TED Salon: Border Stories
Luis H. Zayas: The psychological impact of child separation at the US-Mexico border
Luis H. Zayas: Dampak psikologis pemisahan anak di perbatasan AS-Meksiko
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Bagaimana trauma psikologis memengaruhi perkembangan otak anak-anak? Dalam obrolan bertenaga ini, pekerja sosial Luis H. Zayas membahas kiprahnya bersama pengungsi dan keluarga pencari suaka di perbatasan AS-Meksiko. Hasilnya adalah, analisis yang menakjubkan tentang dampak jangka panjang detensi dan kebijakan pemisahan anak yang kontroversial di AS -- serta langkah-langkah praktis agar AS bisa bertindak lebih baik.
Luis H. Zayas - Social worker, psychologist, researcher
Luis H. Zayas remains a proud active mental health practitioner through his evaluations of immigrant children and families facing deportation, and of refugee and asylum-seeking mothers and children in detention centers. Full bio
Luis H. Zayas remains a proud active mental health practitioner through his evaluations of immigrant children and families facing deportation, and of refugee and asylum-seeking mothers and children in detention centers. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
For over 40 years, I've been
a clinical social worker
a clinical social worker
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Selama 40 tahun lebih,
saya menjadi pekerja sosial klinis
saya menjadi pekerja sosial klinis
00:16
and a developmental psychologist.
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dan psikolog perkembangan.
00:18
And it seemed almost natural
for me to go into the helping professions.
for me to go into the helping professions.
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Sepertinya tidak aneh saya menekuni
profesi yang membantu orang lain.
profesi yang membantu orang lain.
00:22
My parents had taught me
to do good for others.
to do good for others.
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Orang tua saya mengajarkan
berbuat baik kepada orang lain.
berbuat baik kepada orang lain.
00:26
And so I devoted my career
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Jadi, saya mengabdikan karier saya
00:29
to working with families
in some of the toughest circumstances:
in some of the toughest circumstances:
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untuk bekerja dengan keluarga
yang menghadapi kondisi paling berat:
yang menghadapi kondisi paling berat:
00:32
poverty, mental illness,
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kemiskinan, penyakit jiwa,
00:35
immigration, refugees.
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imigrasi, pengungsi.
00:38
And for all those years,
I've worked with hope and with optimism.
I've worked with hope and with optimism.
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Dan selama bertahun-tahun,
saya dipenuhi harapan dan optimisme.
saya dipenuhi harapan dan optimisme.
00:43
In the past five years, though,
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Tapi, selama lima tahun terakhir,
00:45
my hope and my optimism
have been put to the test.
have been put to the test.
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harapan dan optimisme saya diuji.
00:50
I've been so deeply disappointed
in the way the United States government
in the way the United States government
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Saya sangat kecewa dengan cara
pemerintah Amerika Serikat
pemerintah Amerika Serikat
00:54
is treating families who are coming
to our southern border,
to our southern border,
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menangani keluarga yang datang
dari perbatasan selatan kita,
dari perbatasan selatan kita,
00:59
asking for asylum --
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mencari suaka,
01:01
desperate parents with children,
from El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras,
from El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras,
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orang tua putus asa dengan anak-anak,
dari El Salvador, Guatemala, dan Honduras,
dari El Salvador, Guatemala, dan Honduras,
01:07
who only want to bring their kids
to safety and security.
to safety and security.
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yang hanya ingin anak-anak mereka
aman dan selamat.
aman dan selamat.
01:11
They are fleeing some of
the worst violence in the world.
the worst violence in the world.
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Mereka kabur dari sebagian
kekerasan terparah di dunia.
kekerasan terparah di dunia.
01:14
They've been attacked by gangs,
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Mereka diserang kawanan geng,
01:16
assaulted, raped, extorted, threatened.
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dianiaya, diperkosa, diperas, diancam.
01:20
They have faced death.
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Mereka menghadapi maut.
01:22
And they can't turn to their police
because the police are complicit,
because the police are complicit,
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Dan mereka tak bisa mengandalkan
polisi karena aparat di sana terlibat,
polisi karena aparat di sana terlibat,
01:27
corrupt, ineffective.
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korup, tidak efektif.
01:29
Then they get to our border,
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Jadi, mereka datang
ke perbatasan kita,
ke perbatasan kita,
01:32
and we put them in detention centers,
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dan kita memasukkan mereka
ke pusat detensi,
ke pusat detensi,
01:34
prisons, as if they were common criminals.
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penjara, seolah mereka penjahat biasa.
01:39
Back in 2014, I met some of
the first children in detention centers.
the first children in detention centers.
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Tahun 2014, saya bertemu beberapa
anak pertama di pusat detensi.
anak pertama di pusat detensi.
01:46
And I wept.
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Dan saya menangis.
01:48
I sat in my car afterwards and I cried.
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Saya duduk di mobil setelah itu
dan menangis.
dan menangis.
01:53
I was seeing some of the worst
suffering I'd ever known,
suffering I'd ever known,
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Saya melihat penderitaan terburuk
yang pernah saya ketahui,
yang pernah saya ketahui,
01:56
and it went against everything
I believed in my country,
I believed in my country,
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yang melanggar semua yang
saya yakini di negara saya,
saya yakini di negara saya,
01:59
the rule of law
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aturan hukum
02:02
and everything my parents taught me.
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dan semua ajaran orang tua saya.
02:06
The way the United States
has handled the immigrants
has handled the immigrants
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Cara Amerika Serikat
menangani imigran
menangani imigran
02:11
seeking asylum in our country
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pencari suaka
di negara kita
di negara kita
02:13
over the past five years --
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selama lima tahun terakhir,
02:14
it's wrong, just simply wrong.
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sudah jelas keliru.
02:18
Tonight, I want to tell you
that children in immigration detention
that children in immigration detention
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Malam ini, saya ingin menyampaikan
anak-anak di detensi imigrasi
anak-anak di detensi imigrasi
02:21
are being traumatized.
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mengalami trauma.
02:24
And we are causing the trauma.
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Dan kitalah penyebabnya.
02:28
We in America --
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Kita orang Amerika,
02:29
actually, those of us here tonight --
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bahkan yang hadir di sini malam ini,
02:32
will not necessarily be on the same page
with respect to immigration.
with respect to immigration.
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belum tentu berpikiran
sama soal imigrasi.
sama soal imigrasi.
02:37
We'll disagree on how we're going
to handle all those people
to handle all those people
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Kita mungkin tak sependapat dalam
cara menangani orang-orang
cara menangani orang-orang
02:40
who want to come to our country.
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yang ingin datang ke negara kita.
02:43
Frankly, it doesn't matter to me
whether you're a Republican or a Democrat,
whether you're a Republican or a Democrat,
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Sesungguhnya, bagi saya tidak penting
apakah Anda Republik atau Demokrat,
apakah Anda Republik atau Demokrat,
02:46
liberal or conservative.
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liberal atau konservatif.
02:50
I want secure borders.
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Saya ingin perbatasan yang aman.
02:54
I also want to keep the bad actors out.
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Saya juga ingin menjauhkan orang jahat.
02:59
I want national security.
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Saya ingin keamanan nasional.
03:01
And of course, you'll have your ideas
about those topics, too.
about those topics, too.
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Dan tentu saja, Anda punya konsep
sendiri tentang masalah itu.
sendiri tentang masalah itu.
03:07
But I think we can agree
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Tapi saya rasa kita bisa sepakat
03:09
that America should not be doing harm.
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bahwa Amerika tidak boleh
berbuat jahat.
berbuat jahat.
03:13
The government, the state, should not
be in the business of hurting children.
be in the business of hurting children.
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Pemerintah, negara bagian,
tidak boleh menyakiti anak-anak.
tidak boleh menyakiti anak-anak.
03:18
It should be protecting them,
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Amerika seharusnya
melindungi mereka,
melindungi mereka,
03:21
no matter whose children they are:
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anak siapa pun itu:
03:23
your children, my grandchildren
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anak Anda, cucu saya
03:28
and the children of families
just looking for asylum.
just looking for asylum.
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dan anak para keluarga
yang hanya mencari suaka.
yang hanya mencari suaka.
03:34
Now, I could tell you story after story
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Saya bisa menceritakan
kisah demi kisah
kisah demi kisah
03:37
of children who have witnessed
some of the worst violence in the world
some of the worst violence in the world
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anak-anak yang menyaksikan
sebagian kekerasan terparah di dunia
sebagian kekerasan terparah di dunia
03:40
and are now sitting in detention.
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dan kini mendekam di detensi.
03:42
But two little boys have stayed with me
over these past five years.
over these past five years.
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Tapi ada dua anak lelaki yang tak bisa
saya lupakan selama lima tahun terakhir.
saya lupakan selama lima tahun terakhir.
03:48
One of them was Danny.
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Salah satunya Danny.
03:51
Danny was seven and a half years old
when I met him in a detention center
when I met him in a detention center
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Danny berumur 7,5 tahun ketika saya
temui di pusat detensi
temui di pusat detensi
03:54
in Karnes City, Texas, back in 2014.
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di Karnes City, Texas, tahun 2014.
03:56
He was there with his mother
and his brother,
and his brother,
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Dia di sana bersama ibu
dan adiknya.
dan adiknya.
03:59
and they had fled Honduras.
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dan mereka kabur dari Honduras.
04:01
You know, Danny is one of these kids
that you get to love instantly.
that you get to love instantly.
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Danny jenis anak yang langsung
membuat jatuh cinta.
membuat jatuh cinta.
04:05
He's funny, he's innocent,
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Dia lucu, polos,
04:08
he's charming and very expressive.
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memesona, dan sangat ekspresif.
04:11
And he's drawing pictures for me,
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Dia membuat gambar untuk saya,
04:14
and one of the pictures he drew for me
was of the Revos Locos.
was of the Revos Locos.
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dan salah satu yang digambarnya
adalah Revos Locos.
adalah Revos Locos.
04:18
The Revos Locos: this is the name
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Revos Locos: inilah nama
04:21
that they gave to gangs
in the town that he was in.
in the town that he was in.
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yang diberikan kepada geng
di kota tempat tinggalnya dulu.
di kota tempat tinggalnya dulu.
04:25
I said to Danny,
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Saya berkata kepada Danny,
04:26
"Danny, what makes them bad guys?"
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"Danny, kenapa mereka orang jahat?"
04:30
Danny looked at me with puzzlement.
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Danny menatap saya dengan bingung.
04:33
I mean, the look was more like,
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Tatapannya lebih mirip,
04:36
"Are you clueless or just stupid?"
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"Kamu ini polos atau tolol?"
04:38
(Laughter)
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(Tertawa)
04:40
He leaned in and he whispered,
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Dia mendekat dan berbisik,
04:42
"Don't you see?
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"Memangnya kamu tidak lihat?
04:44
They smoke cigarettes."
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Mereka merokok."
04:45
(Laughter)
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(Tertawa)
04:47
"And they drink beer."
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"Dan mereka minum bir."
04:50
Danny had learned, of course,
about the evils of drinking and smoking.
about the evils of drinking and smoking.
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Danny, tentu saja, sudah tahu tentang
keburukan minum-minum dan merokok.
keburukan minum-minum dan merokok.
04:55
Then he said, "And they carry guns."
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Kemudian, "Dan mereka bersenjata."
04:58
In one of the pictures,
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Di salah satu gambar,
05:00
the stick figures of the Revos Locos
are shooting at birds and at people.
are shooting at birds and at people.
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anggota Revos Locos menembaki
burung dan orang-orang.
burung dan orang-orang.
05:05
Danny told me about the day his uncle
was killed by those Revos Locos
was killed by those Revos Locos
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Danny bercerita tentang pamannya
yang dibunuh Revos Locos
yang dibunuh Revos Locos
05:10
and how he ran from his house
to his uncle's farmhouse,
to his uncle's farmhouse,
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dan bagaimana dia lari dari rumah
menuju peternakan pamannya,
menuju peternakan pamannya,
05:13
only to see his uncle's dead body,
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hanya untuk melihat mayat sang paman,
05:16
his face disfigured by bullets.
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wajahnya rusak diterjang peluru.
05:20
And Danny told me he saw his uncle's teeth
coming out the back of his head.
coming out the back of his head.
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Danny juga bilang dia melihat gigi
pamannya mencuat dari balik tengkuknya.
pamannya mencuat dari balik tengkuknya.
05:25
He was only six at the time.
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Saat itu Danny baru enam tahun.
05:27
Sometime after that,
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Tak lama setelah itu,
05:29
one of those Revos Locos
beat little Danny badly, severely,
beat little Danny badly, severely,
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salah satu anggota Revos Locos
memukuli Danny, habis-habisan,
memukuli Danny, habis-habisan,
05:33
and that's when his parents said,
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dan saat itulah orang tuanya berkata,
05:35
"We have got to leave
or they will kill us."
or they will kill us."
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"Kita harus pergi atau
dibunuh mereka."
dibunuh mereka."
05:41
So they set out.
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Jadi mereka kabur.
05:42
But Danny's father was
a single-leg amputee with a crutch,
a single-leg amputee with a crutch,
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Tapi ayah Danny berkaki buntung
dan memakai tongkat,
dan memakai tongkat,
05:45
and he couldn't manage the rugged terrain.
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dan dia tak sanggup melewati
medan yang keras.
medan yang keras.
05:48
So he said to his wife,
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Jadi dia berkata
kepada istrinya,
kepada istrinya,
05:51
"Go without me. Take our boys.
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"Pergilah tanpa aku.
Bawa anak-anak kita.
Bawa anak-anak kita.
05:55
Save our boys."
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Selamatkan
anak-anak kita."
anak-anak kita."
05:57
So Mom and the boys set off.
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Jadi Ibu dan anak-anak berangkat.
05:58
Danny told me he looked back,
said goodbye to his father,
said goodbye to his father,
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Danny bercerita, dia menoleh,
berpamitan kepada ayahnya,
berpamitan kepada ayahnya,
06:01
looked back a couple of times
until he lost sight of his father.
until he lost sight of his father.
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berulang kali menoleh hingga
ayahnya lenyap dari pandangan.
ayahnya lenyap dari pandangan.
06:04
In detention, he had not
heard from his father.
heard from his father.
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Di detensi, dia belum mendengar
kabar dari ayahnya.
kabar dari ayahnya.
06:08
And it's very likely that his father
was killed by the Revos Locos,
was killed by the Revos Locos,
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Kemungkinan besar ayahnya
dibunuh Revos Locos,
dibunuh Revos Locos,
06:11
because he had tried to flee.
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karena mencoba kabur.
06:14
I can't forget Danny.
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Saya tak bisa melupakan Danny.
06:19
The other boy was Fernando.
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Anak satu lagi bernama Fernando.
06:22
Now, Fernando was
in the same detention center,
in the same detention center,
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Fernando ada di pusat
detensi yang sama,
detensi yang sama,
06:25
roughly the same age as Danny.
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usianya sepantar Danny.
06:27
Fernando was telling me about the 24 hours
he spent in isolation with his mother
he spent in isolation with his mother
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Fernando bercerita tentang 24 jam
berada di ruang isolasi bersama ibunya
berada di ruang isolasi bersama ibunya
06:32
in the detention center,
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di pusat detensi,
06:33
placed there because his mother
had led a hunger strike
had led a hunger strike
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ditempatkan di sana karena
ibunya memimpin mogok makan
ibunya memimpin mogok makan
06:36
among the mothers in the detention center,
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di kalangan para ibu di pusat detensi,
06:38
and now she was cracking
under the pressure of the guards,
under the pressure of the guards,
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dan kini mental ibunya terganggu
di bawah tekanan penjaga,
di bawah tekanan penjaga,
06:41
who were threatening and being
very abusive towards her and Fernando.
very abusive towards her and Fernando.
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yang mengancam dan sangat kasar
kepadanya dan Fernando.
kepadanya dan Fernando.
06:45
As Fernando and I are talking
in the small office,
in the small office,
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Saat saya dan Fernando mengobrol
di kantor kecil itu,
di kantor kecil itu,
06:49
his mother burst in,
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ibunya menerobos masuk,
06:51
and she says, "They hear you!
They're listening to you."
They're listening to you."
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dan dia berkata, "Mereka menguping!
Mereka mendengarmu."
Mereka mendengarmu."
06:55
And she dropped to her hands and knees,
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Dan dia jatuh berlutut,
06:59
and she began to look under the table,
groping under all the chairs.
groping under all the chairs.
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dan mulai memeriksa kolong meja,
meraba bagian bawah semua kursi.
meraba bagian bawah semua kursi.
07:02
She looked at the electric sockets,
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Dia memeriksa soket listrik,
07:05
at the corner of the room,
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di sudut ruangan,
07:07
the floor, the corner of the ceiling,
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lantai, sudut langit-langit,
07:09
at the lamp, at the air vent, looking
for hidden microphones and cameras.
for hidden microphones and cameras.
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lampu, ventilasi udara, mencari
mikrofon dan kamera tersembunyi.
mikrofon dan kamera tersembunyi.
07:15
I watched Fernando
as he watched his mother spiral
as he watched his mother spiral
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Saya mengawasi Fernando
mengawasi ibunya yang lambat laun
mengawasi ibunya yang lambat laun
07:19
into this paranoid state.
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semakin paranoid.
07:22
I looked in his eyes
and I saw utter terror.
and I saw utter terror.
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Saya menatap mata Fernando
dan melihat ketakutan total.
dan melihat ketakutan total.
07:25
After all, who would take care
of him if she couldn't?
of him if she couldn't?
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Lagi pula, siapa yang bisa merawat dirinya
jika ibunya tidak bisa?
jika ibunya tidak bisa?
07:29
It was just the two of them.
They only had each other.
They only had each other.
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Mereka hanya berdua.
Tak ada orang lain.
Tak ada orang lain.
07:32
I could tell you story after story,
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Masih banyak lagi cerita
yang bisa saya sampaikan,
yang bisa saya sampaikan,
07:37
but I haven't forgotten Fernando.
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tapi saya tak pernah
melupakan Fernando.
melupakan Fernando.
07:41
And I know something about
what that kind of trauma,
what that kind of trauma,
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Dan saya tahu bagaimana
dampak trauma,
dampak trauma,
07:45
stress and adversity does to children.
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stres, dan cobaan macam
itu pada anak-anak.
itu pada anak-anak.
07:48
So I'm going to get clinical
with you for a moment,
with you for a moment,
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Jadi, untuk sejenak saya mengajak
Anda berpikir klinis,
Anda berpikir klinis,
07:51
and I'm going to be
the professor that I am.
the professor that I am.
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dan saya akan berbicara
sesuai profesi saya.
sesuai profesi saya.
07:54
Under prolonged and intense stress,
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Di bawah stres yang
berkepanjangan dan intens,
berkepanjangan dan intens,
07:59
trauma, hardship, adversity,
harsh conditions,
harsh conditions,
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trauma, kesulitan, cobaan,
kehidupan yang keras,
kehidupan yang keras,
08:04
the developing brain is harmed,
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otak yang sedang berkembang
akan rusak,
akan rusak,
08:07
plain and simple.
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sesederhana itu.
08:09
Its wiring and its architecture
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Jaringan dan arsitekturnya,
08:11
are damaged.
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rusak.
08:13
The child's natural stress
response system is affected.
response system is affected.
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Sistem respons stres anak itu terpengaruh.
08:17
It's weakened of its protective factors.
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Faktor-faktor pelindungnya
semakin lemah.
semakin lemah.
08:20
Regions of the brain
that are associated with cognition,
that are associated with cognition,
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Wilayah otak yang
berkaitan dengan kognisi,
berkaitan dengan kognisi,
08:25
intellectual abilities,
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kemampuan intelektual,
08:27
judgment, trust, self-regulation,
social interaction,
social interaction,
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pertimbangan, kepercayaan,
pengelolaan diri, interaksi sosial,
pengelolaan diri, interaksi sosial,
08:31
are weakened, sometimes permanently.
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semakin lemah, terkadang
secara permanen.
secara permanen.
08:34
That impairs children's future.
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Ini merusak masa depan anak-anak.
08:37
We also know that under stress,
the child's immune system is suppressed,
the child's immune system is suppressed,
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Kita juga tahu di bawah stres,
sistem imun anak juga tertekan,
sistem imun anak juga tertekan,
08:41
making them susceptible to infections.
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menjadikan mereka rentan terhadap infeksi.
08:45
Chronic illnesses, like diabetes,
asthma, cardiovascular disease,
asthma, cardiovascular disease,
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Penyakit kronis, seperti diabetes,
asma, penyakit kardiovaskular,
asma, penyakit kardiovaskular,
08:51
will follow those children into adulthood
and likely shorten their lives.
and likely shorten their lives.
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akan memburu anak-anak itu saat dewasa,
dan mungkin mempersingkat umur mereka.
dan mungkin mempersingkat umur mereka.
08:57
Mental health problems are linked
to the breakdown of the body.
to the breakdown of the body.
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Masalah kesehatan mental juga terkait
dengan rusaknya tubuh.
dengan rusaknya tubuh.
09:01
I have seen children in detention
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Saya pernah melihat anak-anak di detensi
09:04
who have recurrent
and disturbing nightmares,
and disturbing nightmares,
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yang berulang kali mengalami
mimpi buruk,
mimpi buruk,
09:07
night terrors,
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ketakutan di malam hari,
09:10
depression and anxiety,
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depresi dan kegelisahan,
09:12
dissociative reactions,
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reaksi disosiatif,
09:15
hopelessness, suicidal thinking
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keputusasaan, pemikiran bunuh diri,
09:18
and post-traumatic stress disorders.
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serta gangguan stres pascatrauma.
09:21
And they regress in their behavior,
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Dan perilaku mereka semakin merosot,
09:23
like the 11-year-old boy
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seperti bocah 11 tahun
09:27
who began to wet his bed again
after years of continence.
after years of continence.
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yang mulai mengompol lagi setelah
bertahun-tahun bisa tahan.
bertahun-tahun bisa tahan.
09:31
And the eight-year-old girl
who was buckling under the pressure
who was buckling under the pressure
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Dan gadis delapan tahun
yang ambruk di bawah tekanan
yang ambruk di bawah tekanan
09:34
and was insisting
that her mother breastfeed her.
that her mother breastfeed her.
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dan berkeras minta
menyusu pada ibunya.
menyusu pada ibunya.
09:36
That is what detention does to children.
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Inilah dampak detensi
terhadap anak-anak.
terhadap anak-anak.
09:41
Now, you may ask:
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Sekarang, Anda mungkin bertanya:
09:46
What do we do?
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Apa yang akan kita lakukan?
09:47
What should our government do?
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Apa sebaiknya langkah pemerintah?
09:50
Well, I'm just a mental
health professional,
health professional,
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Saya hanya seorang pakar
kesehatan mental,
kesehatan mental,
09:53
so all I really know is about
children's health and development.
children's health and development.
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jadi saya hanya tahu tentang
kesehatan dan perkembangan anak.
kesehatan dan perkembangan anak.
09:56
But I have some ideas.
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Tapi saya punya ide.
09:58
First, we need to reframe our practices.
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Pertama, kita perlu menata ulang
praktik kita.
praktik kita.
10:02
We need to replace fear and hostility
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Kita perlu mengganti ketakutan
dan kebencian
dan kebencian
10:06
with safety and compassion.
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dengan keamanan dan kasih sayang.
10:10
We need to tear down the prison walls,
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Kita perlu merobohkan tembok penjara,
10:12
the barbed wire, take away the cages.
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kawat duri, menyingkirkan kerangkeng.
10:15
Instead of prison, or prisons,
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Alih-alih penjara,
10:20
we should create orderly
asylum processing centers,
asylum processing centers,
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sebaiknya kita membuat pusat
pengelolaan suaka yang teratur,
pengelolaan suaka yang teratur,
10:25
campus-like communities
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komunitas mirip kampus
10:27
where children and families
can live together.
can live together.
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tempat anak-anak dan keluarga
bisa hidup bersama.
bisa hidup bersama.
10:30
We could take old motels,
old army barracks,
old army barracks,
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Kita bisa memanfaatkan motel lama,
barak tentara lama,
barak tentara lama,
10:34
refit them so that children and parents
can live as family units
can live as family units
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merenovasinya agar anak-anak dan
orang tua dapat hidup sebagai keluarga
orang tua dapat hidup sebagai keluarga
10:37
in some safety and normality,
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dalam suasana aman dan normal,
10:39
where kids can run around.
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tempat anak-anak bisa berlarian.
10:42
In these processing centers,
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Di pusat pengelolaan ini,
10:44
pediatricians, family doctors,
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dokter anak, dokter keluarga,
10:47
dentists and nurses,
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dokter gigi, dan perawat,
10:49
would be screening, examining,
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akan memonitor, memeriksa,
10:51
treating and immunizing children,
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mengobati, mengimunisasi
anak-anak
anak-anak
10:53
creating records that will follow them
to their next medical provider.
to their next medical provider.
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membuat riwayat kesehatan untuk
keperluan medis mereka berikutnya.
keperluan medis mereka berikutnya.
10:57
Social workers would be conducting
mental health evaluations
mental health evaluations
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Pekerja sosial akan mengevaluasi
kesehatan mental
kesehatan mental
11:03
and providing treatment
for those who need it.
for those who need it.
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dan menyediakan perawatan
bagi yang membutuhkannya.
bagi yang membutuhkannya.
11:05
Those social workers
would be connecting families
would be connecting families
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Pekerja sosial akan
menghubungkan keluarga
menghubungkan keluarga
11:08
to services that they're going
to need, wherever they're headed.
to need, wherever they're headed.
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dengan layanan yang mereka
butuhkan, ke mana pun tujuan mereka.
butuhkan, ke mana pun tujuan mereka.
11:11
And teachers would be teaching
and testing children
and testing children
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Guru akan mengajar
dan mengetes anak-anak
dan mengetes anak-anak
11:16
and documenting their learning
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2640
dan mendokumentasikan
pelajaran mereka
pelajaran mereka
11:19
so that the teachers at the next school
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agar para guru di sekolah berikutnya
11:21
can continue those children's education.
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dapat melanjutkan pendidikan
anak-anak itu.
anak-anak itu.
11:23
There's a lot more that we could do
in these processing centers.
in these processing centers.
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Masih banyak yang bisa kita lakukan
di pusat pengelolaan ini.
di pusat pengelolaan ini.
11:29
A lot more.
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Masih banyak.
11:31
And you probably are thinking,
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1903
Dan Anda barangkali berpikir,
11:33
this is pie-in-the-sky stuff.
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ini seperti
mimpi di siang bolong.
mimpi di siang bolong.
11:37
Can't blame you.
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Saya bisa maklum.
11:39
Well, let me tell you that refugee camps
all over the world are holding families
all over the world are holding families
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Begini, banyak kamp pengungsi
di seluruh dunia yang menampung keluarga
di seluruh dunia yang menampung keluarga
11:44
like those in our detention centers,
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seperti pusat detensi kita,
11:46
and some of those refugee camps
are getting it right
are getting it right
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dan sebagian kamp pengungsi
ini bertindak benar
ini bertindak benar
11:51
far better than we are.
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jauh melebihi kita.
11:53
The United Nations has issued reports
describing refugee camps
describing refugee camps
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PBB telah mengeluarkan laporan
tentang kamp pengungsi
tentang kamp pengungsi
11:58
that protect children's
health and development.
health and development.
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yang melindungi kesehatan
dan perkembangan anak.
dan perkembangan anak.
12:01
Children and parents live in family units
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Anak-anak dan orang tua
tinggal sebagai satu keluarga
tinggal sebagai satu keluarga
12:04
and clusters of families
are housed together.
are housed together.
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dan beberapa keluarga
ditempatkan dalam satu rumah.
ditempatkan dalam satu rumah.
12:08
Parents are given work permits
so they can earn some money,
so they can earn some money,
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Orang tua diberikan izin kerja
agar mereka bisa mencari uang,
agar mereka bisa mencari uang,
12:11
they're given food vouchers so they can
go to the local stores and shop.
go to the local stores and shop.
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mereka mendapat kupon makanan
untuk digunakan di toko setempat.
untuk digunakan di toko setempat.
12:16
Mothers are brought together
to cook healthy meals for the children,
to cook healthy meals for the children,
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Para ibu berkumpul untuk memasak
makanan sehat bagi anak-anak,
makanan sehat bagi anak-anak,
12:20
and children go to school
every day and are taught.
every day and are taught.
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dan anak-anak bersekolah
dan belajar setiap hari.
dan belajar setiap hari.
12:24
Afterwards, after school,
they go home and they ride bikes,
they go home and they ride bikes,
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Setelah itu, seusai sekolah,
mereka pulang dengan bersepeda,
mereka pulang dengan bersepeda,
12:27
hang out with friends, do homework
and explore the world --
and explore the world --
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berkumpul dengan teman-teman,
membuat PR, dan mengeksplorasi dunia.
membuat PR, dan mengeksplorasi dunia.
12:31
all the essentials for child development.
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Semua yang esensial
bagi perkembangan anak.
bagi perkembangan anak.
12:36
We can get it right.
We have the resources to get it right.
We have the resources to get it right.
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Kita bisa bertindak benar.
Kita punya sumber daya untuk itu.
Kita punya sumber daya untuk itu.
12:40
What we need is the will
and the insistence of Americans
and the insistence of Americans
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Yang kita butuhkan hanyalah
kemauan dan desakan warga AS
kemauan dan desakan warga AS
12:48
that we treat children humanely.
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agar kita merawat anak-anak
secara manusiawi.
secara manusiawi.
12:52
You know, I can't forget
Danny or Fernando.
Danny or Fernando.
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Anda tahu, saya tak bisa
melupakan Danny atau Fernando.
melupakan Danny atau Fernando.
12:58
I wonder where they are today,
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Saya penasaran di mana
mereka sekarang,
mereka sekarang,
13:00
and I pray that they
are healthy and happy.
are healthy and happy.
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dan saya berdoa agar
mereka sehat dan bahagia.
mereka sehat dan bahagia.
13:03
They are only two
of the many children I met
of the many children I met
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Mereka dua dari banyak
anak yang saya temui
anak yang saya temui
13:05
and of the thousands we know about
who have been in detention.
who have been in detention.
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dan dari ribuan yang kita tahu
berada di detensi.
berada di detensi.
13:10
I may be saddened
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Saya mungkin sedih
13:13
by what's happened to the children,
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atas apa yang terjadi
pada anak-anak itu,
pada anak-anak itu,
13:15
but I'm inspired by them.
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tapi saya terinspirasi
oleh mereka.
oleh mereka.
13:18
I may cry, as I did,
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Saya mungkin menangis,
dan memang sudah,
dan memang sudah,
13:22
but I admire those children's strength.
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tapi saya mengagumi
kekuatan anak-anak itu.
kekuatan anak-anak itu.
13:25
They keep alive my hope
and my optimism in the work I do.
and my optimism in the work I do.
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Mereka terus menghidupkan harapan
dan optimisme saya dalam bekerja.
dan optimisme saya dalam bekerja.
13:30
So while we may differ
on our approach to immigration,
on our approach to immigration,
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Jadi, walau pendekatan kita
terhadap imigrasi berbeda,
terhadap imigrasi berbeda,
13:35
we should be treating children
with dignity and respect.
with dignity and respect.
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kita mesti memperlakukan anak-anak
dengan hormat dan martabat.
dengan hormat dan martabat.
13:39
We should do right by them.
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Kita mesti adil
kepada mereka.
kepada mereka.
13:41
If we do,
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Jika kita melakukannya,
13:44
we can prepare those children
who remain in the United States,
who remain in the United States,
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kita bisa menyiapkan anak-anak
yang menetap di Amerika Serikat
yang menetap di Amerika Serikat
13:47
prepare them to become productive,
engaged members of our society.
engaged members of our society.
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menjadi anggota masyarakat
yang produktif dan berkomitmen.
yang produktif dan berkomitmen.
13:53
And those who will return to their
countries whether voluntarily or not
countries whether voluntarily or not
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Dan anak-anak yang kembali ke negara
mereka, secara sukarela atau tidak,
mereka, secara sukarela atau tidak,
13:57
will be prepared to become the teachers,
the merchants, the leaders
the merchants, the leaders
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akan disiapkan menjadi guru,
pedagang, pemimpin
pedagang, pemimpin
14:01
in their country.
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di negara mereka.
14:03
And I hope together
all of those children and parents
all of those children and parents
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Dan saya berharap, bersama-sama
semua anak dan orang tua itu
semua anak dan orang tua itu
14:06
could give testimony to the world
about the goodness of our country
about the goodness of our country
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bisa memberi kesaksian kepada dunia
tentang kebaikan negara kita
tentang kebaikan negara kita
14:10
and our values.
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dan nilai-nilai kita.
14:12
But we have to get it right.
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Tapi kita harus bertindak benar.
14:15
So we can agree
to disagree on immigration,
to disagree on immigration,
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Jadi kita bisa bersepakat untuk
tidak sepakat soal imigrasi,
tidak sepakat soal imigrasi,
14:20
but I hope we can agree on one thing:
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tapi saya harap kita bersepakat
untuk satu hal:
untuk satu hal:
14:22
that none of us wants to look back
at this moment in our history,
at this moment in our history,
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bahwa kita tak ingin mengingat
momen ini dalam sejarah kita,
momen ini dalam sejarah kita,
14:27
when we knew we were inflicting
lifelong trauma on children,
lifelong trauma on children,
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ketika kita tahu kitalah penyebab
trauma seumur hidup pada anak-anak,
trauma seumur hidup pada anak-anak,
14:32
and that we sat back and did nothing.
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dan kita hanya berpangku tangan.
14:37
That would be the greatest tragedy of all.
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Itu mungkin tragedi terbesar
yang pernah ada.
yang pernah ada.
14:42
Thank you.
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Terima kasih.
14:44
(Applause)
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(Tepuk tangan)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Luis H. Zayas - Social worker, psychologist, researcherLuis H. Zayas remains a proud active mental health practitioner through his evaluations of immigrant children and families facing deportation, and of refugee and asylum-seeking mothers and children in detention centers.
Why you should listen
Luis H. Zayas lends his expertise to legal advocates protecting the rights of asylees, refugees and immigrants in courts. A native of Coamo, Puerto Rico, Zayas believes deeply that social justice warriors cannot serve on all the battlefronts where human rights are trampled, and inhumane treatment occurs. Instead, we must use our natural talents, passions, skills and knowledge to fight in those areas that call out to us.
Luis H. Zayas | Speaker | TED.com