Marian Wright Edelman: Reflections from a lifetime fighting to end child poverty
Marian Wright Edelman: Reflexões de uma vida lutando para acabar com a pobreza infantil
Marian Wright Edelman fights for a level playing field for all children, so their chances to succeed don't have to depend on the lottery of birth. Full bioPat Mitchell - Curator, connector, convener and advocate for women's leadership
Pat Mitchell is a lifelong advocate for women and girls, known for her work as a journalist, producer, television executive and curator. Full bio
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de ser chamada de "lenda".
that "legend" business.
como fundadora e presidente.
as founder and president.
and my mother raised us to serve,
nos criaram para servir,
external things or labels,
externas ou rótulos,
person in the world
de grandes necessidades e injustiças
of great needs and great injustices
por poder servir e fazer a diferença.
was molded by your parents.
um grande exemplo para você.
sobre a criação de um movimento?
about movement-building?
I was so lucky.
pais extraordinários.
organizadora que já conheci.
organizer I ever knew.
even back then, on having her own dime.
em ter o próprio dinheiro dela.
so that she could have her penny,
para que pudesse se sustentar,
has certainly been passed on to me.
de independência pra mim.
uma parceria de verdade.
and they were real partners.
and there are three boys in between.
as smart as my brothers.
tão inteligente quanto eles.
high aspirations that they had.
we were terribly blessed,
é que fomos imensamente abençoados,
da Carolina do Sul.
small town in South Carolina --
I was four years old,
os quatro anos de idade,
being put into slots.
had the sense that it was not us,
a impressão de que não se tratava de nós,
e mudar essa situação,
to grow up to change it,
they were the best role models,
eram os melhores exemplos e diziam:
por que ninguém faz nada a respeito.
in our hometown.
em nossa cidade natal.
now, 50 years later, as Alzheimer's,
50 anos depois, conhecemos como Alzheimer,
he needed a place to go,
precisava de um lugar para ficar.
limpar e servir.
that it was our obligation
que era nossa obrigação
who couldn't take care of themselves.
cuidar de si mesmos.
and she took them in before we left home.
e depois de sairmos de casa.
you try to fulfill it.
uma necessidade, tenta satisfazê-la.
a full employment economy.
uma economia de pleno emprego.
or a real purpose in life.
ou um propósito real na vida.
Defense Fund works on today
o Children's Defense Fund trabalha hoje
in a very personal way.
de modo muito pessoal.
who lived three doors down from me,
que morava a três casas de mim,
ele morava com a avó dele,
he lived with his grandmother,
não tomou a vacina e morreu.
no tetanus shots, he died.
em frente à nossa rodovia
two white truck drivers
that happened to be black.
que, por acaso, eram negros.
e a ambulância chegou,
and the ambulance came,
truck drivers were not injured,
não estavam feridos
imigrantes negros estavam,
was one of the first things
uma das primeiras coisas
no Children's Defense Fund
fosse imunizada contra doenças evitáveis.
immunized against preventable diseases.
inferiores às escolas brancas.
e me fazia ler todas as noites com ele.
read every night with him.
por 15 ou 20 minutos.
dentro de uma revista "Life",
inside a "Life Magazine"
before we had a second pair of shoes,
antes de um segundo par de sapatos,
para as escolas negras
books for the black schools
was the window to the outside world,
era a janela para o mundo exterior,
runs a full employment economy,
administra uma economia de pleno emprego
I was four or five.
"para brancos" e "para negros".
and "black" water signs,
and didn't pay much attention to that,
nem prestava muita atenção.
da escola dominical
of my Sunday school teachers.
e não entendi o que aconteceu.
and I didn't know what had happened,
sobre a água para negros e brancos.
about black and white water.
wounded psyche to my parents,
ego ferido a meus pais,
"O que há de errado comigo?"
and said, "What's wrong with me?"
com você, mas com o sistema".
"It wasn't much wrong with you.
de todos os lugares aonde eu ia.
and switch water signs
that this legend is a bit of a rebel,
essa lenda é um pouco rebelde
and with the Civil Rights Movement,
e com o movimento dos direitos civis,
on the original Poor People's Campaign.
na primeira "Poor People's Campaign".
this decision, 45 years ago,
a decisão, há 45 anos,
campaign for children.
de defesa das crianças.
particular service, to children?
específico voltado a crianças?
that I saw in Mississippi
que vi no Mississippi
bellies in this country
inchadas neste país,
que havia crianças passando fome,
who were starving,
that would come to Mississippi,
ao Mississippi eu dizia: "Vá ver",
didn't want to do anything about it.
fazer nada a respeito.
during voter registration efforts --
de cadastramento eleitoral,
to help black citizens register to vote --
ajudar cidadãos negros a se cadastrarem,
e tentava privá-los de comida.
so they were trying to starve them out.
alimentícios gratuitos
from free food commodities
in America wanted to believe
que houvesse alguém lá sem renda alguma.
in America without any income.
milhares nessa situação.
thousands of them.
um grande problema.
was becoming a big problem.
came Dr. King down
to get the Head Start program --
para que o programa Head Start,
of Mississippi turned down --
was running without any help,
dirigia sem nenhuma ajuda,
for eight or 10 children,
para oito ou dez crianças
because he was in tears.
porque estava aos prantos.
decided he would come --
decidiu que viria...
about the Head Start program,
sobre o programa Head Start,
come and see yourself,
e crianças morrendo de fome".
and see starving children.
a irem para o norte
all the poor people to go north
he'll win one of these days.
ele vai ganhar algum dia.
such grinding poverty,
who'd come in to help register voters
para ajudar a cadastrar eleitores,
where we lost those three young men.
em que perdemos aqueles três jovens.
a imprensa foi embora,
to push the poor out.
because the state turned it down.
porque o estado recusou.
that don't take Medicaid these days.
não aceitam Medicaid hoje em dia.
Head Start program in the nation,
programa Head Start do país,
eram crianças parecidas com eles,
who looked like them in it,
ao Children's Defense Fund
gave birth to the Children's Defense Fund
falhas e negligência,
mais estratégica de prosseguir.
the Poor People's Campaign.
that whatever you called
de independente negro ou moreno,
a shrinking constituency.
or at a two-year-old toddler?
de dois meses ou uma criança de dois anos?
neither, from what we've seen.
nem um nem outro, pelo visto.
da Poor People's Campaign
coordinator for policy
ficam plantadas
who are scut workers and follow up.
servis que acompanhem.
and a persistent person.
servil e persistente.
com cupons de alimentação hoje
on food stamps today
in the mud in Resurrection City.
na lama da Resurrection City.
trabalho minucioso, e nunca abandonar.
detailed work -- and never going away.
out of the Children's Defense Fund?
do Children's Defense Fund?
have sort of become a mainstream issue.
se tornaram um tema predominante.
estão recebendo comida,
are getting a head start.
are getting Head Start
recebendo o Head Start
Insurance Program, CHIP,
Insurance Program, CHIP,
the child welfare system for decades.
a assistência infantil há décadas.
breakthrough this year,
um avanço importante este ano.
when somebody's ready to move,
quando alguém estiver pronto para mudar.
10 years, 20 years, but you're there.
mas você está lá.
out of foster care and out of institutions
fora de assistência social e instituições,
e com serviços preventivos.
with preventive services.
que têm esperança
of children who have hope,
na nação mais rica do planeta.
in the richest nation on earth.
that we have to be demanding that.
in spite of the successes,
apesar dos sucessos,
alguns deles, Marian:
some of them, Marian --
Children's Defense Fund programs.
do Children's Defense Fund.
and in other countries,
e em outros países,
é a maneira irresponsável
we adults in power have been
na entrega de um planeta mais saudável.
the "Bulletin of Atomic Scientists"
o "Bulletin of Atomic Scientists"
two minutes from midnight,
mais próximos de uma catástrofe mundial,
and safety at risk
de nossos filhos em risco
too much governed by violence.
governado pela violência.
investing in the young and in peace,
e começar a investir nos jovens e na paz,
from doing that.
bem longe de fazer isso.
these battles all over again,
essas batalhas tudo de novo.
that we as adults have to do
que nós, adultos, temos que fazer
the sacrifices of Mrs. Hamer
to give us a better life.
para nos dar uma vida melhor.
has got to come to grips
têm que começar a lidar
in its children,
of this nation.
economies in the world
economias do mundo
go live in poverty,
de crianças vivam na pobreza,
quem somos como um povo,
who we are as a people,
to end poverty in the world.
que erradicaremos a pobreza no mundo.
rather than to babies
de bebês e da assistência médica deles.
and it's not cost-effective.
to be an educated child population,
será uma população infantil instruída,
em níveis básicos.
at the most basic levels.
about anybody having one billion,
se alguém tivesse US$ 1 bilhão,
what does it mean to live
to make things better
para melhorar as coisas
com a mudança climática
about climate change
I constantly cite --
cito sempre...
of Atomic Scientists" every year.
of Atomic Scientists" todo ano
"Two minutes to midnight."
de uma catástrofe mundial.
to our children?
para nossos filhos?
to leave a better world for everybody,
deixar um mundo melhor para todos,
famintas neste mundo
no hungry children in this world
role models in the world.
exemplos do mundo.
runs a full employment economy,
administra uma economia de pleno emprego
because my mother was a true partner.
era uma parceira de verdade.
as smart as my brothers, at least.
quanto meus irmãos, pelo menos.
just to be about ourselves,
apenas de sermos nós mesmos,
on behalf of all the world's children,
de todas as crianças do mundo,
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Marian Wright Edelman - Child advocateMarian Wright Edelman fights for a level playing field for all children, so their chances to succeed don't have to depend on the lottery of birth.
Why you should listen
Marian Wright Edelman, founder and president emerita of the Children's Defense Fund (CDF), has been an advocate for disadvantaged Americans for her entire professional life. Under her leadership, CDF has become the nation's strongest voice for children and families. The CDF's "Leave No Child Behind" mission is "to ensure every child a Healthy Start, a Head Start, a Fair Start, a Safe Start, and a Moral Start in life and successful passage to adulthood with the help of caring families and communities."
Edelman, a graduate of Spelman College and Yale Law School, began her career in the mid-'60s when, as the first black woman admitted to the Mississippi Bar, she directed the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund office in Jackson, Mississippi. In 1968, she moved to Washington, DC as counsel for the Poor People's Campaign that Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. began organizing before his death. She founded the Washington Research Project, a public interest law firm and the parent body of the CDF. For two years she served as the director of the Center for Law and Education at Harvard University and in 1973 began CDF. Edelman served on the Board of Trustees of Spelman College, which she chaired from 1976 to 1987, and was the first woman elected by alumni as a member of the Yale University Corporation, on which she served from 1971 to 1977. She has received more than 100 honorary degrees and many awards, including the Albert Schweitzer Humanitarian Prize, the Heinz Award, a MacArthur Foundation Prize Fellowship, the Presidential Medal of Freedom -- the nation's highest civilian award -- and the Robert F. Kennedy Lifetime Achievement Award for her writings.
Marian Wright Edelman | Speaker | TED.com
Pat Mitchell - Curator, connector, convener and advocate for women's leadership
Pat Mitchell is a lifelong advocate for women and girls, known for her work as a journalist, producer, television executive and curator.
Why you should listen
Pat Mitchell began her media career in print (at LOOK) and transitioned to television as opportunities opened up for women in the early 1970s. She was among the first women to anchor the news (WBZ-TV Boston) and host a morning talk show (Woman 74). She was the first woman to own, produce and host a national talk show, the Emmy-winning Woman to Woman, which also became the first television series to be placed in the archives of the Harvard-Radcliffe Schlesinger Library on the History of Women.
As the head of Ted Turner's documentary division, the programs she commissioned garnered 37 Emmys, five Peabodys and two Academy Award nominations. In 2000, she became the first woman President and CEO of the Public Broadcasting System. She led PBS through the transition to digital broadcasting, sustained government funding and added many new original series to the national schedule. As head of the Paley Center for Media in New York and Los Angeles, she guided an institution that leads discussion about the cultural, creative and social significance of media. Now as an independent consultant and curator, Mitchell advises foundations and corporations on issues of women’s empowerment and leadership development as well as media relations and governance. Mitchell is a trustee of the Skoll Foundation and Participant Media; chair of the Sundance Institute Board and Women's Media Center and a board member of the Acumen Fund.
In 2010, Mitchell launched and co-hosted the first TEDWomen and for the succeeding seven years, in partnership with the TED organization, Mitchell has curated and hosted TEDxWomen and TEDWomen conferences.
Pat Mitchell | Speaker | TED.com