09:17
However, still, as you can see,
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Ipak, još, kao što možete vidjeti,
09:19
it has a cord, umbilical cord. So, we're still using an external power source
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ima žicu, pupčanu vrpcu. I, mi još koristimo vanjski izvor napajanja,
09:23
and external computation.
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i vanjske proračune.
09:25
So, in 2006, now it's really time to have fun.
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I, 2006., sad je stvarno vrijeme za zabavu.
09:29
Let's give it intelligence. We give it all the computing power it needs:
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Dajmo mu inteligenciju. Dajemo mu računalnu snagu koju treba,
09:32
a 1.5 gigahertz Pentium M chip,
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1,5 gigahercni Pentium M čip,
09:34
two FireWire cameras, rate gyros, accelerometers,
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dvije Firewire kamere, osam žiroskopa, akcelerometar,
09:36
four force sensors on the foot, lithium polymer batteries.
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četiri senzora pritiska na nogama, litijske baterije.
09:39
And now DARwIn II is completely autonomous.
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I sada DARwIn II je u potpunosti autonoman.
09:43
It is not remote controlled.
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Daljinski je upravljan.
09:45
There are no tethers. It looks around, searches for the ball,
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Nije povezan. Gleda okolo, traži loptu,
09:48
looks around, searches for the ball, and it tries to play a game of soccer,
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gleda okolo, traži loptu, i pokušava odigrati partiju nogometa,
09:51
autonomously: artificial intelligence.
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autonomno, umjetna inteligencija.
09:54
Let's see how it does. This was our very first trial,
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Da vidimo kako to radi. Ovo je naš prvi pokušaj,
09:57
and... Spectators (Video): Goal!
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i... Video: Gol!
10:03
Dennis Hong: So, there is actually a competition called RoboCup.
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I, tako zapravo postoji natjecanje pod imenom RoboCup.
10:06
I don't know how many of you have heard about RoboCup.
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Znam da su mnogi od vas čuli za RoboCup.
10:08
It's an international autonomous robot soccer competition.
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To je internacionalno nogomentno natjecanje autonomnih robota.
10:13
And the goal of RoboCup, the actual goal is,
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I cilj RoboCupa, pravi cilj je,
10:16
by the year 2050
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do 2050. godine
10:18
we want to have full size, autonomous humanoid robots
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želimo imati autuonomnog humanoidnog robota prave veličine
10:21
play soccer against the human World Cup champions
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koji bi igrao protiv ljudskih prvaka Svjetskog prvenstva
10:25
and win.
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i pobjedio.
10:27
It's a true actual goal. It's a very ambitious goal,
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To je stvarni cilj. To je vrlo ambiciozan cilj,
10:29
but we truly believe that we can do it.
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ali stvarno vjerujemo da to možemo napraviti.
10:31
So, this is last year in China.
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I tako, ovo je prošle godine u Kini.
10:34
We were the very first team in the United States that qualified
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Bili smo prvi tim iz Sjedinjenih država koji se kvalificirao
10:36
in the humanoid RoboCup competition.
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u natjecanju humanoidnih robota.
10:38
This is this year in Austria.
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Ove godine, ovo je bilo u Austriji.
10:41
You're going to see the action, three against three,
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Vidjet ćete akcije, tri protiv tri,
10:43
completely autonomous.
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u potpunosti autonomni.
10:45
There you go. Yes!
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Evo vidite. Da!
10:48
The robots track and they
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Roboti prate i igraju,
10:50
team play amongst themselves.
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tim međusobno dodaje.
10:53
It's very impressive. It's really a research event
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To je vrlo impresivno. To je stvarno istraživački događaj
10:55
packaged in a more exciting competition event.
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upakiran u uzbudljiv natjecateljski događaj.
10:59
What you see over here, this is the beautiful
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Ovo što vidite ovdje, ovo je prekrasan
11:01
Louis Vuitton Cup trophy.
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trofej Kupa Louisa Vuittona.
11:03
So, this is for the best humanoid,
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I, ovo je za najboljeg humanoida,
11:05
and we would like to bring this for the very first time, to the United States
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i voljeli bi ovo dovesti po prvi put u Sjedinjene države,
11:07
next year, so wish us luck.
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slijedeće godine, zaželite nam sreću.
11:09
(Applause)
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Hvala vam.
11:11
Thank you.
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(Pljesak)
11:14
DARwIn also has a lot of other talents.
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DARwIn također ima i mnogo drugih talenata.
11:16
Last year it actually conducted the Roanoke Symphony Orchestra
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Prošle godine je zapravo dirigirao Roanoke simfonijskim orkestrom
11:19
for the holiday concert.
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za blagdanski koncert.
11:22
This is the next generation robot, DARwIn IV,
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Ovo je robot nove generacije, DARwIn IV,
11:25
but smarter, faster, stronger.
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ali pametniji, brži, jači.
11:28
And it's trying to show off its ability:
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I pokušava pokazati svoje sposobnosti.
11:30
"I'm macho, I'm strong.
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"Ja sam mačo, ja sam jak."
11:33
I can also do some Jackie Chan-motion,
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Može raditi i neke pokrete u stilu Jackie Chanovih
11:36
martial art movements."
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borilačkih pokreta.
11:39
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
11:41
And it walks away. So, this is DARwIn IV.
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I odlazi. Dakle, ovo je DARwIn IV,
11:43
And again, you'll be able to see it in the lobby.
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opet, možete ga vidjeti u predvorju.
11:45
We truly believe this is going to be the very first running
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Mi stvarno vjerujemo da će ovo biti prvo natjecanje,
11:47
humanoid robot in the United States. So, stay tuned.
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humanoidnih robota u Sjedinjenim državama. Pratite nas.
11:50
All right. So I showed you some of our exciting robots at work.
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Dobro, pokazao sam vam nekoliko naših uzbudljivih robota na djelu.
11:53
So, what is the secret of our success?
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Dakle, što je tajna našeg uspjeha?
11:56
Where do we come up with these ideas?
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Kako dolazimo do takvih ideja?
11:58
How do we develop these kinds of ideas?
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Kako razvijamo takve ideje?
12:00
We have a fully autonomous vehicle
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Imamo u potpunosti autonomno vozilo
12:02
that can drive into urban environments. We won a half a million dollars
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koje se može voziti u urbanom okruženju. Osvojili smo pola milijuna dolara
12:04
in the DARPA Urban Challenge.
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u DARPA-inom Urbanom Izazovu.
12:06
We also have the world's very first
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Mi također imamo prvo svjetsko vozilo
12:08
vehicle that can be driven by the blind.
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koje mogu voziti slijepi.
12:10
We call it the Blind Driver Challenge, very exciting.
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Zovemo ih izazov za slijepe vozače, vrlo uzbudljivo,
12:12
And many, many other robotics projects I want to talk about.
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i mnogo drugih projekata robotike o kojima vam želim pričati.
12:16
These are just the awards that we won in 2007 fall
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Ovo su samo nagrade koje smo osvojili na jesen 2007. godine
12:18
from robotics competitions and those kinds of things.
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na robotskim natjecanjima i sličnim događajima.
12:21
So, really, we have five secrets.
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I, mi stvarno imamo pet tajni.
12:23
First is: Where do we get inspiration?
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Prvo je gdje dobivamo inspiraciju,
12:25
Where do we get this spark of imagination?
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gdje dobivamo tu iskru imaginacije?
12:27
This is a true story, my personal story.
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Ovo je istinita priča, moja osobna priča.
12:30
At night when I go to bed, 3 - 4 a.m. in the morning,
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Kada idem u krevet, 3 ili 4 ujutro,
12:32
I lie down, close my eyes, and I see these lines and circles
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legnem, zatvorim oči, i onda vidim ove linije i kružnice
12:35
and different shapes floating around.
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i različite oblike koji lete okolo,
12:37
And they assemble, and they form these kinds of mechanisms.
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i onda se spoje i formiraju ovakve mehanizme.
12:40
And then I think, "Ah this is cool."
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I onda pomislim, "Ah, ovo je kul."
12:42
So, right next to my bed I keep a notebook,
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I, pokraj kreveta držim notes,
12:44
a journal, with a special pen that has a light on it, LED light,
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dnevnik, sa specijalnom olovkom koja ima svijetlo na sebi, LED svijetlo,
12:47
because I don't want to turn on the light and wake up my wife.
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zato jer ne želim paliti svjetlo i probuditi ženu.
12:49
So, I see this, scribble everything down, draw things,
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Tako, vidite ovo, zapišem sve, nacrtam stvari,
12:51
and I go to bed.
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i odem u krevet.
12:53
Every day in the morning,
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Svaki dan ujutro,
12:55
the first thing I do before my first cup of coffee,
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prva stvar koju napravim prije prve šalice kave,
12:57
before I brush my teeth, I open my notebook.
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prije nego što operem zube, otvorim svoj notes.
12:59
Many times it's empty,
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Mnogo puta je prazan,
13:01
sometimes I have something there -- if something's there, sometimes it's junk --
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nekad imam nešto što je smeće,
13:03
but most of the time I can't even read my handwriting.
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ali većinu vremena ne mogu niti čitati svoj rukopis.
13:06
And so, 4 am in the morning, what do you expect, right?
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Ipak, 4 ujutro, što možete očekivati?
13:09
So, I need to decipher what I wrote.
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Dakle, trebam dešifrirati što sam napisao.
13:11
But sometimes I see this ingenious idea in there,
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Ali ponekad vidim odličnu ideju,
13:14
and I have this eureka moment.
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i imam taj eureka trenutak.
13:16
I directly run to my home office, sit at my computer,
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Direktno otrčim do svog ureda u kući, sjedem za računalo,
13:18
I type in the ideas, I sketch things out
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utipkam ideje, skiciram stvari,
13:20
and I keep a database of ideas.
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i sačuvam bazu ideja.
13:23
So, when we have these calls for proposals,
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I tako, dok imamo pozive za zahtjeve
13:25
I try to find a match between my
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pokušavam naći poveznicu između mojih
13:27
potential ideas
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potencijalnih ideja
13:29
and the problem. If there is a match we write a research proposal,
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i problema, ako postoji veza, pišemo istraživački zahtjev,
13:31
get the research funding in, and that's how we start our research programs.
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tražimo finaciranje istraživanja, i tako započinjemo naše istraživačke programe.
13:35
But just a spark of imagination is not good enough.
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Ali samo iskra imaginacije nije dovoljna.
13:38
How do we develop these kinds of ideas?
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Kako razvijamo takve ideje?
13:40
At our lab RoMeLa, the Robotics and Mechanisms Laboratory,
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U našem laboratoriju RoMeLa, laboratoriju robotskih mehanizama,
13:43
we have these fantastic brainstorming sessions.
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imamo fantastične seanse brainstorminga.
13:46
So, we gather around, we discuss about problems
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Dakle, svi se okupimo, i diskutiramo o problemima
13:48
and social problems and talk about it.
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i socijalnim problemima i pričamo o tome.
13:50
But before we start we set this golden rule.
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Ali prije nego što počnemo postavimo ovo zlatno pravilo.
13:53
The rule is:
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Pravilo je:
13:55
Nobody criticizes anybody's ideas.
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Nitko ne kritizira ničiju ideju.
13:58
Nobody criticizes any opinion.
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Nitko ne kritizira ničije mišljenje.
14:00
This is important, because many times students, they fear
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To je važno, jer se mnogo puta, studenti, oni se boje
14:02
or they feel uncomfortable how others might think
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ili se osjećaju nelagodno u vezi onoga što bi drugi mislili
14:05
about their opinions and thoughts.
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o njihovim stavovima i mislima.
14:07
So, once you do this, it is amazing
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I, jednom dok se to napravi, nevjerojatno je
14:09
how the students open up.
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kako se studenti otvore.
14:11
They have these wacky, cool, crazy, brilliant ideas, and
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Imaju lude kul brilijantne ideje,
14:14
the whole room is just electrified with creative energy.
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cijela soba je jednostavno elektrificirana s kreativnom energijom.
14:17
And this is how we develop our ideas.
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I to je način na koji razvijamo svoje ideje.
14:20
Well, we're running out of time. One more thing I want to talk about is,
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Dobro, vrijeme nam prolazi, samo još jedna stvar o kojoj vam želim govoriti je
14:23
you know, just a spark of idea and development is not good enough.
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znate, samo iskra ideje i razvoja nije dovoljna.
14:27
There was a great TED moment,
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To je bio odličan TED trenutak,
14:29
I think it was Sir Ken Robinson, was it?
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mislim da je to bio Sir Ken Robinson, zar ne?
14:32
He gave a talk about how education
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On je govorio kako obrazovanje
14:34
and school kills creativity.
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i škola ubijaju kreativnost.
14:36
Well, actually, there are two sides to the story.
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Zapravo, tu su dvije strane priče.
14:39
So, there is only so much one can do
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Dakle, ograničeno je ono što jedna osoba može napraviti
14:42
with just ingenious ideas
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s odličnom idejom
14:44
and creativity and good engineering intuition.
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i kreativnošću i dobrom inžinjerskom intuicijom.
14:47
If you want to go beyond a tinkering,
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Ako želite ići dalje od razmišljanja,
14:49
if you want to go beyond a hobby of robotics
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ako želite ići dalje od hobija robotike
14:51
and really tackle the grand challenges of robotics
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i stvarno se suočiti s velikim izazovima robotike
14:54
through rigorous research
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kroz rigorozno istraživanje
14:56
we need more than that. This is where school comes in.
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mi trebamo više od toga. To je gdje škole dolaze.
14:59
Batman, fighting against bad guys,
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Batman, kad se bori protiv zločinaca,
15:02
he has his utility belt, he has his grappling hook,
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ima svoj remen sa stvarima, ima kuku za primanje,
15:04
he has all different kinds of gadgets.
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i različite vrste gadgeta.
15:06
For us roboticists, engineers and scientists,
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Za nas, robotičare, inžinjere i znanstvenike,
15:08
these tools, these are the courses and classes you take in class.
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ti alati, to su sve tečajevi i predavanja koja se uče u razredu.
15:13
Math, differential equations.
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Matematika, diferencijalne jednadžbe.
15:15
I have linear algebra, science, physics,
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Imamo linearnu algebru, znanost, fiziku,
15:17
even nowadays, chemistry and biology, as you've seen.
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i danas, kemiju i biologiju, kao što ste vidjeli.
15:20
These are all the tools that we need.
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To su sve alati koje trebamo.
15:22
So, the more tools you have, for Batman,
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Tako, što više alata imate, za Batmana
15:24
more effective at fighting the bad guys,
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je efikasnija borba protiv zločina,
15:26
for us, more tools to attack these kinds of big problems.
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za nas, više alata za napad na velike probleme.
15:30
So, education is very important.
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I tako, obrazovanje je vrlo važno.
15:33
Also, it's not about that,
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Također, nije o tome,
15:35
only about that. You also have to work really, really hard.
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nije samo o tome, važno je vrlo vrlo mnogo raditi.
15:37
So, I always tell my students,
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I, uvijek govorim svojim studentima,
15:39
"Work smart, then work hard."
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radite pametno, a onda radite teško.
15:41
This picture in the back this is 3 a.m. in the morning.
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Ova slika u pozadini je u 3 ujutro.
15:44
I guarantee if you come to your lab at 3 - 4 am
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Garantiram ako dođete u laboratorij u 3, 4 ujutro
15:46
we have students working there,
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tamo će biti studenti koji će raditi,
15:48
not because I tell them to, but because we are having too much fun.
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ne zato jer im tako velim, nego zato jer se vrlo dobro zabavljaju.
15:51
Which leads to the last topic:
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I to vodi do posljednje teme.
15:53
Do not forget to have fun.
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Ne zaboravite se zabavljati.
15:55
That's really the secret of our success, we're having too much fun.
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To je stvarno tajna našeg uspjeha. Previše nam je zabavno.
15:58
I truly believe that highest productivity comes when you're having fun,
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Stvarno vjerujem da najveća produktivnost dolazi kada se zabavljate.
16:01
and that's what we're doing.
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I to je ono što radimo.
16:03
There you go. Thank you so much.
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Evo. Puno vam hvala.
16:05
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dennis Hong - RoboticistDennis Hong is the founder and director of RoMeLa -- a Virginia Tech robotics lab that has pioneered several breakthroughs in robot design and engineering.
Why you should listen
As director of a groundbreaking robotics lab, Dennis Hong guides his team of students through projects on robot locomotion and mechanism design, creating award-winning humanoid robots like DARwIn (Dynamic Anthropomorphic Robot with Intelligence). His team is known as RoMeLa (Robotics & Mechanisms Laboratory) and operates at Virginia Tech.
Hong has also pioneered various innovations in soft-body robots, using a “whole-skin locomotion” as inspired by amoebae. Marrying robotics with biochemistry, he has been able to generate new types of motion with these ingenious forms. For his contributions to the field, Hong was selected as a NASA Summer Faculty Fellow in 2005, given the CAREER award by the National Science Foundation in 2007 and in 2009, named as one of Popular Science's Brilliant 10. He is also a gourmet chef and a magician, performing shows for charity and lecturing on the science of magic.
Dennis Hong | Speaker | TED.com