Marian Wright Edelman: Reflections from a lifetime fighting to end child poverty
Marian Wright Edelman: Riflessioni su una vita passata a lottare per porre fine alla povertà infantile
Marian Wright Edelman fights for a level playing field for all children, so their chances to succeed don't have to depend on the lottery of birth. Full bioPat Mitchell - Curator, connector, convener and advocate for women's leadership
Pat Mitchell is a lifelong advocate for women and girls, known for her work as a journalist, producer, television executive and curator. Full bio
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non ti ritieni una leggenda.
that "legend" business.
as founder and president.
fondatrice e presidente.
and my mother raised us to serve,
ci hanno cresciuti per servire,
external things or labels,
di cose esterne o di marchi,
più fortunata nel mondo
person in the world
di enormi esigenze e grandi ingiustizie
of great needs and great injustices
in grado di ribaltarle.
e fare la differenza.
was molded by your parents.
è stato plasmato dai tuoi genitori.
about movement-building?
riguardo la nascita di un movimento?
Sono stata molto fortunata.
I was so lucky.
che abbia mai conosciuto.
organizer I ever knew.
even back then, on having her own dime.
avere dei soldi suoi.
so that she could have her penny,
per guadagnare qualcosa,
has certainly been passed on to me.
quel senso di indipendenza.
and they were real partners.
ed erano una coppia vera.
tra lei e me, ci sono tre maschi.
and there are three boys in between.
intelligente quanto i miei fratelli.
as smart as my brothers.
high aspirations that they had.
grandi ambizioni.
we were terribly blessed,
eravamo estremamente fortunati,
small town in South Carolina --
della Carolina del Sud --
I was four years old,
da quando avevo quattro anni,
being put into slots.
di essere catalogata.
had the sense that it was not us,
pensato che non era colpa nostra,
di crescere e cambiarlo,
to grow up to change it,
they were the best role models,
dei perfetti modelli da seguire,
se vedi una necessità,
nessuno se ne occupa.
abitazioni per gli anziani.
in our hometown.
now, 50 years later, as Alzheimer's,
che solo adesso, dopo 50 anni,
iniziò a girovagare per le strade.
che aveva bisogno di un'abitazione,
he needed a place to go,
pulivano e servivano.
that it was our obligation
che è nostro dovere
who couldn't take care of themselves.
di prendersi cura di loro stessi.
and she took them in before we left home.
dopo che noi ce ne andammo,
che ce ne fossimo andati.
you try to fulfill it.
un'esigenza, cerchi di soddisfarla.
a full employment economy.
un'economia in piena occupazione.
or a real purpose in life.
o avrai sempre uno scopo nella vita.
il Fondo per la Difesa dei Bambini
Defense Fund works on today
in a very personal way.
in modo molto personale.
who lived three doors down from me,
che viveva a tre case di distanza,
he lived with his grandmother,
no tetanus shots, he died.
niente vaccino antitetanico e morì.
alla nostra autostrada,
two white truck drivers
that happened to be black.
and the ambulance came,
e arrivò l'ambulanza,
truck drivers were not injured,
non erano feriti,
invece lo erano,
was one of the first things
al Fondo per la Difesa dei Bambini
immunized against preventable diseases.
contro malattie prevenibili.
sempre leggere con lui.
read every night with him.
inside a "Life Magazine"
all'interno di Life Magazine
before we had a second pair of shoes,
un secondo paio di scarpe,
books for the black schools
avessimo libri usati
was the window to the outside world,
era la chiave per il mondo esterno,
un loro grande regalo.
runs a full employment economy,
un'economia in piena occupazione,
a quattro o cinque anni.
I was four or five.
e, alla fontana dell'acqua,
and "black" water signs,
e uno "neri",
and didn't pay much attention to that,
non ci feci molta attenzione,
delle mie maestre della Domenica.
of my Sunday school teachers.
io non ne capii il motivo,
and I didn't know what had happened,
dei bianchi e quella dei neri.
about black and white water.
wounded psyche to my parents,
andai dai miei genitori,
chiesi: "Che cos'ho che non va?"
and said, "What's wrong with me?"
di sbagliato in te.
"It wasn't much wrong with you.
i cartelli dell'acqua ovunque andassi
and switch water signs
that this legend is a bit of a rebel,
questa leggenda è un po' una ribelle,
and with the Civil Rights Movement,
e con il Movimento dei Diritti Civili,
on the original Poor People's Campaign.
per la prima Marcia dei poveri.
this decision, 45 years ago,
campaign for children.
a difesa dei bambini.
particular service, to children?
quel servizio specifico per i bambini?
that I saw in Mississippi
delle cose che ho visto in Mississipi
bellies in this country
bambini con pance gonfie
who were starving,
nel Mississippi dicevo:
that would come to Mississippi,
non voleva averci a che fare.
didn't want to do anything about it.
cercavano di far registrare i votanti
during voter registration efforts --
to help black citizens register to vote --
ad aiutare quelli di colore a registrarsi,
so they were trying to starve them out.
dallo stato lasciandoli morire di fame.
from free food commodities
e nessuno in America volle credere
in America wanted to believe
in America without any income.
senza uno stipendio.
thousands of them.
was becoming a big problem.
un grosso problema.
came Dr. King down
lottando per il programma "Head Start",
to get the Head Start program --
of Mississippi turned down --
was running without any help,
stava gestendo senza alcun aiuto,
for eight or 10 children,
per otto o dieci bambini,
because he was in tears.
decided he would come --
decise di venire,
about the Head Start program,
sul programma "Head Start",
come and see yourself,
and see starving children.
all the poor people to go north
tutti i poveri verso il Nord
he'll win one of these days.
uno di questi giorni vincerà.
such grinding poverty,
una povertà così estrema
who'd come in to help register voters
con la registrazione dei votanti
where we lost those three young men.
in cui abbiamo perso tre giovani ragazzi.
quando i media se ne andarono,
to push the poor out.
because the state turned it down.
perché lo stato lo aveva rifiutato.
that don't take Medicaid these days.
non usano Medicaid.
più grande della nazione,
Head Start program in the nation,
who looked like them in it,
di bambini uguali a loro,
gave birth to the Children's Defense Fund
il Fondo per la Difesa dei Bambini
per andare avanti.
the Poor People's Campaign.
that whatever you called
qualsiasi nome avesse,
un collegio elettorale ridotto.
a shrinking constituency.
or at a two-year-old toddler?
di due mesi o un bambino di due anni?
neither, from what we've seen.
non vogliono nemmeno nutrirli.
di essere stata
coordinator for policy
della marcia dei poveri
quando vengono seminati,
lavorino duro e controllino i progressi.
who are scut workers and follow up.
and a persistent person.
e una persona tenace.
on food stamps today
hanno i buoni pasto
nel fango nella Città della Resurrezione.
in the mud in Resurrection City.
detailed work -- and never going away.
lavoro dettagliato e tenacia.
out of the Children's Defense Fund?
del Fondo per la Difesa dei Bambini?
have sort of become a mainstream issue.
come una sorta di problema pubblico.
are getting a head start.
are getting Head Start
fanno parte di Head Start
Insurance Program, CHIP,
per i bambini, noto come CHIP,
per i bambini.
the child welfare system for decades.
il sistema di assistenza infantile.
breakthrough this year,
una svolta quest'anno,
quando qualcuno è pronto a muoversi,
when somebody's ready to move,
10 years, 20 years, but you're there.
10 anni, 20 anni, ma sei lì.
out of foster care and out of institutions
da affidamenti e istituzioni
con servizi preventivi.
with preventive services.
of children who have hope,
che hanno speranza,
in the richest nation on earth.
la povertà infantile
that we have to be demanding that.
in spite of the successes,
ci sono ancora molti problemi
some of them, Marian --
discussi alcuni, Marian,
Children's Defense Fund programs.
del Fondo per la Difesa dei Bambini.
and in other countries,
e in altre nazioni,
we adults in power have been
l'irresponsabilità di noi adulti al potere
the "Bulletin of Atomic Scientists"
il Bollettino degli Scienziati Atomici
two minutes from midnight,
alla mezzanotte,
and safety at risk
dei nostri bambini a rischio
too much governed by violence.
troppo governato dalla violenza.
investing in the young and in peace,
nei giovani e nella pace
from doing that.
ancora una volta,
these battles all over again,
that we as adults have to do
che noi adulti dobbiamo fare
the sacrifices of Mrs. Hamer
per darcene una migliore.
to give us a better life.
has got to come to grips
in its children,
nell'investire nei bambini,
of this nation.
di questa nazione.
economies in the world
più grandi del mondo
go live in poverty,
vivano nella povertà,
restino senza una casa
who we are as a people,
to end poverty in the world.
alla povertà nel mondo.
a fare tagli fiscali, scusate,
rather than to babies
and it's not cost-effective.
to be an educated child population,
sarà una popolazione di bambini istruiti,
at the most basic levels.
o scrivere a livello base.
about anybody having one billion,
se qualcuno ha un miliardo,
what does it mean to live
vivere e condurre questa vita.
to make things better
per migliorare le cose
about climate change
del cambiamento climatico
I constantly cite --
of Atomic Scientists" every year.
Atomici ogni anno.
"Two minutes to midnight."
to our children?
ai nostri bambini?
to leave a better world for everybody,
lasciare un mondo migliore per tutti,
bambini affamati nel mondo
no hungry children in this world
ad una causa più grande,
role models in the world.
da seguire del mondo.
runs a full employment economy,
un'economia in piena occupazione,
because my mother was a true partner.
perché mia madre era una compagna vera.
as smart as my brothers, at least.
almeno quanto i miei fratelli.
just to be about ourselves,
che non si trattava solo di noi stessi
on behalf of all the world's children,
di tutti i bambini del mondo,
e il tuo sostegno.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Marian Wright Edelman - Child advocateMarian Wright Edelman fights for a level playing field for all children, so their chances to succeed don't have to depend on the lottery of birth.
Why you should listen
Marian Wright Edelman, founder and president emerita of the Children's Defense Fund (CDF), has been an advocate for disadvantaged Americans for her entire professional life. Under her leadership, CDF has become the nation's strongest voice for children and families. The CDF's "Leave No Child Behind" mission is "to ensure every child a Healthy Start, a Head Start, a Fair Start, a Safe Start, and a Moral Start in life and successful passage to adulthood with the help of caring families and communities."
Edelman, a graduate of Spelman College and Yale Law School, began her career in the mid-'60s when, as the first black woman admitted to the Mississippi Bar, she directed the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund office in Jackson, Mississippi. In 1968, she moved to Washington, DC as counsel for the Poor People's Campaign that Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. began organizing before his death. She founded the Washington Research Project, a public interest law firm and the parent body of the CDF. For two years she served as the director of the Center for Law and Education at Harvard University and in 1973 began CDF. Edelman served on the Board of Trustees of Spelman College, which she chaired from 1976 to 1987, and was the first woman elected by alumni as a member of the Yale University Corporation, on which she served from 1971 to 1977. She has received more than 100 honorary degrees and many awards, including the Albert Schweitzer Humanitarian Prize, the Heinz Award, a MacArthur Foundation Prize Fellowship, the Presidential Medal of Freedom -- the nation's highest civilian award -- and the Robert F. Kennedy Lifetime Achievement Award for her writings.
Marian Wright Edelman | Speaker | TED.com
Pat Mitchell - Curator, connector, convener and advocate for women's leadership
Pat Mitchell is a lifelong advocate for women and girls, known for her work as a journalist, producer, television executive and curator.
Why you should listen
Pat Mitchell began her media career in print (at LOOK) and transitioned to television as opportunities opened up for women in the early 1970s. She was among the first women to anchor the news (WBZ-TV Boston) and host a morning talk show (Woman 74). She was the first woman to own, produce and host a national talk show, the Emmy-winning Woman to Woman, which also became the first television series to be placed in the archives of the Harvard-Radcliffe Schlesinger Library on the History of Women.
As the head of Ted Turner's documentary division, the programs she commissioned garnered 37 Emmys, five Peabodys and two Academy Award nominations. In 2000, she became the first woman President and CEO of the Public Broadcasting System. She led PBS through the transition to digital broadcasting, sustained government funding and added many new original series to the national schedule. As head of the Paley Center for Media in New York and Los Angeles, she guided an institution that leads discussion about the cultural, creative and social significance of media. Now as an independent consultant and curator, Mitchell advises foundations and corporations on issues of women’s empowerment and leadership development as well as media relations and governance. Mitchell is a trustee of the Skoll Foundation and Participant Media; chair of the Sundance Institute Board and Women's Media Center and a board member of the Acumen Fund.
In 2010, Mitchell launched and co-hosted the first TEDWomen and for the succeeding seven years, in partnership with the TED organization, Mitchell has curated and hosted TEDxWomen and TEDWomen conferences.
Pat Mitchell | Speaker | TED.com